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This marine slug is 80 to 100 mm in length, with southern specimens somewhat larger. Its colour is a mottled pale grey, densely patterned with short, brown broken lines. The wedge-shaped head has two sensroy tentacles or
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on beaches. Children and pet owners were asked to avoid beaches, and recreational fishing was also interrupted for a time. After exhaustive analysis, it was found that the sea slugs must have ingested tetrodotoxin.
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is smooth in texture, but covered with folds and puckers, and the foot extends well beyond it. There is no remnant of a shell, and the feathery gill is tucked under the right side of the mantle.
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Farias, N. E.; Wood, S. A.; Obenat, S.; Schwindt, E. (2016-07-02). "Genetic barcoding confirms the presence of the neurotoxic sea slug
Pleurobranchaea maculata in southwestern Atlantic coast".
253:. In 2009 it was reported far outside its native range, on the coast of Argentina from where it spread rapidly, currently encompassing ca. 2,000 km along the southwestern Atlantic coast.
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This side-gill slug is found intertidally in harbours and to depths of up to 6 m or deeper off rocky coasts. It is often washed ashore during spring storms.
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Farias, N. E.; Obenat, S.; Goya, A. B. (2015-01-02). "Outbreak of a neurotoxic side-gilled sea slug (Pleurobranchaea sp.) in
Argentinian coasts".
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535:. Prepared by Cawthron Institute for the Auckland Regional Council. Auckland Regional Council Technical Report 2009/ 108.
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McNabb, P.; Mackenzie, L.; Selwood, A.; Rhodes, L.; Taylor, D.; Cornelison, C. (2009).
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but will take marine worms, mussels, dead or dying animals, and other
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sea slugs. It lives for 2–3 years and dies after spawning in winter.
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and coincidence of dog deaths along
Auckland beaches
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547:"Puffer fish toxin blamed for deaths of two dogs"
343:A Photographic Guide to Seashells of New Zealand
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503:. Nelson: Potton and Burton. p. 212.
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526:Review of tetrodotoxins in the sea slug
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312:was sparked after several dogs died of
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745:534d345a-b29b-44c6-ab49-f66fc564428e
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499:Carson, Sally; Morris, Rod (2022).
212:, specifically a side-gill slug or
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545:Gibson, Eloise (15 August 2009).
345:. Illustrator: Iain A Anderson.
241:This species occurs around the
501:The New Zealand Seashore Guide
441:New Zealand Journal of Zoology
388:New Zealand Journal of Zoology
304:In 2009, a major scare in the
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400:10.1080/03014223.2016.1159582
453:10.1080/03014223.2014.990045
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825:Gastropods of New Zealand
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41:Scientific classification
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670:Pleurobranchaea_maculata
656:Pleurobranchaea maculata
626:Pleurobranchaea maculata
593:Pleurobranchaea maculata
577:Pleurobranchaea maculata
530:Pleurobranchaea maculata
318:Pleurobranchaea maculata
197:Pleurobranchaea maculata
175:Pleurobranchaea maculata
25:Pleurobranchaea maculata
316:poisoning after eating
552:The New Zealand Herald
347:New Holland Publishers
286:This slug eats mostly
202:grey side-gilled slug
16:Species of gastropod
601:Critter of the Week
106:Pleurobranchomorpha
820:Pleurobranchaeidae
584:Our Changing World
231:Pleurobranchaeidae
130:Pleurobranchaeidae
807:
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766:Open Tree of Life
618:Taxon identifiers
588:30 September 2010
510:978-1-98-855042-8
356:978-1-86966-044-4
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118:Pleurobranchoidea
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394:(3): 292–298.
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447:(1): 51–56.
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243:North Island
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237:Distribution
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83:(unranked):
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779:SeaLifeBase
704:iNaturalist
650:Wikispecies
606:5 July 2024
558:19 November
409:11336/37172
310:New Zealand
272:rhinophores
265:Description
251:New Zealand
214:notaspidean
814:Categories
373:Q115391200
325:References
216:. It is a
101:Nudipleura
95:Euthyneura
76:Gastropoda
471:0301-4223
418:0301-4223
221:gastropod
200:, or the
151:Species:
47:Kingdom:
722:10795326
641:Q7204747
635:Wikidata
479:83477049
426:89349777
369:Wikidata
365:56646921
341:(2004).
300:Toxicity
210:sea slug
125:Family:
64:Mollusca
59:Phylum:
52:Animalia
735:1088533
696:4607182
282:Ecology
257:Habitat
226:in the
224:mollusc
206:species
204:, is a
186:Gaimard
137:Genus:
71:Class:
797:531612
758:531612
742:NZOR:
709:395366
683:658921
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276:mantle
274:. The
228:family
218:marine
188:, 1834
184:&
104:clade
99:clade
93:clade
87:clade
792:WoRMS
784:94436
771:56244
717:IRMNG
475:S2CID
422:S2CID
753:OBIS
730:NCBI
691:GBIF
678:BOLD
560:2011
505:ISBN
467:ISSN
414:ISSN
361:OCLC
351:ISBN
245:and
182:Quoy
665:AFD
597:RNZ
581:RNZ
457:hdl
449:doi
404:hdl
396:doi
308:of
249:of
208:of
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
