755:, the flotilla following coastwise. He sent envoys to the next major ruler, the Sultan of Utemish. Sultan Mahmoud Otemishsky killed the envoys and gathered about 16,000 men at Utemish to bar the way. The mountaineers fought valiantly, but could not withstand the disciplined infantry. Utemish was burned and all the prisoners hanged in revenge for the murder of the envoys. On learning of this, the Khan of Derbent offered Peter the keys to the city on August 23 (September 3 N.S.). Derbent is at a narrow point on the coastal plain and has long been considered the northern gateway to Iran. While in Derbent, Peter learned that the flotilla had been caught in a storm and most of the supplies lost. Since there was no possibility of resupply this late in the season, he left a strong garrison at Derbent, marched back to the Terek River, took ship to Astrakhan and, on December 13 (December 24 N.S.), made a triumphal entry into Moscow.
177:
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186:
268:
166:
648:, by which Iran guaranteed to ensure the protection of Russian nationals within the Safavid domains. With Safavid Iran in chaos, and the Safavid ruler completely unable to safeguard the provisions of the treaty, Volynsky urged Peter to take advantage of the situation, and to invade Iran, on the pretext of restoring order as an ally of the Safavid king. Indeed, Russia shortly after used the attack on its merchants in Shamakhi as the pretext to launch the war.
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to the west and then the three
Iranian provinces on the south coast of the Caspian Sea. On September 12 (September 23 N.S.), the Russians and Iranians made a treaty in which the Russians would drive out the Afghans and restore Shah Tahmasp to the throne in return for the cession of Derbent, Baku and
867:
The war was a costly war for both sides in different measures. Iran had lost swaths of its territories, while Russia had suffered large human losses. The campaign proved costly; of the 61,039 men who took part, 36,663 did not return. Grave damage was inflicted by the
Russians on the occupied areas.
1296:Персидский поход Петра Великого: Низовой корпус на берегах Каспия (1722–1735) / И. В. Курукин; Науч. ред. к.и.н. Т. А. Коняшкина; МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова, Институт стран Азии и Африки. – М.: Квадрига, Объединенная редакция МВД России, 2010
959:
adds, "perhaps the only long-term consequence was the consciousness on the part of Russia's rulers that their armies had once marched beyond the
Caucasus, that the Russian flag had flown over the southern shore of the Caspian Sea."
374:
950:, and Iran was again in full possession of its territories in the North and South Caucasus and in contemporary northern Iran. The Russian troops nevertheless had not evacuated from the Iranian provinces until 1734.
843:, Russia recognized Turkish control of nearly everything west of what they had captured, thereby partitioning Transcaucasia between the two powers. The Russians lost many soldiers to disease. At the same time,
2275:
734:
The flotilla arrived at the mouth of the Sulak on 27 July 1722 (August 7 N.S.) and Peter, carried ashore by four boatmen, was the first to disembark. There, he learned that some of his cavalry had been
2821:
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1632:
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761:(central Georgia) was a vassal of Iran and had been their captive for seven years. Given the weakness of Iran, he made an arrangement with Russia. In September 1722, he advanced on
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971:
had to accept an
Ottoman suzerainty on more stringent terms. The Ottomans, further, alarmed by the Russian intervention, strengthened their hold along the Caucasian coastline.
2843:
2373:
911:, if there are such, to Gilan and Mazandaran and settle them, while Muslims should be very quietly, so that they would not know it, diminished in number as much as possible."
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were nominal vassals of Iran. The ultimate cause of the war was Russia's desire to expand to the southeast and the temporary weakness of Iran. At the start of the war,
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765:. When the Russians did not join him, he returned to Tbilisi in November. This provocation of Iran led to a disastrous invasion of his country.
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2413:
2344:
1637:
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Before leaving
Astrakhan, Peter, on 6 November (17 November N.S.), sent Colonel Shipov and two battalions south to occupy the Iranian city of
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1941:
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the three south coast provinces. Next year, Prince
Meshchersky went to Iran but was unable to secure ratification and was almost killed.
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1642:
990:
836:
587:
96:
1836:
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700:. By the time Peter was assembling his forces for the attack, the Safavid state had already entered the final stages of collapse.
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However, the sequel was additionally disastrous for the
Georgian rulers who had supported Peter's venture. In eastern Georgia,
840:
1936:
3052:
3009:
1900:
1489:
1134:
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1607:
621:. The formal pretext was the grave damage inflicted to the many Russian merchants who inhabited the Safavid Iranian city of
3019:
2674:
2351:
2102:
1831:
1657:
1652:
955:
1397:
640:, Russia's ambassador to Safavid Iran reported on the great damage done to the Russian merchants, to then incumbent Tsar
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2218:
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2006:
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2255:
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2080:
1971:
1956:
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1028:
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2622:
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2001:
1991:
1961:
1951:
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1506:
1403:
490:
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2196:
1088:
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1996:
739:. Peter responded with a punitive expedition using Kalmukh troops. He went south and camped at what later became
2747:
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1724:
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403:
2767:
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1704:
1147:
660:. On 15 July 1722, Peter issued a manifesto in several local languages justifying the invasion, drawn up by
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The territories remained in
Russian hands for nine and twelve years, when respectively according to the
280:
408:
1442:
The
Islamic World in Decline: From the Treaty of Karlowitz to the Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire
1061:
788:
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ordered the
Russians out (February) and towards the end of March the Russians defeated the Iranians,
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197:
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2596:
2526:
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1911:
1846:
1617:
896:
579:
127:
17:
823:
After a long siege on 26 June 1723 (7 July 1723 N.S.) General Matyushkin took the Iranian town of
3114:
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253:
39:
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1714:
1709:
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1534:
1485:
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1407:
1382:
1360:
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839:, which recognized the Russian annexation of the west and south coasts of the Caspian. By the
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817:
677:
618:
1318:
Langaroudi, EIr; Langaroudi, R. Rezazadeh (2009). "GĪLĀN vi. History in the 18th century".
851:, Russia withdrew to approximately the current Iranian border. In 1735, as a result of the
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lost his throne and sought protection of the Russian court in 1724. In western Georgia,
644:(r. 1682–1725). The report stipulated that the 1721 event was a clear violation of the
2808:
2581:
2408:
2171:
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1538:
931:
922:, Peter's successor, returned many of the annexed territories to Iran as a part of the
919:
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571:
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271:
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123:
887:. However, he was concerned about their safety and thus ordered the fortifications at
3167:
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2016:
777:
555:
550:
The Russian victory ratified for Safavid Iran's cession of their territories in the
2638:
2297:
1821:
1787:
1542:
1334:
809:
688:. The infantry, artillery and stores were to be shipped by sea to the mouth of the
528:
212:
2058:
876:, as many of those involved in it fled. It took years for the industry to revive.
1319:
1306:
A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East
1126:
Kalmykia in Russia's Past and Present National Policies and Administrative System
636:
the city, killing many of its inhabitants including several Russian merchants.
547:, from territorial gains in the region at the expense of declining Safavid Iran.
3073:
2716:
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Peter was determined to keep the newly conquered Iranian territories in the
693:
681:
1423:
The Pursuit of Pleasure: Drugs and Stimulants in Iranian History, 1500–1900
1229:
1227:
1225:
899:
to Russia. In May 1724, the Tsar wrote to Matiushkin, Russian commander in
808:
at the southwest corner of the Caspian. The locals wanted help against the
47:
2591:
2453:
1379:
The Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from Tribal Warrior to Conquering Tyrant
1337:(1950). "Two Georgian Maps of the First Half of the Eighteenth Century".
1032:
880:
751:, where the ruler received him as a friend. Next day, he headed south to
665:
622:
563:
540:
189:
76:
1467:
The Armenian Rebellion of the 1720s and the Threat of Genocidal Reprisal
1396:
Fisher, William Bayne; Avery, P.; Hambly, G. R. G; Melville, C. (1991).
601:
of 1735 during the reign of Anna Ioannovna, they were returned to Iran.
1085:
939:
888:
828:
752:
673:
629:
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559:
119:
111:
1466:
1086:Официальный сайт администрации Табасаранского района Населенные пункты
2864:
1530:
1112:
Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia
872:, one of the consequences of the occupation was the rapid decline of
800:
Map of Baku, likely drawn during the Russian occupation of 1723–1735.
697:
669:
583:
434:
259:
248:
237:
226:
131:
2941:
792:
Map of Rasht, likely drawn during its Russian occupation 1722–1735.
558:
and contemporary northern Iran to Russia, comprising the cities of
947:
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805:
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767:
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276:
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943:
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and their nearby surrounding lands, as well as the provinces of
567:
532:
316:
115:
80:
2825:
2611:
2607:
1502:
891:
and Holy Cross to be strengthened. He was determined to attach
730:
Map of Derbent drawn during its occupation by Russia 1722–1735.
438:
356:
1205:
Russia and Iran in the Great Game: Travelogues and Orientalism
656:
Between 1714 and 1720, several Russian sailors had mapped the
743:. On August 12 (August 23 N.S.), he made a state entry into
664:. Peter gathered 22,000 infantry, 9,000 dragoons and 70,000
1114:, Vol. I, ed. Alexander Mikaberidze, (ABC-CLIO, 2011), 850.
812:
but quickly changed their minds. 15,000 men were gathered,
1478:
Russia Confronts Chechnya: Roots of a Separatist Conflict
1233:
1191:
1308:, Vol. II, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010), 729.
717:
modern equivalent, 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar.
1244:
1242:
713:
used in Russian accounts of the time, followed by the
2325:
Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
938:, the remaining territories were returned, including
27:
Conflict between the Russian Empire and Safavid Iran
3289:
18th-century military history of the Russian Empire
3102:
3066:
3035:
2960:
2904:
2873:
2786:
2735:
2709:
2683:
2645:
2512:
2113:
1865:
1763:
1682:
1600:
1550:
609:Before the war, the nominal Russian border was the
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1081:
1079:
855:, Russia withdrew to its former border along the
2340:Soviet re-occupation of the Baltic states (1944)
1670:List of battles involving the Russian Federation
1052:
1050:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
632:, from within the declining Safavid Empire, had
2459:Soviet OMON assaults on Lithuanian border posts
2374:Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1953)
32:
535:'s attempt to expand Russian influence in the
2837:
2623:
2313:Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940)
1514:
847:restored Iranian power. In 1732, through the
818:and had decisively taken the Caspian Sea town
450:
368:
8:
3120:Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war
2266:Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1930)
2261:Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929)
2844:
2830:
2822:
2630:
2616:
2608:
1582:Military history of the Russian Federation
1554:
1521:
1507:
1499:
737:defeated by Kumyks and Chechens at Endirey
457:
443:
435:
375:
361:
353:
46:
29:
3110:Russia and the Iran–Israel proxy conflict
1832:Sino-Russian border conflicts (1652–1689)
516:, known in Russian historiography as the
3132:Iran and the Russian invasion of Ukraine
2701:Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam
1260:
1216:
1129:Central European University Press, 2008
1793:Russian Conquest of Siberia (1580–1747)
1663:List of wars involving the Soviet Union
1272:
1002:
2414:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
2345:Soviet re-occupation of Latvia in 1944
2204:Georgian–Ossetian conflict (1918–1920)
2182:Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919
1896:Austro-Russian–Turkish War (1735–1739)
1572:Military history of the Russian Empire
1321:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. X, Fasc. 6
1248:
835:The war was formally concluded by the
543:regions and to prevent its rival, the
2564:Deployment in Nagorno-Karabakh (2020)
1942:Russian colonization of North America
1284:
692:while the cavalry went overland from
7:
2896:Consulate General of Russia, Isfahan
2658:List of mothers of the Safavid shahs
1577:Military history of the Soviet Union
926:, to construct an alliance with the
2318:Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940
619:the Iranian capital was under siege
18:Persian campaign of Peter the Great
2947:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
2364:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
1730:1993 Russian constitutional crisis
25:
3249:18th century in Georgia (country)
3005:Persian Constitutional Revolution
2922:Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1723)
2229:Red Army intervention in Mongolia
1123:Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov.
991:History of the Russo-Turkish wars
772:Peter I in Tarki, the capital of
588:Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1723)
97:Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1723)
3254:Wars involving Georgia (country)
3149:
3148:
3125:Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition
3000:Russian conquest of the Caucasus
2863:
2853:
2283:Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
2076:Russian conquest of Central Asia
2012:Russian conquest of the Caucasus
1808:Polish–Muscovite War (1605–1618)
1750:Insurgency in the North Caucasus
676:. For transport, he created the
310:
291:
284:
275:
266:
258:
247:
236:
225:
206:
184:
175:
164:
150:
67:18 June 1722 – 12 September 1723
2569:Deployment in Kazakhstan (2022)
2214:Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan
2155:1919 Soviet invasion of Ukraine
981:Treaty of Constantinople (1724)
837:1723 Treaty of Saint Petersburg
646:1717 Russo-Iranian trade treaty
264:Ivan Matveevich Krasnoshchyokov
3264:Wars involving the Circassians
3154:Category:Iran–Russia relations
3053:1908 bombardment of the Majlis
3043:1903 Isfahan anti-Baháʼí riots
2251:Urtatagai conflict (1925–1926)
1901:War of the Austrian Succession
1484:: Cambridge University Press,
1444:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
1425:. Princeton University Press.
1104:Treaty of St Petersburg (1723)
514:Russo-Persian War of 1722–1723
1:
3020:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
2891:Ambassadors of Russia to Iran
2474:South Ossetia war (1991–1992)
2352:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
2103:Russian invasion of Manchuria
2093:Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
2039:Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829)
2034:Russo-Persian War (1826–1828)
1977:Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)
1967:Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)
1932:Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790)
1927:Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
1917:Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
1907:Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)
1885:Russo-Persian War (1722–1723)
1880:Russo-Turkish War (1710–1711)
1857:Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700)
1852:Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681)
1827:Russo-Persian War (1651–1653)
1803:Russo-Swedish War (1590–1595)
1798:Russo-Turkish War (1568–1570)
1783:Russo-Swedish War (1554–1557)
1658:List of wars involving Russia
1653:Sino-Russian border conflicts
1399:The Cambridge History of Iran
956:The Cambridge History of Iran
841:1724 Treaty of Constantinople
386:Russo-Persian War (1722–1723)
33:Russo-Persian War (1722–1723)
3058:Russian occupation of Tabriz
2429:Eritrean War of Independence
2399:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
2394:East German uprising of 1953
2335:Eastern Front (World War II)
2224:Red Army invasion of Georgia
2219:Red Army invasion of Armenia
2187:Estonian War of Independence
2128:Russian occupation of Tabriz
2049:Hungarian Revolution of 1848
2007:War of the Seventh Coalition
1890:War of the Polish Succession
1837:Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)
1421:Matthee, Rudolph P. (2005).
918:, the government of Empress
3274:Military history of Ukraine
3219:Wars involving Safavid Iran
3048:Siege of Tabriz (1908–1909)
3025:Iranian famine of 1942–1943
2668:Safavid dynasty family tree
2469:War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)
2419:Sino-Soviet border conflict
2288:Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
2256:Sino-Soviet conflict (1929)
2192:Latvian War of Independence
2081:Russian conquest of Bukhara
1972:War of the Fourth Coalition
1957:War of the Second Coalition
914:In 1732, on the eve of the
3305:
3229:1723 in the Russian Empire
3224:1722 in the Russian Empire
3189:18th century in Azerbaijan
2464:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
2002:War of the Sixth Coalition
1992:War of the Fifth Coalition
1962:War of the Third Coalition
1567:Military history of Russia
1529:Armed conflicts involving
1404:Cambridge University Press
1402:. Vol. 7. Cambridge:
1357:Russia and Iran, 1780–1828
344:36,664 Russian army deaths
3145:
2886:Embassy of Russia, Tehran
2794:Ottoman–Safavid relations
2577:
2303:Soviet invasion of Poland
1997:French invasion of Russia
1608:Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars
1557:
1459:Great Soviet Encyclopedia
903:, that he should invite "
476:
394:
338:
325:
218:
142:
59:
45:
37:
3244:Military history of Baku
2932:Anglo-Russian Convention
2743:Military of Safavid Iran
2444:South African Border War
2369:Guerrilla war in Ukraine
2271:Chechen uprising of 1932
1952:Russo-Persian War (1796)
1476:Dunlop, John B. (1998),
1359:. U of Minnesota Press.
1207:, (Routledge, 2007), 38.
1010:Персидский поход 1722-23
523:, was a war between the
2881:Embassy of Iran, Moscow
2086:Khivan campaign of 1873
1937:Russo-Polish War (1792)
1440:Sicker, Martin (2001).
118:, and the provinces of
3269:Wars involving Armenia
3094:Amir Kazim Mirza Qajar
2753:Persian–Portuguese War
2559:Western Libya campaign
2234:East Karelian uprising
1755:Wagner Group rebellion
1690:Uprising of Bolotnikov
1355:Atkin, Muriel (1980).
969:Alexander V of Imereti
883:and northern mainland
801:
793:
780:
731:
219:Commanders and leaders
202:Tabasaran principality
3079:Mohammad Taqi Pessian
3015:Battle of Robat Karim
2927:Treaty of Turkmenchay
2860:Iran–Russia relations
2773:Georgian-Safavid Wars
2684:Ideology and religion
2554:Intervention in Syria
2489:Tajikistani Civil War
2197:Lithuanian–Soviet War
2138:Battle of Robat Karim
1587:Post-Soviet conflicts
1108:Alexander Mikaberidze
965:Vakhtang VI of Kartli
799:
791:
771:
759:Vakhtang VI of Kartli
747:, the capital of the
729:
613:. South of that, the
339:Casualties and losses
3089:Ali Qulu Mirza Qajar
2952:Marine Security Belt
2787:Other related topics
2748:Ottoman–Persian Wars
2696:Ideology of Safavids
2537:Annexation of Crimea
2241:Central Asian Revolt
2150:Ukrainian–Soviet War
2022:Russo-Circassian War
1705:Pugachev's Rebellion
1648:Russo-Ukrainian Wars
1592:Russian Armed Forces
1562:Early modern warfare
749:Shamkhalate of Tarki
628:In 1721, rebellious
615:Khanates of Dagestan
518:Persian campaign of
331:Russian Army: 61,039
198:Shamkhalate of Tarki
3284:Invasions by Russia
3194:History of Dagestan
2917:Treaty of Kurakchay
2768:Mughal–Persian Wars
2597:Sphere of influence
2527:Russo-Ukrainian War
2384:First Indochina War
2357:Soviet–Japanese War
2293:Xinjiang War (1937)
2162:Kazakhstan Campaign
1947:Kościuszko Uprising
1847:Second Northern War
1725:Coup attempt (1991)
1618:Soviet-Finnish wars
1324:. pp. 642–645.
784:Phase Two (1722/23)
531:, triggered by the
3184:Russo-Persian Wars
3115:Axis of Resistance
2968:Russo-Persian Wars
2912:Treaty of Gulistan
2763:Persian–Uzbek wars
2587:Russian Revolution
2522:Russo-Georgian War
2504:Second Chechen War
2484:Georgian Civil War
2123:Russo-Japanese War
1875:Great Northern War
1773:Russo-Crimean Wars
1745:Second Chechen War
1643:Russo-Turkish wars
1638:Russo-Swedish wars
1628:Russo-Persian Wars
1613:Russo-Crimean Wars
1234:Fisher et al. 1991
1192:Fisher et al. 1991
1091:2012-11-14 at the
1064:on 28 October 2007
986:Russo-Persian Wars
802:
794:
781:
732:
468:Russo-Persian Wars
254:Mikhail Matyushkin
40:Russo-Persian Wars
3279:Invasions of Iran
3179:Conflicts in 1723
3174:Conflicts in 1722
3161:
3160:
2937:Tehran Conference
2819:
2818:
2758:Russo-Persian War
2736:Military and wars
2727:School of Isfahan
2605:
2604:
2494:First Chechen War
2449:Soviet–Afghan War
2434:Angolan Civil War
2209:Polish–Soviet War
2167:Finnish Civil War
2145:Russian Civil War
2044:November Uprising
1982:Anglo-Russian War
1922:Bar Confederation
1735:First Chechen War
1715:Russian Civil War
1710:Decembrist revolt
1700:Bulavin Rebellion
1695:Razin's Rebellion
1678:
1677:
1633:Russo-Polish Wars
1601:Lists by opponent
1375:Axworthy, Michael
916:Russo-Turkish War
774:Tarki Shamkhalate
662:Dimitrie Cantemir
634:sacked and looted
509:
508:
432:
431:
351:
350:
297:Qeytuqo Aslanbech
190:Eastern Circassia
181:Kingdom of Kartli
170:Cossack Hetmanate
138:
137:
92:Russian victory
16:(Redirected from
3296:
3259:History of Gilan
3152:
3151:
3137:Axis of Upheaval
3084:Shafi Khan Qajar
3010:Persian Campaign
2874:Diplomatic posts
2868:
2867:
2858:
2857:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2823:
2799:Gunpowder Empire
2632:
2625:
2618:
2609:
2479:Transnistria War
2424:War of Attrition
2330:Continuation War
2279:
2071:January Uprising
1912:Seven Years' War
1812:Time of Troubles
1778:Russo-Kazan Wars
1623:Russo-Kazan Wars
1555:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1500:
1494:
1463:
1455:
1436:
1417:
1392:
1370:
1342:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1297:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1237:
1231:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1203:Elena Andreeva,
1201:
1195:
1189:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1150:. Archived from
1144:
1138:
1121:
1115:
1101:
1095:
1083:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1060:. Archived from
1054:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1031:. Archived from
1025:
1012:
1007:
810:invading Afghans
722:Phase One (1722)
715:new style (N.S.)
678:Caspian Flotilla
597:of 1732 and the
471:
469:
459:
452:
445:
436:
389:
387:
377:
370:
363:
354:
315:
314:
313:
295:
289:Murza Cherkassky
288:
279:
270:
263:
262:
252:
251:
241:
240:
230:
229:
211:
210:
209:
188:
179:
168:
156:
154:
153:
61:
60:
50:
30:
21:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3141:
3098:
3062:
3031:
2956:
2900:
2869:
2862:
2852:
2850:
2820:
2815:
2782:
2778:Defensive walls
2731:
2705:
2679:
2663:Safavid dynasty
2641:
2636:
2606:
2601:
2573:
2514:
2508:
2499:War of Dagestan
2273:
2246:August Uprising
2115:
2109:
2098:Boxer Rebellion
2066:Amur Annexation
1867:
1861:
1765:
1759:
1740:War of Dagestan
1720:August Uprising
1674:
1596:
1546:
1527:
1492:
1475:
1461:
1452:
1439:
1433:
1420:
1414:
1395:
1389:
1381:. I.B. Tauris.
1373:
1367:
1354:
1351:
1346:
1345:
1333:
1329:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1259:
1255:
1247:
1240:
1232:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1202:
1198:
1190:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1154:on 4 March 2016
1146:
1145:
1141:
1122:
1118:
1102:
1098:
1093:Wayback Machine
1084:
1077:
1067:
1065:
1058:"Кумыкский мир"
1056:
1055:
1048:
1038:
1036:
1035:on 4 March 2016
1027:
1026:
1015:
1008:
1004:
999:
977:
936:Treaty of Ganja
924:Treaty of Resht
865:
853:Treaty of Ganja
849:Treaty of Resht
786:
724:
706:
686:Fyodor Apraksin
654:
642:Peter the Great
638:Artemy Volynsky
607:
599:Treaty of Ganja
595:Treaty of Resht
520:Peter the Great
510:
505:
472:
467:
465:
463:
433:
428:
390:
385:
383:
381:
311:
309:
305:
303:
299:
290:
283:
274:
265:
257:
256:
246:
245:
243:Fyodor Apraksin
235:
234:
232:Peter the Great
224:
207:
205:
200:
196:
192:
183:
160:
151:
149:
106:
83:
53:Peter the Great
51:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3302:
3300:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3214:1723 in Europe
3211:
3209:1722 in Europe
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3166:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3117:
3112:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2870:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2826:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2801:
2796:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2612:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2582:Russian Winter
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2524:
2518:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2409:Vlora incident
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2310:
2305:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2179:
2174:
2172:Sochi conflict
2169:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2130:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2095:
2090:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1871:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1769:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1490:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1456:
1451:978-0275968915
1450:
1437:
1432:978-0691118550
1431:
1418:
1413:978-0521200950
1412:
1393:
1388:978-0857721938
1387:
1371:
1366:978-0816656974
1365:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1341:, Vol. 10: 99.
1327:
1310:
1298:
1289:
1277:
1265:
1253:
1238:
1236:, p. 316.
1221:
1209:
1196:
1165:
1139:
1116:
1096:
1075:
1046:
1013:
1001:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
993:
988:
983:
976:
973:
934:. By the 1735
932:Ottoman Empire
920:Anna Ioannovna
864:
861:
785:
782:
723:
720:
705:
702:
653:
650:
606:
603:
556:South Caucasus
552:North Caucasus
545:Ottoman Empire
525:Russian Empire
507:
506:
504:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
477:
474:
473:
464:
462:
461:
454:
447:
439:
430:
429:
427:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
395:
392:
391:
382:
380:
379:
372:
365:
357:
349:
348:
345:
341:
340:
336:
335:
332:
328:
327:
323:
322:
307:
272:Danylo Apostol
221:
220:
216:
215:
203:
194:Kalmyk Khanate
173:
172:
158:Russian Empire
145:
144:
140:
139:
136:
135:
108:
102:
101:
100:
99:
89:
85:
84:
75:
73:
69:
68:
65:
57:
56:
43:
42:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3301:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3156:
3155:
3144:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2847:
2842:
2840:
2835:
2833:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2676:
2675:Grand viziers
2673:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2653:Safavid shahs
2651:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2633:
2628:
2626:
2621:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2576:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2547:2022 invasion
2545:
2543:
2542:War in Donbas
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2511:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2379:Ili Rebellion
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2112:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2017:Caucasian War
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
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1299:
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1286:
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1275:, p. 28.
1274:
1269:
1266:
1263:, p. 62.
1262:
1261:Axworthy 2010
1257:
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1251:, p. 48.
1250:
1245:
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1226:
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1218:
1217:Axworthy 2010
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110:Russia gains
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31:
19:
3239:1723 in Iran
3234:1722 in Iran
3204:1723 in Asia
3199:1722 in Asia
3147:
2977:
2757:
2639:Safavid Iran
2298:World War II
1884:
1822:Smolensk War
1788:Livonian War
1477:
1462:(in Russian)
1441:
1422:
1398:
1378:
1356:
1338:
1330:
1320:
1313:
1305:
1301:
1292:
1287:, p. 4.
1280:
1273:Matthee 2005
1268:
1256:
1212:
1204:
1199:
1156:. Retrieved
1152:the original
1142:
1125:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1066:. Retrieved
1062:the original
1037:. Retrieved
1033:the original
1005:
962:
954:
952:
930:against the
913:
878:
866:
834:
822:
803:
757:
733:
708:
707:
655:
652:Preparations
627:
608:
592:
586:conform the
549:
529:Safavid Iran
517:
513:
511:
485:
384:
213:Safavid Iran
174:
148:
143:Belligerents
91:
3074:Abbas Mirza
3067:Individuals
2404:Vietnam War
2274: [
2133:World War I
2054:Crimean War
1987:Finnish War
1903:(1740–1748)
1892:(1733–1738)
1817:Ingrian War
1533:(including
1339:Imago Mundi
1249:Sicker 2001
874:sericulture
857:Terek River
814:Shah Tamasp
690:Sulak River
658:Caspian Sea
611:Terek River
306:Rustam-Qadi
281:Vakhtang VI
105:Territorial
79:, northern
3168:Categories
2439:Ogaden War
2389:Korean War
2308:Winter War
2177:Heimosodat
1764:Tsardom of
1491:0521636191
1285:Atkin 1980
1148:"lekia.ru"
1135:9639776173
997:References
909:Christians
907:and other
897:Mazandaran
845:Nader Shah
709:All dates
605:Background
580:Mazandaran
562:(southern
320:Tahmasp II
304:Adil-Giray
301:Ayuka Khan
128:Mazandaran
3036:Incidents
2993:Abbasabad
2988:1826–1828
2983:1804–1813
2978:1722–1723
2973:1651–1653
2961:Conflicts
2905:Diplomacy
2722:Miniature
2691:Safaviyya
2059:Åland War
2027:Murid War
1866:18th–19th
1482:Cambridge
905:Armenians
868:Thus, in
863:Aftermath
827:and soon
711:old style
694:Tsaritsyn
682:Astrakhan
584:Astarabad
501:1826–1828
496:1804–1813
486:1722–1723
481:1651–1653
132:Astarabad
2592:Cold War
2454:Gulf War
1810:and the
1683:Internal
1539:Imperial
1377:(2010).
1089:Archived
975:See also
928:Safavids
881:Caucasus
741:Petrovsk
704:Campaign
666:Cossacks
623:Shamakhi
564:Dagestan
541:Caucasus
326:Strength
77:Caucasus
72:Location
55:'s fleet
38:Part of
3103:Related
2710:Culture
2646:Dynasty
2532:Outline
2515:century
2116:century
1868:century
1551:Related
1535:Tsarist
1349:Sources
940:Derbent
889:Derbent
829:Shirvan
753:Derbent
674:Kalmyks
630:Lezgins
576:Shirvan
560:Derbent
537:Caspian
409:Utemish
404:Derbent
399:Endirey
347:Unknown
334:Unknown
120:Shirvan
112:Derbent
107:changes
2804:Abbasi
1842:Deluge
1766:Russia
1545:times)
1543:Soviet
1531:Russia
1488:
1448:
1429:
1410:
1385:
1363:
1158:9 June
1133:
1068:9 June
1039:9 June
698:Mozdok
684:under
670:Tatars
566:) and
155:
88:Result
2809:Abazi
2278:]
1029:"722"
948:Tarki
901:Rasht
893:Gilan
870:Gilan
806:Rasht
776:; by
763:Ganja
745:Tarki
572:Gilan
424:Ganja
414:Rasht
124:Gilan
2942:P5+1
2513:21st
2114:20th
1541:and
1486:ISBN
1446:ISBN
1427:ISBN
1408:ISBN
1383:ISBN
1361:ISBN
1160:2015
1137:p 86
1131:ISBN
1070:2015
1041:2015
946:and
944:Baku
895:and
885:Iran
825:Baku
696:and
672:and
582:and
568:Baku
539:and
533:tsar
527:and
512:The
491:1796
419:Baku
317:Shah
130:and
116:Baku
81:Iran
64:Date
2717:Art
953:As
680:at
625:.
3170::
2276:ru
1537:,
1480:,
1406:.
1241:^
1224:^
1168:^
1110:,
1106:,
1078:^
1049:^
1016:^
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458:e
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20:)
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