20:
2392:
2360:
48:
2371:
1173:
medications have an increased risk of eye damage due to sungazing. During a solar eclipse, the risk of damage is especially high. When looking at the eclipsed Sun directly, the eyes
1101:
1181:. Without proper protection, this leads to a larger area for the Sun's UV rays to penetrate and do damage. This can be hard to prevent as the retina has no pain receptors.
495:
2452:
1121:. It is sometimes done as part of a spiritual or religious practice, most often near dawn or dusk. The human eye is very sensitive, and exposure to direct
1094:
170:
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784:
2212:
1687:
1087:
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309:
739:
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695:
72:
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668:
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1205:
in the early 20th century. His methods were widely debated at the time but ultimately discredited for lack of scientific rigor. The
240:
1073:
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985:
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79:
67:
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110:
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1038:
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550:
413:
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289:
210:
117:
62:
39:
1471:
Krasniz I, Beiran I, Miller B (1999-11-01). "Retinal lesion due to excessive exposure to sunlight".
2467:
2176:
2146:
2006:
1377:
Stokkermans TJ, Dunbar MT (Oct 1998). "Solar retinopathy in a hospital-based primary care clinic".
685:
470:
383:
160:
90:
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2227:
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2121:
1961:
1946:
1359:
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1153:
The damage to eyes from ultraviolet radiation can be serious and permanent due to damage to the
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2166:
2156:
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2021:
1996:
1931:
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853:
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2016:
1986:
1981:
1901:
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2111:
2101:
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2076:
1971:
1810:
1635:
1610:
1448:
1346:
1329:
1305:
1280:
1230:
1211:
reported in 1967 that "Bates (1920) advocated prolonged sun-gazing as the treatment of
1000:
873:
640:
625:
540:
460:
455:
2446:
2339:
2308:
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2116:
2096:
2001:
1976:
1916:
1911:
1845:
1820:
1770:
1745:
1725:
1661:
San Diego State
University Dept. of Astronomy information on solar observation safety
1499:
1178:
1138:
935:
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808:
620:
535:
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373:
336:
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257:
145:
95:
1363:
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2283:
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2131:
2011:
1991:
1780:
1760:
1750:
1735:
1720:
1328:
Neale, Rachel E.; Purdie, Jennifer L.; Hirst, Lawrence W.; Green, Adèle C. (2003).
1198:
990:
960:
833:
712:
600:
525:
425:
420:
326:
321:
272:
235:
180:
165:
1251:"Mill Valley man's film on people who stare at the sun among featured at festival"
1660:
2391:
2186:
2061:
1966:
1941:
1936:
1921:
1825:
1815:
1775:
1710:
1696:
1258:
1142:
950:
868:
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220:
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140:
135:
100:
47:
2237:
2196:
2041:
1795:
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1158:
1048:
545:
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520:
408:
155:
105:
2081:
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1800:
1790:
1524:
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905:
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570:
435:
1626:
1484:
1457:
1355:
1314:
1644:
1390:
2344:
2247:
1805:
1785:
1137:, and potentially blindness. Studies have shown that even when viewing a
1134:
1122:
883:
791:
630:
84:
1429:"Solar retinopathy and associated optical coherence tomography findings"
1835:
1765:
1161:
can prevent some harm, depending on the UV rating. People who have had
975:
893:
858:
848:
590:
19:
2222:
1224:
1212:
1154:
1063:
888:
843:
510:
1830:
940:
915:
796:
346:
18:
925:
779:
1669:
1665:
1118:
878:
2407:
1330:"Sun Exposure as a Risk Factor for Nuclear Cataract"
2327:
2256:
2205:
1859:
1703:
1117:is the unsafe practice of looking directly at the
1141:the eye can still be exposed to harmful levels of
1197:as one of a series of exercises included in his
2427:
1681:
1095:
8:
2434:
2420:
1688:
1674:
1666:
1102:
1088:
171:Association for Research and Enlightenment
26:
1634:
1576:"Exposing the Secrets of Fringe Eye Care"
1447:
1345:
1304:
1241:
38:
7:
2388:
2386:
2370:
2453:Natural environment based therapies
2406:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1449:10.1111/j.1444-0938.2004.tb03100.x
1347:10.1097/01.ede.0000086881.84657.98
14:
1574:Chou, Brian (15 September 2004).
1500:"The Sun, UV Light and Your Eyes"
1427:Chen JC, Lee LR (November 2004).
1406:"Photochemical Damage to the Eye"
241:Chiropractic treatment techniques
2390:
2369:
2359:
2358:
1404:D van Norren (October 1, 1991).
1285:British Journal of Ophthalmology
1044:Electromagnetic hypersensitivity
46:
1249:Liberatore, Paul (2009-09-30).
80:Alternative veterinary medicine
1201:, it became a popular form of
1169:, or are under the effects of
703:Water fluoridation controversy
659:Big Pharma conspiracy theories
1:
1074:Wilson's temperature syndrome
1059:Multiple chemical sensitivity
186:Biological terrain assessment
1215:, with disastrous results".
1416:(6): 232–234. 1548-9213/91.
735:Alternative medical systems
364:Fabunan Antiviral Injection
130:Fringe medicine and science
16:Staring directly at the Sun
2499:
2483:Alternative medicine stubs
2385:
2032:Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland
745:Biologically based therapy
305:Dental amalgam controversy
2353:
1255:Marin Independent Journal
369:Facilitated communication
1525:"Eclipse Viewing Safety"
1034:Candida hypersensitivity
216:Fake COVID-19 treatments
30:This article is part of
1892:Fereydoon Batmanghelidj
1609:Ridgway, A. E. (1967).
1479:(9): 378–80, 431, 430.
1297:10.1136/bjo.2006.091413
1208:British Medical Journal
708:COVID-19 misinformation
636:Young blood transfusion
516:Orthomolecular medicine
481:Mind–body interventions
151:Anthroposophic medicine
91:Rise of modern medicine
2052:Henry Valentine Knaggs
1627:10.1136/bmj.3.5559.212
1554:www.urmc.rochester.edu
740:Mind–body intervention
691:MMR vaccine and autism
681:Vaccine misinformation
576:Rapid prompting method
24:
2218:Germ theory denialism
2172:Russell Thacher Trall
2127:Edward Earle Purinton
1907:Friedrich Eduard Bilz
1279:Solomon, A S (2006).
1195:William Horatio Bates
1069:Vertebral subluxation
1018:Alternative diagnoses
606:Thought Field Therapy
246:Vertebral subluxation
22:
2458:Alternative medicine
2400:alternative medicine
2335:Alternative medicine
1872:Bertrand P. Allinson
1550:"2024 Solar Eclipse"
1167:photodynamic therapy
1039:Chronic Lyme disease
768:Traditional medicine
750:Manipulative methods
551:Postural Integration
414:Bach flower remedies
290:Craniosacral therapy
118:Therapeutic nihilism
63:Alternative medicine
40:Alternative medicine
2398:This article about
2177:Frank Newman Turner
2147:Gustav Schlickeysen
2007:Jesse Mercer Gehman
1611:"Solar retinopathy"
1590:on 13 December 2013
1586:(9). Archived from
1580:Review of Optometry
1203:alternative therapy
1177:due to the reduced
686:Vaccines and autism
676:Anti-vaccinationism
669:OPV AIDS hypothesis
471:Megavitamin therapy
384:Functional medicine
161:Applied kinesiology
57:General information
2299:Britt Marie Hermes
2228:Leaky gut syndrome
2162:Herbert M. Shelton
2122:Vincenz Priessnitz
1962:Hulda Regehr Clark
1947:Thierry Casasnovas
1054:Leaky gut syndrome
1029:Aerotoxic syndrome
966:Prophetic medicine
664:HIV/AIDS denialism
491:Myofascial release
399:Holistic dentistry
379:Feldenkrais Method
359:Estrogen dominance
285:Conversion therapy
25:
2415:
2414:
2383:
2382:
2243:Vaccine hesitancy
2167:John Henry Tilden
2157:Ernst Schweninger
2027:J. Stenson Hooker
2022:Adolphus Hohensee
1997:August Engelhardt
1932:Stanley Burroughs
1741:Chelation therapy
1127:solar retinopathy
1112:
1111:
839:Chinese herbology
596:Scientific racism
561:Psychodermatology
466:Medical intuitive
446:Lightning Process
404:Hologram bracelet
352:Therapeutic touch
253:Christian Science
226:Cancer treatments
2490:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2394:
2387:
2373:
2372:
2362:
2361:
2274:Barry Beyerstein
2092:Evarts G. Loomis
2067:Heinrich Lahmann
2057:Sebastian Kneipp
2037:Archibald Hunter
1957:John Christopher
1952:Eugene Christian
1731:Barefoot running
1690:
1683:
1676:
1667:
1649:
1648:
1638:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1571:
1565:
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1562:
1560:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1529:science.nasa.gov
1521:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1498:Turbert, David.
1495:
1489:
1488:
1468:
1462:
1461:
1451:
1433:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1410:News Physiol Sci
1401:
1395:
1394:
1379:J Am Optom Assoc
1374:
1368:
1367:
1349:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1308:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1257:. Archived from
1246:
1227:(breatharianism)
1171:photosensitizing
1163:cataract surgery
1104:
1097:
1090:
854:Gill plate trade
616:Vaginal steaming
263:Colloidal silver
231:Charcoal cleanse
50:
27:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2384:
2379:
2349:
2323:
2319:Wallace Sampson
2294:Morris Fishbein
2279:Arthur J. Cramp
2269:Stephen Barrett
2252:
2238:Natural hygiene
2201:
2192:Robert O. Young
2137:J. P. Sandlands
2107:Catherine Nimmo
2017:Gayelord Hauser
1987:Gaston Durville
1982:George J. Drews
1902:Henry G. Bieler
1887:J. Ellis Barker
1882:R. F. E. Austin
1877:Thomas Allinson
1867:Otto Abramowski
1855:
1851:Yoga as therapy
1756:Colon cleansing
1699:
1694:
1657:
1652:
1621:(5559): 212–4.
1608:
1607:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1558:
1556:
1548:
1547:
1543:
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1523:
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1518:
1508:
1506:
1497:
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1492:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1431:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1264:
1262:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1221:
1189:Referred to as
1187:
1151:
1108:
1079:
1078:
1024:Adrenal fatigue
1019:
1011:
1010:
785:Southern Africa
770:
760:
759:
730:
728:Classifications
720:
719:
696:in chiropractic
654:
646:
645:
566:Quantum healing
556:Psychic surgery
431:Ionized jewelry
394:Herbal medicine
342:Esoteric energy
332:Energy medicine
300:Cupping therapy
295:Crystal healing
268:Colon cleansing
206:Bowen technique
176:Auriculotherapy
131:
123:
122:
58:
23:A man sungazing
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2329:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2314:Steven Novella
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2289:Martin Gardner
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2264:Kimball Atwood
2260:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2213:Detoxification
2209:
2207:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2152:Johann Schroth
2149:
2144:
2142:Edgar J. Saxon
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2112:Ernest Nyssens
2109:
2104:
2102:Reddie Mallett
2099:
2094:
2089:
2087:Henry Lindlahr
2084:
2079:
2077:Eric Ledermann
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1972:Emmet Densmore
1969:
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1813:
1811:Nature therapy
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1655:External links
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1516:
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1436:Clin Exp Optom
1419:
1396:
1385:(10): 625–36.
1369:
1320:
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1240:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1231:Joseph Plateau
1228:
1220:
1217:
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874:Pressure point
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755:Energy therapy
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643:
641:Zero balancing
638:
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626:Vision therapy
623:
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608:
603:
598:
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588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
541:Parapsychology
538:
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523:
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508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
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468:
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461:Manual therapy
458:
456:Magnet therapy
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310:Detoxification
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87:(health fraud)
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15:
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2356:
2355:
2352:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2340:Pseudoscience
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2309:Carl Malmberg
2307:
2305:
2304:Terence Hines
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
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2287:
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2262:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2244:
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2239:
2236:
2234:
2233:Mucoid plaque
2231:
2229:
2226:
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2221:
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2216:
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2211:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2198:
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2185:
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2175:
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2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2117:Cyril V. Pink
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2097:Benedict Lust
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2002:Emanuel Felke
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1977:Kurt Donsbach
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1917:Rudolf Breuss
1915:
1913:
1912:Carlos Brandt
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1846:Urine therapy
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1821:Ozone therapy
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1771:Grape therapy
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1746:Chromotherapy
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1726:Balneotherapy
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
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1709:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1691:
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1632:
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1577:
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1530:
1526:
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1388:
1384:
1380:
1373:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1340:(6): 707–12.
1339:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
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1261:on 2009-10-05
1260:
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1218:
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1192:
1184:
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1179:visible light
1176:
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1168:
1164:
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1148:
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1139:solar eclipse
1136:
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1128:
1124:
1120:
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919:
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914:
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911:Faith healing
909:
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904:
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899:
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892:
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845:
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840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
819:Bush medicine
817:
815:
812:
810:
809:Balneotherapy
807:
803:
800:
798:
795:
794:
793:
790:
786:
783:
781:
778:
777:
776:
773:
772:
769:
764:
763:
756:
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751:
748:
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738:
736:
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732:
729:
724:
723:
714:
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710:
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697:
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689:
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684:
682:
679:
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670:
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662:
660:
657:
656:
653:Controversies
650:
649:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
621:Vegetotherapy
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
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587:
584:
582:
579:
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572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
536:Ozone therapy
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
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502:
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479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
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459:
457:
454:
452:
451:Lymphotherapy
449:
447:
444:
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439:
437:
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432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
415:
412:
411:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
389:Hair analysis
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
374:FasciaBlaster
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
337:Correactology
335:
334:
333:
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328:
325:
323:
320:
316:
313:
312:
311:
308:
306:
303:
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296:
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288:
286:
283:
281:
280:Colorpuncture
278:
274:
271:
270:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
258:Chromotherapy
256:
254:
251:
247:
244:
242:
239:
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234:
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229:
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159:
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149:
147:
146:Alkaline diet
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
133:
127:
126:
119:
116:
112:
109:
108:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
96:Pseudoscience
94:
92:
89:
86:
83:
81:
78:
74:
71:
69:
66:
65:
64:
61:
60:
54:
53:
49:
45:
44:
41:
37:
33:
29:
28:
21:
2473:Eye diseases
2408:expanding it
2397:
2357:
2284:David Gorski
2182:Alfred Vogel
2132:Arnold Rikli
2072:Gordon Latto
2012:Theodor Hahn
1992:Arnold Ehret
1840:
1781:Hydrotherapy
1761:Ear candling
1751:Chiropractic
1736:Bates method
1721:Aromatherapy
1618:
1614:
1604:
1592:. Retrieved
1588:the original
1583:
1579:
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1553:
1544:
1532:. Retrieved
1528:
1519:
1507:. Retrieved
1503:
1493:
1476:
1472:
1466:
1442:(6): 390–3.
1439:
1435:
1422:
1413:
1409:
1399:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1337:
1334:Epidemiology
1333:
1323:
1291:(6): 665–6.
1288:
1284:
1274:
1263:. Retrieved
1259:the original
1244:
1206:
1199:Bates method
1190:
1188:
1152:
1125:can lead to
1114:
1113:
991:Thai massage
961:Naftalan oil
834:Blood stasis
713:Turbo cancer
601:ThetaHealing
526:Osteomyology
426:Hypnotherapy
421:Hydrotherapy
327:Ear candling
322:Dry needling
273:Coffee enema
236:Chiropractic
201:Bone-setting
181:Bates method
166:Aromatherapy
2478:Naturopathy
2187:Ann Wigmore
2062:Louis Kuhne
1967:Victor Dane
1942:Paul Carton
1937:Otto Carque
1927:James Burns
1922:Haydn Brown
1897:Robert Bell
1860:Naturopaths
1826:Reflexology
1816:Oil pulling
1806:Mud bathing
1776:Halotherapy
1711:Acupuncture
1697:Naturopathy
1504:www.aao.org
1281:"Pterygium"
1165:, received
1145:radiation.
1143:ultraviolet
951:Mien Shiang
869:Moxibustion
581:Reflexology
506:Oil pulling
501:Naturopathy
441:Jilly Juice
221:Camel urine
191:Black salve
141:Acupuncture
136:Acupressure
101:Antiscience
73:Terminology
2468:Eye injury
2447:Categories
2197:Arno Wolle
2042:Adolf Just
1796:Homeopathy
1716:Apitherapy
1265:2009-10-17
1237:References
1159:sunglasses
1157:. Wearing
1049:Heavy legs
1006:Vietnamese
986:Sri Lankan
546:Phrenology
531:Osteopathy
521:Orthopathy
409:Homeopathy
315:Foot detox
211:Breathwork
156:Apitherapy
111:Scientific
106:Skepticism
2082:Elmer Lee
2047:Hans Kalm
1841:Sungazing
1801:Iridology
1791:Herbalism
1704:Practices
1185:Movements
1135:cataracts
1131:pterygium
1115:Sungazing
971:Shamanism
956:Mongolian
931:Kayakalpa
906:Curandero
824:Cambodian
814:Brazilian
611:Urophagia
571:Radionics
476:Mesmerism
436:Iridology
2364:Category
2345:Quackery
2248:Vitalism
1786:Naturism
1485:11419039
1473:Harefuah
1458:15575813
1364:40041207
1356:14569187
1315:16714259
1219:See also
1123:sunlight
941:Japanese
884:San Jiao
864:Meridian
792:Ayurveda
631:Vitalism
196:Bodywork
85:Quackery
32:a series
2375:Commons
2328:Related
2257:Critics
2206:Beliefs
1836:Rolfing
1766:Fasting
1645:6028468
1636:1842517
1559:11 June
1534:11 June
1509:11 June
1391:9805443
1306:1860212
1191:sunning
996:Tibetan
976:Shiatsu
921:Iranian
901:Chumash
894:Zang-fu
859:Long gu
849:Gua sha
829:Chinese
775:African
591:Rolfing
68:History
2223:Holism
1643:
1633:
1483:
1456:
1389:
1362:
1354:
1313:
1303:
1225:Inedia
1213:myopia
1175:dilate
1155:retina
1149:Damage
1064:PANDAS
981:Siddha
946:Korean
889:Tui na
844:Dit da
511:Orgone
2402:is a
1831:Reiki
1594:1 May
1432:(PDF)
1360:S2CID
1001:Unani
936:Kambo
916:Hilot
797:Dosha
347:Reiki
2404:stub
1641:PMID
1596:2011
1561:2024
1536:2024
1511:2024
1481:PMID
1454:PMID
1387:PMID
1352:PMID
1311:PMID
926:Jamu
802:MVAH
780:Muti
586:RBOP
496:NAET
2463:Sun
1631:PMC
1623:doi
1615:BMJ
1584:141
1477:137
1444:doi
1342:doi
1301:PMC
1293:doi
1193:by
1119:Sun
486:MMS
2449::
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