433:, "The soil of Haut-Brion, which I examined in great detail, is made up of sand, in which there is near as much round gravel or small stone and a very little loam like the soils of the Médoc". His notes placed Haut-Brion among the four estates of first quality, with the entry, "3. Haut-Brion, two-thirds of which belong to the Count de Fumel who sold the harvest to a merchant called Barton. The other third belongs to the Count of Toulouse; in all, the château produces 75 barrels." Haut-Brion became the first recorded first growth wine to be imported to the United States, when Jefferson purchased six cases during the travels and had them sent back to his estate in
211:
404:, visiting Bordeaux in 1677, spoke of Haut-Brion, "...The wine of Pontac, so revered in England, is made on a little rise of ground, lieing open most to the west. It is noe thing but pure white sand, mixed with a little gravel. One would imagin it scarce fit to beare anything.." On the cause of its increasing costliness, he stated, "thanks to the rich English who sent orders that it was to be got for them at any price". The German philosopher
437:., as stated in his letter to his brother-in-law Francis Eppes on May 26, 1787: "(...) I cannot deny myself the pleasure of asking you to participate of a parcel of wine I have been chusing for myself. I do it the rather as it will furnish you a specimen of what is the very best Bourdeaux wine. It is of the vineyard of Obrion, one of the four established as the very best, and it is of the vintage of 1784 (...)."
575:
397:. The wine was often sold under the name Pontac, though since the Pontac family owned numerous wine estates that could use the name, it is often impossible to tell when a wine came from Haut-Brion. Sometimes also spelled Pontack, another Pontac estate at Blanquefort which produced white wine would also often go by this name.
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in collaboration with INRA and the
Chambre d'Agriculture. Insisting that great wine cannot be made with only one clone, Jean-Bernard Delmas has stated, "You need an assemblage of excellent clones", adding, "We know where each plant is located". At Haut-Brion, each hectare contains 10 to 15 different clonal selections.
536:
in 1975, at the age of 83, Seymour Weller retired as
President of the company. His cousin's daughter (and granddaughter of Clarence Dillon) Joan Dillon, then Princesse Charles de Luxembourg and later Duchesse de Mouchy, replaced him. In 1976, the 1970 vintage of Haut-Brion ranked fourth among the ten
362:
joke about Pepys
Anglicizing the wine's name (" . . . a bottle of what Pepys calls Ho Bryon"). In April 2013, the Magdalene College, Cambridge, displayed the Pepys Diary opened at the page of the Haut-Brion mention for the 350th Anniversary of this historical mention. Dr Jane Hughes lectured on Pepys
558:
From the 2007 vintage, in connection with the 75th anniversary of Dillon family ownership, the red second wine Château Bahans Haut-Brion was released under the new name Le
Clarence de Haut-Brion. The name Château Bahans Haut-Brion had been in use for at least a century, and over a period it was sold
532:
Georges Delmas retired in 1961, and was succeeded by his son Jean-Bernard Delmas, born at the estate, instigating a number of renovations. In the 1960s, Haut-Brion was the first of the great growths to innovate with new stainless steel fermentation vats. Clonal selection research was begun in 1972,
455:
A less prosperous period followed between 1804 and 1836 under successive ownership of various businessmen, until Joseph-Eugène
Larrieu bought Haut-Brion when it was sold by auction. In 1841, by buying the Chai-Neuf building from the Marquis de Catellan, he brought the estate back to the former size
334:
Therefore both
Charles II's cellar book and Pepys' note "provide the first mention in any language of estate-named claret and are among the many proofs that Haut-Brion was created specifically for the English market." Pontac went even further in developing the renown of his wine: "By improving and
679:, the red Le Clarence de Haut-Brion previously named Château Bahans Haut-Brion, has a production of 5,000 to 7,000 cases (450 to 630 hL), and the white La Clarté de Haut-Brion, previously named Les Plantiers du Haut-Brion, has a production of 1,000 to 1,200 cases (90 to 108 hL).
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wrote in his diary, having tasted the wine at Royal Oak Tavern on April 10, 1663, to have "drank a sort of French wine called Ho Bryen that hath a good and most particular taste I never met with". Pepys provided what Prof. Ludington called "the first tasting note of Haut-Brion".
476:
463:, as the only estate from Graves among the three established First Growths of the Médoc. The prices of Haut-Brion in the 19th century were consistently higher than those of any other Bordeaux wine. This trend has continued into the present day, with the price of the estate's
634:
Harvesting takes place by hand and each parcel is worked by the same team of workers to increase the teams' familiarity with the individual vines. The harvest of the white grapes takes place very early due to the proximity to the city of
Bordeaux which results in a warmer
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The vineyards are elevated, up to 27 meters, somewhat above the
Bordeaux norm. The soil consists of Günzian gravel and some parcels have high contents of clay. All the vineyards are located in a cluster near the château itself and on the other side of the main road.
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took place in 100% new oak casks lasting 18 months. This has been reduced to 35% new casks and wine destined for the second wine Le
Clarence is aged in 25% new oak. The white wine is aged in 40-45% new oak for 10–12 months. Château Haut-Brion has its own
444:, in July 1794 Joseph de Fumel was guillotined, and his holdings were divided. Posthumously, de Fumel's nephews obtained a pardon for him as well as the restitution of the confiscated property, but they left France. In 1801, they sold Haut-Brion to
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With the death of François-Auguste de Pontac, François-Joseph de Fumel, a nephew by marriage, inherited two-thirds of Haut-Brion with a third coming to Louis-Arnaud Le Comte, Lord Captal of
Latresne. The de Fumel family also at one point owned
319:
in 1660. During the years 1660 and 1661, 169 bottles of the "wine of Hobriono" were served at the king's court. Charles Ludington states: "The re-establishment of a royal court and of court culture generally required an increase in
651:. After sorting in the field, the red grapes are destemmed, crushed and moved to a special double-tank with fermentation taking place in the top and malolactic fermentation in the bottom, using gravity to move the wine. Previously
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has been a large task at Château Haut-Brion, pioneered by Jean-Bernard Delmas, which has greatly contributed to the quality of the plant material in the vineyard. The long-term aim has been to lower yields, not by
335:"branding" a product, he created and named a wine that came from a small, circumscribed area of land for the purpose of enhancing its value in the minds and on the palates of discerning English customers."
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but by ensuring healthy and balanced vines. The average age of the vines is approximately 35 years with the oldest parcels dating back to the 1930s, planted with an average vine density of 8000 vines/ha.
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1649, Lord Arnaud III de Pontac became owner of Haut-Brion, and the wine's growing popularity began in earnest. The first records of Haut-Brion wine were found in the wine cellar ledger of the English
1099:
297:, the earliest document indicating cultivation of a parcel of land dates from 1423. The property was bought by Jean de Ségur in 1509, and in 1525 was owned by Admiral Philippe de Chabot.
503:, but did not care to make the trip on a rainy, chilly day, and chose Haut-Brion for its proximity to Bordeaux and riding facilities. One account claims Dillon never got out of the car.
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324:. This demand inspired Pontac to launch the prototype of top-growth claret in London. The wine was called Haut-Brion, after the name of the estate from which it came."
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without a declared vintage. Starting with the 2009 vintage, the white second wine Les Plantiers du Haut-Brion was renamed La Clarté de Haut-Brion.
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1017092), with a limited release of the second dry white wine, Les Plantiers du Haut-Brion, renamed La Clarté de Haut-Brion for the 2008 vintage.
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Château Haut-Brion presentation card dated 1931, demonstrating the designs of the early 20th century, the label, cork, case and capsule markings.
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566:) who has acted as an administrator at Haut-Brion since the age of 18, became in 2008 Président Directeur Général of Domaine Clarence Dillon.
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374:, the son François-Auguste, opened a tavern in London called "L'Enseigne de Pontac", or the "Sign of Pontac's Head", which was according to
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over several years, which rose to a peak in the 1970s and early 1980s, ended when Domaine Clarence Dillon acquired La Mission in 1983.
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Manager Jean-Bernard Delmas retired in 2003, and was succeeded by his son Jean-Philippe Delmas. Prince Robert of Luxembourg (son of
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of Hault-Brion, who brought the land in her dowry. In 1533 bought the title to the domain of Haut-Brion, while construction of the
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The estate Château Haut-Brion dates back to April 1525 when Jean de Pontac married Jeanne de Bellon, the daughter of the mayor of
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By the end of the 17th century the estate amounted to 264 hectares (650 acres) of which some 38 hectares (94 acres) were under
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2,300,000. Several unverified anecdotes surround the acquisition, as Dillon was believed to also consider buying châteaux
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277:. Formerly named Château Bahans Haut-Brion, beginning with the 2007 vintage, it was renamed Le Clarence de Haut Brion (
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of the estate up until the death of François-Auguste de Pontac in 1694. Larrieu's family owned Haut-Brion until 1923.
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254:. It differs from the other wines on the list in its geographic location in the north of the wine-growing region of
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In the classifications of 1855 ahead of the International Exhibition in Paris, Château Haut-Brion was classified
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was also enchanted with the wine of Pontac, though it is unknown if his orders were for other de Pontac wines of
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and wine before the gala dinner hosted by the Cambridge University Wine Society and featuring tributes to Pepys.
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then challenged wine historians and amateurs to find a new reference to Haut-Brion in history prior to 1660.
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Dillon made his nephew Seymour Weller president of the new company "Société Vinicole de la Gironde" (later
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appellation and is in some sense the ancestor of a classification that remains the benchmark to this day.
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427:, then American minister to France, came to Bordeaux. On May 25 he visited to Haut-Brion, describing the
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and thus earlier ripening. The red grapes are picked as late as possible, sorted and then pneumatically
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Château Haut-Brion, and from 650 to 850 cases (59 to 76 hL) of Château Haut-Brion Blanc. Of the
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S.A.S.), who held the position for five decades. Weller restored the park, cleaned the
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1008153). The vineyard also produces a dry white wine named Château Haut-Brion Blanc (
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After a series of unsuccessful owners during difficult times, the American banker
896:"Haut-Brion celebrates 350th Anniversary of Samuel Pepys connection in Cambridge"
602:, and 2.87 ha (7.1 acres) to white grape varieties, distributed with 52.6%
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Haut-Brion first began using its distinctive bottle, emulating designs of old
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in whole bunches. There is no skin contact and fermentation takes place in
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346:, Cambridge while the 1660 Cellar Book of King Charles II is held by the
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Although grapes are thought to have been grown on the property since
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Memoirs, Correspondence, and Private Papers of Thomas Jefferson
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Château Haut-Brion devotes 48.35 hectares (119.5 acres) to red
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The fierce competition that had existed between Haut-Brion and
1287:
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and director of Haut-Brion since 1921, and former manager of
202:
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models, from the 1958 vintage which was released in 1960.
258:. Of the five first growths, it is the only wine with the
723:. London: Cassell & Company Ltd. pp. 288–289.
1100:"Chateau Haut-Brion, Pessac-Leognan, France: prices"
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663:The annual production ranges from 10,000 to 12,000
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1132:"Robert of Luxembourg to take reins at Haut-Brion"
721:Alexis Lichine's Encyclopedia of Wines and Spirits
1084:Jefferson, Thomas (1955). Julian P. Boyd (ed.).
1088:. Princeton University Press. pp. 378–379.
757:. London: Mitchell Beazley. pp. 325–330.
487:bought Château Haut-Brion on May 13, 1935 for
1334:Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855
1318:
8:
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378:, London's first fashionable eating-house.
338:The original diary of Pepys is held in the
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856:"Haut-Brion - The world's first cult wine"
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967:"Weaving Past Into Future at Haut-Brion"
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586:varieties, with a distribution of 45.4%
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452:, owner of Haut-Brion for three years.
1458:Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande
1248:
1209:. Mitchell Beazley. pp. 314–315.
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1004:. Cambridge University Press. p.
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1269:Delmas, Jean-Philippe (January 2009)
273:1011247), Haut-Brion produces a red
27:French wine estate of Bordeaux wine
25:
1283:Château Haut-Brion official site
1038:. Google Book Search. pp.
1086:The Papers of Thomas Jefferson
1059:. Workman Publishing. p.
820:The Oxford Companion to Wine.
382:"found the wine dear at seven
1:
1298:Château La Mission Haut-Brion
553:Château La Mission Haut-Brion
32:Château La Mission Haut-Brion
564:Prince Charles of Luxembourg
365:Prince Robert of Luxembourg
1962:
1163:(November–December 2004).
1029:Jefferson, Thomas (1829).
753:Peppercorn, David (2003).
541:red wines in the historic
40:Château Laville Haut-Brion
36:Château La Tour Haut-Brion
29:
1741:
1737:
1344:
1340:
1288:Clarendelle official site
617:The selection of optimum
348:British National Archives
250:just outside the city of
1453:Pichon Longueville Baron
719:Lichine, Alexis (1967).
647:barrels with indigenous
440:As a consequence of the
240:Premier Grand Cru Classé
30:Not to be confused with
1946:Bordeaux wine producers
1556:Marquis d'Alesme Becker
1293:Domaine Clarence Dillon
1205:Brook, Stephen (2007).
1053:MacNeil, Karen (2001).
998:Pinkard, Terry (2001).
791:Walpole, Whigs and Wine
508:Domaine Clarence Dillon
499:or a majority share in
133:Domaine Clarence Dillon
1239:"The insider's choice"
852:The Wine News Magazine
579:
480:
215:
1757:Premier Cru Supérieur
1207:The Complete Bordeaux
931:. Routledge. p.
822:"Haut-Brion, Chateau"
577:
478:
227:[ʃɑtoobʁijɔ̃]
213:
1516:Malescot St. Exupéry
400:English philosopher
1793:Clos Haut-Peyraguey
1743:Classed Growths of
1346:Classed Growths of
1159:Schoenfeld, Bruce,
923:Unwin, Tim (1996).
785:Ludington, Charles
667:(900 to 1,080
543:"Judgment of Paris"
312:was begun in 1549.
265:In addition to the
110:First vines planted
90: /
1788:Lafaurie-Peyraguey
1687:Haut-Bages-Libéral
1418:Léoville-Las Cases
1233:Robinson, Jancis,
1130:(August 1, 2008).
1001:Hegel: A Biography
971:The New York Times
963:The New York Times
894:(April 10, 2013).
854:(April–May 2001).
592:Cabernet Sauvignon
580:
578:Château Haut-Brion
481:
350:. In 1927, writer
219:Château Haut-Brion
216:
214:Château Haut-Brion
168:Cabernet Sauvignon
150:Château Haut-Brion
94:44.8167°N 0.6087°W
48:Château Haut-Brion
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1657:Grand-Puy-Ducasse
1652:Grand-Puy-Lacoste
1463:Ducru-Beaucaillou
1423:Léoville-Poyferré
1391:
1387:Mouton Rothschild
1383:
1364:Lafite Rothschild
1216:978-1-84000-980-4
1015:978-0-521-00387-2
965:(March 6, 2002).
961:Prial, Frank J.,
942:978-0-415-14416-2
927:Wine and the Vine
862:on July 11, 2011.
828:on July 26, 2008.
467:averaging $ 571.
461:Premier Grand Cru
442:French Revolution
360:Lord Peter Wimsey
356:"Unnatural Death"
352:Dorothy L. Sayers
344:Magdalene College
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850:Pitcher, Steve,
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546:wine competition
425:Thomas Jefferson
372:"The Great Fire"
370:In 1666, after
358:, had detective
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139:Acres cultivated
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1614:Prieuré-Lichine
1566:Quatrièmes Crus
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1483:Troisièmes Crus
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1428:Léoville-Barton
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1235:Financial Times
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608:Sauvignon blanc
572:
520:Cos d'Estournel
485:Clarence Dillon
473:
418:Château Margaux
354:, in her novel
317:King Charles II
291:
230:) is a French
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192:Sauvignon Blanc
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260:Pessac-Léognan
246:), located in
238:wine, rated a
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1574:Saint-Pierre
1565:
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1408:Rauzan-Ségla
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1242:
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244:First Growth
239:
218:
217:
180:Petit Verdot
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1702:de Camensac
1677:d'Armailhac
1662:Lynch-Bages
1609:Beychevelle
1546:Calon-Ségur
537:French and
376:André Simon
295:Roman times
275:second wine
118:First
97: /
72:Coordinates
1722:Cantemerle
1707:Cos Labory
1692:Pédesclaux
1379:Haut-Brion
1109:2016-11-23
683:References
619:rootstocks
606:and 47.4%
570:Production
539:California
446:Talleyrand
402:John Locke
234:estate of
82:44°49′00″N
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1642:Batailley
1541:Desmirail
1536:La Lagune
1443:Lascombes
1251:cite news
979:cite news
673:grand vin
658:cooperage
516:régisseur
465:grand vin
450:Benevento
423:In 1787,
384:shillings
267:grand vin
156:Varietals
147:Known for
85:0°36′31″W
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1901:de Malle
1881:Broustet
1851:de Myrat
1823:Rieussec
1697:Belgrave
1551:Ferrière
1511:Giscours
1501:Lagrange
1473:Montrose
1382:(Graves)
1177:cite web
1140:cite web
904:cite web
868:cite web
755:Bordeaux
604:Sémillon
590:, 43.9%
527:decanter
435:Virginia
306:seigneur
302:Libourne
252:Bordeaux
236:Bordeaux
186:Semillon
61:Bordeaux
53:Location
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1891:Caillou
1871:d'Arche
1818:Guiraud
1813:Climens
1765:d'Yquem
1496:d'Issan
1374:Margaux
641:pressed
598:and 1%
594:, 9.7%
501:Margaux
430:terroir
310:château
289:History
223:French:
199:Website
120:vintage
18:Pontack
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1876:Filhot
1808:Coutet
1749:Barsac
1725:(1856)
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1531:Palmer
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248:Pessac
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1348:Médoc
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1036:(PDF)
665:cases
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
