536:). Li Sheng, fearing Tufan treachery, instructed Hun to be careful, but Zhang, hearing this, accused Li Sheng of interfering with the peace with Tufan. Emperor Dezong thus instructed Hun to relax, not to aggravate Tufan in any way. On July 8, 787, at the meeting site, Shang laid a trap for Hun and launched a sudden attack, killing and capturing many of Hun's attendants, but Hun escaped. When the news reached Chang'an, Emperor Dezong was so panicked that he considered fleeing Chang'an, but remained due to Li Sheng's advice. As a result of this debacle, Zhang claimed an illness and retired, while Emperor Dezong recalled Ma to the capital and stripped him of his command. Subsequently, the reduction in officer ranks was reversed under the advice of another chancellor,
266:). At that time, there was a drought in the circuit, and a large number of the people were trying to depart for other regions. Zhang's subordinates detained them, but Zhang, pointing out that the people should be given the opportunity to survive the drought, allowed them to leave and, in their absence, kept their houses maintained and exempted them from taxes. As a result, many returned thereafter. He later left governmental service when his mother died, to observe a period of mourning for her. After the mourning period was over, he was recalled to serve as the military governor of Jingnan Circuit (荊南, headquartered in modern
564:. He informed this to Emperor Dezong, intimating that Li Shēng was having an affair with Princess Gao. When Emperor Dezong asked Li Mi to investigate this, however, Li Mi correctly guessed that it was Zhang who informed Emperor Dezong of this and suggested no investigation, pointing out that Zhang's accusations also appeared to be intended to endanger Li Song. Emperor Dezong agreed, and thereafter moved Li Shēng to the position of head of Li Song's household, away from Princess Gao.
230:). During the Anshi Rebellion, Luoyang suffered greatly from the wars, and much of it was in ruins. It was said that Zhang was diligent and hardworking, and he ruled simply. He also reopened the canals and rebuilt the palaces and imperial temples. Within several years, refugees returned, and Luoyang returned to prosperity. Emperor Daizong thus praised him in an edict. In 770, when the office of deputy supreme commander of the Henan, Huaixi (淮西, headquartered in modern
449:), therefore, held a feast for Zhang and Li, hoping to dissolve their enmity. Both agreed, and Li further tried to dissolve Zhang's resentment by endorsing him as chancellor. In spring 787, Emperor Dezong, accordingly, made Zhang a chancellor. However, while Zhang agreed to dissolve his resentment, the resentment persisted, and when Li requested that Zhang give a daughter to one of his sons in marriage, Zhang refused, causing Li to comment:
503:), and then Liu, to serve as the new commander of defense forces on the borders with Tufan, both Li Baozhen and Liu declined. Meanwhile, Zhang also drew resentment from other officials when he made major cuts into the ranks of prefectural and county officials — eliminating about 1,000 positions — hoping to use the savings in reduced salaries for military purposes, despite objections from Ma, Wei Lun (
557:) — which formed when they governed neighboring circuits, led Zhang to carry out some additional actions intended to bring down Li Shuming. At that time, Li Shuming's son Li Shēng (李昇, note different tone and character than the great general) was repeatedly seen visiting Emperor Dezong's aunt Princess Gao, whose daughter was the wife and crown princess of Emperor Dezong's son and
423:). Emperor Dezong also had been suspicious of Li due to his longtime hold on the loyalty of the army, as well as various rumors fostered by Tufan agents that Li was planning treason. Li, hearing that Emperor Dezong was suspecting him, offered to resign his post as military governor of Fengxiang Circuit (鳳翔, headquartered in modern
491:) and relieved him of all of his military duties. It was said that once Li returned to Chang'an, despite the suspicions that he was under, he nevertheless spoke honestly whenever he had opinions about the matters of state. In light of Zhang's involvement in Li's command being lifted, subsequently, when Zhang wanted
252:) submitted a number of accusations against Yuan, and Yuan's associates, in turn, accused Li of false accusations and had him arrested and detained at the office of the imperial censors. Zhang disapproved of the action and did not want to be involved, and he was sent to Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern
383:
was seriously ill (and Liu would die later in the year), Emperor Dezong thus recalled Zhang to Chang'an, intending to make him an actual chancellor. Li Sheng, still displeased with Zhang, submitted a petition accusing Zhang of a number of crimes, and
Emperor Dezong, not willing to go against Li's
591:
Zhang
Yanshang served at four circuits, and wherever he went, the people praised him for his love. After he became chancellor, however, he gave in to his emotions and acted in hatred, and therefore did not meet people's expectations. He also died early, and was unable to accomplish much as
90:
Your
Imperial Majesty treated your chancellors with honor, when you commission them and when you remove them. Even after their deaths, their descendants are allowed to serve you. Zhang Jiazhen had a son named Zhang Baofu when he was old, and Zhang Baofu does not yet have a
453:
Military men are more straightforward. Once they release their resentment when drinking, they will no longer hold it in their chests. This is unlike civilians; even though on the outside, there is resolution of anger, but the resentment remains inside. How can I not fear
342:), attacked and killed Zhang Ku, that Zhang Yanshang was able to return to Chengdu. It was said that Zhang followed the law and ruled the circuit leniently, allowing the people of the circuit to recover from the wars that had ravaged the circuit ever since Anshi Rebellion.
316:) were in Xichuan to aid Xichuan forces; they were ultimately able to repel Tufan and Nanzhao attacks. (At the end of the campaign, however, there was a serious dispute between Zhang and Li Sheng — Li Sheng had, after the campaign, taken the military prostitute Gao Hong (
95:
Emperor
Xuanzong, hearing this, was saddened, and he summoned Zhang Baofu and made him an army officer. Emperor Xuanzong also gave him a new name — Yanshang, meaning "extended favor." It was said that Zhang Yanshang was well-versed in the
192:
became a dominant figure at court. As Yuan had been recommended by Miao
Jinqing, he treated Zhang Yanshang, as Miao's son-in-law, with kindness. When Emperor Daizong was forced to flee to Shan Prefecture (陝州, in modern
473:, used Li's opposition against the Tufan alliance to remove Li from his post at Fengxiang. Zhang recommended Zheng, but Emperor Dezong allowed Li to recommend his successor; Li recommended his officer Xing Junya (
322:) with him. Zhang, angry with this, sent messengers to chase after Li Sheng's army to demand Gao back, thus causing a grudge between Li Sheng and Zhang.) In 783, there was a mutiny by his subordinate Zhang Ku (
780:
71:
under
Emperor Xuanzong and continued to serve in prominent positions after his removal in 723. Zhang Jiazhen died in 729, however, when Zhang Baofu was only two years old. Near the end of Emperor Xuanzong's
609:
462:, who had already offended Emperor Dezong by his honest words, and Zhang opined to Emperor Dezong that Qi did not have the talent to be a chancellor. Emperor Dezong demoted Qi to be a prefectural prefect.
242:) Regions was abolished, the troops formerly attached to that office were transferred to Zhang. Subsequently, Zhang was recalled to Chang'an to serve as chief imperial censor (御史大夫,
328:), who had been posted in the mountains in the west of Chengdu in defense against Tufan. Zhang Ku attacked Chengdu, forcing Zhang Yanshang to flee to Han Prefecture (漢州, in modern
172:), Zhang served as the deputy mayor of Taiyuan Municipality under Wang. He was later recalled to Chang'an to serve as a low-level official at the ministry of justice (刑部,
888:
883:
878:
863:
469:, who also had a grudge against Li, advocated for peace for Tufan, which Li had opposed. Emperor Dezong, who personally favored an alliance with Tufan against
567:
Zhang died in winter 787 and was given posthumous honors. He was also given the posthumous name of
Chengsu (成肅, meaning "successful and solemn"). His son
164:
Circuit, requested to have Zhang serve as his assistant, and when Wang was later made the military governor of Hedong
Circuit (河東, headquartered in modern
369:
in fall 784, Emperor Dezong relied on supplies from
Xichuan Circuit, and in summer 784, he gave Zhang the honorary chancellor designation of
417:) than when marrying Zhang Yu's wife to him, became an associate of Zhang's, as did another subordinate of Li's, Zheng Yunkui (
290:. Later that year, Emperor Dezong made Zhang Yanshang the military governor of Xichuan Circuit (西川, headquartered in modern
431:), in winter 786 when he was Chang'an. Emperor Dezong declined, and instead requested the intervention of the chancellor
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
767:
751:
735:
706:
690:
401:
By 786, however, Zhang was beginning to gain the upper hand against Li in their struggle, as Li's son-in-law Zhang Yu (
873:
868:
68:
36:
572:
561:
104:, who later served as a chancellor as well, was impressed with his talent and gave him a daughter in marriage.
52:
366:
307:
185:
287:
117:
40:
298:) and the mayor of its capital Chengdu Municipality. During this time, when Xichuan was under attack by
56:
246:). While he was serving in that role, there was an occasion when the junior official Li Shaoliang (
226:
In 767, Zhang was made the mayor of Henan
Municipality (河南, i.e., the region of the eastern capital
858:
853:
537:
488:
303:
97:
239:
528:, as Emperor Dezong's emissary, was set to meet with Shang at Pingliangchuan (平涼川, in modern
804:
792:
667:
632:
583:
275:
76:
era (713-741), the mayor of Jingzhao Municipality (京兆, i.e., the region of the Tang capital
260:) to serve as its military governor as well as the prefect of its capital Yang Prefecture (
201:) in 763, at Yuan's recommendation, Emperor Daizong made Zhang an imperial attendant (給事中,
349:
and was forced to flee Chang'an. During the times that he was at Fengtian (奉天, in modern
113:
816:
685:
568:
299:
128:), and while there, he made Zhang Yanshang an imperial censor, initially with the rank
847:
86:), who had previously been recommended by Zhang Jiazhen, stated to Emperor Xuanzong:
64:
558:
101:
365:), until he was able to return to Chang'an after Zhu was defeated by the general
100:
and histories and he also became known for administrative talent. The official
77:
578:
492:
380:
529:
432:
231:
194:
161:
60:
571:
later served as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Dezong's grandson
336:). It was only after another subordinate of Zhang Yanshang's, Chigan Sui (
549:) the military governor of Dongchuan Circuit (東川, headquartered in modern
809:
797:
672:
637:
550:
525:
496:
358:
350:
267:
253:
189:
156:
441:), the military governor of Xuanwu Circuit (宣武, headquartered in modern
554:
459:
442:
428:
362:
354:
345:
At that time, Emperor Dezong was faced with a rebellion by the general
333:
295:
291:
257:
227:
165:
125:
219:), a mid-level official at the legislative bureau of government (中書省,
500:
495:
the military governor of Zhaoyi Circuit (昭義, headquartered in modern
466:
346:
329:
169:
518:
By summer 787, Emperor Dezong and Tufan's chancellor Shang Jiezan (
205:). Soon thereafter, he became deputy chief imperial censor (御史中丞,
533:
470:
446:
424:
408:
271:
235:
198:
121:
407:), displeased that Li had held a grander ceremony and given more
543:
Meanwhile, Zhang's rivalry with another official — Li Shuming (
465:
Around the same time, Han died, and both Zhang and the general
458:
Later in 787, Zhang, in conflict with his chancellor colleague
435:, who was friendly with LI. Han and the general Liu Xuanzuo (
184:
After Emperor Suzong died in 762 and was succeeded by his son
286:
Emperor Daizong died in 779 and was succeeded by his son
479:). Emperor Dezong recalled Li to Chang'an to serve as
154:), who then carried the title of military governor (
394:), one of the heads of the executive bureau (尚書省,
524:) had negotiated a peace treaty, and the general
51:Zhang Baofu was born in 727, during the reign of
120:was, for some time, at Fengxiang (鳳翔, in modern
589:
451:
88:
357:) and then at Liang Prefecture (梁州, in modern
238:), and Shannan (i.e., the region south of the
544:
519:
510:
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436:
418:
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149:
143:
133:
81:
30:
20:
8:
411:when marrying another daughter to Cui Shu (
384:wishes, for the time being only made Zhang
306:forces, and imperial forces, commanded by
35:), was a Chinese politician serving as a
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
717:
715:
55:. His family traced its ancestry to the
889:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Xichuan Circuit
884:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Jingnan Circuit
879:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Huainan Circuit
864:Chancellors under Emperor Dezong of Tang
627:
625:
623:
621:
619:
274:), as well as the mayor of its capital,
662:
660:
658:
656:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
601:
148:). Thereafter, the general Wang Sili (
116:, Emperor Xuanzong's son and successor
7:
14:
371:Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi
379:). In 785, when the chancellor
25:) (727 – September 7, 787), né
587:, commented thus about Zhang:
180:During Emperor Daizong's reign
1:
282:During Emperor Dezong's reign
108:During Emperor Suzong's reign
905:
581:, the lead editor of the
545:
520:
511:
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475:
437:
419:
413:
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338:
324:
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215:
150:
144:
134:
82:
31:
21:
594:
456:
93:
67:had previously been a
281:
179:
107:
597:Notes and references
509:), and Bai Zhizhen (
39:during the reign of
489:Three Excellencies
140:Dianzhong Shiyushi
98:Confucian classics
874:Mayors of Luoyang
869:Mayors of Chengdu
240:Qinling Mountains
188:, the chancellor
80:), Han Chaozong (
896:
805:New Book of Tang
793:Old Book of Tang
785:
784:
777:
771:
761:
755:
745:
739:
729:
710:
700:
694:
682:
676:
668:Old Book of Tang
664:
641:
633:New Book of Tang
629:
614:
613:
606:
584:New Book of Tang
573:Emperor Xianzong
548:
547:
523:
522:
514:
513:
508:
507:
487:(太尉, one of the
478:
477:
440:
439:
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393:
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378:
377:
341:
340:
327:
326:
321:
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264:
251:
250:
218:
217:
207:Yushi Zhongcheng
153:
152:
147:
146:
137:
136:
85:
84:
53:Emperor Xuanzong
34:
33:
24:
23:
904:
903:
899:
898:
897:
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893:
844:
843:
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779:
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730:
713:
701:
697:
683:
679:
665:
644:
630:
617:
608:
607:
603:
599:
284:
211:Zhongshu Sheren
186:Emperor Daizong
182:
114:Anshi Rebellion
110:
49:
12:
11:
5:
902:
900:
892:
891:
886:
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846:
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817:Zizhi Tongjian
813:
801:
787:
786:
772:
764:Zizhi Tongjian
756:
748:Zizhi Tongjian
740:
732:Zizhi Tongjian
711:
703:Zizhi Tongjian
695:
686:Zizhi Tongjian
677:
642:
615:
600:
598:
595:
569:Zhang Hongjing
396:Shangshu Sheng
288:Emperor Dezong
283:
280:
278:Municipality.
221:Zhongshu Sheng
181:
178:
118:Emperor Suzong
109:
106:
63:. His father
48:
45:
41:Emperor Dezong
17:Zhang Yanshang
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
901:
890:
887:
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882:
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867:
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839:
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823:
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749:
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741:
737:
733:
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574:
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563:
560:
556:
552:
541:
539:
535:
531:
527:
516:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
481:Zhongshu Ling
472:
468:
463:
461:
455:
450:
448:
444:
434:
430:
426:
410:
399:
397:
387:
382:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
343:
335:
331:
310:and Qu Huan (
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
279:
277:
273:
269:
259:
255:
245:
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163:
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141:
131:
130:Jiancha Yushi
127:
123:
119:
115:
105:
103:
99:
92:
87:
79:
75:
70:
66:
65:Zhang Jiazhen
62:
58:
54:
46:
44:
42:
38:
28:
18:
815:
803:
791:
775:
763:
759:
747:
743:
731:
702:
698:
684:
680:
666:
631:
604:
590:
582:
577:
566:
559:crown prince
542:
517:
484:
480:
464:
457:
452:
400:
395:
385:
370:
344:
285:
243:
225:
220:
210:
206:
202:
183:
173:
155:
139:
129:
111:
102:Miao Jinqing
94:
89:
73:
50:
26:
16:
15:
592:chancellor.
244:Yushi Daifu
138:), then as
112:During the
91:commission.
57:Jin Dynasty
27:Zhang Baofu
859:787 deaths
854:727 births
848:Categories
579:Ouyang Xiu
493:Li Baozhen
381:Liu Congyi
203:Jishizhong
69:chancellor
47:Background
37:chancellor
530:Pingliang
433:Han Huang
386:Zuo Pushe
276:Jiangling
232:Zhumadian
195:Sanmenxia
162:Guanzhong
61:Zhang Hua
59:official
820:, vols.
810:vol. 127
798:vol. 129
768:vol. 230
752:vol. 229
736:vol. 232
707:vol. 226
691:vol. 224
673:vol. 129
638:vol. 127
551:Mianyang
526:Hun Jian
497:Changzhi
376:同中書門下平章事
367:Li Sheng
359:Hanzhong
351:Xianyang
308:Li Sheng
268:Jingzhou
254:Yangzhou
190:Yuan Zai
157:Jiedushi
78:Chang'an
781:"中央研究院"
610:"中央研究院"
562:Li Song
555:Sichuan
460:Qi Ying
443:Kaifeng
429:Shaanxi
363:Shaanxi
355:Shaanxi
334:Sichuan
304:Nanzhao
296:Sichuan
292:Chengdu
258:Jiangsu
228:Luoyang
166:Taiyuan
126:Shaanxi
74:Kaiyuan
501:Shanxi
485:Taiwei
467:Ma Sui
347:Zhu Ci
330:Deyang
209:) and
174:Xingbu
170:Shanxi
538:Li Mi
534:Gansu
471:Huige
454:this?
447:Henan
425:Baoji
409:dowry
300:Tufan
272:Hubei
236:Henan
199:Henan
160:) of
145:殿中侍御史
122:Baoji
483:and
302:and
216:中書舍人
135:監察御史
838:232
834:230
830:229
826:226
822:224
546:李叔明
521:尚結贊
515:).
512:白志貞
476:邢君牙
438:劉玄佐
420:鄭雲逵
398:).
391:左僕射
339:叱干遂
249:李少良
223:).
176:).
151:王思禮
83:韓朝宗
32:張寶符
22:張延賞
850::
836:,
832:,
828:,
824:,
808:,
796:,
766:,
750:,
734:,
714:^
705:,
689:,
671:,
645:^
636:,
618:^
575:.
553:,
540:.
532:,
506:韋倫
499:,
445:,
427:,
414:崔樞
404:張彧
361:,
353:,
332:,
325:張朏
319:高洪
313:曲環
294:,
270:,
263:揚州
256:,
234:,
197:,
168:,
124:,
43:.
840:.
812:.
800:.
783:.
770:.
754:.
738:.
709:.
693:.
675:.
640:.
612:.
388:(
373:(
213:(
142:(
132:(
29:(
19:(
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