66:
25:
168:
378:
NOTE: this suffix is from the word 婊子 biǎozi "prostitute", so at first word suffixed with 婊 were used to describe only women, but recently it can be used to describe both men and women, for example, 圣母婊 shèngmǔbiǎo, which means people who pretend to be as merciful as goddesses on the
Internet, from
371:), e.g. 二逼èrbī"dullard" (from 二 èr, which means "dull" in some dialects), 傻逼 shǎbī "fool" (from 傻 shǎ "foolish"), 骚逼 sāobī "bitch" (from 骚sāo "coquettish")
374:-婊 biǎo, e.g. 绿茶婊 lǜchábiǎo (used to describe a lascivious girl who pretends to be innocent, from 绿茶 lǜchá "green tea", which symbolizes innocence)
192:
83:
38:
979:
228:
210:
149:
52:
260:(see below). It can also convey the sense of "a despicable human having the preceding characteristic"; for instance, as in English
969:
130:
102:
87:
109:
249:
that attaches a negative meaning to the word or word-stem preceding it. There is frequent overlap between this and the
183:
389:-货 huò , e.g. 贱货 jiànhuò "contemptible wretch" (from 贱 jiàn "contemptible"), 饿货 èhuò "hungry guy" (from 饿 è "hungry")
116:
76:
1006:
98:
44:
945:
178:
256:
The pejorative suffix may add the sense of "a despicable example of the preceding," as in
Spanish
123:
975:
717:
386:-鬼 guǐ, e.g. 色鬼 sèguǐ" lewdster"(from 色 sè "lewd"), 醉鬼 zuìguǐ "drunkard" (from 醉 zuì "drunk")
1001:
956:
360:
294:
383:-棍 gùn, e.g.淫棍 yíngùn" lewdster"(from 淫 yín "lewd"), 恶棍 ègùn "bad guy", (from 恶 è "evil")
918:
995:
530:
323:-astre -astres (fem. -astra -astres) Suffixed to nouns gives new nouns. Example:
932:
455:
65:
312:-arro -arros (fem. -arra -arras) Suffixed to nouns gives new nouns. Example:
471:
424:
250:
507:
487:
400:
368:
738:
334:-ot -ots (fem. -ota -otes) Suffixed to nouns gives new nouns. Example:
863:, clown); like the suffix -ejo, can also be used for endearment, as in
809:
350:"ugly"). As a suffix it also means "object", giving a lexicalized word.
773:
747:
441:
246:
331:"poet"). This suffix has also the meaning "indirect relation with".
721:, dramatic term for an unrelentingly bleak cinematic style (from
503:(via Yiddish or Russian, where it is not necessarily pejorative)
342:"shoe"). Suffixed to adjectives gives new adjectives. Example:
161:
59:
18:
301:-alla -alles Suffixed to nouns gives new nouns. Examples:
448:, perhaps influenced by the similar non-productive suffix
309:"people"). It's also used as a collective (group) suffix.
807:"book"); however, -ejo can also show endearment, as in
715:-uxa (уха), pejorative for non-personal nouns, e.g.
320:"voice"). It's also used as an augmentative suffix.
90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
633:-aster, denoting fraudulent resemblance, e.g.
16:Suffixes forming insults in various languages
8:
264:(see below) or the development of the word
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
728:-jaga (яга), pejorative for persons, e.g.
878:"speech")(used mostly as an augmentative)
229:Learn how and when to remove this message
211:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
910:
519:(from Middle English, from Old French)
919:"Bill Casselman's Words of the World"
280:and thus to the modern English word.
7:
957:Tore Nesset "Ideology in inflection"
88:adding citations to reliable sources
933:"Online Etymology Dictionary: -ard"
750:labor-camp prisoners nearing death)
619:) "That damn monster!" or 「可愛いやつめ」(
971:Gogol: Plays and Selected Writings
14:
974:. Northwestern University Press.
637:"one who plays the father" (from
34:This article has multiple issues.
166:
64:
23:
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
669:"low-quality newspaper" (from
597:-accio(a) (or -uccio/a), e.g.
188:The article is in list format.
1:
736:(excessively modest person),
820:"bad (unknown) singer (from
276:, taken into Anglo-Saxon as
186:. The specific problem is:
1023:
182:to meet Knowledge (XXG)'s
874:"long dull speech" (from
742:(style-hunter, hipster),
646:Ojibwe (Anishinaabemowin)
363:has pejorative suffixes.
297:has pejorative suffixes.
764:"large ugly bird" (from
968:Gogol, Nikolai (1980).
803:"worthless book" (from
615:-め (-me), e.g. 「化け物め」 (
367:-屄 (or commonly 逼) bī (
732:(miser or skinflint),
698:"wretched life" (from
529:
506:
486:
470:
454:
423:
399:
859:"annoying guy" (from
538:"foul weather" (from
795:"podunk town" (from
623:) "That darn cutie!"
583:"seasickness" (from
193:improve this article
84:improve this article
379:圣母shèngmǔ"goddess"
99:"Pejorative suffix"
892:-zuelo (a), e.g.,
847:"large guy" (from
680:"bad judge" (from
881:-ucho (a), e.g.,
601:"ugly mug" (from
483:(via Old English)
420:(via Old French)
243:pejorative suffix
239:
238:
231:
221:
220:
213:
184:quality standards
175:This article may
160:
159:
152:
134:
57:
1014:
1007:Pejorative terms
986:
985:
965:
959:
954:
948:
946:Anishinaabemowin
943:
937:
936:
929:
923:
922:
915:
816:-illo(a), e.g.,
784:"raghead" (from
746:(goner, said of
444:abstracted from
361:Chinese language
295:Catalan language
268:from Old French
234:
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917:
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870:-ote(a), e.g.,
791:-ejo(a), e.g.,
760:-aco(a), e.g.,
757:
709:
691:
662:
648:
630:
621:kawaii yatsu-me
612:
594:
572:"gossip" (from
568:-ā (-wā), e.g.
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526:
436:, "Trumptard",
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896:"whore" (from
890:
885:"hovel" (from
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546:"hovel" (from
525:
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465:philosophaster
452:
440:—a productive
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855:(simpleton),
854:
850:
846:
843:-on(a), e.g.
842:
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835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
812:
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802:
799:"place") and
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712:-iška (ишка)
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201:December 2018
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140:November 2009
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101: –
100:
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95:Find sources:
89:
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79:
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73:This article
71:
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62:
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56:
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47:
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941:
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886:
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875:
871:
867:, big party.
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
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837:
834:cancioncilla
833:
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781:
777:
769:
765:
761:
743:
737:
733:
729:
722:
716:
699:
695:
694:-asso, e.g.
681:
677:
676:-inho, e.g.
673:"newspaper")
670:
666:
652:
638:
634:
620:
616:
602:
598:
584:
580:
573:
569:
555:
554:"cur" (from
551:
547:
543:
542:"weather"),
539:
535:
516:
512:
500:
496:
492:
480:
476:
464:
460:
449:
445:
437:
434:conspiratard
433:
429:
417:
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358:
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328:
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191:Please help
187:
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127:
120:
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106:
94:
82:Please help
77:verification
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
824:"singer"),
818:cantantillo
730:skuperdjaga
665:-eco, e.g.
651:-ish, e.g.
617:bakemono-me
467:(via Latin)
272:"cuckoo" +
195:if you can.
996:Categories
905:References
894:mujerzuela
872:discursote
826:pistolilla
780:"black"),
744:dokhodjaga
734:skromnjaga
660:Portuguese
579:-ea, e.g.
550:"house"),
251:diminutive
110:newspapers
39:improve it
851:"long"),
845:larguchón
762:pajarraco
689:Provençal
667:jornaleco
641:"father")
635:patraster
599:boccaccia
524:Esperanto
461:poetaster
369:profanity
325:poetastra
45:talk page
900:"woman")
889:"house")
876:discurso
840:"song").
832:"gun"),
822:cantante
793:lugarejo
788:"Moor").
776:" (from
768:"bird),
739:stiljaga
725:"black")
684:"judge")
678:juizinho
610:Japanese
605:"mouth")
563:Hawaiian
536:veteraĉo
493:peacenik
430:Paultard
418:drunkard
414:sluggard
303:gentalla
284:Examples
278:cokewald
177:require
1002:Grammar
883:casucha
865:fiestón
857:payasón
853:simplon
838:canción
830:pistola
810:festejo
801:librejo
770:negraco
755:Spanish
718:černuxa
707:Russian
702:"life")
696:vidasso
653:animosh
592:Italian
576:"news")
552:hundaĉo
534:, e.g.
517:wastrel
513:mongrel
511:, e.g.
501:beatnik
497:neatnik
491:, e.g.
481:oldster
477:hipster
475:, e.g.
459:, e.g.
438:libtard
428:, e.g.
410:dullard
404:, e.g.
394:English
355:Chinese
344:lletjot
336:sabatot
314:veuarra
289:Catalan
266:cuckold
179:cleanup
124:scholar
978:
861:payaso
836:(from
828:(from
782:moraco
774:nigger
766:pájaro
748:Kolyma
671:jornal
587:"wet")
581:poluea
558:"dog")
544:domaĉo
540:vetero
456:-aster
446:retard
442:libfix
406:coward
346:(from
340:sabata
338:(from
327:(from
316:(from
305:(from
253:form.
247:suffix
126:
119:
112:
105:
97:
898:mujer
849:largo
805:libro
797:lugar
778:negro
723:čern-
655:"dog"
639:pater
628:Latin
603:bocca
570:lonoā
556:hundo
472:-ster
425:-tard
348:lleig
329:poeta
245:is a
131:JSTOR
117:books
976:ISBN
887:casa
786:moro
700:vido
682:juiz
585:polu
574:lono
548:domo
531:-aĉ-
508:-rel
488:-nik
450:-ard
401:-ard
359:The
307:gent
293:The
274:-ald
270:cocu
258:-ejo
103:news
318:veu
262:-el
86:by
998::
515:,
499:,
495:,
479:,
463:,
432:,
416:,
412:,
408:,
241:A
48:.
984:.
935:.
921:.
813:.
772:"
232:)
226:(
214:)
208:(
203:)
199:(
153:)
147:(
142:)
138:(
128:·
121:·
114:·
107:·
80:.
55:)
51:(
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