414:. c. 1), passed in 1581. This made it high treason to reconcile anyone or to be reconciled to "the Romish religion", prohibited Mass under penalty of a fine of two hundred marks and imprisonment for one year for the celebrant, and a fine of one hundred marks and the same imprisonment for those who heard the Mass. This act also increased the penalty for not attending the Anglican service to the sum of twenty pounds a month, or imprisonment till the fine be paid, or till the offender went to the Anglican Church. A further penalty of ten pounds a month was inflicted on anyone keeping a schoolmaster who did not attend the Anglican service. The schoolmaster himself was to be imprisoned for one year.
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Pope in
England. All who maintained the spiritual or ecclesiastical authority of any foreign prelate were to forfeit all goods and chattels, both real and personal, and all benefices for the first offence, or in case the value of these was below 20 pounds, to be imprisoned for one year; they were liable to the forfeitures of
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imprisoned, or where the authorities wished to make an example of them, they might be executed. This statute, under which most of the
English martyrs suffered, made it high treason for any Jesuit or any seminary priest to be in England at all, and felony for any one to harbour or relieve them. The penalties of
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which required any person taking public or church office in
England to swear allegiance to the monarch as Supreme Governor of the Church of England. It also made it a crime to assert the authority of any foreign prince, prelate, or other authority, and was aimed at abolishing the authority of the
423:
commanded all Roman
Catholic priests to leave the country in 40 days or they be punished for high treason, unless within the 40 days they swore an oath to obey the Queen. Those who harbored them, and all those who knew of their presence and failed to inform the authorities would be fined and
403:. c. 3, was designed to stop Catholics from taking refuge abroad, and declared that any subject departing the realm without the queen's license, and not returning within six months, should forfeit the profits of his lands during life and all his goods and chattels.
393:. c. 2, which made it high treason to put into effect any papal Bull of absolution, to absolve or reconcile any person to the Catholic Church, or to be so absolved or reconciled, or to procure or publish any papal Bull or writing whatsoever. The penalties of
546:
In the late 17th and 18th centuries, many non-conformist
Protestants successfully evaded the political disabilities imposed by the Test Act by taking communion in the Church of England as required, while otherwise attending non-conformist meetings.
248:
An
English inquisition was established to identify, exile, convert, or prosecute non-conforming Catholics, with over 300 Protestant dissenters branded heretics, and killed, and many more exiled in her five-year reign. A
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from public office. While the legislation was not rescinded until 1828, the legal power to enforce it lapsed in 1663, and therefore many evicted officials were able to regain their positions after a few
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or the place of their former livings. They were also forbidden to teach in schools. Most of the Act's effects were repealed by 1689, but it was not formally abolished until 1812.
250:
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were imposed on all who sent assistance to the seminaries abroad, and a fine of 100 pounds for each offence on those who sent their children overseas without the royal licence.
722:
ascended to the throne and allowed the Tories back into the
Government in 1763. Even then, the Whig party remained a political monolith and only fragmented in response to the
1045:
707:. Its long title was "An Act for allowing further time for the Inrolment of Deeds and Wills made by Papists, and for Relief of Protestant Purchasers and Lessees".
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were enacted against all who brought into
England or who gave to others "Agnus Dei" or articles blessed by the pope or by any one through faculties from him.
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and required all persons to go to church once a week or be fined. It punished all clerics who used any other service by deprivation and imprisonment.
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An Act for allowing further time for the
Inrolment of Deeds and Wills made by Papists, and for Relief of Protestant Purchasers and Lessees.
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excluded all nonconformists from holding civil or military office, and prevented them from being awarded degrees by the
Universities of
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503:(a meeting for unauthorized worship) of more than five people who were not members of the same household. The purpose was to prevent
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The Penal Laws were introduced into Ireland in the year 1695, disenfranchising nonconformists in favour of the minority established
119:
387:. c. 1 made it high treason to affirm that the queen ought not to enjoy the Crown, or to declare her to be a heretic or schismatic;
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were: exclusion from the sovereign's protection, forfeiture of all lands and goods, arrest to answer to the Sovereign and Council.
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compulsory in religious service. Over two thousand clergy refused to comply and so were forced to resign their livings (the
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between Catholics and Protestants persisted through the 20th century, and its effects can still be seen, particularly in
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While some of the Penal Laws were much older, they took their most drastic shape during the reign of
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seized the throne, and soon after repealed the religious legislation of her brother and father,
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287:. c. 1), confirmed Elizabeth as Supreme Governor of the Church of England, and imposed an
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required all municipal officials to take Anglican communion, and formally reject the
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Politics Under the Later Stuarts: Party Conflict In a Divided Society, 1660-1715
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332:. c. 1) made a second offence of refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy treason.
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245:. c. 2). Restoring England, Wales and Ireland to the Roman Catholic Church.
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were a series of laws that sought to enforce the State-decreed religious
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was enacted, largely due to Irish political agitation organised under
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The laws were eventually repealed, beginning in the 1770s by the 1774
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literature and believers, it would be repealed a year after her death.
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981: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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would continue to dominate the political and religious life of the
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forbade nonconformist ministers from coming within five miles of
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Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 28 August 2018
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Burton, Edwin, Edward D'Alton, and Jarvis Kelley. "Penal Laws."
559:'s reign, sought to close this loophole with the passing of the
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Act to retain the Queen's Majesty's subjects in their obedience
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from mandatory attendance at weekly Sunday services of the
441:, especially the laws known as the Clarendon Code and the
315:. c. 2) set the order of prayer to be used in the English
203:. Penal actions are civil in nature and were not English
912:(6th ed.). New York: Macmillan. pp. 638–639.
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The House of Commons and the Marian Reeaction 1553-1558
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list of Protestant martyrs of the English Reformation
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A student's manual of English constitutional history
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
752:. The laws' principal victims were members of the
488:). The provisions of the act were modified by the
221:In 1553, following the death of her half-brother,
811:was followed in Ireland in 1793. Finally in 1829
19:For penal laws applied in Ireland and Wales, see
563:in 1711, however the Act was repealed after the
468:of 1643. The effect of this act was to exclude
16:Laws against Catholics and other nonconformists
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877:. Andrews University Press. pp. 227–233.
8:
1333:History of Catholicism in the United Kingdom
452:are named after Charles II's chief minister
363:by the State of the illegal and underground
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939:History Learning Site - The Clarendon Code
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448:The four penal laws collectively known as
585:, the British parliament also passed the
351:Queen Elizabeth I, citing as his reasons
298:for the second offence. The penalties of
225:, and deposing his choice of successor,
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
888:
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175:. The Penal laws also imposed various
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1276:Legal services in the United Kingdom
997:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
365:Catholic Church in England and Wales
253:was published soon after her death.
58:adding citations to reliable sources
578:of both real and suspected Tories.
542:Further penal laws in Great Britain
987:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "
760:, a majority of the population in
454:Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon
14:
969:website, retrieved 28 April 2019.
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567:with the return to power of the
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953:. London: Longman, 1993. p. 39.
490:Act of Uniformity Amendment Act
326:Supremacy of the Crown Act 1562
45:needs additional citations for
849:Religion in the United Kingdom
809:Roman Catholic Relief Act 1791
758:Presbyterian Church in Ireland
748:, aligned with the Protestant
507:religious groups from meeting.
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673:Statute Law Revision Act 1867
25:Penal laws against the Welsh
1293:United Kingdom law category
701:Parliament of Great Britain
617:Parliament of Great Britain
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1157:English administrative law
908:Medley, Dudley J. (1925).
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592:United Kingdom legislation
561:Occasional Conformity Bill
466:Solemn League and Covenant
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1348:Persecution of Christians
1313:Law of the United Kingdom
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1046:Parliamentary sovereignty
1032:Law of the United Kingdom
895:The Catholic Encyclopedia
844:Declaration of Indulgence
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69:"Penal law" British
1338:18th century in Ireland
1184:English civil procedure
1061:Law of Northern Ireland
764:. These laws included:
583:Jacobite Rising of 1715
259:revived the Heresy Acts
239:First Statute of Repeal
1200:British Virgin Islands
478:Act of Uniformity 1662
421:Jesuits, etc. Act 1584
309:Act of Uniformity 1558
263:1 & 2 Ph. & M.
1343:Religion and politics
994:Catholic Encyclopedia
868:Ward, Cedric (1981).
813:Catholic emancipation
734:Penal laws in Ireland
565:Hanoverian Succession
482:Book of Common Prayer
361:religious persecution
317:Book of Common Prayer
281:Act of Supremacy 1558
265:c. 6), outlawing all
257:November 1554 - Mary
201:Catholic Emancipation
1166:English criminal law
1134:English contract law
793:Disenfranchising Act
740:Penal laws (Ireland)
703:during the reign of
555:, empowered late in
528:Corporation Act 1661
497:Conventicle Act 1664
462:Corporation Act 1661
54:improve this article
21:Penal laws (Ireland)
963:Probate legislation
838:Regnans in Excelsis
581:In the wake of the
377:Regnans in Excelsis
371:, by releasing the
339:Regnans in Excelsis
217:Marian persecutions
211:Marian persecutions
166:nonjuring Anglicans
148:and, following the
1175:English family law
1051:Constitutional law
728:French Revolutions
712:single party state
522:Combined with the
516:incorporated towns
512:Five Mile Act 1665
193:Established Church
185:civil disabilities
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1281:British penal law
967:Durham University
918:2027/uc1.$ b22458
750:Church of England
746:Church of Ireland
697:Act of Parliament
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289:Oath of Supremacy
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1323:English law
1235:New Zealand
1056:English law
668:Repealed by
346:Pope Pius V
274:Elizabethan
177:forfeitures
1307:Categories
1250:Common law
1095:Labour law
989:Penal Laws
855:References
801:Quebec Act
787:Popery Act
625:Long title
557:Queen Anne
505:dissenting
492:, of 1872.
439:Charles II
426:praemunire
412:23 Eliz. 1
401:13 Eliz. 1
395:praemunire
391:13 Eliz. 1
385:13 Eliz. 1
373:Papal bull
369:in Ireland
359:, and the
300:praemunire
295:praemunire
267:Protestant
235:Henry VIII
205:common law
170:Protestant
138:penal laws
80:newspapers
1220:Hong Kong
1205:Australia
1071:Welsh law
1066:Scots law
926:612680148
827:, today.
710:The Whig
705:George II
589:of 1716.
532:Cambridge
330:5 Eliz. 1
313:1 Eliz. 1
285:1 Eliz. 1
223:Edward VI
189:recusants
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