214:) and the director of finances. Lu submitted a petition severely criticizing Pei for frivolousness and lack of judgment, but Emperor Dezong did not take heed. As Pei was not himself familiar with financial matters, he summoned experienced administrators at the directorate of finances and asked them for suggestions on how to please the emperor. In 793, he came up with a scheme — to change, on the books, uncollectible tax debts from the various prefectures into collectible ones, and moving the tax revenues that were actually submitted into a new separate storage. In all, no actual revenues were created, but Emperor Dezong was fooled into believing that Pei could increase the wealth of the state and therefore favored him more. Pei also falsely claimed that there was a large meadow to the west of Chang'an that could be used for raising horses — which turned out to be nonexistent when Emperor Dezong sent investigators to consider it for that purpose, but Emperor Dezong did not punish him, despite criticism by other officials. Also at Pei's suggestion, Emperor Dezong left many officials' positions unfilled in order to save money, notwithstanding the necessity for those positions to be filled. Pei further suggested that the money used on imperial temples be diverted to Emperor Dezong's own palace, and also falsely claimed that he had access to giant trees for the building of a temple that Emperor Dezong commissioned, Shenlong Temple (神龍寺) — such that when Emperor Dezong pointed out that those giants trees were not even available during the prosperous reign of Emperor Xuanzong, he responded that Emperor Xuanzong's reign was not impressive enough for those trees to reveal themselves. It was said that Emperor Dezong actually did realize that Pei was frivolous and often spoke untruths, but that he was happy to hear Pei gossip about other officials, and therefore continued to favor Pei.
223:
soldiers to resent
Emperor Dezong and Pei and to encourage them to mutiny. When an imperial guard soldier complained to Emperor Dezong that his corps was being inadequately supplied, Emperor Dezong came to believe that Pei was telling the truth about Lu and the others. In spring 796, he exiled Lu, Zhang, Li Chong, and Li Xian, to distant prefectures to be prefectural officials. In the aftermaths of these officials' exile, a number of low-level officials in charge of submitting suggestions to the emperor, led by Yang Cheng (陽城), submitted petitions attacking Pei and defending Lu and the others, but the petitions fell on deaf ears. However, despite expectations at the time that Pei would soon be made chancellor, Pei was never made chancellor. Still, Pei was promoted to be the minister of census (戶部尚書,
227:). It was said, though, that Pei was confident that he would become chancellor, and he was abusive in his language toward other officials. Further, when he subsequently grew ill, he was freely delivering items from the imperial treasury to his own home, but no one dared to speak against him. Pei died in fall 796, and it was said that no official mourned him, and many people actually celebrated, but Emperor Dezong mourned deeply and posthumously honored him. During the reign of Emperor Dezong's grandson
177:, and Zhang had him demoted to be the magistrate of Zhaoying County (昭應, near Chang'an). While he was serving there, there was an occasion when he had a disagreement with the mayor of Jingzhao Municipality (京兆, i.e., the Chang'an region), Zheng Shuze (鄭叔則), and he submitted a petition attacking Zheng. The chancellor
263:
Evil and wicked people had been harming the righteous ever since ancient times, but for someone who was so careless in his frivolousness and falsehood, as well as his jealousy of the talented and harmfulness to the good, no one could compare to Pei
Yanling and Huangfu Bo. Whenever I, your subject,
217:
It was said that only several officials whose responsibilities were directly related to Pei's — Zhang Pang (張滂) the director of the salt and iron monopolies, Li Chong (李充) the mayor of
Jingzhao, and Li Xian (李銛) the minister of agriculture — dared to speak out against him, in addition to Lu, who
222:
began to leak Lu's criticism to Pei, such that Pei was able to anticipate it and deflect it. Around the new year 796, Lu was removed from his chancellor position, and thereafter Pei began to strike back, accusing Zhang, Li Chong, and Li Xian of being Lu's partisans, spreading rumors to cause
218:
repeatedly submitted petitions attacking Pei. However, Emperor Dezong's trust in Pei was not shaken, and instead, he began to be disaffected from Lu, whose opinion he had deeply valued previously. Lu's criticism of Pei was further neutralized when his chancellor colleague
281:
It is not completely clear when Dong was made the prefect of Hua
Prefecture, but it was definitely during Emperor Dezong's reign, which began in 779, and he left his post in 783, so Pei's service under him would have occurred during those years. See
172:
and imperial scholar. Once Pei arrived at Chang'an, however, he did not wait for imperial orders to clarify his responsibilities and directly headed for Jixian
Institute to resume his duties there. This displeased the chancellor
209:
recommended Li Sun (李巽) as Ban's replacement, and
Emperor Dezong initially agreed. However, he soon changed his mind and wanted to replace Ban with Pei Yanling; he made Pei the deputy minister of census (戶部侍郎,
372:
329:
It is not clear when Dou became deputy chief imperial censor, but Li died in 789 and Dou was made chancellor at that time, and was exiled in 792, so the events must have occurred around those times. See
34:
and was in charge of financial matters. He drew severe criticism from traditional historical accounts for his frivolousness, fiscal irresponsibility, and attacks against other officials.
185:, who was jealous of Li and protective of Pei, sided with Pei in the dispute. As a result, Zheng was demoted to be a prefectural prefect, while Pei was recalled to serve as
554:
164:
was chancellor, Cui was in charge of the finances, and he sent Pei to
Luoyang to be in charge of the financial matters at the Luoyang branch government. After
971:
941:
547:
956:
189:(著作郎), an imperial librarian. When Dou subsequently became chancellor, he made Pei the deputy minister of imperial supplies (太府少卿,
966:
961:
540:
951:
946:
95:
526:
522:
481:
460:
299:
Lu served as chancellor from 781 to 783, so Pei's recall to Chang'an would have taken place during those years. See
498:
435:
348:
242:
145:
510:
397:
870:
228:
219:
43:
895:
865:
855:
835:
815:
750:
59:
31:
312:
Cui was only chancellor in 786, and therefore that commission would have occurred during that year. See
206:
128:. Later, when a regional surveyor recommended Pei for his abilities, Pei was recalled to the capital
141:
936:
931:
720:
680:
760:
745:
178:
90:
690:
505:
493:
427:
389:
251:
47:
22:(裴延齡) (728 – October 23, 796) was a Chinese economist, historian, and politician during the
439:
401:
232:
75:
517:
455:
174:
255:, commented thus about Pei and another official during the reign of Emperor Xianzong,
168:
took over the financial matters, Pei was recalled to Chang'an to resume his duties as
925:
860:
825:
780:
620:
615:
875:
735:
700:
595:
563:
54:). His father Pei Xu (裴旭) served as a prefectural prefect. Toward the end of the
23:
910:
830:
670:
610:
600:
590:
129:
78:
124:), he invited Pei Yanling to serve as his assistant in his role as defender of
905:
880:
845:
785:
740:
715:
710:
705:
640:
605:
580:
256:
890:
820:
805:
800:
795:
770:
765:
725:
665:
165:
125:
532:
900:
885:
850:
840:
810:
675:
650:
432:
394:
335:
317:
287:
113:
62:, Pei Yanling was serving as the sheriff of Sishui County (汜水, in modern
695:
660:
655:
645:
625:
575:
182:
161:
121:
71:
63:
264:
read
Chancellor Lu's comments on Pei, I always get emotional and weep.
790:
775:
730:
635:
630:
585:
246:
205:
In 792, Ban Hong (班宏) the director of finances died. The chancellor
156:) and an imperial scholar at Jixian Institute (集賢院); he later became
117:
51:
685:
160:(祠部郎中), a supervisorial official at the ministry of rites. While
86:
82:
67:
27:
536:
347:
Liu, in his comment, was presumably addressing his emperor,
152:(膳部員外郎), a low-level official at the ministry of rites (禮部,
116:
was serving as the prefect of Hua
Prefecture (華州, in modern
89:). During his time there, he edited the commentaries that
46:. His family was from Hezhong Municipality (河中, in modern
99:, and referred to himself as "Little Pei" in his remarks.
193:) and later the deputy minister of agriculture (司農少卿,
181:
favored Zheng, but the deputy chief imperial censor
136:(太常博士), a scholar at the ministry of worship (太常寺,
42:Pei Yanling was born in 728, during the reign of
261:
81:army. Pei fled to E Prefecture (鄂州, in modern
548:
8:
16:Chinese economist, historian, and politician
555:
541:
533:
473:
471:
469:
450:
448:
384:
382:
58:era (758-760) of Emperor Xuanzong's son
422:
420:
418:
416:
414:
412:
410:
364:
274:
108:Prior to becoming Minister of Finance
7:
70:), when the nearby eastern capital
14:
972:Tang dynasty government officials
942:8th-century Chinese historians
96:Records of the Grand Historian
30:. He was a close associate of
1:
103:During Emperor Dezong's reign
988:
349:Emperor Gaozu of Later Jin
957:Politicians from Yuncheng
571:
249:, the lead editor of the
148:, Pei was promoted to be
967:Tang dynasty historians
962:Tang dynasty economists
238:(繆, meaning "untrue").
952:Historians from Shanxi
947:Economists from Shanxi
266:
201:As Minister of Finance
102:
231:, Pei was given the
74:was captured by the
93:(裴駰) wrote for the
438:2008-06-21 at the
400:2009-02-02 at the
150:Shanbu Yuanwailang
919:
918:
979:
557:
550:
543:
534:
506:New Book of Tang
494:Old Book of Tang
485:
475:
464:
452:
443:
428:Old Book of Tang
424:
405:
390:New Book of Tang
386:
377:
376:
369:
352:
345:
339:
332:Old Book of Tang
327:
321:
314:Old Book of Tang
310:
304:
301:Old Book of Tang
297:
291:
284:Old Book of Tang
279:
252:Old Book of Tang
229:Emperor Xianzong
44:Emperor Xuanzong
987:
986:
982:
981:
980:
978:
977:
976:
922:
921:
920:
915:
567:
561:
489:
488:
476:
467:
453:
446:
440:Wayback Machine
425:
408:
402:Wayback Machine
387:
380:
371:
370:
366:
361:
356:
355:
346:
342:
328:
324:
311:
307:
298:
294:
280:
276:
271:
233:posthumous name
203:
195:Sinong Shaoqing
110:
105:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
985:
983:
975:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
924:
923:
917:
916:
914:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
572:
569:
568:
562:
560:
559:
552:
545:
537:
531:
530:
518:Zizhi Tongjian
514:
502:
487:
486:
478:Zizhi Tongjian
465:
456:Zizhi Tongjian
444:
406:
378:
363:
362:
360:
357:
354:
353:
340:
322:
305:
292:
273:
272:
270:
267:
202:
199:
191:Taifu Shaoqing
175:Zhang Yanshang
170:Cibu Langzhong
158:Cibu Langzhong
134:Taichang Boshi
109:
106:
104:
101:
60:Emperor Suzong
39:
36:
32:Emperor Dezong
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
984:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
929:
927:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
861:Zhang Yanyuan
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
826:Xiao Zhizhong
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
781:Wei Chengqing
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
621:Fang Xuanling
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
573:
570:
565:
558:
553:
551:
546:
544:
539:
538:
535:
528:
524:
520:
519:
515:
512:
508:
507:
503:
500:
496:
495:
491:
490:
483:
479:
474:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
457:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
434:
430:
429:
423:
421:
419:
417:
415:
413:
411:
407:
403:
399:
396:
392:
391:
385:
383:
379:
374:
368:
365:
358:
350:
344:
341:
337:
333:
326:
323:
319:
315:
309:
306:
302:
296:
293:
289:
285:
278:
275:
268:
265:
260:
258:
254:
253:
248:
244:
239:
237:
234:
230:
226:
225:Hubu Shangshu
221:
215:
213:
208:
200:
198:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
107:
100:
98:
97:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
37:
35:
33:
29:
25:
21:
876:Zhao Yanzhao
755:
736:Lu Xiangxian
701:Linghu Defen
596:Chu Suiliang
564:Tang dynasty
516:
504:
492:
477:
454:
426:
388:
367:
343:
331:
325:
313:
308:
300:
295:
283:
277:
262:
250:
240:
235:
224:
216:
212:Hubu Shilang
211:
204:
194:
190:
186:
169:
157:
153:
149:
137:
133:
132:to serve as
111:
94:
55:
41:
24:Tang dynasty
19:
18:
911:Zhu Qinming
831:Xu Jingzong
756:Pei Yanling
671:Li Chunfeng
611:Cui Shenyou
601:Cui Guicong
591:Chen Yixing
303:, vol. 135.
138:Taichang Si
20:Pei Yanling
937:796 deaths
932:728 births
926:Categories
906:Zhu Jingze
881:Zheng Lang
846:Yao Silian
786:Wei Chuhou
741:Niu Sengru
716:Liu Congyi
711:Liu Youqiu
706:Linghu Tao
641:Jiang Shen
616:Fan Lübing
606:Cui Renshi
581:Cen Wenben
566:historians
359:References
257:Huangfu Bo
245:historian
187:Zhuzuolang
146:chancellor
38:Background
896:Zheng Yin
891:Zheng Tan
871:Zhang Yue
821:Xiao Song
806:Wei Zhiyi
801:Wei Zhigu
796:Wei Zheng
771:Sima Zhen
766:Quan Deyu
726:Liu Zhiji
666:Li Baiyao
243:Later Jin
220:Zhao Jing
166:Han Huang
140:). When
126:Tong Pass
901:Zhou Chi
886:Zheng Su
866:Zhang Yi
856:Zhang Xi
851:Yuan Zai
841:Yang Wan
836:Yang Yan
816:Xiao Hua
811:Wu Sansi
676:Li Dashi
651:Li Linfu
521:, vols.
511:vol. 167
499:vol. 135
482:vol. 235
461:vol. 234
436:Archived
433:vol. 135
398:Archived
395:vol. 167
336:vol. 136
318:vol. 130
288:vol. 145
130:Chang'an
114:Dong Jin
56:Qianyuan
48:Yuncheng
761:Qi Kang
751:Pei Xiu
721:Liu Zhi
696:Li Yifu
691:Li Xian
661:Li Anqi
656:Li Shen
646:Li Jifu
626:Guan Bo
576:Cao Que
373:"中央研究院"
183:Dou Can
162:Cui Zao
122:Shaanxi
91:Pei Yin
72:Luoyang
64:Luoyang
791:Wei Mo
776:Su Gui
746:Pei Ji
731:Lu Sui
681:Li Kui
636:Jia Su
631:Han Yu
586:Cen Xi
247:Liu Xu
207:Lu Zhi
118:Weinan
52:Shanxi
686:Li Bi
269:Notes
179:Li Mi
142:Lu Qi
112:When
87:Hubei
83:Ezhou
76:rebel
68:Henan
28:China
241:The
236:Miao
154:Libu
144:was
527:235
523:234
197:).
79:Yan
26:of
928::
525:,
509:,
497:,
480:,
468:^
459:,
447:^
431:,
409:^
393:,
381:^
334:,
316:,
286:,
259::
120:,
85:,
66:,
50:,
556:e
549:t
542:v
529:.
513:.
501:.
484:.
463:.
442:.
404:.
375:.
351:.
338:.
320:.
290:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.