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constrains the possible targets of protests, "enants experience the leaking ceilings and cold radiators, and they recognize the landlord. They do not recognize the banking, real estate, and construction systems....when the poor rebel they so often rebel against the overseer of the poor, or the slumlord, or the middling merchant, and not against the banks or the governing elites to whom the overseer, the slumlord, and the merchant also defer." The authors argue that "people cannot defy institutions to which they no access, and to which they make no contribution."
244:, Jack Beatty said the book was "bound to have a wide and various influence" and called it "disturbing". While praising the analysis of the industrial workers' movement, Beatty criticized the Piven-Cloward plan for backfiring, noting that in the urban politics of the late 1960s, one "could not talk to a cabdriver or a counterman, a waitress or a barber without hearing a bitter diatribe against the welfare poor". Beatty argued that the backlash to increased use of the welfare system led to working class support for Republican candidates like
222:
working-class people, with the hope that these organizations would win concessions from elites that would allow the organizations to grow or at least maintain membership. Attempts to grow these mass-membership opposition groups inevitably lead to conciliation with elites to support such groups and attempts by organizers to rein in the disruptive potential of mass movements.
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falling upon people is a fault of the system and not due to individual failing; second, when ordinarily fatalistic people begin to demand rights or other forms of change; and third, when people who ordinarily consider themselves helpless begin to see themselves as capable of changing their conditions.
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The title of the book is intended to pay homage to the classic study of Poor People's
Movements by the sociologists Frances Fox Piven and Richard Cloward. . . . Their book remains a classic work of social science, and many of its arguments have withstood decades of criticism by other sociologists and
217:
Protest by the poor faces greater constraints than other groups. Welfare recipients cannot easily go to
Congress or state legislatures en masse, and when they do, they are easily ignored, whereas at the welfare offices they are difficult to ignore and can meaningfully disrupt the office. Context also
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were criticized following publication and remain a contentious position among activists and organizers. The arguments made in the book have continued to interest scholars, activists, and organizers, with one scholar commenting that "after 25 years, PPM continues to be read, discussed, and taught,
200:
It has had an enduring effect on academic understandings of political movements led by the poor, leading to such spinoffs as "Rich People's
Movements." The book was described as a "classic" by Jannie Jackson in 2019 and Daniel Devir in 2020, as "seminal" by Sam Adler-Bell, and as "the progressive
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People generally acquiesce to material inequality. Only in moments of crisis do people question the arrangement of society. Massive, rapid economic change creates these crises. Piven and
Cloward identify three signals indicating the possibility of mass protest: first, that the harm and indignity
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The book argues that organizing the poor to form long-term political pressure groups is futile and distracts from winning larger gains in moments of opportunity opened by mass protest: "...that by endeavoring to do what they cannot do, organizers fail to do what they can do...all too often, when
221:
Cloward and Piven examine the
Unemployed Workers' Movement, Industrial Workers' Movement, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Welfare Rights Movement. They find that in each movement, activists and organizers concentrated on building formally structured mass-membership organizations of poor and
38:
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workers erupted in strikes, organizers collected dues cards; when tenants refused to pay rent and stood off marshals, organizers formed building committees; when people were burning and looting, organizers used that 'moment of madness' to draft constitutions."
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as an example of a welfare rights lawyer working in this area who challenged "an-in-the-house rules, residence laws, employable mother rules, and a host of other statutes, policies, and regulations which kept people off the roles were eventually struck down."
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calling it "a provocative book that should be read by both students and makers of social history." Following its publication, it was frequently assigned in
American university courses.
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Following the crucible of the '60s and early '70s, Ms. Piven's academic career flourished. Her books, particularly "Poor People's
Movements," were assigned in college classes.
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Frances Fox Piven and
Richard Cloward. Poor People's Movements: Why They Succeed, How They Fail. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Vintage Books (Random House), 1979.
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418:"Poor People's Movements: Why They Succeed, How They Fail. By Frances Fox Piven and Richard A. Cloward. New York: Pantheon Books, 1977"
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Lefkowitz, Joel (2003). "The
Success of Poor People's Movements: Empirical Tests and the More Elaborate Model".
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167:. The book advanced Piven and Cloward's theories about the possibilities and limits of social change through
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Kling, Joseph (2003). "Poor People's
Movements 25 Years Later: Historical Context, Contemporary Issues".
691:"Rearticulating a New Poor People's Campaign: Fifty Years of Grassroots Anti-Poverty Movement Organizing"
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332:"Philly's Housing Encampments of 2020 Led to a Nationally Celebrated Deal. Then It All Began to Unravel"
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248:. The book also attracted detractors from the right, who accused the authors of "blunt extremism".
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The authors explore the welfare rights movement's fight to increase welfare eligibility. They give
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561:"Interview: 'The US can still become a fascist country': Frances Fox Piven's midterms postmortem"
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No doubt like many others, I will be offering the book as a required reading in future classes.
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is a provocative book that should be read by both students and makers of social history.
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482:"'Poverty Is Not Just a Measure of How Much Cabbage and Potatoes You Need to Live On'"
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The book evoked strong reactions at the time of its publication, with founder of the
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Rich People's Movements: Grassroots Campaigns to Untax the One Percent
183:, and the Welfare Rights Movement, particularly the activity of the
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Beatty, Jack (October 8, 1977). "The Language of the Unheard".
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Actually, is disguising the blunt extremism of her writings.
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Poor People's Movements: Why They Succeed, How They Fail
388:"This 86-Year-Old Radical May Save (or Sink) the Democrats"
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Poor People's Movements: Why They Succeed, How They Fail
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Poor People's Movements: Why They Succeed, How They Fail
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1977 book by Frances Fox Piven and Richard A. Cloward
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508:"What a Bernie Sanders Presidency Would Look Like"
540:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
577:Poor People's Movements (1979) page xxi-xxii.
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456:. Oxford University Press. pp. xi–xii.
152:(1977; second edition 1979) is a book about
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807:Books about politics of the United States
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356:Harrington, Michael (11 December 1977).
308:"The Problem With Community Land Trusts"
622:Poor People's Movements (1979) page xx.
613:Poor People's Movements (1979) page 23.
604:Poor People's Movements (1979) page 20.
595:Poor People's Movements (1979) page 22.
514:. Chicago: Institute for Public Affairs
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586:Poor People's Movements (1979) page 4.
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559:Pilkington, Ed (November 24, 2022),
185:National Welfare Rights Organization
658:Kurtz, Stanley (14 February 2011).
631:Poor People's Movements, page 272.
450:Martin, Isaac (2 September 2013).
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647:. New York: Nation Company, L.P.
416:Kerbo, Harold (1 January 1979).
192:Democratic Socialists of America
532:Adler-Bell, Sam (Winter 2021).
506:Denvir, Daniel (January 2020).
156:by the American academics and
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177:Industrial Workers' Movement
534:"Organizing the Unemployed"
422:Western Sociological Review
386:Traub, Alex (10 May 2019).
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660:"Frances Fox Piven Speaks"
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744:10.1017/S1537592703000525
689:Hufnagel, Ashley (2021).
201:bible" by Ed Pilkington.
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767:Perspectives on Politics
732:Perspectives on Politics
358:"Disturbance From Below"
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257:Poor People's Movements
274:Cloward-Piven Strategy
261:Cloward-Piven Strategy
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336:Philadelphia Magazine
181:Civil Rights Movement
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285:References
241:The Nation
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252:Influence
234:Reception
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