221:
are inserted along this transverse system to form a strong longitudinal system. The longitudinal system controls the longitudinal arches of the foot, whilst the transverse system controls the splay of the forefoot. Both systems are centered on the plantar plates and activated weight-bearing
444:
Mohana-Borges, Aurea V. R.; Theumann, Nicolas H.; Pfirrmann, Christian W. A.; Chung, Christine B.; Resnick, Donald L.; Trudell, Debra J. (April 2003). "Lesser
Metatarsophalangeal Joints: Standard MR Imaging, MR Arthrography, and MR Bursography—Initial Results in 48 Cadaveric Joints".
186:), and can thus withstand compressive loads and act as a supportive articular surface. Most of its fibers are oriented longitudinally, in the same direction as the plantar fascia, and the plate can thus sustain substantial tensile loads in this direction.
170:
and the accessory collateral ligament (together referred as the collateral ligament complex, CLC) prevent motions in the transverse and sagittal planes. The major difference between the plantar plates of the MTP and IP joints is that they blend with the
201:, and to the collateral ligaments. Together with the collateral ligaments, it forms a soft tissue box which is connected to the sides of the metatarsal head. The plate from the substantial distal insertion of the plantar fascia and can withstand
212:
The skeleton of the foot rests on a multi-layered ligamentous system of beams and trusses that responds to weight-bearing on irregular surfaces. A transverse system at the MTP joints is formed by the plantar plates and the
163:; the proximal origin is thin but the distal insertion is stout. Due to the weight-bearing nature of the human foot, the plantar plates are exposed to extension forces not present in the human hand.
240:. The muscle extends at the IP joints when the MTP joint is flexed or in neutral position. Flexion is primarily performed by intrinsic foot muscles; the second toe (the) is unique as it has two
175:
in the MTP joints (not present in the toes). The MTP joint of the first toe differs from those of the other toes in that other muscles act on the joint, and in the presence of two sesamoid bones.
167:
1202:
476:"Pathological anatomy and dynamic effect of the displaced plantar plate and the importance of the integrity of the plantar plate-deep transverse metatarsal ligament tie-bar"
1179:
336:
531:
436:
91:
776:
771:
868:
356:
Deland, JT; Lee, KT; Sobel, M; DiCarlo, EF (August 1995). "Anatomy of the plantar plate and its attachments in the lesser metatarsal phalangeal joint".
1084:
1079:
252:, attached to the medial side of the lesser toes, act as unopposed adductor, but become insufficient plantar flexors with chronic extension.
160:
148:
79:
236:
structure as a sling. The muscle becomes a deforming force if the MTP joint is held in an extended position over a long time, such as in a
1254:
1197:
921:
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524:
214:
1046:
953:
1174:
1146:
1113:
1051:
641:
144:
393:
Johnston, RB 3rd; Smith, J; Daniels, T (May 1994). "The plantar plate of the lesser toes: an anatomical study in human cadavers".
1118:
1069:
1023:
907:
636:
226:
1074:
1028:
986:
903:
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340:
1189:
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172:
948:
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873:
241:
86:
1136:
804:
123:
117:
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690:
672:
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685:
667:
657:
652:
245:
194:
At the metatarsophalangeal joint the plantar plate plays an important role in the foot's weight-bearing function.
584:
230:
156:
883:
62:
1038:
931:
249:
1128:
1105:
719:
578:
98:
74:
1061:
981:
742:
430:
178:
The plantar plate is firm but flexible fibrocartilage with a composition similar to that found in the
1015:
968:
599:
573:
568:
237:
991:
958:
1229:
1224:
1216:
1006:
697:
418:
381:
179:
209:
loads from the metatarsal head because of the orientation of the fibers in its fibrocartilage.
594:
497:
462:
410:
373:
197:
The plantar plate is attached to the proximal phalanx, to the major longitudinal bands of the
166:
The plantar plate supports the weight of the body and restricts dorsiflexion, whilst the main
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
707:
604:
487:
454:
402:
365:
737:
702:
183:
509:
895:
492:
475:
218:
198:
140:
1248:
422:
385:
67:
152:
151:(IP) joints. The anatomy and composition of the plantar plates are similar to the
233:
406:
369:
458:
548:
466:
501:
414:
377:
544:
135:
104:
282:
827:
540:
50:
818:
729:
623:
614:
513:
205:
loads in line with the fascia itself. The plate can withstand
556:
335:
Canale, S. Terry; Beaty, James H.; Ishikawa, Susan N. (2008).
278:
276:
294:
268:
1215:
1188:
1165:
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1037:
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1004:
967:
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61:
49:
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28:
23:
18:
480:Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
339:. Procedures Consult (Elsevier). Archived from
217:. The strong, longitudinal fibres of the deep
525:
8:
435:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
229:extends the MTP joint by using the plantar
1101:
1011:
936:
823:
759:
619:
532:
518:
510:
491:
305:
261:
428:
102:
15:
182:of the knee (composed roughly of 75%
7:
777:posterior of the head of the fibula
215:deep transverse metatarsal ligament
839:medial of talocrural joint/deltoid
772:anterior of the head of the fibula
269:Johnston, Smith & Daniels 1994
222:pressure on the metatarsal heads.
161:interphalangeal joints in the hand
14:
869:lateral collateral of ankle joint
642:Posterior meniscofemoral ligament
318:Canale, Beaty & Ishikawa 2008
954:plantar calcaneonavicular/spring
637:Anterior meniscofemoral ligament
227:extensor digitorum longus muscle
959:bifurcated (calcaneonavicular)
474:Stainsby, G D (January 1997).
173:transverse metatarsal ligament
1:
1085:interosseous cuneometatarsal
805:Interosseous membrane of leg
1255:Ligaments of the lower limb
1080:interosseous intercuneiform
992:bifurcated (calcaneocuboid)
1271:
1129:Intermetatarsal/metatarsal
407:10.1177/107110079401500508
370:10.1177/107110079501600804
246:plantar interossei muscles
190:Metatarsophalangeal joints
459:10.1148/radiol.2271020283
283:Mohana-Borges et al. 2003
97:
1106:Tarsometatarsal/Lisfranc
285:, Discussion, pp. 179–80
143:structures found in the
337:"Hammer Toe Correction"
115:In the human foot, the
1152:superficial transverse
987:plantar calcaneocuboid
896:Subtalar/talocalcaneal
800:Posterior tibiofibular
99:Anatomical terminology
32:Metatarsal and phalanx
977:dorsal calcaneocuboid
941:Talocalcaneonavicular
879:posterior talofibular
795:Anterior tibiofibular
787:Inferior tibiofibular
764:Superior tibiofibular
743:Infrapatellar fat pad
590:transverse acetabular
949:dorsal talonavicular
874:anterior talofibular
849:posterior tibiotalar
828:Talocrural and ankle
238:high-heeled footwear
1167:Metatarsophalangeal
844:anterior tibiotalar
168:collateral ligament
157:metacarpophalangeal
145:metatarsophalangeal
56:ligamenta plantaria
295:Deland et al. 1995
225:The tendon of the
141:fibrocartilaginous
1242:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1211:
1210:
1093:
1092:
1039:Cuboideonavicular
1000:
999:
932:Transverse tarsal
813:
812:
751:
750:
595:acetabular labrum
250:lumbrical muscles
242:dorsal interossei
113:
112:
108:
1262:
1102:
1012:
937:
824:
760:
620:
605:zona orbicularis
534:
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105:edit on Wikidata
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1234:
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1190:Interphalangeal
1184:
1161:
1157:deep transverse
1123:
1089:
1056:
1033:
996:
963:
926:
890:
884:calcaneofibular
809:
781:
747:
738:Patellar tendon
724:
673:fibular/lateral
609:
551:
538:
508:
473:
443:
427:
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355:
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308:, pp. 60–1
304:
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184:type-I collagen
149:interphalangeal
109:
12:
11:
5:
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1258:
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1077:
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1066:
1064:
1062:Intercuneiform
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1054:
1049:
1043:
1041:
1035:
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1032:
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1016:Cuneonavicular
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1002:
1001:
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989:
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969:Calcaneocuboid
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859:tibionavicular
856:
854:tibiocalcaneal
851:
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830:
821:
815:
814:
811:
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768:
766:
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749:
748:
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730:Patellofemoral
726:
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712:
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695:
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680:intracapsular:
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647:extracapsular:
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453:(1): 175–182.
441:
395:Foot Ankle Int
390:
358:Foot Ankle Int
353:
331:
329:
326:
323:
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310:
298:
287:
272:
260:
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257:
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219:plantar fascia
199:plantar fascia
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720:anterolateral
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689:
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684:
683:
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669:
668:medial/tibial
666:
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659:
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650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
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629:
627:
625:
621:
618:
616:
612:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
585:head of femur
583:
580:
579:ischiofemoral
577:
575:
572:
570:
566:
563:
562:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
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535:
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438:
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408:
404:
401:(5): 276–82.
400:
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359:
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343:on 2010-07-26
342:
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306:Stainsby 1997
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153:palmar plates
150:
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131:
128:(also called
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52:
48:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
22:
19:Plantar plate
17:
1225:Longitudinal
1147:interosseous
982:long plantar
922:interosseous
865:
835:
756:Tibiofibular
679:
646:
624:Tibiofemoral
564:
486:(1): 58–68.
483:
479:
450:
446:
431:cite journal
398:
394:
364:(8): 480–6.
361:
357:
345:. Retrieved
341:the original
313:
301:
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264:
224:
211:
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202:
196:
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177:
165:
133:
129:
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116:
114:
80:A03.6.10.803
55:
1007:intertarsal
664:collateral
574:pubofemoral
569:iliofemoral
347:25 November
234:aponeurotic
207:compressive
45:Identifiers
1230:Transverse
1203:collateral
1180:collateral
715:transverse
649:popliteal
328:References
159:(MCP) and
147:(MTP) and
68:D000069262
908:posterior
691:posterior
682:cruciate
549:human leg
545:ligaments
447:Radiology
320:, Anatomy
136:ligaments
1249:Category
904:anterior
866:lateral:
686:anterior
467:12668744
423:41157698
386:24841493
1198:plantar
1175:plantar
1137:plantar
1114:plantar
1070:plantar
1047:plantar
1024:plantar
1005:Distal
913:lateral
836:medial:
708:lateral
698:menisci
658:arcuate
653:oblique
632:Capsule
600:capsule
565:femoral
547:of the
502:9038498
493:2502622
415:7951967
378:8520660
248:. The
244:but no
203:tensile
180:menisci
155:in the
130:plantar
118:plantar
40:Phalanx
24:Details
1217:Arches
1142:dorsal
1119:dorsal
1075:dorsal
1052:dorsal
1029:dorsal
917:medial
703:medial
541:Joints
500:
490:
465:
421:
413:
384:
376:
139:) are
134:volar
126:plates
1098:Other
419:S2CID
382:S2CID
256:Notes
231:fibro
124:volar
103:[
92:71425
51:Latin
819:Foot
615:Knee
543:and
498:PMID
463:PMID
437:link
411:PMID
374:PMID
349:2010
75:TA98
63:MeSH
29:From
557:Hip
488:PMC
455:doi
451:227
403:doi
366:doi
132:or
121:or
87:FMA
1251::
496:.
484:79
482:.
478:.
461:.
449:.
433:}}
429:{{
417:.
409:.
399:15
397:.
380:.
372:.
362:16
360:.
275:^
37:To
915:/
906:/
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567:(
533:e
526:t
519:v
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469:.
457::
439:)
425:.
405::
388:.
368::
351:.
107:]
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