420:
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The common spadefoot grows to a length of approximately 6.5 centimetres (2.6 in) for males and 8 centimetres (3.1 in) for females. The skin colouration varies depending upon habitat, gender and region, but is usually light-grey to beige-brown on the dorsal surface. The skin is mottled by
489:
segregation for the populations of
Northern Italy, that, therefore, are not to be ascribed to a different subspecies. Haplotypes from some Northern Italian valleys are very characteristic and support a different conception in terms of
520:
are seen in the
Posavina region. The first findings of tadpoles and the reproductive site of the common spadefoot toad in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In Croatia, this species is found along the Mura, Drava and Sava rivers. In
718:Ćurić, Ana; Adnan, Zimić; Bogdanović, Tomislav; Jelić, Dušan (June 2018). "New data and distribution of common spadefoot toad Pelobates Fuscus (Laurenti, 1768) (Anura: Pelobatidae) in Western Balkans".
611:
Aram
Agasyan; Aziz Avisi; Boris Tuniyev; Jelka Crnobrnja Isailovic; Petros Lymberakis; Claes Andrén; Dan Cogalniceanu; John Wilkinson; Natalia Ananjeva; Nazan Üzüm; et al. (2009).
485:(from Northern Italy). In reality there is no physical or behavioural character allowing to distinguish these supposed subspecies. A recent study showed that there is no
1130:
498:
position but, instead, for a peculiar differentiation. Populations from eastern Europe appear sufficiently different that they may warrant a separate species status (
973:
530:
1025:
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947:
551:
986:
621:
667:
1125:
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851:
739:""Identifying priority areas for conservation of spadefoot toad, Pelobates fuscus insubricus using a maximum entropy approach"
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When alarmed, it emits a very loud call (alarm call) and it can exude a noxious secretion which smells like
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darker marks that differ between individuals. The belly is white, sometimes with grey mottling.
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565:. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, MNCN-CSIC, Madrid (Spain). Archived from
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Giovannini, Andrea; Seglie, Daniele; Giacoma, Cristina (2014).
560:
Lisanfos KMS. Version 1.2. Online reference accessible at
664:
Amphibian
Species of the World 6.0, an Online Reference
793:
690:"Conservazione di un anfibio iconico: lo status di
688:Angelica Crottini & Franco Andreone (2007).
531:Parco naturale lombardo della Valle del Ticino
477:Two subspecies are traditionally recognised:
8:
701:Quad. Staz. Ecol. Civ. Mus. St. Nat. Ferrara
640:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2009.RLTS.T16498A5951455.en
781:
316:
151:
125:
109:
20:
638:
1131:Taxa named by Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti
622:The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
542:
668:The American Museum of Natural History
592:
591:
580:
550:Martín, C. & Sanchiz, B. (2014).
7:
940:1bcf739e-6721-48d6-b822-a7247b401e60
1106:IUCN Red List least concern species
442:, native to an area extending from
525:this species is widespread in the
14:
694:in Italia e linee guida d'azione"
562:http://www.lisanfos.mncn.csic.es/
720:North-Western Journal of Zoology
383:Pelobates fuscus var. orientalis
176:
474:specimens have been observed.
450:. It is commonly known as the
1:
743:Biodiversity and Conservation
375:Pelobates fuscus var. lividus
1126:Amphibians described in 1768
391:Pelobates fuscus vespertinus
483:Pelobates fuscus insubricus
367:Pelobates fuscus insubricus
359:Pelobates fuscus insubricus
135:Pelobates fuscus insubricus
1152:
1136:Habitats Directive species
481:(from central Europe) and
763:10.1007/s10531-014-0674-x
509:, hence its common name.
464:European common spadefoot
331:
324:
315:
302:
297:
278:
271:
173:Scientific classification
171:
149:
140:
133:
124:
117:
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23:
394:Crochet and Dubois, 2004
362:Crochet and Dubois, 2004
479:Pelobates fuscus fuscus
351:Pelobates fuscus fuscus
119:Pelobates fuscus fuscus
494:: not for a different
426:
1065:Paleobiology Database
500:Pelobates vespertinus
460:common spadefoot toad
422:
1111:Amphibians of Europe
935:Fauna Europaea (new)
633:: e.T16498A5951455.
407:Pelobates praefuscus
309:P. fuscus insubricus
16:Species of amphibian
755:2014BiCon..23.1427G
143:Conservation status
1116:Amphibians of Asia
427:
1093:
1092:
1052:Open Tree of Life
787:Taxon identifiers
590:External link in
556:(Laurenti, 1768)"
417:
416:
411:
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387:
379:
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355:
347:
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335:Bombinator fuscus
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1018:NHMSYS0000375975
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852:Pelobates-fuscus
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825:Pelobates fuscus
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795:Pelobates fuscus
782:
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749:(6): 1427–1439.
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692:Pelobates fuscus
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658:Pelobates fuscus
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615:Pelobates fuscus
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554:Pelobates fuscus
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518:Pelobates fuscus
452:common spadefoot
434:is a species of
431:Pelobates fuscus
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399:Pelobates fuscus
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305:P. fuscus fuscus
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282:Pelobates fuscus
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29:Temporal range:
25:Pelobates fuscus
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569:on 4 March 2014
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671:. Retrieved
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571:. Retrieved
567:the original
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961:iNaturalist
834:AmphibiaWeb
819:Wikispecies
726:(1): 50–59.
593:|work=
456:garlic toad
440:Pelobatidae
343:Bufo fuscus
298:Subspecies
240:Pelobatidae
1100:Categories
673:October 2,
537:References
378:Koch, 1872
1121:Pelobates
771:0960-3115
529:river in
513:Locations
496:taxonomic
487:haplotype
258:Species:
251:Pelobates
196:Kingdom:
190:Eukaryota
33:–Recent,
979:10940257
859:BioLib:
804:Wikidata
707:: 67–76.
583:cite web
523:Lombardy
462:and the
326:Synonyms
290:Laurenti
236:Family:
220:Amphibia
210:Chordata
206:Phylum:
200:Animalia
186:Domain:
163:IUCN 3.1
953:2430567
810:Q616507
751:Bibcode
573:3 March
424:Tadpole
292:, 1768)
246:Genus:
226:Order:
216:Class:
161: (
1070:401236
1057:233459
1031:191477
992:664730
927:177893
914:PELBFU
901:330757
875:195627
769:
527:Ticino
507:garlic
472:Albino
458:, the
1083:13065
1005:16498
974:IRMNG
966:25312
888:76CZD
697:(PDF)
230:Anura
1026:NCBI
1000:IUCN
987:ITIS
948:GBIF
909:EPPO
870:BOLD
839:5270
767:ISSN
675:2019
631:IUCN
627:2009
598:help
575:2014
436:toad
44:PreꞒ
1078:TSA
1044:449
1013:NBN
896:EoL
883:CoL
862:319
847:ASW
759:doi
635:doi
502:).
446:to
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585:}}
581:{{
558:.
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94:Pg
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596:(
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288:(
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99:N
89:K
84:J
79:T
74:P
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59:S
54:O
49:Ꞓ
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