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and the workers ceased their labour as planned. Carreira summoned the PIDE who arrived around 4 o'clock and demanded the workers resume their work. The strikers refused, and proceeded to barricade themselves in by closing the gates to the quay. Brandishing oars and harpoons, the strikers armed themselves in an attempt to deter the police from rushing in.
364:(political police) were ordered not to use force against the striking workers, presumably to avoid escalating the conflict. The workers, realizing this development, attempted to take the docks by force, and police reinforcements were required. Arrests were eventually made, but the episode left the police humiliated.
388:
On the morning of 3 August, the dock-workers were set to meet with
Antonio Carreira, the manager of Casa Gouveia, to negotiate their wage increase. They had decided beforehand to stop working altogether at 3 o'clock in the afternoon should their demands not be met. The meeting did not prove fruitful,
413:
The authorities blamed the PAIGC of fomenting discontent among the workers, and the party's supporters had to rethink long range strategies for achieving their goals. In
September 1959 Cabral and several PAIGC members met in Bissau and decided nonviolent protest in the city would not bring about
349:
controlled much of the commerce on the
Pijiguiti docks through a subsidiary called Casa Gouveia. Although the Portuguese colonial government had enacted a number of reforms in these years to try and quell the growing anti-colonial and pro-independence sentiments in the region, low wages and poor
392:
The police, rather than risk defeat in open combat, opened fire on the striking workers, even throwing grenades. The workers had nowhere to run, and a number were killed within about 5 minutes. A few managed to escape via the water in their own boats, but the majority of them were pursued and
270:
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The 1956 strike was overall unsuccessful, and wages remained extremely low. The continued growing unrest among the port workers was evident even to high-ranking colonial officials, including Army Under-Secretary of State
170:
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arrived on the scene quickly. The PAIGC were aware of the strike plans, and had endorsed the maneuver as an act of civil resistance against the colonial government. The PIDE quickly arrested PAIGC members, including
1507:
372:
who remarked in late 1958 that a dock-workers' revolt was likely and advised the governor to grant the wage demands of the workers in the interest of stability. This advice, however, was never acted upon.
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Preparations for another strike were organized in late July 1959, with workers meeting under the quay palm trees to discuss the specifics. Indeed,
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426:-supported PAIGC soldiers against 35,000 Portuguese and African troops, and would eventually lead to independence in Cape Verde and all of
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333:(PAIGC), arresting several of its members. The incident caused PAIGC to abandon their campaign of nonviolent resistance, leading to the
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change. They concluded that the only hope for achieving independence was through armed struggle. This was the initial point in a
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Near the docks, there is now a large black fist known as the Hand of Timba which was erected as a memorial to those killed.
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405:. The PAIGC's involvement gave the colonial authorities a convenient scapegoat on which to lay the blame for the unrest.
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arrested, or shot dead in the water. Between 25–50 workers died at the scene, along with many more wounded.
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by employees of Casa
Gouveia occurred on 6 March 1956. On this occasion, the Portuguese security forces and
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677:— extracts of a text by Josep Sanchez Cervelló, in "Guerra Colonial" — Aniceto Afonso, Matos Gomes
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1959 mass killing of striking workers by state police (PIDE) in Bissau, Portuguese Guinea
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The day of the massacre, 3 August, is a public day of remembrance in Guinea-Bissau.
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671:— commentaries and historical corrections to Luís Cabral's "Crónica da Libertação"
309:(also spelled Pijiguiti) was an incident that took place on 3 August 1959 at the
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576:"Carlos Correia: a testemunha do "Massacre de Pidjiguiti" | DW | 16 August 2014"
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News of the massacre spread quickly, and members of the revolutionary group
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664:(Lisboa: O Jornal. 1984. 65–73) – excerpts, commented by A. Marques Lopes
123:
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sometimes referred to the incident as "the massacre of
Pijiguiti Quay".
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475:"Guinea-Bissau: The Cause of Nationalism and the Foundation of PAIGC"
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Aerial photo of Bissau, 1955; Pidjiguiti docks are front and centre
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Conference of
Nationalist Organizations of the Portuguese Colonies
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working conditions still served as catalysts for social unrest.
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Simbologia de
Pindjiguiti na óptica libertária da Guiné-Bissau
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633:"Crumbling architecture of former narco-state in Bissau"
525:. Lisbon: Edições D. Jaime/H. Baber. pp. 285–286.
551:"Guinea and Cabo Verde against Portuguese Colonialism"
675:
Efemérides — Pidjiguiti, violenta repressão em Bissau
510:(in Portuguese). Braga: Ed. Franciscana. p. 855.
692:
Guerra na Guiné – Os Leões Negros: 1959 – Pidjiguiti
688:, with commentaries by Luís Graça). 21 February 2006
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1523:United Nations Security Council Resolution 312
1513:United Nations Security Council Resolution 180
1273:Popular Forces of the Liberation of Mozambique
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1342:(January 23, 1963 – September 10, 1974)
682:Os acontecimentos de Pindjiguit em 1959
508:História das Missoes Católicas da Guiné
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1429:(25 September 1964 – 8 September 1974)
1253:People's Army of Liberation of Angola
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1263:Armed Forces of Liberation of Angola
1692:Museum of the Armed Forces (Angola)
1258:National Liberation Army of Angola
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1297:(4 February 1961 – 25 April 1974)
473:Duarte Silva, António E. (2006).
335:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
182:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
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1647:Processo Revolucionário Em Curso
1601:No, or the Vain Glory of Command
1783:Massacres committed by Portugal
1778:Labor disputes in Guinea-Bissau
1:
1667:Mozambique–Portugal relations
506:Rema, Henrique Pinto (1982).
1758:August 1959 events in Africa
1707:Portuguese Paratroop Nurses
1305:Strike in Baixa do Cassange
1024:António de Oliveira Salazar
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1763:Massacres in Guinea-Bissau
1748:1959 in Portuguese Guinea
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1657:Angola–Portugal relations
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1159:Francisco da Costa Gomes
549:Cabral, Amílcar (1961).
495:– via OpenEdition.
370:Francisco da Costa Gomes
1226:Portuguese Armed Forces
762:Portuguese Colonial War
728:Portuguese Colonial War
723:Portuguese Colonial War
521:Jaime, Drumond (1999).
1672:Portuguese Mozambicans
416:11-year armed struggle
347:Companhia União Fabril
313:'s Pijiguiti docks in
1677:Heckler & Koch G3
788:Portuguese Mozambique
662:Crónica da Libertação
600:Crónica da Libertação
94:11.85000°N 15.58333°W
1702:League of Combatants
1637:Portuguese Commandos
1615:The Two Faces of War
1579:Mozambican Civil War
1549:Carnation Revolution
1210:João Bernardo Vieira
1198:Filipe Samuel Magaia
432:Carnation Revolution
321:. Dock workers went
1662:Portuguese Angolans
1350:Pidjiguiti massacre
1282:Military operations
1144:Military commanders
1087:Luis Ranque Franque
422:that pitted 10,000
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1687:Dragoons of Angola
1166:António de Spínola
821:Insurgents/aligned
1773:Massacres in 1959
1753:Conflicts in 1959
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637:www.aljazeera.com
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138:Perpetrators
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1559:24/20 order
1134:Luís Cabral
800:Estado Novo
686:republished
485:: 142–167.
424:Soviet bloc
269: [
119:Attack type
97: /
72:Coordinates
1742:Categories
1652:Retornados
1424:Mozambique
1370:Ciclone II
1246:Irregulars
1048:Lúcio Lara
770:Background
453:References
430:after the
341:Background
198:Pidjiguiti
85:15°35′00″W
82:11°51′00″N
1542:Aftermath
1473:Abanadela
1465:Nó Górdio
1404:Mar Verde
1318:Esmeralda
1241:Air Force
642:1 October
617:1 October
585:1 October
409:Aftermath
337:in 1963.
323:on strike
265:«Byvalyj»
251:Green Sea
1726:Category
1621:A Guerra
1356:Tridente
985:Rhodesia
974:Portugal
937:Bulgaria
912:Tanzania
717:See also
710:Part III
384:Massacre
293:Gadamael
124:Massacre
41:Location
1642:Flechas
1487:Marosca
1377:Vulcano
1311:Viriato
1192:frelimo
1092:frelimo
957:Morocco
947:Romania
922:Senegal
907:Tunisia
902:Algeria
857:FRELIMO
706:Part II
286:Guileje
258:Guidaje
230:Vulcano
218:Griffin
211:Trident
1768:Bissau
1697:RENAMO
1480:Penada
1337:Guinea
1292:Angola
952:Israel
927:Guinea
917:Zambia
702:Part I
580:dw.com
529:
436:Lisbon
358:strike
315:Bissau
224:Cheche
133:25–50+
130:Deaths
59:Bissau
49:Bissau
1630:Other
1450:Marte
1443:Águia
1363:Grifo
1204:paigc
1113:paigc
1068:unita
990:Spain
932:Congo
897:Zaire
887:China
871:FLING
864:PAIGC
843:UNITA
398:PAIGC
273:]
244:1970s
204:1960s
193:1950s
1457:Zeta
1391:Jove
1236:Navy
1231:Army
1180:mpla
1082:flec
1054:fnla
1035:mpla
892:Cuba
850:FLEC
836:FNLA
829:MPLA
644:2019
619:2019
587:2019
562:2019
527:ISBN
483:9/10
362:PIDE
327:PIDE
305:The
237:Jove
142:PIDE
110:Date
487:doi
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