436:
59:
224:
512:
466:
413:
309:
freedoms and rights were violated, they undertake action. In such cases, they can act on behalf of the people in courts. The office can undertake such actions only if a thorough analysis of the situation shows that the rights or the freedoms of the people were infringed, and only if such analysis recognizes the need for the ombudsman to be involved in a case. The people have the right to ask the ombudsman for intervention.
489:
565:
70:
623:
535:
375:
which has been controlled by the governing Law and
Justice party almost since it took power in 2015, decided that Bodnar could stay in office as a temporary Ombudsman until a new one was elected, but only for a short time, and that he anyhow must vacate the office after at most three further months.
308:
The ombudsman, deputies and the office protect the freedom and rights of the people. They monitor current events. In case they find that due to intentional actions (or lack thereof) by agencies, organizations or institutions which are duty bound to respect freedoms and rights of the people, these
344:
In
September 2020, the term of office of the incumberent ombudsman (Adam Bodnar) was supposed to expire, but the Sejm and the Senate had not agreed on a successor. This was an unforeseen complication. The Polish law did not provide for an
352:
However, for five months, the two parliament chambers did not succeed to agree on a successor, in spite of several tries. Twice the Sejm (where the parties in government were in majority) voted down the opposition candidate, the lawyer
804:
97:
979:
832:
805:"Polish authorities should ensure the continuity, independence and effectiveness of the Ombudsman institution - Commissioner for Human Rights"
858:
372:
446:
1069:
972:
380:
as new ombudsman, to be considered for approval by the Senate (with 240 MPs voting "for", 201 "against", and 11 abstaining).
1064:
1059:
377:
1008:
276:
435:
965:
349:
office in case the term. The incumbent
Ombudsman thus remained in office, awaiting the appointment of a new one.
441:
359:
1074:
354:
58:
272:
265:
149:
779:
589:
679:. Also referred to in English as the 'Commissioner for Citizens' Rights' or simply 'Polish Ombudsman'.
837:
737:
731:
261:
1028:
540:
17:
1038:
886:
628:
511:
1023:
517:
329:
The term of office is five years long and the same person cannot hold the office more than twice.
1003:
594:
465:
418:
412:
171:
368:, who however was not confirmed by the Senate (where the opposition parties were in majority).
1013:
471:
323:
257:
122:
754:
237:
48:
957:
633:
223:
488:
130:
564:
1053:
780:"Senate of the Republic of Poland / About the Senate / The Constitution / Chapter IX"
545:
365:
264:). Commissioner's responsibility is to protect civil and human rights implied by the
1018:
494:
346:
622:
69:
335:
has the right to recall the ombudsman with a 3/5 majority before the end of term.
1033:
570:
534:
952:
918:
364:. Once the Sejm appointed the government's candidate, Deputy Foreign Minister
288:
249:
913:
271:
The post was first established in 1987 by the act of parliament and since
923:
859:"Analysis: Ombudsman term of office expires, but he is staying in office"
947:
992:
729:"Ustawa z dnia 15 lipca 1987 r. o Rzeczniku Praw Obywatelskich" .
700:
332:
319:
253:
118:
108:
961:
210:
755:"Deputy Commissioners | Commissioner for Human Rights"
291:
with four responsibilities with respect to citizen rights:
376:
The same day, the Sejm appointed government candidate
340:
The ombudsman election and status conflict 2020-2021
252:, an official appointed for a five year term by the
205:
185:
177:
167:
159:
139:
129:
114:
104:
93:
85:
34:
881:
879:
827:
825:
973:
8:
914:"Polish court pushes out critical ombudsman"
40:
852:
850:
664:
146:Act on Commissioner for Human Rights (1987)
980:
966:
958:
222:
725:
723:
721:
387:
260:(respectively lower and upper houses of
692:
657:
833:Constitution of the Republic of Poland
318:The ombudsman is elected by an act of
31:
857:Mularczyk, Chris (9 September 2020).
7:
887:"Lower house appoints new ombudsman"
18:Polish Commissioner for Human Rights
835:". 2 April 1997. Articles 208–209.
738:Dz.U. 2023 poz. 1058 (amended text)
275:has been in force it has become a
25:
621:
563:
533:
510:
487:
464:
434:
411:
68:
57:
912:Zalan, Eszter (16 April 2021).
674:Ombudsman for Citizens' Rights
322:and has to be accepted by the
1:
844:. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
744:. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
234:Commissioner for Human Rights
35:Commissioner for Human Rights
989:Ombudsmen for Citizen Rights
371:On 15 April 2021 the Polish
268:and other legislative acts.
283:Responsibilities and powers
242:Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich
42:Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich
1091:
948:Official site (in English)
999:
838:Dz.U. 1997 nr 78 poz. 483
732:Dz.U. 1987 nr 21 poz. 123
355:Zuzanna Rudzińska-Bluszcz
65:
56:
39:
384:List of Polish Ombudsmen
287:Polish law entrusts the
256:with an approval of the
373:Constitutional Tribunal
140:Constituting instrument
80:since 23 July 2021
1070:Human rights in Poland
313:Appointment and recall
266:Constitution of Poland
241:
150:Constitution of Poland
41:
701:"Membership - GANHRI"
378:Bartłomiej Wróblewski
1065:Government of Poland
1060:Ombudsmen in Poland
277:constitutional body
198:Wojciech Brzozowski
27:Ombudsman of Poland
1024:Janusz Kochanowski
953:Ombudsman's duties
518:Janusz Kochanowski
453:13 February 1992
262:Polish legislature
1047:
1046:
1009:Tadeusz Zieliński
649:
648:
590:Stanisław Trociuk
575:9 September 2015
555:9 September 2015
522:15 February 2006
502:15 February 2006
442:Tadeusz Zieliński
426:13 February 1992
273:1997 Constitution
230:
229:
192:Stanisław Trociuk
16:(Redirected from
1082:
982:
975:
968:
959:
935:
934:
932:
930:
909:
903:
902:
900:
898:
883:
874:
873:
871:
869:
854:
845:
843:
840:
829:
820:
819:
817:
815:
801:
795:
794:
792:
790:
776:
770:
769:
767:
765:
751:
745:
743:
740:
734:
727:
716:
715:
713:
711:
697:
680:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
662:
637:
625:
602:
598:
567:
549:
537:
514:
491:
468:
450:
438:
415:
388:
363:
226:
221:
218:
216:
214:
212:
181:Polish Ombudsman
178:Unofficial names
72:
61:
52:
44:
32:
21:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1075:Ombudsman posts
1050:
1049:
1048:
1043:
995:
986:
944:
939:
938:
928:
926:
911:
910:
906:
896:
894:
893:. 16 April 2021
885:
884:
877:
867:
865:
856:
855:
848:
841:
836:
830:
823:
813:
811:
803:
802:
798:
788:
786:
778:
777:
773:
763:
761:
759:bip.brpo.gov.pl
753:
752:
748:
741:
736:
730:
728:
719:
709:
707:
699:
698:
694:
689:
684:
683:
676:
673:
670:
667:
663:
659:
654:
631:
600:
599:
592:
543:
444:
423:1 January 1988
386:
357:
342:
315:
285:
209:
201:
155:
81:
79:
78:
76:
73:
46:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1088:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1052:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1029:Irena Lipowicz
1026:
1021:
1016:
1014:Adam Zieliński
1011:
1006:
1000:
997:
996:
987:
985:
984:
977:
970:
962:
956:
955:
950:
943:
942:External links
940:
937:
936:
904:
875:
846:
821:
796:
771:
746:
717:
691:
690:
688:
685:
682:
681:
656:
655:
653:
650:
647:
646:
641:
638:
626:
619:
615:
614:
609:
604:
586:
584:
580:
579:
576:
573:
568:
561:
557:
556:
553:
550:
541:Irena Lipowicz
538:
531:
527:
526:
525:10 April 2010
523:
520:
515:
508:
504:
503:
500:
497:
492:
485:
481:
480:
477:
474:
472:Adam Zieliński
469:
462:
458:
457:
454:
451:
439:
432:
428:
427:
424:
421:
416:
409:
405:
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
385:
382:
341:
338:
337:
336:
330:
327:
314:
311:
306:
305:
302:
299:
296:
284:
281:
248:) is a Polish
228:
227:
207:
203:
202:
200:
199:
196:
193:
189:
187:
183:
182:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
161:
157:
156:
154:
153:
147:
143:
141:
137:
136:
133:
127:
126:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
74:
67:
66:
63:
62:
54:
53:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1087:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1040:
1039:Marcin Wiącek
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1001:
998:
994:
990:
983:
978:
976:
971:
969:
964:
963:
960:
954:
951:
949:
946:
945:
941:
925:
921:
920:
915:
908:
905:
892:
888:
882:
880:
876:
864:
860:
853:
851:
847:
839:
834:
828:
826:
822:
810:
806:
800:
797:
785:
781:
775:
772:
760:
756:
750:
747:
739:
733:
726:
724:
722:
718:
706:
702:
696:
693:
686:
661:
658:
651:
645:
642:
640:23 July 2021
639:
635:
630:
629:Marcin Wiącek
627:
624:
620:
617:
616:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
596:
591:
587:
585:
582:
581:
578:15 July 2021
577:
574:
572:
569:
566:
562:
559:
558:
554:
552:21 July 2010
551:
547:
542:
539:
536:
532:
529:
528:
524:
521:
519:
516:
513:
509:
506:
505:
501:
499:30 June 2000
498:
496:
493:
490:
486:
483:
482:
479:30 June 2000
478:
475:
473:
470:
467:
463:
460:
459:
455:
452:
448:
443:
440:
437:
433:
430:
429:
425:
422:
420:
417:
414:
410:
407:
406:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
389:
383:
381:
379:
374:
369:
367:
366:Piotr Wawrzyk
361:
356:
350:
348:
339:
334:
331:
328:
325:
321:
317:
316:
312:
310:
303:
300:
297:
294:
293:
292:
290:
282:
280:
278:
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
225:
220:
208:
204:
197:
195:Valeri Vachev
194:
191:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
173:
170:
166:
162:
158:
151:
148:
145:
144:
142:
138:
134:
132:
128:
124:
120:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
99:
96:
92:
88:
84:
77:Marcin Wiącek
71:
64:
60:
55:
50:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
1019:Andrzej Zoll
1004:Ewa Łętowska
988:
927:. Retrieved
917:
907:
895:. Retrieved
890:
866:. Retrieved
862:
812:. Retrieved
808:
799:
787:. Retrieved
784:senat.gov.pl
783:
774:
762:. Retrieved
758:
749:
708:. Retrieved
704:
695:
660:
643:
612:23 July 2021
611:
607:16 July 2021
606:
588:
495:Andrzej Zoll
419:Ewa Łętowska
370:
351:
343:
307:
286:
270:
245:
233:
231:
172:Ewa Łętowska
168:First holder
163:15 July 1987
125:'s approval)
86:Abbreviation
29:
1034:Adam Bodnar
868:25 December
842:(in Polish)
814:29 November
789:28 November
764:29 November
742:(in Polish)
710:29 November
632: [
593: [
571:Adam Bodnar
544: [
476:8 May 1996
456:8 May 1996
445: [
358: [
131:Term length
1054:Categories
919:EUobserver
705:ganhri.org
687:References
304:creativity
301:monitoring
295:prevention
135:Five years
105:Reports to
100:(A status)
891:Poland In
863:Poland In
644:Incumbent
394:Portrait
298:diagnosis
289:ombudsman
250:ombudsman
160:Formation
115:Appointer
94:Member of
75:Incumbent
929:19 April
924:Brussels
897:19 April
809:coe.int
668:
347:interim
206:Website
993:Poland
601:Acting
324:Senate
258:Senate
238:Polish
186:Deputy
152:(1997)
123:Senate
121:(with
98:GANHRI
49:Polish
45:
652:Notes
636:]
597:]
548:]
449:]
400:From
397:Name
362:]
213:.brpo
931:2021
899:2021
870:2020
816:2023
791:2023
766:2023
712:2023
665:lit.
391:No.
333:Sejm
320:Sejm
254:Sejm
232:The
215:.gov
119:Sejm
109:Sejm
991:of
618:8.
560:7.
530:6.
507:5.
484:4.
461:3.
431:2.
408:1.
403:To
246:RPO
219:/en
217:.pl
211:bip
89:RPO
1056::
922:.
916:.
889:.
878:^
861:.
849:^
824:^
807:.
782:.
757:.
735:,
720:^
703:.
634:pl
595:pl
583:—
546:pl
447:pl
360:pl
279:.
244:,
240::
981:e
974:t
967:v
933:.
901:.
872:.
831:"
818:.
793:.
768:.
714:.
677:'
671:'
326:.
236:(
51:)
47:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
