400:. Dolan sent around a newspaper article in which Buchanan openly says: "American workers and people first." When Dolan's actions and viewpoint were criticised from the grassroots level, Michael Morrill, the coordinator of the American PGA caravan, took his side. "Let's work together when we can, work in parallel when we must, but never work against each other when our goal is the elimination of the WTO and its corporate benefactors."
22:
462:
The principles of decentralisation and autonomy adopted by many within radical movements can also, unintentionally and remediably, be exclusionary. Many radical groups have anarchist principles behind them - non-hierarchical, consensus decision-making, often no formal structure. One problem with this
168:
The
Zapatistas called for a gathering, called an 'encuentro' (encounter), of international grassroots movements to meet in specially constructed arenas in the Chiapas jungle to discuss common tactics, problems and solutions. Six thousand people attended, from over 40 countries, and declared that they
383:
The first version of the first PGA hallmark called for "A very clear rejection of the WTO and other trade liberalisation agreements (like APEC, the EU, NAFTA, etc.) as active promoters of a socially and environmentally destructive globalisation;)" This was critiqued for being too broad, and allowing
471:
and unwritten rules. Every action involves a decision and a choice and it is important that these are open. For example, saying that we cannot exclude fascists from gatherings involves a choice - if people are allowed to say overtly racist comments, you exclude people of color, or at least prevent
347:(French Farmers Union), who were arrested and sentenced to 6 months imprisonment. In Geneva we marched at the WTO office, shouting “Kill the WTO”. In Rome we protested at the FAO headquarters, and at the G8 Summit in Germany we engaged in a laughing protest as part of a global day of action."
329:
In 1999, the PGA organized an
Intercontinental Caravan that brought 450 representatives of grassroots movements from the Global South (particularly India, but also Brazil, Mexico, Bangladesh and Chile) to visit 12 European countries, meet with grassroots European movements and conduct joint
334:
and
European activists. An interview with an Indian participant from Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha (KRRS), explained, "We took part in 63 direct actions and 85 public meetings, and visited 38 farms ending at the G8 summit in Köln, Germany. In France we uprooted a GM rice trial with
227:
Peoples' Global Action had three main types of activities. Global Days of Action, Intercontinental/International and
Regional Conferences, and Caravans through which activists from one part of the world, would travel to another part of the world to build solidarity.
236:
So far, PGA's major function has been to serve as a political space for coordinating decentralised Global Action Days around the world, to highlight the global resistance of popular movements to capitalist globalisation. The first Global Action Days, during the 2nd
119:
1040:
Routledge, Paul, and Andrew
Cumbers, 'People’s Global Action (Asia): peasant solidarity as horizontal networking?', Global Justice Networks: Geographies of Transnational Solidarity (Manchester, 2009; online edn, Manchester Scholarship Online, 19 July
794:
Routledge, Paul, and Andrew
Cumbers, 'People’s Global Action (Asia): peasant solidarity as horizontal networking?', Global Justice Networks: Geographies of Transnational Solidarity (Manchester, 2009; online edn, Manchester Scholarship Online, 19 July
753:
Routledge, Paul, and Andrew
Cumbers, 'People’s Global Action (Asia): peasant solidarity as horizontal networking?', Global Justice Networks: Geographies of Transnational Solidarity (Manchester, 2009; online edn, Manchester Scholarship Online, 19 July
218:
The PGA used a horizontalist form of organizing, influenced by anarchist political models that saw the means and the ends as aligned. In part its structure and mode of organizing was developed as a critique of ‘vertical’ or authoritarian movements.
463:
is that it is often used to dismiss talk of what 'the movement' can do about issues of race and gender, on the grounds that we're not a movement, we're a collection of individuals and so we can't make decisions about the 'movement'. But
418:
coming as an interested individual, respecting the hallmarks and whose behaviour during the conference was fine wouldn't be a problem." Although a rider was subsequently added, this controversy was fuelled by the sympathies held by
292:
Groups involved in PGA have also organised global and regional conferences, workshops and other events in many regions of the world. Since the 1998 event in Geneva, Global PGA conferences have been held before WTO ministerials: in
317:, in a decentralised fashion in 2006. The first nine days were distributed over five sites, each with specific themes, while the last five days took place in a central location, the autonomous space « Les Tanneries » in
487:(August 2003), further concerns were raised that despite anti-hierarchical intentions, a leadership was emerging which only occasionally "got down the informations to their bases", that decisions were being made by meetings in
682:
Daphi, P., Anderl, F., & Deitelhoff, N. (2022). Bridges or divides? Conflicts and synergies of coalition building across countries and sectors in the Global
Justice Movement. Social Movement Studies, 21(1-2),
560:
Bolivia - Coordinadora
Defensa del Agua y la Vida, COCAMTROP (El Comité de Coordinación de las seis Federaciones Campesinas de los Trópicos), Confederación Latinoamericana de Trabajadoras del Hogar.(FENATRAHOB)
701:
Routledge, P., Cumbers, A., & Nativel, C. (2007). Grassrooting network imaginaries: relationality, power, and mutual solidarity in global justice networks. Environment and
Planning A, 39(11), 2575-2592.
305:(2001). Regional Conferences have been held in Europe (Athens, Milan, Belgrade, Barcelona, Dijon, Leiden), Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Brazil, Bangladesh, New Zealand (Aotearoa) and the United States.
1050:
Bustamante, M., & Fiuza, B. M. (2020). Autonomist political culture in Brazil and the Peoples’ Global Action Oral History Project. Interface: A Journal on Social Movements, 12(2)
1070:
554:
491:"that Europeans were imposing their political reality and way to work", and that prominent activists were promoting sexist attitudes rooted in religious fundamentalism.
520:
662:
Wood, L. J. (2005). Bridging the chasms: The case of peoples’ global action. Coalitions across borders: Transnational protest and the neoliberal order, 95-117.
1194:
1199:
39:
526:, Movement for National Land and Agricultural Reform (MONLAR) - Sri Lanka Borneo Indigenous Peoples’ and Peasants Union (Panggau), Sarawak, Malaysia.
1179:
719:
Wood, L. J. (2004). Breaking the bank & taking to the streets: How protesters target neoliberalism. journal of world-systems research, 69-89.
889:
1148:
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The PGA, like the global justice movement more generally, was criticized for racism and Eurocentrism. One important intervention argued that
162:
476:
In 2002, Maria Theresa Santana, Chairperson of Moyo wa Taifa (UK) - Pan-Afrikan Women's Association attended the European PGA Conference in
406:
Nonetheless, until at least 2004, PGA events continued to attract right wing anti-globalist activists. The 2004 European PGA conference in
180:, which it had planned with the Zapatistas during the 1996 encuentro. Delegates came again of movements from around the world, such as the
644:
Maiba, H. (2005). Grassroots transnational social movement activism: The case of Peoples' Global Action. Sociological Focus, 38(1), 41-63.
710:
St John, G. (2008). Protestival: Global days of action and carnivalized politics in the present. Social Movement Studies, 7(2), 167-190.
403:
As a result, the PGA Hallmarks were edited in order to make opposition to capitalism, colonialism, racism and patriarchy more explicit.
396:
consumer watchdog group, who raised funds for the PGA Caravan, and who later spoke in support of the right-wing presidential candidate
86:
671:
593:
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would form "a collective network of all our particular struggles and resistances... an intercontinental network of resistance against
58:
105:
137:) was the name of a worldwide co-ordination of radical social movements, grassroots campaigns and direct actions in resistance to
1184:
585:
65:
1144:
Breaking the Silence Archives, Gender discussion preparations for 3rd European Peoples Global Action Conference, Jajinci 2004
43:
569:, SINTRAEMCALI Sindicato de Trabajadores de las Empresas Municipales de Cali (Workers Union of Cali Municipal Enterprises);
472:
any chance of us feeling comfortable. This why at its last conference made explicit moves to overtly condemn discrimination
765:
535:
507:
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188:
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72:
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in May 1998, involved tens of thousands of people in more than 60 demonstrations and street parties on five continents.
988:
499:
The following organizations were amongst those who participated in PGA conferences, caravans or global days of action.
1059:
Routledge, P. (2004). Convergence of commons: process geographies of People’s Global Action. The Commoner, 8(1), 1-20.
620:
261:
150:
54:
566:
200:
32:
1204:
351:
344:
253:
249:
367:
804:
728:
692:
Williams, D. M. (2018). Contemporary anarchist and anarchistic movements. Sociology compass, 12(6), e12582.
539:
384:
the participation of right wing/nationalist movements within the PGA. Some criticized the participation of
1189:
513:
468:
604:
510:
146:
817:
79:
523:
897:
625:
331:
420:
161:
The initial inspiration for the formation of PGA came from a global meeting called in 1996 by the
1157:
740:
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and Kala Subbuswamy discussed the problem of groups like the PGA in dealing with issues of race:
436:
853:
385:
1153:
877:
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607:, Tampa Bay Action Group (TBAG), Student Alliance to Reform Corporations (STARC), Santa Cruz,
589:
561:
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One travelled across the U.S., including activists from Chiapas, Mexico, the other across
313:
A Peoples' Global Action gathering in Europe took place from August 19 to September 3, in
176:
In August 1997, the European Zapatista support network called for a Second 'Encuentro' in
340:
946:"Where Was the Color in Seattle?: Looking for reasons why the Great Battle was so white"
550:
451:
were marginalized in the Seattle mobilisation against the World Trade Organization.
393:
142:
1173:
432:
170:
467:, or Peoples' Global Action, for example *are* movements, or at least networks with
336:
397:
118:
1071:"Thinking through transnational solidarity: The case of SINTRAEMCALI in Colombia"
1138:
464:
389:
21:
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and expressed her anger at the Eurocentric standpoint of the PGA discussions.
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265:
138:
1128:
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Global Restructuring, Labour and the Challenges for Transnational Solidarity
992:
608:
455:
294:
1082:
976:
Restructuring and Resistance: Diverse Voices of Struggle in Western Europe
919:
411:
805:
https://viacampesina.org/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2013/05/EN-05.pdf
729:
https://artactivism.gn.apc.org/allpdfs/096-Peoples%20Global%20Action.pdf
435:, the PGA Ukraine info-point was removed from the PGA website. See also
350:
In 1999, there were two caravans of activists in the leadup to the anti-
206:
In February 1998, movements from all continents met again, this time in
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974:"Cultures of Domination: Race and Gender in Radical movements" in
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solidarity actions. The "Totally Crazy Project" was initiated by
362:. The later ended at the congress organised by the non-partisan
543:
431:. After Savin was shown to be an activist associated with the
238:
187:(MST) who occupies unused land to create farms, and the other
15:
818:"Seattle '99, wedding celebration of the Left and the Right?"
878:
https://www.nadir.org/nadir/initiativ/agp/free/pga/hallm.htm
841:
https://www.nadir.org/nadir/initiativ/agp/free/pga/hallm.htm
273:
1114:
https://www.nadir.org/nadir/initiativ/agp/cocha/cocha.htm
816:
Schoenmaker, Merijn; Krebbers, Eric (25 November 1999).
989:"all4all.org - Racism in the PGA / Left / White people"
582:
CLAC- Montreal: Convergence des Luttes Anticapitalistes
516:
1133:
978:, Kolya Abramsky (ed.), March 2001, ResResRev:London
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
536:Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST)
1069:Bieler, Andreas; Lindberg, Ingemar, eds. (2010).
890:"Minutes PGA Spokescouncil Thursday 29 July 2004"
248:Subsequent Global Action Days have included the
854:"RE: Caravan- Did somebody say disinformation?"
653:Reitan, R. (2007). Global activism. Routledge.
600:- National Association of Inuit Women, Canada
280:, Italy (June 21, 2000) the 4th WTO summit in
210:, where Peoples' Global Action was launched.
199:" campaign, which involved burning fields of
8:
214:Horizontalist Structure and Organizing Model
272:, Czech Republic (September 26, 2000), the
191:(Karnataka State Farmers Association) from
944:Martinez, Elizabeth Betita (Spring 2000).
741:"Bangalore: Report of the pga-conference"
672:An oral history of Peoples’ Global Action
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
557:, Movimiento de Mujeres Negras de Quito
122:Peoples' Global Action demonstrators in
1139:MP3 Account of the formation of the PGA
637:
586:Canadian Union of Postal Workers (CUPW)
544:O Centro de Cultura Social de São Paulo
542:, Rede Libertária da Baixada Santista,
567:El Proceso de Comunidades Negras (PCN)
538:, CAVE - Coletivo Alternativa Verde,
163:Zapatista Army of National Liberation
7:
852:Morrill, Michael (13 October 1999).
364:International Forum on Globalisation
44:adding citations to reliable sources
1195:Environmental justice organizations
508:Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha, KRRS
469:informal hierarchies and structures
594:Canadian Union of Public Employees
483:At the PGA regional conference in
370:as a right-wing elite think tank.
189:Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha-KRRS
14:
1200:Organizations established in 1998
427:PGA info-point) with politics of
1180:Anti-globalization organizations
1149:PGA Europe Process Archives 2004
546:, Ação Local por Justiça Global
20:
260:, USA (November 30, 1999), the
31:needs additional citations for
1134:Peoples' Global Action website
991:. 22 July 2013. Archived from
896:. 29 July 2004. Archived from
195:, renowned for their "cremate
1:
521:All Nepal Women’s Association
517:Bangladesh Krishok Federation
379:Right Wing Anti-Globalization
1016:"PGA latin american process"
621:Carnival Against Capitalism
511:Bharatiya Kisan Union (BKU)
495:Participating organizations
309:European Conference in 2008
262:International Monetary Fund
151:anti-globalization movement
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241:ministerial conference in
201:genetically modified crops
185:Landless Workers' Movement
540:Movimento Negro Unificado
423:(the co-ordinator of the
284:(November 9, 2001), etc.
252:(June 18, 1999), the 3rd
173:... (and) for humanity".
1154:"The Invisible Network,"
1129:PGA encounters in Europe
920:"Index of PGA pages mix"
770:europe.pgaconference.org
368:De Fabel van de illegaal
352:World Trade Organization
254:World Trade Organization
250:Carnival Against Capital
55:"Peoples' Global Action"
1185:Criticism of capitalism
297:, India (1999), and in
1022:. A-Infos News Service
514:Narmada Bachoa Andolan
345:Confédération Paysanne
149:. PGA was part of the
131:Peoples' Global Action
127:
1083:10.4324/9780203842454
1014:t. (24 August 2003).
764:AnRo (6 April 2006).
605:Direct Action Network
572:Honduras ONECA/ODECO
232:Global Days of Action
147:environmental justice
121:
524:Assembly of the Poor
354:(WTO) conference in
40:improve this article
776:on 27 December 2009
626:Reclaim the Streets
1158:Mayo Fuster Morell
956:on 31 October 2006
858:Pressebüro Savanne
437:National anarchism
128:
126:in September 2000.
1100:978-0-203-84245-4
900:on 28 August 2008
894:PGAconference.org
590:Polaris Institute
388:, who worked for
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780:27 December
565:Colombia -
549:Ecuador -
390:Ralph Nader
337:René Riesel
288:Conferences
276:meeting in
268:meeting in
1174:Categories
1026:1 February
999:15 October
960:31 October
929:15 October
863:15 October
827:2020-02-01
632:References
598:Pauktuutit
386:Mike Dolan
299:Cochabamba
266:World Bank
256:summit in
139:capitalism
66:newspapers
904:28 August
609:Indymedia
580:Canada -
576:Canada/US
456:Raj Patel
454:In 2001,
374:Criticism
341:José Bové
295:Bangalore
182:Brazilian
615:See also
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534:Brazil -
412:Belgrade
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315:France
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143:social
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1095:ISBN
1028:2020
1001:2018
962:2006
931:2018
906:2008
865:2018
782:2009
503:Asia
339:and
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1156:by
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