135:
Although it is frequently claimed that the retina is burned by looking at the Sun, retinal damage appears to occur primarily due to photochemical injury rather than thermal injury. The temperature rise from looking at the Sun with a 3-mm pupil only causes a 4 °C increase in temperature,
136:
insufficient to photocoagulate. The energy is still phototoxic: since light promotes oxidation, chemical reactions occur in the exposed tissues with unbonded oxygen molecules. It also appears that central serous retinopathy can be a result of a depression in a treated solar damaged eye.
147:
A person with photic retinopathy may notice an impairment in their vision, for example a spot that does not go away after a reasonable recovery time, or blurring. They may also have eye pain or headaches. Vision impairment is usually in both eyes, but
182:
Photic retinopathy generally goes away on its own over time, but there is no specific treatment known to be reliable for speeding recovery. One path sometimes attempted, which has unclear results, is to treat the initial macular edema with
119:
due to solar retinopathy is typically reversible, lasting for as short as one month to over one year. The fundus changes are variable and usually bilateral, mild cases often show no alteration and moderate to severe cases show a
195:
Generally speaking, people diagnosed with photic retinopathy recover visual acuity completely within two months, though more severe cases may take longer, or not see complete recovery at all.
174:
goes away, within a few days the patient will generally develop a discoloration of the retina at the injured point, often yellow or white, turning red over the next few weeks.
139:
The duration of exposure necessary to cause injury varies with the intensity of light, and also affects the possibility and length of recovery.
382:
401:
7. ^ Stokkermans TJ, Dunbar MT. "Solar retinopathy in a hospital-based primary care clinic." J Am Optom Assoc. 1998 Oct;69(10):625-36.
152:
be in just one. Impairment of a person with 20/20 vision usually ends up being about 20/40 or 20/60, but can be better or far worse.
299:
78:. The term includes solar, laser, and welder's retinopathy and is synonymous with retinal phototoxicity. It usually occurs due to
124:
yellow spot on the first days after exposure. After a few days it is replaced by a reddish dot often surrounded by pigment.
425:
356:
Hunyor AB. "Solar retinopathy: its significance for the ageing eye and the younger pseudophakic patient."
420:
127:
Permanent holes and lesions are possible; prognosis worsens with dilated pupils or prolonged exposure.
226:
402:
361:
340:
317:
277:
252:
40:
310:
333:
155:
A doctor examining an eye with retinopathy may be able to see no signs at all, or a slight
303:
121:
67:
296:
314:
184:
91:
414:
156:
104:
83:
272:
Kallmark FP, Ygge J. "Photo-induced foveal injury after viewing a solar eclipse."
204:
116:
87:
75:
229:(2006). "Retinal Injuries from Light: Mechanisms, Hazards, and Prevention".
79:
55:
393:
344:
321:
281:
256:
406:
365:
163:, an oval colored spot normally visible to an eye doctor on each person's
297:"Solar retinopathy and associated optical coherence tomography findings."
110:
247:
Sefic-Kasumovic S, Firdus H, Alimanovic E, Ljaljevic S, Sefic M. "."
164:
160:
63:
59:
171:
71:
394:
383:
334:"UK hospitals assess eye damage after solar eclipse."
39:
29:
24:
16:Damage to the retina from intense sources of light
159:, which is a sort of blister on or under the
8:
378:
376:
374:
268:
266:
264:
21:
291:
289:
243:
241:
239:
215:
233:(4 ed.). Elsevier Mosby. pp. 1857-70.
7:
221:
219:
315:10.1111/j.1444-0938.2004.tb03100.x
14:
1:
70:or other bright light, e.g.,
66:, from prolonged exposure to
339:1999 Aug 21;319(7208):469.
442:
94:, or other bright light.
109:Central or paracentral
33:Foveomacular retinitis
360:1987 Nov;15(4):371-5.
358:Aust N Z J Ophthalmol.
309:2004 Nov;87(6):390-3.
276:2005 Oct;83(5):586-9.
274:Acta Ophthalmol Scand.
225:Mainster, Martin A;
170:But while even that
227:Turner, Patricia L.
62:, particularly the
302:2006-09-27 at the
103:Long-term reduced
98:Signs and symptoms
80:staring at the Sun
52:Photic retinopathy
25:Photic retinopathy
295:Chen JC, Lee LR.
251:2000;54(1):41-4.
54:is damage to the
49:
48:
35:Solar retinopathy
19:Medical condition
433:
396:
391:
385:
380:
369:
354:
348:
330:
324:
293:
284:
270:
259:
245:
234:
223:
86:, or viewing an
22:
441:
440:
436:
435:
434:
432:
431:
430:
411:
410:
399:
392:
388:
381:
372:
355:
351:
331:
327:
307:Clin Exp Optom.
304:Wayback Machine
294:
287:
271:
262:
246:
237:
224:
217:
213:
201:
193:
185:corticosteroids
180:
145:
133:
131:Pathophysiology
100:
68:solar radiation
34:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
439:
437:
429:
428:
423:
413:
412:
398:
397:
386:
370:
349:
325:
285:
260:
235:
214:
212:
209:
208:
207:
200:
197:
192:
189:
179:
176:
144:
141:
132:
129:
114:
113:
107:
99:
96:
92:Illuminant D65
47:
46:
43:
37:
36:
31:
27:
26:
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
438:
427:
426:Ophthalmology
424:
422:
419:
418:
416:
409:
408:
404:
395:
390:
387:
384:
379:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
353:
350:
346:
342:
338:
335:
329:
326:
323:
319:
316:
312:
308:
305:
301:
298:
292:
290:
286:
283:
279:
275:
269:
267:
265:
261:
258:
254:
250:
244:
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
222:
220:
216:
210:
206:
203:
202:
198:
196:
190:
188:
186:
177:
175:
173:
168:
166:
162:
158:
157:macular edema
153:
151:
142:
140:
137:
130:
128:
125:
123:
118:
112:
108:
106:
102:
101:
97:
95:
93:
89:
85:
84:solar eclipse
82:, watching a
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
45:Ophthalmology
44:
42:
38:
32:
28:
23:
421:Eye diseases
400:
389:
357:
352:
336:
328:
306:
273:
248:
230:
194:
181:
169:
154:
149:
146:
138:
134:
126:
115:
51:
50:
205:Retinopathy
117:Vision loss
88:ultraviolet
76:arc welders
30:Other names
415:Categories
332:Dobson R.
211:References
191:Prognosis
178:Treatment
143:Diagnosis
41:Specialty
345:10454393
322:15575813
300:Archived
282:16187997
257:10872275
249:Med Arh.
199:See also
105:eyesight
407:9805443
366:3435680
111:scotoma
405:
364:
343:
320:
280:
255:
231:Retina
165:retina
161:macula
122:foveal
72:lasers
64:macula
60:retina
172:edema
403:PMID
362:PMID
341:PMID
337:BMJ.
318:PMID
278:PMID
253:PMID
311:doi
150:can
74:or
58:'s
56:eye
417::
373:^
288:^
263:^
238:^
218:^
187:.
167:.
90:,
368:.
347:.
313::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.