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136:, an influential physician of the king. No means of his financial stability are mentioned (Magnol did not have a wealthy family to support him) but it is suggested that he was practicing medicine and had an income out of that. From 1659 on he devoted much of his time to the study of botany and made several trips through the
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Pierre Magnol was born into a family of apothecaries (pharmacists). His father Claude ran a pharmacy as did his grandfather Jean Magnol. Pierre's mother was from a family of physicians. Pierre's older brother Cesar succeeded his father in the pharmacy. Pierre, being one of the younger children, had
92:(c. 1493–1553), all studied at this university. So it was in one of the intellectual and botanical capitals that Magnol took his education. He got his doctor's degree (M.D.) on 11 January 1659. After receiving his degree, his attention once again shifted to botany, this time even more seriously.
152:. In 1664 there was a vacancy for 'Demonstrator of plants' in Montpellier and Magnol was proposed for the position. He was denied the appointment because of religious discrimination. This happened again in 1667 when he was the leading candidate for the chair of Professor of medicine.
116:(1598), Protestants officially had religious freedom and the right to work in any field or for the state. The edict did not end religious persecution and discrimination. In his life, Magnol was several times denied a position because of religious discrimination. With the
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for a short while. He was one of the innovators who devised the botanical scheme of classification. He was the first to publish the concept of plant families as they are understood today, a natural classification of groups of plants that have features in common.
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he developed 76 tables, which not only grouped plants into families but also allowed for an easy and rapid identification by means of the morphological characters, the same he used to compose the groups (Magnol, 1689).
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more freedom to choose his own profession, and wanted to become a physician. He had become devoted to natural history and especially botany at an early stage in his life. He enrolled as a student in medicine at the
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Magnol's most important contribution to science is without doubt the invention of the concept of plant families, a natural classification, based on combinations of morphological characters, as set out in his
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Botanicum
Monspeliense, sive Plantarum circa Monspelium nascentium index. Adduntur variarum plantarum descriptiones et icones. Cum appendice quae plantas de novo repertas continet et errata emendat.
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Magnol was one of the founding members of the Société Royale des
Sciences de Montpellier (1706) and held one of the three chairs in botany. In 1709 he was called to Paris to occupy the seat in the
210:(1656–1708), he was nominated 'doctor to the kings court'. In 1694 he finally was appointed Professor of medicine at the University of Montpellier. Through intervention of Fagon, he received a
214:. Magnol was also appointed Director of the botanic garden in 1696, for a three-year period. After that, he received the title 'Inspector of the garden' for the rest of his life.
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43:, where he lived and worked for most of his life. He became Professor of Botany and Director of the Royal Botanic Garden of Montpellier and held a seat in the
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In 1687, after his conversion to
Catholicism, Magnol eventually became 'Demonstrator of plants' at the botanic garden of Montpellier. In 1693, recommended by
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for the study of medicine and pharmacology. Its medical school attracted students from all over Europe. Individuals well-known in medicine and botany such as
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Meanwhile Magnol had contacts with many prominent botanist and was highly esteemed by his contemporaries. He corresponded with
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By Magnol's time the city of
Montpellier was already long established as an important commercial and educational centre. The
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http://web.clas.ufl.edu/users/rhatch/pages/03-Sci-Rev/SCI-REV-Home/resource-ref-read/major-minor-ind/westfall-dsb/SAM-M.htm
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plantarum, in duo tractatus divisus: primus, de herbis & subfructibus, secundus, de fructibus & arboribus.
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249:). His work may be regarded as one of the first steps towards the composition of a tree of life. In his
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Hortus regius
Monspeliense, sive Catalogus plantarum quae in Horto Regio Monspeliensi demonstrantur.
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565:. Plumier honored several other notable persons by naming genera of plants after them. p.38
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Prodromus historiae generalis plantarum, in quo familiae plantarum per tabulas disponuntur.
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Prodromus historiae generalis plantarum, in quo familiae plantarum per tabulas disponuntur
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that was left empty when his former student Joseph Pitton de
Tournefort died prematurely.
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Prodromus historiae generalis plantarum in quo familiae plantarum per tabulas disponuntur
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was the first French university to establish a botanic garden, donated in 1593 by King
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became the generally recognized name of a large genus of ornamental flowering trees.
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Botanicum
Monspeliense, sive Plantarum circa Monspelium nascentium index.
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in 1685, Magnol renounced
Protestantism and converted to Catholicism.
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https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6244284d/f33.item.texteImage
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Gregorian calendar date, which had been in use in France since 1582
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La botanique à Montpellier. Études historiques, notes et documents
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363:, taking it for the same species as that described by Plumier.
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Montpellier, posthumous edition, attended to by his son,
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Among Magnol's students were
Tournefort and the brothers
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387:
Aiello, T (2003). "Pierre Magnol: His life and works".
206:(1638–1718), then court physician, and his own student
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Revue d'histoire des sciences et de leurs applications
328:(1646–1704) named a flowering tree from the island of
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In December 1663 Magnol received the honorary title
526:Magnol, Pierre (1638-1715) Auteur du texte (1689).
88:(c. 1564–1632), and the great writer (and doctor)
337:, after Magnol. The name was later adopted by
389:Magnolia, the Journal of the Magnolia Society
112:was the official state church, but since the
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603:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Calvinism
367:took over this name in the first edition of
542:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
511:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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104:and Magnol was raised in the tradition of
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560:Nova plantarum Americanarum genera
451:Dulieu, L. (1959). "Les Magnols".
32:(8 June 1638 – 21 May 1715) was a
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419:Biographical notes upon botanists
118:revocation of the Edict of Nantes
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351:The Natural History of Carolina
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598:17th-century French botanists
236:Major contribution to science
100:Montpellier was a bastion of
39:. He was born in the city of
618:Scientists from Montpellier
212:brevet de professeur royale
208:Joseph Pitton de Tournefort
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608:Botanists active in Europe
86:Pierre Richer de Belleval
66:University of Montpellier
59:University of Montpellier
130:brevet de médecine royal
497:Planchon, J.E. (1884).
417:Barnhart, J.H. (1965).
347:Johann Jacob Dillenius
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132:through mediation of
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557:Plumier, C. (1703).
381:Notes and references
360:Magnolia virginiana
82:Charles de l'Ecluse
52:Youth and education
343:Hortus Elthamensis
245:(1689) (See under
230:Bernard de Jussieu
204:Guy-Crescent Fagon
78:Guillaume Rondelet
70:Henry IV of France
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370:Species plantarum
199:), among others.
110:Roman Catholicism
90:François Rabelais
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316:(1676–1759).
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307:Novus caracter
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628:1715 deaths
623:1638 births
395:(74): 1–10.
258:Major works
247:major works
193:J. Salvador
167:(England),
148:and to the
41:Montpellier
592:Categories
330:Martinique
538:cite book
507:cite book
486:: 97–100.
480:Endeavour
427:cite book
421:. Boston.
251:Prodromus
197:Barcelona
144:, to the
138:Languedoc
106:Calvinism
563:. Paris.
375:Magnolia
365:Linnaeus
334:Magnolia
324:In 1703
157:John Ray
150:Pyrenees
142:Provence
96:Religion
37:botanist
320:Eponymy
269:Lyon.
226:Antoine
349:, and
191:) and
189:ZĂĽrich
177:Leiden
140:, the
124:Career
34:French
544:link
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303:1720
293:1697
283:1689
273:1686
263:1676
228:and
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