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219:, which preserves the amplitude of the original signal and alters the phase. The amount of change in phase depends on the frequency. When signals from the two paths are mixed, the frequencies that are out of phase will cancel each other out, creating the phaser's characteristic notches. Changing the mix ratio changes the depth of the notches; the deepest notches occur when the mix ratio is 50%.
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273:) varies with different models, some analog phasers offer 4, 6, 8 or 12 stages. Digital phasers may offer up to 32 or even more. This determines the number of notches/peaks in the sound, affecting the general sound character. A phaser with n stages generally has n/2 notches in the spectrum, so a 4-stage phaser will have two notches.
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production, the effect created by a phaser is often used to imply that the sound is synthetically generated, like turning a natural human voice into a computer or robot voice. The technique works because the frequency filtering produces sound commonly associated with mechanical sources, which only
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Instant Phaser from 1971 was one of the first studio devices to emulate the tape flanging effect (with all-pass filters instead of delay, thus being one of the first to distinguish phasing from flanging). It was widely employed in the studio and in live settings by artists such as
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which alter the phases of the different frequency components in the signal. These networks pass all frequencies at equal volume, introducing only phase change to the signal. Human ears are not very responsive to phase differences, but this creates audible
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Additionally, the output can be fed back to the input for a more intense effect, creating a resonant effect by emphasizing frequencies between notches. This involves feeding the output of the all-pass filter chain back to the input, as shown here:
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creates an unlimited series of equally spaced notches and peaks. It is possible to cascade a delay line with another type of all-pass filter. This combines the unlimited number of notches from the flanger with the uneven spacing of the phaser.
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version of itself. Flangers tend to sound more pronounced and natural, like the "jet plane whoosh" effect, whereas phasers tend to sound more subtle and otherworldly. For comparison of the two effects, check
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Phase 100 on his RMI 368x
Electra piano from 1974 (later he inserted this effect, as well as the fuzzbox, into the Electra's panel); from late 1977 he also used the phaser (along with a
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The frequency response of an 8-stage phaser with or without feedback is shown. Note that the peaks between the notches are sharper when there's feedback, giving a distinct sound.
429:. Unlike other phase shifters to follow, the Maestro PS-1 had three buttons to control the speed: slow, medium, and fast speed. Notable users of the Maestro Phase Shifter were
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30:"Phasing" redirects here. For the compositional technique in which a repetitive phrase is played on two musical instruments in steady but not identical tempo, see
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a signal by creating a series of peaks and troughs in the frequency spectrum. The position of the peaks and troughs of the waveform being affected is typically
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Introduction to Guitar Tone and
Effects: A Manual for Getting the Sounds from Electric Guitars, Amplifiers, Effects Pedals and Processors
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is a similar effect, in which the notches are linearly spaced. In a flanger effect, the notches are created by mixing the signal with a
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By the early 1970s, phasing was available as a portable guitar effect, the first being the
Maestro Phase Shifter PS-1 designed by
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when mixed back with the dry (unprocessed) signal, creating notches. The simplified structure of a mono phaser is shown below:
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https://www.guitarworld.com/gear/eddie-van-halen-how-he-created-his-signature-sound-using-mxrs-phase-90-and-flanger-pedals
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The electronic phasing effect is created by splitting an audio signal into two paths. One path treats the signal with an
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Synthi Hi-Fli. In country music, Waylon
Jennings was a notable user of the phaser effect, particularly prominent on "
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The Guitar Player Book: 40 Years of
Interviews, Gear, and Lessons from the World's Most Celebrated Guitar Magazine
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Phasers are often used to give a "synthesized" or electronic effect to natural sounds, such as human speech.
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helped to re-popularize the effect in the 21st century, utilizing it on a number of tracks on their
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A short, unprocessed Fender Rhodes sample, followed by the same sample with a stereo phasing effect
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generate specific frequencies, rather than natural sources, which produce a range of frequencies.
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A short, unprocessed string sample, followed by a few different phasing effects on the same sample
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often used the MXR Phase 90 as part of his signal chain, for example in the instrumental "
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signal; the output of the oscillators for the left and right channels are a quarter-wave
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Measured frequency response of an 8-stage phaser with 50% feedback, dry/wet ratio: 50/50%
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The definition of phaser typically excludes such devices where the all-pass section is a
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The Boss Book: The
Ultimate Guide to the World's Most Popular Compact Effects for Guitar
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Measured frequency response of an 8-stage phaser with no feedback, dry/wet ratio: 50/50%
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A short, unprocessed drum sample, followed by the same sample with a slow phasing effect
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589:(1974). The phaser is also used to "sweeten" their sounds. Examples can be heard in
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Hunter, Davectitle=Guitar effects pedals: the practical handbook (2004).
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effects pedal, designed by audio engineer Fumio Mieda, incorporated
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Maestro would later issue the PS-1B which had a speed control knob.
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607:(1976) on which he used an EHX Small Stone phaser extensively.
885:"Randall Walon Jennings Commander II 210 1976 - Black Effects"
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which featured a control knob for speed control. From 1974,
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so that they vary over time, creating a sweeping effect.
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Traditional electronic phasers use a series of variable
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phaser is usually two identical phasers modulated by a
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The term was often used to refer to the original tape
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for sound editing software, as a part of a monolithic
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575:were commonly treated with a phaser, especially in
553:Keyboard players also used phasing: in the 1970s,
493:used large amounts of phasing, in such songs as "
907:Guitar Effects Pedals - the Practical Handbook
684:Flanging § Comparison with phase shifting
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1050:The technology of phase shifters and flangers
833:"50th Flashback #1: The PS101 Instant Phaser"
808:Guitar effects pedals: the practical handbook
8:
693:is an early phase-shifting effect that uses
665:are also used to create synthetic effects.
641:also used a phase shifter hooked up to his
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623:CE-1) on his Hammond organ to replace the
321:Many modern phasers are implemented using
1495:Music technology (electronic and digital)
939:sfn error: no target: CITEREFHunter2010 (
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457:. Another notable early example was the
207:of an 8-stage phaser modulated by a sine
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522:Stereo phaser on a Fender Rhodes (VSTi)
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381:records of the late 1960s, notably "
959:. Hal Leonard. 2002. p. 104.
487:Are You Sure Hank Done It This Way
402:. Phasing is a popular effect for
25:
1336:Recording studio as an instrument
505:" and on the song "Atomic Punk".
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857:Molenda, Mike; Pau, Les (2007).
762:Physical Audio Signal Processing
544:Problems playing this file? See
526:
497:". In the late 1970s and 1980s,
477:(1974) album and tour, used the
357:Video demonstration of a phaser
160:Problems playing this file? See
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118:Problems playing this file? See
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73:Problems playing this file? See
55:
1022:Bill Evans: How My Heart Sings
474:The Lamb Lies Down On Broadway
1:
489:" (1975). In the late 1970s,
1519:Record production portal
1025:. Yale UP. pp. 227–28.
863:. Hal Leonard. p. 222.
673:A specific type of phasing,
468:Selling England by the Pound
226:; such a device is called a
1490:Music technology (electric)
986:. Hal Leonard. p. 28.
980:Brewster, David M. (2003).
910:. Hal Leonard. p. 81.
811:. Hal Leonard. p. 15.
593:'s "Just The Way You Are",
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175:electronic sound processor
141:phaser on distorted guitar
29:
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1061:The PS 101 Instant Phaser
1019:Pettinger, Peter (2002).
333:sound effect unit, or as
323:digital signal processing
781:"JH. Storm Tide Flanger"
483:Electronic Music Studios
187:low-frequency oscillator
1055:How does a phaser work?
211:applied to white noise.
51:Phaser on strings synth
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406:. In 1968, Shin-ei's
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27:Sweeping audio effect
756:Smith, J.O. (2010),
627:'s rotating effect.
555:keyboard instruments
248:phase-shift networks
1006:Gill, Chris (2015)
465:of Genesis, in the
1321:Hip hop production
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495:Sheer Heart Attack
455:The Isley Brothers
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917:978-0-87930-806-3
818:978-0-87930-806-3
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599:Jean Michel Jarre
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369:PT999 Phase Tone)
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1412:Horn section
1295:Reverse echo
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1255:Equalization
1225:Delay effect
1175:Punch in/out
1170:Ping-ponging
1138:Effects unit
1133:Effects loop
1123:Audio mixing
1113:Audio filter
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888:. Retrieved
879:
859:
852:
840:. Retrieved
836:
827:
807:
800:
789:. Retrieved
785:the original
775:
765:, retrieved
761:
751:
731:
712:Shepard tone
688:
672:
647:
633:
602:
584:
552:
479:phase filter
478:
472:
466:
459:MXR Phase 90
439:Alex Lifeson
435:Led Zeppelin
427:Tom Oberheim
424:
420:Robin Trower
416:Jimi Hendrix
396:Led Zeppelin
372:
320:
316:out of phase
305:
302:
275:
270:
264:
242:
221:
214:
191:
170:
168:
1465:Click track
1449:Vocal coach
1392:Backup band
1372:professions
1346:Turntablism
1220:Compression
1205:Pitch shift
1165:Overdubbing
1105:Engineering
931:Hunter 2010
639:Richard Tee
566:Eminent 310
451:Ernie Isley
412:phase shift
387:Small Faces
379:psychedelic
205:Spectrogram
1397:Bandleader
1356:Xenochrony
1311:aesthetics
1275:Noise gate
1235:Distortion
1197:processing
1160:Microphone
933:, p.
890:2024-08-16
791:2007-05-10
767:2020-01-27
743:References
654:television
615:) used an
609:Tony Banks
591:Billy Joel
581:Bill Evans
571:, and the
546:media help
312:quadrature
232:delay line
230:. Using a
224:delay line
162:media help
120:media help
75:media help
1307:Practices
1210:Auto-Tune
1185:Tape loop
1155:Diffusion
634:Discovery
629:Daft Punk
586:Intuition
557:like the
491:Brian May
331:rackmount
239:Structure
183:modulated
1533:Category
1382:Arranger
1341:Sampling
1265:Flanging
1143:Talk box
758:"Phaser"
701:See also
691:Uni-Vibe
675:flanging
573:Clavinet
503:Eruption
408:Uni-Vibe
391:Eventide
375:flanging
335:stompbox
245:all-pass
177:used to
1285:Pumping
1250:Ducking
1195:Signal
679:delayed
659:Vocoder
613:Genesis
604:Oxygène
327:plugins
228:flanger
196:Process
18:Phasing
1485:Medley
1480:Mashup
1290:Reverb
1280:Phaser
1029:
990:
963:
914:
867:
842:17 May
815:
625:Leslie
564:, the
389:. The
308:stereo
271:stages
179:filter
173:is an
171:phaser
1500:Remix
1458:Other
1368:Roles
1326:Lo-fi
1229:STEED
723:Notes
367:Maxon
359:pedal
341:Usage
1027:ISBN
988:ISBN
961:ISBN
941:help
912:ISBN
865:ISBN
844:2021
813:ISBN
689:The
661:and
621:Boss
595:Styx
449:and
443:Rush
418:and
398:and
1244:ADT
935:124
652:or
648:In
617:MXR
601:'s
453:of
441:of
433:of
422:.
361:on
318:.
209:LFO
1535::
1402:DJ
835:.
760:,
686:.
645:.
579:.
445:,
437:,
306:A
169:A
1246:)
1242:(
1231:)
1227:(
1089:e
1082:t
1075:v
1035:.
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611:(
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365:(
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20:)
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