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437:, which was a fairly shallow area (about 20 meters before the eruption). Calmeyer was somewhat higher than Steers, at about 6.5 meters at the highest spot. The two rather quickly were eroded away by wave action; Calmeyer had broken up into about half a dozen smaller islets by the time of Rogier Verbeek's visit in October 1883, and was gone within two years. Sandbanks bearing the names still remain.
321:
443:– a former island created from volcanic products from the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, in the Sebesi Channel between Krakatoa Island and Sebesi. Steers was the slightly larger of the two, but never was more than three meters above the waterline. They were rather quickly eroded away by wave action, and were gone within two years. Sandbanks bearing the names still remain.
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was entirely beneath the surface of the ocean. However, in
December 1927, an eruption led to a new island that rose above the waterline. The eruptions were initially of pumice and ash, and that island and the two islands that followed were quickly eroded away by the sea. Eventually a fourth island
355:(aka Sertung) – Verlaten is a rather low island with a hill in the middle. Other than some minor collapse in the southeast (closest to the main island of Krakatoa), Verlaten suffered little damage in the 1883 eruption. Instead, it grew almost 3 times in area due to
391:) and the only one not obliterated in the eruption of 1883. However, Rakata did lose its northern half in that eruption, leaving just its southern half. The exposed cliff is quite striking visually, partially of a large exposed
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Island and Lang Island, which was destroyed in the 1883 eruption. The name was apparently derived from its appearance from the sea: a sharply angled point, similar to the old-styled caps worn by
383:(aka Greater Krakatoa) – Standing 813 metres (2,667 ft) tall, it was the largest and southernmost of three volcanoes that formed the now destroyed island of "Krakatoa" (the others being
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433:(sometimes spelled Calmejer) – a former island created from volcanic products from the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, in the Sebesi Channel between Krakatoa Island and
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named Anak
Krakatau (meaning "child of Krakatoa" in Indonesian) broke water in August 1930, and produced lava flows more quickly than the waves could erode them.
373:(aka Lesser Krakatoa, or Panjang) – Lang, by contrast, is quite hilly. It suffered only slightly in the 1883 eruption; it actually grew in area from massive
338:. Krakatoa is a notably powerful volcano, with the 1883 eruption being one of the deadliest and most destructive volcanic events in all of recorded history.
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terminating in a large lenticular extrusion at the middle of the almost vertical cliff. The feature has been called "the Eye of
Krakatoa."
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fall, although most of the gain was quickly eroded away. After the 1883 eruption, Verlaten developed a low
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Krakatoa is an active stratovolcano located in
Indonesia, and lying on the far western rim of the Pacific
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lake near the end. This lake became a waterfowl haven, but has since been breached by wave erosion.
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Biogeographical map (French) of the vegetation in the
Krakatoa Archipelago in 1992
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fall, although most of the additional area washed away within several years.
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The Song of the Dodo: Island
Biogeography in an Age of Extinctions
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Evolution map of the
Krakatoa Archipelago, between 1880 and 2018
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269:. As of 2018, the archipelago consists of four main islands:
419:(Dutch: "Polish Hat") – a former small rocky islet between
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Politically, the
Krakatoa Archipelago lies entirely within
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system, created by the northeastward subduction of the
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Krakatau, 1883—the volcanic eruption and its effects
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112:Satellite view of the Krakatoa Archipelago, with
454:Maps and photographs of the Krakatoa Archipelago
57:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
324:The change in topology after the 1883 eruption
261:, nestled between the much larger islands of
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27:Archipelago of volcanic islands in Indonesia
582:. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp.
401:– Following the 1883 eruption, Krakatoa's
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536:Simkin, Tom and Richard S. Fiske (1983).
88:Learn how and when to remove this message
281:, and the currently volcanically active
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540:. Smithsonian Institution Press.
363:of land to the north-east with a
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497:Birth of Anak Krakatoa in c.1928
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277:(aka Rakata Kecil, or Panjang),
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621:Active volcanoes of Indonesia
636:Islands of the Sunda Strait
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616:Archipelagoes of Indonesia
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310:Ujung Kulon National Park
295:1883 eruption of Krakatoa
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555:Rupert Furneaux (1964).
43:This article includes a
574:Quammen, David (1996).
242:is a small uninhabited
72:more precise citations.
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308:, and forms a part of
641:Calderas of Indonesia
328:Further information:
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291:Indo-Australian Plate
626:Subduction volcanoes
240:Krakatoa Archipelago
141:Krakatoa Archipelago
101:Krakatoa Archipelago
185: /
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631:Submarine calderas
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45:list of references
559:. Prentice-Hall.
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189:6.102°S 105.423°E
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64:Please help
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473:, Indonesia
469:Map of the
389:Perboewatan
371:Lang Island
244:archipelago
192: /
180:105°25′23″E
168:Coordinates
70:introducing
605:Categories
566:1111751633
530:References
287:island arc
403:lava dome
342:Geography
306:Indonesia
229:Indonesia
177:6°06′07″S
153:Geography
611:Krakatoa
557:Krakatoa
518:See also
431:Calmeyer
421:Krakatoa
365:brackish
330:Krakatoa
271:Verlaten
252:Krakatoa
158:Location
584:141–151
448:Gallery
316:Geology
302:Lampung
267:Sumatra
66:improve
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524:Sebesi
435:Sebesi
381:Rakata
375:pumice
357:pumice
279:Rakata
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425:Poles
385:Danan
51:, or
588:ISBN
561:ISBN
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