273:
295:
20:
250:
315:, where the pin was depicted far back as the Gupta period (3rd century a.d. β 543 a.d.). An example from that era can be seen in a relief at the Pawaya site in modern Madya Pradesh, India. The pin may have been introduced to Cambodia in its first kingdom, Funan; however, few structures and evidence remain from this period.
602:
Since its introduction from India, the initial
Pinpeat ensemble had been developed as more musical instruments were added or replaced by other local instruments. In the 3rd century, more instruments were added to the ensemble by Khmer craftsman and musicians. There we can see the emergence of various
338:
era (9th β 15th centuries a.d.), it was played in the royal Khmer ensemble and disappeared at the end of 12th century
Although the pin disappeared from pinpeat ensemble for some 800 years, the Khmer still called this kind of ensemble what it had been called since the ancient time. In 2013, the pin
667:
Today, there are more than 250 Pinpeat songs being researched based on a document found in the street of Phnom Penh in 1979 after Khmer Rouge collapsed. These songs narrated various stories such as describing love, nature, Khmer daily life and its neighbors, and else. While some specific musics are
342:
In 2014, more than 200 paintings were revealed at Angkor. The pinpeat ensemble was depicted in two hidden images discovered on the magnificent temple's wall. One of two images that depicted the pinpeat ensemble can be seen clearly through computer-enhancement and it is identical to today's pinpeat
437:
period, sending as a present some musicians and products of the country to the "Kingdom of Kra Vo under the reign of the King Sun Chorn" (sometimes labeled "Chinese
Emperor") in Southern China in 243 a.d. Another record mentioned the Khmer musicians from
411:. Organized music in this period was centered around religious and royal organizations. On one side, two groups of musician served the Khmer brahmins and the buddhists, while on the other side, the pinpheat reflected the power of the Angkorian monarch.
339:
was revived by
Patrick KersalΓ©, a French ethnomusicologist and Sonankavei, a Cambodian musical craftsman and professor. Modern musicians have begun experimenting, reincorporating the pin into the pinpeat, its place in the Angkorian court 800 years ago.
418:(1st-6th century AD). During that kingdom's existence, Indian religions, culture and traditions were introduced to Southeast Asia, beginning as early as the 1st century a.d. During the Funan period, there was a group of musicians called
1302:
622:
The insert of these local instruments into the initial
Pinpeat ensemble (small pinpeat ensemble) make the music made by the ensemble more flawless, gentle, and melodious than it previously do. This ensemble is called
1656:(A.D. 240 β 243), the King Fan Siyon had Khmer dance and orchestra. He sent his performing team to the Kingdom of Kra Vo under the reign of the King Sun Chorn in Southern China. The orchestra was Pin Peat...
326:, the successor of Funan. This instrument appeared in Hindu religious art in temples from the 7th to 13th centuries A.D. The instrument was frequently seen being depicted on the walls of Sambor Prey Kuk,
230:
was also used among
Cambodians familiar with the Thai language; this can be attributed to the former annexation of the northern provinces of Cambodia, however, Pinpeat in fact originated from Cambodia.
343:
orchestra, including the absent pin. Pipeat was also regarded as the royal ensemble and accompanied in Khmer traditional and royal festivities in the post-Angkorian periods until today.
272:
426:
was used as an instrument in the group. During the reign of Funan king Fan Chan (or Fan Siyon), 225-250 a.d., the country "entered relations" with the
Murunda Dynasty, who ruled
1082:
The small
Pinpeat ensemble is accompanied in various Cambodian national festivals, Buddhist celebrations, traditional dances, traditional drama, funeral, and other rituals.
574:
This small
Pinpeat ensemble was thought to be the initial Pinpeat orchestra played since its origin until today, consisted of a few musical instruments such as:
1872:
394:
would watch the performance..." Later on, more musical instruments were added or replaced by others and developed to form a unique Khmer musical ensemble.
699:, and many other traditional dances and rituals. The music list below is played in accordance to various episodes in Masked Drama and Shadow theatre.
454:
dynasties. This βFunan musicβ was a ritual music and dance form with
Buddhist coloring from the pre-Angkorian kingdom of Funan (Khmer, Nokor Phnom).
1730:
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is the principle Cambodian Pinpeat music plays for the opening of Khmer traditional festivities and rituals. Sathukar accompanies in
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1627:
1617:
1593:
1654:. Cambodia: Cambodia Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts With the contribution of UNESCO/Japanese Funds-in-Trust. 2008. p. v53.
1334:. Cambodia: Cambodia Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts With the contribution of UNESCO/Japanese Funds-in-Trust. 2008. p. 53.
446:. Another Chinese source also mentioned the famous music of Funan (Cambodia) that became popular and was played at the courts of
307:
The history of the pinpeat can be traced back to the origins Khmer music. The orchestra and its lead instrument of that era, the
1449:
442:
which visited China in 236 CE. The Chinese emperor was so impressed that he even ordered the institute of Funanese music near
190:
According to Sonankavei, the professor from the Department of Music of the Cambodian Royal University of Fine Art, the word
1867:
1579:
1352:
1862:
1841:
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1523:
427:
405:, as lead instruments. This dates back as far as the Angkorian period, when there was a group of musicians called the
1600:
between 225 and 250...first to enter into official and direct relations with the princes of India...according to the
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548:
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117:
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Khmer people call this music "Pin Peat" because this orchestra combines Pin and Peat (Koang Peat) instruments
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All kind of Pinpeat ensembles play significant role in Cambodian society and daily life since its origin.
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105:
1119:
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While the big Pinpeat ensemble play more role and significance than the previous. These roles include:
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King Fan Chan is also known today for establishing relations with a ruler in Southern China during the
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The pinpeat, in its form originating in India, consisted of four musical instruments, the pin (harp), (
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1819:
1135:
696:
677:
318:
The earliest surviving depiction of the pin in Cambodia is dated to the 7th century on the temple at
125:
1795:
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Pipeat ensemble divided into different type depend on the instruments accompanied in its ensemble.
19:
1115:
355:
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Accompanied in the congratulation for the troop march returned to the city defeated the enemies.
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Bot Ot Thum: played during the hardship, break up, crying down (for human and monkey characters)
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1675:
1623:
1589:
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1399:
1152:
684:
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1391:
722:
Bot Trak: making magics, transforming physical appearance or while shooting an arrow episode
89:
1604:, who in 243 'sent an embassy to offer a present of musicians and products to the country'
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387:
319:
294:
101:
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1634:
Buddhism reasserted itself in Kalinga under the Murunda dynasty in the third century A.D.
1622:. Carbondale and Edwardsville, Illinois: Southern Illinois University Press. p. 17.
462:
This list presents instruments which are or have been used in various Pinpeat ensembles.
1835:
1877:
1093:
819:
434:
327:
84:
70:
737:
Bot Ot Toch: played during the hardship, crying (for human, giant, and monkey) episode
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706:: accompanied in for the opening rituals of the drama and paying homage to ancestral
402:
363:
279:
207:
56:
52:
1829:
1162:
839:
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451:
40:
32:
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The pinpheat may have debuted in Southeast Asia during the first Khmer kingdom of
23:
Royal dance orchestra, Phnom Penh, c. 1907. Instruments from the left: front row:
1395:
278:
Instrument labeled "peatkong" c. 1870 at the Cambodian court. Today known as the
175:(harp), which was formerly used as the premiere instrument in this ensemble, and
1131:
746:
Bot Chert Chhoerng: played during arrow shooting or undermine the ritual episode
692:
673:
447:
284:
132:
ceremonies. This ensemble is originated in Cambodia since before Angkorian era.
121:
1142:
Drama. Sometimes this ensemble can be performed in other local rituals as well.
1382:
Powell, Alexandra (July 2013). "Independence Monument, Phnom Penh, Cambodia".
831:
827:
608:
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423:
308:
249:
172:
156:
140:
28:
1403:
1104:
612:
510:
475:
470:
371:
358:(small cymbals), based on an Indian epic. The narration said that "One day,
109:
97:
48:
36:
749:
Bot Neang Lot: played for comedian character or the traveling of the locals
92:. It has performed the ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples of
129:
113:
93:
1824:
1139:
1108:
443:
383:
367:
351:
136:
24:
1450:"Cambodia works to revive an ancient harp, plucked from a temple wall"
545:- a type of bamboo flute (was used in place of the sralai in the past)
1157:
808:
756:
719:
Bot S'mer: played during the paying respect and taking a rest episode
616:
528:
520:
466:
379:
335:
323:
194:
is derived from the combination of two musical instruments including
159:'s Khmer dictionary, the 'Pinpeat' is composed of the Sanskrit terms
144:
44:
725:
Bot Domner Knung: played during the marching of giant troops episode
1218:"αααααααα·ααααααα»ααΆαααααα "αα·αααΆααα" ααααααααααΎααααα
ααα‘αααΆααΆαααααα"
1217:
760:
743:
Bot Tayoy: played during sentiment anxiety ( for human characters)
542:
514:
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391:
375:
359:
347:
331:
312:
18:
1815:, an ancient Cambodian harp, restored and playing in the pinpeat.
1796:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7OmNithn8yCc0Zpa1cxaVlmSHM/view
1284:
Chuon Nath Khmer Dictionary. 1966, Buddhist Institute, Phnom Penh
728:
Bot Domner Krav: played for the human and monkey marching episode
603:
percussive instruments into the initial Pinpeat ensemble such as
767:
707:
554:
300:
Gong chimes from Angkor Wat. May be called peatkong or kongpeat.
1588:]. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 40β42.
734:
Bonh Lea: used for the ending or departure (good bye) episode
713:
Bot Ror: played for the magical and power expression episodes
668:
used to accompany in Khmer traditional dances and theaters.
1794:
Pech Tum Kravel. Khmer Masked Theatre. 163. Retrieved from
766:
Bot Pon Nhea: accompanied during the return of Preah Ream/
322:, part of another Khmer kingdom known in Chinese record as
100:
consists of approximately nine or ten instruments, mainly
1103:
Accompanied in Buddhist celebrations and rituals such as
1524:"THE ANCIENT MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS THROUGH SHIVA'S DANCES"
752:
Bot Chert Chhab: played for monkeys wrestling episode
1185:
1183:
51:
drums, other drums. Back row from the left: sralai,
1499:"Popular Archeology - The Hidden Art of Angkor Wat"
716:
Bot Chert: played for traveling and warring episode
78:
1430:"ααααααα·αααΆααα β αααααααα? | eLibrary of Cambodia"
818:Pinpeat Songs related with Khmer neighbors; Chen (
1619:Bhubaneswar: From a Temple Town to a Capital City
1551:"Pheng Visotharamuny: αααααααα·αααα»αααααααα·αααΆααα"
484:- a xylophone, lower pitched than the roneat ek
1747:"China's Cultural Exchange with Southeast Asia"
1581:Les Γ©tats hindouisΓ©s d'Indochine et d'IndonΓ©sie
311:, were introduced to early Khmer kingdoms from
1578:Coedès, George (1968). Vella, Walter F (ed.).
627:(Big Pinpeat Ensemble) with more instruments:
362:resides in the gods assembly on the summit of
1699:"The Dawn of Ancient Khmer-Chinese Relations"
1092:Accompanied in the royal festivities such as
775:Pinpeat Song narrating Khmer daily activities
366:, intended to perform a dance. So he ordered
8:
1825:Images of musical instrument ensemble groups
1820:A photo gallery of various pinpeat ensembles
731:Bakthorm: for monkey troops marching episode
1280:
1278:
1270:New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1130:, and traditional dramas and shows such as
570:Pinpeat Vong Touch (Small Pinpeat Ensemble)
406:
187:) referring to an ensemble of instruments.
182:
166:
537:sralai toch - a small quadruple-reed flute
534:sralai thom - a large quadruple-reed flute
1474:"Angkorian harp reborn | Phnom Penh Post"
798:Kamrong Phuong Khmer (Khmer flower braid)
557:- wooden clappers (presently rarely used)
478:- the lead high-pitched bamboo xylophone.
255:Modern recreation of the traditional pin.
1586:The Indianized States of South-East Asia
1573:
1571:
1346:
1344:
1111:, Bon Pkar, Bonchos Seima, and funerals.
598:Pinpeat Vong Thum (Big Pinpeat Ensemble)
523:- a double-headed drum played with hands
1179:
801:Khmer Plum Sloek (Khmer blows the leaf)
795:Khmer Yol Tong (Khmer swings the swing)
792:Khmer Bompe Kon (Khmer lulls the child)
789:Khmer Dambaanh (Khmer weaves (textile)
786:Khmer Chrot Srov (Khmer harvests rice)
755:Bot Khlom: played during the march of
334:, and other Khmer temples. During the
1741:
1739:
1693:
1691:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
458:Instruments used in Pinpeat ensembles
83:
7:
1674:. Northern Book Center. p. 60.
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1375:
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1296:
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1292:
1290:
1240:
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1210:
139:adopted from the Khmer court by the
88:) is the largest Khmer traditional
1873:Classical and art music traditions
1772:"Funan ζΆε (www.chinaknowledge.de)"
1114:Accompanied in traditional dances
1008:Pinpeat Songs that describe others
16:Khmer traditional musical ensemble
14:
1246:"The musicians | Phralak Phralam"
1725:, 3rd ed. 1994, Westview Press,
1723:Southeast Asia: Past And Present
397:Today, the pinpeat incorporates
370:to reside on the golden throne,
293:
271:
248:
135:The pinpeat is analogous to the
108:(including several varieties of
1668:Sagar, Krishna Chandra (2002).
282:, it may generically be called
216:The Laotian adoption of Khmer
1:
1811:Story with image showing the
1602:History of the Three Kingdoms
1138:(shadow plays), Puppet Show,
517:drums) played with drumsticks
1396:10.1097/brs.0b013e31829ddec6
1272:, 2nd ed., 2001. pp. 861-863
813:Khmer Kruosar (Family Khmer)
804:Domner Khmer (Khmer walking)
783:Khmer Tumnerb (Modern Khmer)
513:- two big drums (similar to
1268:Sam-Ang Sam "Cambodia" in
386:to sing, and so that other
79:
1896:
1454:Public Radio International
847:Chen Louk Thnam (Chen Sae)
382:to play chhing (cymbals),
206:, referring to a genre of
1301:DEV, CAMWP (2016-03-20).
850:Chen Bong (Chen Chombong)
401:gong chimes, such as the
183:
167:
96:since ancient times. The
74:
1136:Sbek Thum and Sbek Touch
672:Pinpeat musics used for
562:Type of Pinpeat Ensemble
551:(chhap) - finger cymbals
171:) referring to the
1836:Pin Peat played by boys
889:Chvea Srok Mon Bei Joan
886:Chvea Srok Mon Bei Nakk
689:Cambodian Royal Ballets
1830:L'orchestre "Pin Peat"
1648:Royal Ballet July 2008
1328:Royal Ballet July 2008
997:Leav Sorser Preah Chan
883:Chvea Srok Mon Pi Nakk
680:(Khmer Shadow theatre)
407:
147:ensemble of Thailand.
60:
1776:www.chinaknowledge.de
1478:www.phnompenhpost.com
663:List of Pinpeat songs
22:
1868:Gong and chime music
1616:Kalia, Ravi (1994).
1353:"Pre-Angkorian Harp"
892:Chvea Tromiak Domrei
877:Chen Bes Sloek Chher
374:to play pin (vina),
43:(bamboo xylophone),
39:(bamboo xylophone),
1555:Pheng Visotharamuny
1061:Raksmei Chouk Chei
925:Chvea K'soek K'soul
922:Chvea Srok Chav Sen
871:Chen Chhor Muk Tuok
646:Kong vong touch (1)
531:- a quadruple-reed
378:to play the flute,
1863:Asian music groups
1770:Theobald, Ulrich.
1528:soundsofangkor.org
1522:KersalΓ©, Patrick.
1503:Popular Archeology
1357:soundsofangkor.org
1351:KersalΓ©, Patrick.
1303:"αααααααα·αα·αααααα"
1250:phralakphralam.com
1195:smileofangkor.info
1191:"Sounds of Angkor"
1128:Robam Sovan Maccha
1118:(blessing dance),
1094:Royal Boats Racing
1046:Soeng Thum Jorjoan
976:Teahean Chiet Leav
907:Chvea Srav Yuth'ka
862:Chen Berk Viangnon
780:Khmer Preah Bantum
643:Kong vong thum (1)
584:Kong vong thum (1)
178:vadya/ padya/ peat
116:). It accompanies
61:
1858:Music of Cambodia
1751:en.chiculture.net
1731:978-0-8133-1706-9
1153:Music of Cambodia
1120:Robam Tep Monorum
988:Leav Lerng Chrang
985:Leav Antrong Moan
970:Somrerb Chet Leav
916:Chvea Reach Borei
874:Chen Bang Tang Yu
859:Chen Tver Chhnang
770:'s troops episode
676:Masked Drama and
630:- Pin (obsolete)
625:Pinpeat Vong Thum
577:- Pin (obsolete)
408:kongpit/ kongpeat
85:[pΙ¨npiΙt]
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613:kong vong touch
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435:Three Kingdoms
328:Banteay Chhmar
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1222:αα»αααααΌαααααα
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1098:Royal Plowing
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1021:
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955:Tomnounh Leav
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910:Chvea Der Tes
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895:Chvea Pho Kda
894:
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867:
865:Chen Jos Touk
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652:Skor thum (2)
651:
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634:Roneat ek (1)
633:
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587:Skor thum (2)
586:
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491:metallophones
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57:kong von toch
54:
53:kong von thom
50:
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38:
34:
30:
26:
21:
1844:(In English)
1812:
1790:
1779:. Retrieved
1775:
1765:
1754:. Retrieved
1750:
1722:
1717:
1706:. Retrieved
1702:
1670:
1663:
1655:
1647:
1641:
1633:
1618:
1611:
1601:
1599:
1585:
1580:
1559:. Retrieved
1557:. 2014-08-24
1554:
1545:
1538:
1531:. Retrieved
1527:
1517:
1506:. Retrieved
1502:
1492:
1481:. Retrieved
1477:
1468:
1457:. Retrieved
1453:
1444:
1433:. Retrieved
1387:
1383:
1360:. Retrieved
1356:
1335:
1327:
1321:
1310:. Retrieved
1306:
1269:
1264:
1253:. Retrieved
1249:
1226:. Retrieved
1221:
1198:. Retrieved
1194:
1163:Hsaing waing
1124:Robam Apsara
1116:Robam Jumpor
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:Significance
1070:Many others.
1055:Raksmei Pkay
1037:Tevada P'tum
1031:Tep Pra Rorp
1025:Smarodei Ton
1019:Domner Rohas
958:Samdech Leav
934:Mon Jos Tuok
931:Phleng Chvea
703:
693:Masked Drama
683:
666:
629:
624:
621:
617:sralai touch
605:roneat thung
601:
576:
573:
565:
501:roneat thong
482:roneat thung
461:
432:
419:
413:
398:
396:
354:) drum, and
345:
341:
317:
306:
283:
226:
225:
221:
217:
215:
211:
203:
199:
195:
191:
189:
177:
176:
161:
160:
154:
134:
126:shadow plays
122:masked plays
118:court dances
65:
64:
62:
41:roneat thung
33:metallophone
1067:Ponleu Pech
1049:Sorser Pkay
1016:Domner Yeut
937:Mon Yol Dav
928:Rabam Chvea
880:Domner Chen
655:Samphor (1)
590:Samphor (1)
285:gong chimes
224:. The term
198:(harp) and
47:reed pipe,
1852:Categories
1838:(Japanese)
1781:2019-08-08
1756:2019-08-08
1708:2019-08-08
1561:2019-08-09
1508:2019-08-08
1483:2019-08-08
1459:2019-08-08
1435:2019-08-09
1312:2019-08-08
1255:2019-08-08
1228:2019-08-08
1224:(in Khmer)
1200:2019-08-08
1169:References
1105:Pchhum Ben
1058:Pkay Andet
1013:Roam Phlet
1000:Phumea Hor
982:Robam Leav
979:Nisai Leav
967:Chiet Leav
943:Phleng Mon
822:), Chvea (
649:Sralai (1)
609:roneat dek
593:Sralai (1)
496:roneat dek
471:xylophones
430:in India.
422:, and the
350:) flute, (
309:pin (harp)
220:is called
157:Chuon Nath
141:Lao people
106:percussion
29:roneat dek
1533:21 August
1404:0362-2436
1390:(15): i.
1362:21 August
1052:Pkay Meas
1028:Pekhachon
1022:Bes Bopha
946:Mon Samai
853:Chen Chas
834:, Pumea (
826:), Leav (
678:Sbek Thom
511:skor thom
489:Roneat -
476:roneat ek
372:Sarasvati
212:kongpeat.
162:vina/ pin
151:Etymology
130:religious
110:xylophone
98:orchestra
49:skor thom
37:roneat ek
1832:(French)
1147:See also
940:Roam Mon
838:), and
824:Javanese
704:Sathukar
685:Sathukar
143:and the
94:Cambodia
80:pΔnpΓ©aty
75:αα·αααΆααα
1140:Reamker
828:Laotian
820:Chinese
763:episode
757:devatas
521:samphor
428:Kalinga
420:pinpang
364:Kailasa
352:samphor
235:History
222:pinphat
218:pinpeat
210:called
192:pinpeat
137:pinphat
66:Pinpeat
25:samphor
1733:, p.23
1729:
1678:
1626:
1592:
1402:
1158:Piphat
1109:Kathin
809:Pursat
807:Khmer
549:Chhing
529:Sralai
507:Drums
467:Roneat
444:Naking
392:asuras
384:Laksmi
380:Brahma
356:chhing
336:Angkor
324:Chenla
227:piphat
145:piphat
128:, and
45:sralai
27:drum,
1878:Funan
1652:(PDF)
1584:[
1384:Spine
1332:(PDF)
1174:Notes
836:Bamar
761:Indra
543:Khloy
515:taiko
440:Funan
416:Funan
388:devas
376:Indra
360:Shiva
348:Khloy
332:Bayon
313:India
200:vadya
184:ααΆααα
114:drums
71:Khmer
1727:ISBN
1676:ISBN
1624:ISBN
1590:ISBN
1535:2019
1400:ISSN
1364:2019
1132:Khol
1096:and
768:Rama
708:guru
674:Khol
619:,..
555:Krap
452:Tang
450:and
399:kong
390:and
265:Peat
208:kong
204:peat
112:and
104:and
102:wind
63:The
1813:pin
1392:doi
1307:WMC
840:Kuy
832:Mon
830:),
448:Sui
424:pin
368:Uma
242:Pin
196:pin
173:pin
168:αα·α
35:),
1854::
1774:.
1749:.
1738:^
1701:.
1690:^
1632:.
1598:.
1570:^
1553:.
1537:.
1526:.
1501:.
1476:.
1452:.
1412:^
1398:.
1388:38
1386:.
1372:^
1355:.
1343:^
1305:.
1289:^
1277:^
1248:.
1237:^
1220:.
1209:^
1193:.
1182:^
1134:,
1126:,
1122:,
1107:,
759:,
695:,
691:,
615:,
611:,
607:,
469:-
330:,
202:/
124:,
120:,
77:,
73::
55:,
1784:.
1759:.
1711:.
1684:.
1564:.
1511:.
1486:.
1462:.
1438:.
1406:.
1394::
1366:.
1315:.
1258:.
1231:.
1203:.
1100:.
842:.
710:.
288:.
181:(
165:(
69:(
59:.
31:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
