53:
31:
254:
367:
Kohli, M., Letsch, H., Greve, C., Béthoux, O., Deregnaucourt, I., Liu, S., Zhou, X., Donath, A., Mayer, C., Podsiadlowski, L., Gunkel, S., Machida, R., Niehuis, O., Rust, J., Wappler, T., Yu, X., Misof, B., & Ware, J. (2021). Evolutionary history and divergence times of
Odonata (dragonflies and
381:
Tolman, Ethan R.; Beatty, Christopher D.; Kohli, Manpreet K.; Abbott, John; Bybee, Seth M.; Frandsen, Paul B.; Stephen
Gosnell, J.; Guralnick, Robert; Kalkman, V. J.; Newton, Lacie G.; Suvorov, Anton; Ware, Jessica L. (2024-11-01).
278:, is by some measurements the largest of living dragonflies, having a wingspan of up to about 160 mm (6.3 in) and a body length of about 125 mm (4.9 in) (
1147:
1173:
306:, the gray petaltail, live in depressions under wet leaves. The semiaquatic habitat of the larvae makes the petaltails unique in the modern dragonfly families.
457:
1329:
1121:
1160:
434:
1334:
1319:
497:
329:
Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal
Biodiversity: An Outline of Higher-level Classification and Survey of Taxonomic Richness (Addenda 2013)"
1165:
1324:
1263:
1056:
1043:
384:"A molecular phylogeny of the Petaluridae (Odonata: Anisoptera): A 160-Million-Year-Old story of drift and extinction"
302:
in the east. The larvae live primarily in stream banks, mostly in burrows, but the larvae of the eastern US species,
52:
1178:
426:
247:
1314:
461:
280:
728:
996:
383:
1061:
1309:
1276:
1209:
580:
490:
324:
274:
266:
39:
1227:
1304:
1188:
1095:
139:
915:
298:
231:
47:
1281:
1214:
1196:
1082:
894:
749:
715:
430:
403:
292:
286:
1152:
1034:
1201:
907:
868:
483:
395:
348:
340:
30:
902:
691:
659:
601:
593:
572:
284:
of another family can match or exceed its wingspan). Another large
Australian species is
964:
765:
699:
675:
614:
606:
262:
253:
290:, commonly known as the giant dragonfly. In the United States, two species are found,
1298:
932:
707:
622:
1268:
1087:
1048:
948:
757:
744:
683:
646:
630:
544:
124:
1254:
1134:
1028:
956:
940:
821:
813:
770:
399:
176:
852:
638:
344:
186:
1019:
407:
369:
1108:
873:
860:
835:
797:
560:
538:
526:
325:"The classification and diversity of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata).
219:
196:
114:
84:
64:
475:
1248:
1069:
1013:
736:
368:
damselflies) revealed through transcriptomics. IScience, 24(11), 103324.
243:
239:
227:
156:
272:
Modern petalurids include only 11 species, one of which, the
Australian
507:
353:
104:
1074:
1139:
532:
520:
223:
166:
94:
74:
1126:
990:
1113:
1222:
252:
235:
994:
794:
557:
479:
1100:
1238:
1003:
931:
893:
851:
834:
812:
727:
658:
592:
571:
456:Martin Schorr; Martin Lindeboom; Dennis Paulson.
452:. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C.
218:are among the most ancient of the extant true
491:
8:
943:(emerald dragonflies or green-eyed skimmers)
991:
848:
809:
805:
791:
568:
554:
498:
484:
476:
370:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.103324
29:
20:
718:(helicopter damselflies or forest giants)
352:
250:was estimated at 160 million years ago.
423:Dragonflies and Damselflies of the West
315:
234:found that the petaltails comprise two
323:Dijkstra, K.D.B.; et al. (2013).
388:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
230:, over 150 million years ago. A 2024
7:
1228:C07A191E-F775-FF9C-5997-0FA2FA24F905
1189:f7cf2ee4-50c5-4434-9b5a-94cac54a8f48
678:(narrow-winged or pond damselflies)
1330:Taxa named by James George Needham
14:
222:(infraorder Anisoptera), having
51:
884:(giant dragonfly and relatives)
1:
226:members from as early as the
609:(jewelwings or demoiselles)
421:Paulson, Dennis R. (2009).
400:10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108185
1351:
710:(threadtails, bambootails)
694:(white-legged damselflies)
427:Princeton University Press
1335:Insects described in 1903
808:
804:
790:
666:(closed wing damselflies)
567:
553:
515:
462:University of Puget Sound
345:10.11646/zootaxa.3703.1.9
152:
147:
48:Scientific classification
46:
37:
28:
23:
1320:Odonata of North America
450:Dragonflies of the World
281:Tetracanthagyna plagiata
729:Lestoidea (superfamily)
959:(cruisers or skimmers)
951:(skimmers or perchers)
876:(clubtail dragonflies)
773:(sylphs or malachites)
269:
1277:Paleobiology Database
1210:Paleobiology Database
275:Petalura ingentissima
267:Solnhofen Plattenkalk
256:
16:Family of dragonflies
1325:Odonata of Australia
863:(hawkers or darners)
458:"World Odonata List"
448:Silsby, Jill. 2001.
259:Protolindenia wittei
181:Uhler in Selys, 1859
920:Neopetalia punctata
633:(azure damselflies)
583:(ancient greenling)
304:Tachopteryx thoreyi
299:Tachopteryx thoreyi
232:molecular phylogeny
750:Megapodagrionidae
716:Pseudostigmatidae
270:
1292:
1291:
1197:Open Tree of Life
997:Taxon identifiers
988:
987:
984:
983:
980:
979:
976:
975:
968:
960:
952:
944:
923:
911:
908:Cordulegastridae
895:Cordulegastroidea
885:
877:
864:
844:
830:
829:
786:
785:
782:
781:
774:
761:
753:
740:
719:
711:
703:
695:
687:
679:
668:
650:
642:
634:
626:
618:
610:
584:
436:978-0-691-12281-6
293:Tanypteryx hageni
287:Petalura gigantea
257:Fossil petalurid
208:
207:
143:
40:Tanypteryx pryeri
1342:
1315:Odonata families
1285:
1284:
1272:
1271:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1231:
1230:
1218:
1217:
1205:
1204:
1192:
1191:
1182:
1181:
1169:
1168:
1156:
1155:
1143:
1142:
1130:
1129:
1117:
1116:
1104:
1103:
1091:
1090:
1078:
1077:
1065:
1064:
1052:
1051:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1024:
1023:
1022:
992:
966:
958:
950:
942:
917:
909:
883:
875:
869:Austropetaliidae
862:
849:
845:
843:
840:
822:Epiophlebioptera
814:Epiophlebioptera
810:
806:
792:
772:
759:
751:
738:
717:
709:
701:
693:
692:Platycnemididae
685:
677:
669:
667:
664:
648:
640:
632:
624:
616:
608:
582:
569:
555:
500:
493:
486:
477:
472:
470:
468:
441:
440:
418:
412:
411:
378:
372:
365:
359:
358:
356:
320:
296:in the west and
202:
192:
182:
172:
162:
138:
56:
55:
33:
21:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1280:
1275:
1267:
1262:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1234:
1226:
1221:
1213:
1208:
1200:
1195:
1187:
1185:
1177:
1172:
1164:
1159:
1151:
1146:
1138:
1133:
1125:
1120:
1112:
1107:
1099:
1094:
1086:
1081:
1073:
1068:
1060:
1055:
1047:
1042:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1018:
1017:
1012:
999:
989:
972:
965:Synthemistidae
927:
903:Chlorogomphidae
889:
841:
839:
838:
826:
800:
778:
723:
702:(shadowdamsels)
700:Platystictidae
676:Coenagrionidae
665:
663:
662:
660:Coenagrionoidea
654:
641:(gossamerwings)
615:Chlorocyphidae
607:Calopterygidae
602:Amphipterygidae
594:Calopterygoidea
588:
581:Hemiphlebiidae
573:Hemiphlebioidea
563:
549:
511:
504:
466:
464:
455:
445:
444:
437:
420:
419:
415:
380:
379:
375:
366:
362:
322:
321:
317:
312:
248:divergence time
200:
190:
180:
170:
160:
137:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1348:
1346:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1297:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1273:
1260:
1244:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1219:
1206:
1193:
1183:
1170:
1157:
1144:
1131:
1118:
1105:
1092:
1079:
1066:
1053:
1040:
1025:
1009:
1007:
1001:
1000:
995:
986:
985:
982:
981:
978:
977:
974:
973:
971:
970:
962:
954:
946:
937:
935:
929:
928:
926:
925:
916:Neopetaliidae
913:
905:
899:
897:
891:
890:
888:
887:
879:
871:
866:
857:
855:
846:
832:
831:
828:
827:
825:
824:
818:
816:
802:
801:
795:
788:
787:
784:
783:
780:
779:
777:
776:
768:
766:Pseudolestidae
763:
755:
747:
742:
733:
731:
725:
724:
722:
721:
713:
708:Protoneuridae
705:
697:
689:
686:(narrow-wings)
681:
672:
670:
656:
655:
653:
652:
644:
636:
628:
623:Dicteriadidae
620:
612:
604:
598:
596:
590:
589:
587:
586:
577:
575:
565:
564:
558:
551:
550:
548:
547:
541:
535:
529:
523:
516:
513:
512:
505:
503:
502:
495:
488:
480:
474:
473:
453:
443:
442:
435:
413:
373:
360:
314:
313:
311:
308:
263:Upper Jurassic
214:of the family
206:
205:
204:
203:
193:
183:
173:
163:
150:
149:
145:
144:
132:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
112:
108:
107:
102:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1347:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1250:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
993:
969:
963:
961:
955:
953:
949:Libellulidae
947:
945:
939:
938:
936:
934:
933:Libelluloidea
930:
924:
921:
914:
912:
906:
904:
901:
900:
898:
896:
892:
886:
880:
878:
872:
870:
867:
865:
859:
858:
856:
854:
850:
847:
842:(dragonflies)
837:
833:
823:
820:
819:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
793:
789:
775:
769:
767:
764:
762:
758:Perilestidae
756:
754:
748:
746:
743:
741:
739:(spreadwings)
735:
734:
732:
730:
726:
720:
714:
712:
706:
704:
698:
696:
690:
688:
684:Isostictidae
682:
680:
674:
673:
671:
661:
657:
651:
649:(bannerwings)
647:Polythoridae
645:
643:
637:
635:
631:Diphlebiidae
629:
627:
621:
619:
613:
611:
605:
603:
600:
599:
597:
595:
591:
585:
579:
578:
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
556:
552:
546:
542:
540:
536:
534:
530:
528:
524:
522:
518:
517:
514:
509:
501:
496:
494:
489:
487:
482:
481:
478:
463:
459:
454:
451:
447:
446:
438:
432:
428:
424:
417:
414:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
377:
374:
371:
364:
361:
355:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
328:
319:
316:
309:
307:
305:
301:
300:
295:
294:
289:
288:
283:
282:
277:
276:
268:
264:
260:
255:
251:
249:
246:clade. Their
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
199:
198:
194:
191:Kennedy, 1917
189:
188:
184:
179:
178:
174:
169:
168:
164:
159:
158:
154:
153:
151:
146:
141:
136:
133:
130:
129:
126:
123:
121:Superfamily:
120:
119:
116:
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
96:
93:
90:
89:
86:
83:
80:
79:
76:
73:
70:
69:
66:
63:
60:
59:
54:
49:
45:
42:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1310:Petaluroidea
1269:Petaluroidea
1240:Petaluroidea
1239:
1004:
967:(tigertails)
957:Macromiidae
941:Corduliidae
919:
910:(spiketails)
882:Petaluridae
881:
771:Synlestidae
760:(shortwings)
745:Lestoideidae
545:Odonatoptera
543:Superorder:
465:. Retrieved
449:
422:
416:
391:
387:
376:
363:
339:(1): 36–45.
336:
332:
326:
318:
303:
297:
291:
285:
279:
273:
271:
258:
242:clade and a
215:
211:
209:
195:
185:
175:
171:Rambur, 1842
165:
155:
134:
125:Petaluroidea
111:Infraorder:
38:
24:Petaluridae
18:
1305:Petaluridae
1135:iNaturalist
1049:Petaluridae
1035:Petaluridae
1029:Wikispecies
1005:Petaluridae
752:(flatwings)
639:Euphaeidae
354:10072/61365
220:dragonflies
216:Petaluridae
201:Selys, 1858
177:Tachopteryx
161:Leach, 1815
135:Petaluridae
1299:Categories
874:Gomphidae
861:Aeshnidae
853:Aeshnoidea
836:Anisoptera
625:(barelegs)
537:Subclass:
527:Arthropoda
394:: 108185.
310:References
212:petaltails
187:Tanypteryx
115:Anisoptera
85:Arthropoda
1255:Q21076718
798:Epiprocta
796:Suborder
737:Lestidae
561:Zygoptera
559:Suborder
539:Pterygota
519:Kingdom:
467:11 August
408:1055-7903
244:Laurasian
240:Gondwanan
197:Uropetala
71:Kingdom:
65:Eukaryota
1249:Wikidata
1070:BugGuide
1014:Wikidata
617:(jewels)
525:Phylum:
521:Animalia
510:families
228:Jurassic
157:Petalura
131:Family:
81:Phylum:
75:Animalia
61:Domain:
1020:Q138674
533:Insecta
531:Class:
508:Odonata
506:Extant
333:Zootaxa
148:Genera
140:Needham
105:Odonata
101:Order:
95:Insecta
91:Class:
1282:221180
1202:754477
1186:NZOR:
1179:107810
1166:101659
1153:100250
1114:1PTALF
1062:319418
433:
406:
236:clades
224:fossil
167:Phenes
142:, 1903
1223:Plazi
1215:71355
1148:IRMNG
1140:67721
1088:62684
1174:NCBI
1161:ITIS
1127:5938
1122:GBIF
1109:EPPO
1075:4017
1057:BOLD
469:2010
431:ISBN
404:ISSN
337:3703
238:, a
210:The
1264:AFD
1101:957
1096:EoL
1083:CoL
1044:AFD
396:doi
392:200
349:hdl
341:doi
327:In:
1301::
1279::
1266::
1251::
1225::
1212::
1199::
1176::
1163::
1150::
1137::
1124::
1111::
1098::
1085::
1072::
1059::
1046::
1031::
1016::
460:.
429:.
425:.
402:.
390:.
386:.
347:.
335:.
331:.
265:,
261:,
922:)
918:(
499:e
492:t
485:v
471:.
439:.
410:.
398::
357:.
351::
343::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
