84:. The Pope said the Nazis' aim was "By destroying Israel, they ultimately wanted to tear up the tap root of the Christian faith and to replace it with a faith of their own invention". While the visit was received as a warm gesture, one Rabbi noted "Will it make any difference to Jewish-Catholic relations?...No, because Jewish-Catholic relations anyway are no longer based upon our view of the past but on the nature of relations in the present, and from that perspective Benedict XVI is as good as it gets."
173:. Many believe that Pius turned a blind eye to the Holocaust and did not confront Hitler's policies. Jewish groups across the world began to condemn Pius XII and any attempts to canonize him. Despite Jewish opposition Benedict maintained support for Pius XII, saying that the wartime pontiff "acted in a secret and silent way because, given the realities of that complex historical moment, he realised that it was only in this way that he could avoid the worst and save the greatest possible number of Jews."
1672:
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aspirations" of those members of the faithful who requested this usage of the Roman Rite. At the time, the Pope primarily wanted to assist the
Society of Saint Pius X to recover full unity with the Successor of Peter, and sought to heal a wound experienced ever more painfully. ... I now come to the positive reason which motivated my decision to issue this Motu Proprio updating that of 1988. It is a matter of coming to an interior reconciliation in the heart of the Church.
64:
1664:
2055:
1224:) Omnipotens sempiterne Deus, qui Iudæos etiam a tua misericordia non repellis: exaudi preces nostras, quas pro illius populi obcæcatione deferimus; ut, agnita veritatis tuæ luce, quæ Christus est, a suis tenebris eruantur. Per eumdem Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum filium tuum, qui tecum vivit et regnat in unitate Spiritus Sancti Deus: per omnia sæcula sæculorum. Amen.
813:
518:. He concluded that the “real group of accusers” were the Temple authorities and not all Jews of the time, and he wrote that Jesus' death wasn't about punishment, but rather salvation. Jesus' blood, he said, "does not cry out for vengeance and punishment, it brings reconciliation. It is not poured out against anyone, it is poured out for many, for all."
403:. He said that his pilgrimage to the Middle East was a reminder of the "inseparable bond" between the Catholic Church and the Jewish people. He spoke from Mount Nebo, the wind-swept hill overlooking the Jordan valley from where the Bible says Moses saw the Promised Land. The sun broke through the morning mist just before he arrived at the site.
277:
actions was
Monsignor Robert Wister, professor of church history at Seton Hall University in New Jersey. He pointed out that "To deny the Holocaust is not a heresy even though it is a lie ...The excommunication can be lifted because he is not a heretic, but he remains a liar." As the coverage of the controversy escalated the Vatican newspaper
50:
who hoped that
Benedict would "continue along the path of Pope John XXIII and Pope John Paul II in working to enhance relations with the Jewish people and the State of Israel." The Foreign Minister of Israel also offered more tentative praise, though the Minister believed that "this Pope, considering
276:
The
Vatican officially responded to the row when Father Lombardi, the Pope's press secretary, denied that the lifting of the excommunication endorsed Williamson's stance. He stated that the repeal had "nothing to do with the highly criticisable statements of an individual." Also defending the Pope's
283:
reaffirmed that Pope
Benedict XVI deplored all forms of anti-Semitism and that he called upon all Roman Catholics to follow suit. Benedict later personally declared "full and indisputable solidarity" with Jews, while the Vatican denied that they had any knowledge of Williamson's Holocaust denial.
473:
According to journalist
Richard Boudreaux, Benedict's farewell remarks from the tarmac at Tel Aviv's airport pleased both Israelis and Palestinians, many of whom had initially viewed him with skepticism. Some said later they felt vindication from portions of his carefully worded statements and a
149:, the leader of Park East, stated that the Pope's visit was a "tangible expression of his outreach to the largest Jewish community in the world outside of Israel. ...The very clear message is that Jews and Catholics and Christians, we are in the same boat, we have common concerns for humanity."
59:
Shortly after his election the
Pontiff visited the Cologne synagogue where, speaking to Jewish leaders, he condemned Nazi ideology as "insane" and committed to strengthening ties of "friendship" between the Catholic Church and Jews. However, despite much praise from Jewish leaders across Europe,
319:
Let us pray also for the Jews: that almighty God may remove the veil from their hearts; so that they too may acknowledge Jesus Christ our Lord. Let us pray. Let us kneel. Arise. Almighty and eternal God, who dost also not exclude from thy mercy the Jews: hear our prayers, which we offer for the
1204:
Pope John Paul II thus felt obliged to provide, in his Motu
Proprio Ecclesia Dei (2 July 1988), guidelines for the use of the 1962 Missal; that document, however, did not contain detailed prescriptions but appealed in a general way to the generous response of Bishops towards the "legitimate
821:
386:
However, amid claims that the Pope was ruining Jewish-Catholic relations, the
Israeli ambassador to the Holy See stated that "the climate is good" and said he believed there was "a lot of potential for the cooperation" between the Vatican and Israel. In May 2009, Pope Benedict XVI visited
457:
museums. The speech expressed "deep compassion" for the "millions of Jews killed," but did not implicate any
Catholic guilt for the Holocaust, nor use the words "German", "Nazi", or "murder", nor did he discuss his own personal wartime experience in which he was "registered in the
469:
Benedict later denounced the "brutal extermination" of Jews by "a godless regime" as he wrapped up his trip to Israel, although once again he didn't explicitly mention the name of that regime (the Nazis or Germans) or any possible guilt on the part of the Church.
320:
blindness of that people; that acknowledging the light of thy Truth, which is Christ, they may be delivered from their darkness. Through the same Lord Jesus Christ, who liveth and reigneth with thee in the unity of the Holy Spirit, God, for ever and ever. Amen.
96:
are all that's needed to show that the improvement of relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the Jews—begun 40 years ago with the Second Vatican Council and a major legacy of Pope John Paul II—would continue during the tenure of the new pontiff.
1638:
347:
that the removal of references to the “darkness” and the “blindness” of the Jews for refusing to recognize Jesus as the messiah was a sign Pope Benedict was "deeply committed to advancing the relationship with the Jewish Community."
272:
reported in February 2009 that as a result of the events surrounding Williamson, Pope Benedict's judgment and ability were now being called into question by numerous voices both within and outside the Roman Catholic Church.
1928:
266:, said that "the condemnation of statements that deny the Holocaust could not have been clearer and that the pope had made his position crystal clear in the past, e.g. in Cologne and Auschwitz. The British newspaper
462:". It was widely criticized for its banality and its omissions, including by the director of Yad Vashem. The Pope also refused to go inside the museum because the museum paints an unflattering picture of
113:(Philadelphia, 1993; translated into German, Italian, and Swedish) attempts to establish a religiously sound framework for Judaic-Christian interchange. Neusner has earned the praise of Pope
1448:
204:
in its official newsletters and on several of its websites internationally (although the offending websites have been removed since the controversy surrounding the bishops' reinstatement).
129:
Despite deteriorating relations the Vatican claimed it was still dedicated to dialogue with the Jewish faith, and in what was called an "unprecedented outreach effort" Benedict visited
1973:
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1966:
1349:
446:), contains information and updates on the Papal pilgrimage, Israel-Vatican relations, Christian communities in Israel and Christian holy sites throughout the country.
1301:
908:. 29 May 2009. "The site from Germany ... clarifies that 'contemporary Jews are for sure guilty of the murder of God, as long as they don't recognize Christ as God.'"
366:
had been critical of the 2008-2009 war in Gaza, describing the Strip as a "big concentration camp". This caused a short-lived crisis in Vatican-Israel relations. The
1129:
2015:
1548:
1703:
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1233:
1961:
92:
According to rabbi Gary Bretton-Granatoor, the "first 100 days" in the papacy of Benedict XVI were good for the Jews. Rabbi Bretton-Granatoor wrote that the
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1503:
1942:
325:
27:
remained fairly good, although concerns were raised by Jewish leaders over the political impact of Traditionalists in the Church during the papacy of
1277:
169:. Pius XII's role in the Second World War had been an underlying issue in Catholic-Jewish relations throughout Benedict's papacy, and indeed that of
870:
253:
1208:
Letter of Pope Benedict XVI to the Bishops of the World to Present the "Motu Proprio" on the Use of the Roman Liturgy prior to the Reforms of 1970.
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294:
said: “When the highest moral authority of the Church states that Holocaust denial is unacceptable, that is a vital message for the entire world”.
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534:
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757:
566:
337:
In response to these concerns, Pope Benedict revised the prayer and eliminated all references to the "blindness" and "darkness" of the Jews.
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Oremus et pro Iudæis: ut Deus et Dominus noster auferat velamen de cordibus eorum; ut et ipsi agnoscant Iesum Christum Dominum nostrum. (
733:
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588:
1384:
1186:
245:
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1999:
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Vatican crisis over bishop who denies the Holocaust - Pope's judgment and ability questioned after decision to lift excommunication
946:"Pope's Rehabilitation of Holocaust Denier Angers Jews - Europe - News and current affairs from around the continent - 25.01.2009"
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771:
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1989:
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decided to cut ties with the Vatican. The controversy also attracted attention from outside the Jewish community with German
357:
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900:
334:, the 1965 document that absolved the Jews of the killing of Jesus and marked a new period of Jewish-Catholic relations."
1935:
1888:
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650:
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77:
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213:
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1994:
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Jews of allegations they were responsible for Jesus Christ’s death, with details and a close comparison of various
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249:
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However, shortly after the Pope's visit to America speculation arose that the Pontiff intended to accelerate the
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Benedict refers to it as "by far the most important book for the Jewish-Christian dialogue in the last decade."
229:
225:
81:
1031:
491:
279:
186:
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which is widely seen as an attempt to heal the rift with the SSPX. The decree allowed for wider use of the
51:
his historical experience, will be especially committed to an uncompromising fight against anti-Semitism."
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190:
182:
63:
60:
Benedict received criticism from Israel for not "singling out the Jewish state as a victim of terrorism."
39:
878:
411:
2009:
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475:
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subsequently praised the visit, calling it a milestone for understanding between Christians and Jews.
2004:
1895:
1251:
552:
919:
844:
1916:
1806:
1737:
1643:
427:
338:
328:". Some Jewish leaders "feared revival of the prayer would undo four decades of progress following
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130:
93:
2054:
1671:
1207:
998:
2058:
1409:
1366:
375:
201:
46:". However, his election received a more reserved response from the United Kingdom's Chief Rabbi
1302:"The World from Berlin: Pope Benedict 'Is Sabotaging Christian-Jewish Dialogue' - International"
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737:
708:
544:
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also inaugurated a special website dedicated to the Pope’s pilgrimage to Israel. The website,
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28:
20:
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772:
http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1208246578945&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull
181:
Catholic-Jewish relations suffered a setback when, in January 2009, Pope Benedict lifted the
1782:
585:
435:
423:
415:
341:, chairman of the International Jewish Committee for Interreligious Consultations, told the
109:
has written a number of works exploring the relationship of Judaism to other religions. His
1449:"Earth Times: show/269726,world-jewish-congress-praises-pope-benedicts-trip-to-israel.html"
1183:
1632:
1534:
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1190:
592:
539:
439:
431:
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189:(SSPX). The SSPX has rejected all inter-religious dialogue with Judaism and is opposed to
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487:
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of 1993 remains unsettled because of disputes over property rights and tax exemptions.
363:
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194:
47:
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494:, which has been similarly visited by Pope John Paul II during his pontificate.
237:
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In October 2009, Benedict XVI indicated that he would celebrate the following
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The Anti-Defamation league described Benedict's decision as "a body blow to
241:
43:
1202:
In the letter accompany the issuance of the Summorum, Pope Benedict wrote,
466:, the pope during the Holocaust, "for not doing enough to help save Jews."
259:
calling on Benedict to issue a "very clear" rejection of Holocaust denial.
1329:, By Calev Ben-David and Gwen Ackerman, Bloomberg, Published May 12, 2009.
1171:
Merkel, Yad Vashem welcome Vatican statement as chancellor faces criticism
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463:
371:
166:
142:
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904:
392:
24:
1278:"Pope Benedict to reformulate Good Friday prayers for Tridentine Mass"
38:
When Benedict ascended to the Papacy his election was welcomed by the
443:
407:
388:
370:
Museum has also continued to display a very negative caption on Pope
217:
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248:
have all condemned the decision to lift the excommunication and the
920:"Dismay as Pope welcomes back Holocaust bishop Richard Williamson"
734:"After 100 Days, It's Clear That New Pope Is A Friend of the Jews"
567:
Holding hands with Israeli religious leaders and singing for peace
400:
62:
901:"Report: Vatican readmits society that propagates anti-Semitism."
845:"Pope Pius XII who was silent on Holocaust on road to sainthood"
1579:
1327:
Pope Visits Temple Mount on Controversial Israel Trip (Update1)
514:
accounts of Jesus’ condemnation to death by the Roman governor
1095:
651:"Pope Notes 'Insane' Ideology of Nazis During Synagogue Visit"
1615:
Born Joseph Alois Ratzinger, 16 April 1927 – 31 December 2022
1020:
Benedict XVI: Never again the violence, never again the Shoah
1670:
1662:
1352:, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Announced May 3, 2009.
42:
who noted "his great sensitivity to Jewish history and the
788:
637:
Holocaust Memorial Day : Pope in the Cologne Synagogue
228:. From this much anger has arisen from Jewish communities,
1350:
Israel opens special website dedicated to the Pope's visit
374:, which has been strongly criticized by the Holy See. The
1639:
Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
871:"Pope Benedict defends Pius XII's wartime record on Jews"
117:
and the nickname of "Pope's Favorite Rabbi". In his book
1504:"Pope book says Jews not guilty of Jesus Christ's death"
212:
One of the bishops whose excommunication was lifted was
695:
Holocaust Memorial Day : Benedict XVI on the Shoah
679:
Holocaust Memorial Day : Benedict XVI in Auschwitz
586:
ADL Welcomes Election of Cardinal Ratzinger as New Pope
1363:"Pope’s Wartime Activities Resurface on Israeli Trip."
1210:
Pope Benedict XVI July 7, 2007. accessed June 11, 2009
1051:"Pope readmits Holocaust-denying priest to the church"
1929:
From the Baptism in the Jordan to the Transfiguration
999:"German Jews condemn pope move over Holocaust denier"
1184:
The stages of the dialogue between Rome and the SSPX
709:"A German Pope Confronts the Nazi Past at Auschwitz"
193:. The society was reported to have perpetuated the
80:
where he recounted the vital historical tie between
1982:
1954:
1880:
1821:
1774:
1712:
1681:
1620:
1130:Vatican: Comments by Holocaust denier unacceptable
1478:"Pope to visit Rome synagogue on day of dialogue"
1139:
1137:
1381:"Pope slams Holocaust as 'brutal extermination'"
814:"A courageous rabbi talks to the Catholic synod"
474:measure of respect for his moral authority. The
2016:His Holiness: The Secret Papers of Benedict XVI
1424:"Pope ends Holy Land visit with plea for peace"
673:
671:
16:Relations between Pope Benedict XVI and Judaism
1339:Pope: Church and Jews share 'inseparable bond'
1014:
1012:
783:
781:
779:
1591:
1077:Pope gesture to traditionalists outrages Jews
631:
629:
8:
1252:"Pope's move on Latin mass 'a blow to Jews'"
789:"Breaking News, World News & Multimedia"
767:
765:
603:
601:
689:
687:
1598:
1584:
1576:
1109:"Pope lifts excommunications of 4 bishops"
535:"Pope Benedict on the Question of Judaism"
101:Scholarly relationship with Jacob Neusner
67:Pope Benedict visiting Auschwitz in 2006.
1406:"Citing Auschwitz, Pope Assails Hatred."
577:
1549:"Why the Pope's new book is important"
1530:
1520:
609:"In quotes: Reaction to Pope election"
1231:, 1962 typical edition, pages 173-174
997:Gehmlich, Kerstin (26 January 2009).
7:
1098:18:19 GMT, Saturday, 24 January 2009
1903:Eschatology: Death and Eternal Life
1502:Reuters Editorial (March 2, 2011).
1557:. January 11, 2014. Archived from
1404:Donadio, Rachel and Alan Cowell.
1145:"Merkel joins Papal Holocaust row"
1049:Willan, Philip (25 January 2009).
972:"Rabbinate cuts ties with Vatican"
649:Whitlock, Craig (19 August 2005).
246:Central Council of Jews in Germany
14:
918:Owen, Richard (26 January 2009).
877:. 10 October 2008. Archived from
490:in 2010 by paying a visit to the
2053:
1871:On the Church in the Middle East
812:Leibler, Isi (15 October 2008).
533:Van Biema, David (18 May 2009).
414:, presented in eight languages (
220:who believes that there were no
183:excommunications of four bishops
1222:Oremus. Flectamus genua. Levate
1092:Pope move ignites Holocaust row
843:Owen, Richard (17 June 2008).
453:, one of the world's foremost
391:to stress the shared roots of
76:In 2006 Pope Benedict visited
1:
1413:. 15 May 2009. 15 May 2009.
1370:. 12 May 2009. 13 May 2009.
1889:Introduction to Christianity
1750:Introduction to Christianity
1250:Burke, Jason (8 July 2007).
595:, accessed 30 December 2008.
504:Jesus of Nazareth: Holy Week
230:The Jewish Agency for Israel
199:Jewish world domination plot
1554:Fight Hatred (organization)
1082:Sun Jan 25, 2009 6:47am EST
758:"The Pope's Favorite Rabbi"
707:Fisher, Ian (29 May 2006).
412:Pope Benedict XVI in Israel
2099:
1974:United Kingdom state visit
449:The Pope made a speech at
355:
240:(Nobel prize laureate and
2051:
1910:The Spirit of the Liturgy
1866:Ecclesia in Medio Oriente
1694:People declared venerable
1660:
1613:
1482:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
358:Holy See–Israel relations
326:Catholic-Jewish relations
302:In 2007, Benedict issued
250:chief Rabbinate of Israel
2083:Views of Judaism by pope
264:Father Federico Lombardi
111:A Rabbi Talks with Jesus
82:Christianity and Judaism
1859:On the Church in Africa
1847:On the Word of the Lord
492:Great Synagogue of Rome
482:Great Synagogue of Rome
262:The Vatican spokesman,
187:Society of Saint Pius X
177:Society of Saint Pius X
2036:(2014 television film)
2033:Secrets of the Vatican
1943:The Infancy Narratives
1675:
1667:
191:dual-covenant theology
68:
40:Anti-Defamation League
19:The relations between
2010:Vatican leaks scandal
1830:Sacramentum caritatis
1674:
1666:
476:World Jewish Congress
352:Relations with Israel
66:
2005:Ratzinger Foundation
1896:The Ratzinger Report
1800:In Hope We Are Saved
1743:The Supreme Pontiffs
1282:Catholic News Agency
280:L'Osservatore Romano
1917:Truth and Tolerance
1807:Caritas in veritate
1738:Summorum Pontificum
1644:2005 papal conclave
1561:on January 11, 2014
1173:, February 06, 2009
824:on 11 November 2012
655:The Washington Post
314:Good Friday prayer:
305:Summorum Pontificum
131:Park East Synagogue
94:facts on the ground
2059:Catholicism Portal
1676:
1668:
1533:has generic name (
1453:www.earthtimes.org
1410:The New York Times
1367:The New York Times
1361:Donadio, Rachel.
1308:. January 26, 2009
1236:2008-08-28 at the
1189:2008-05-04 at the
1169:Catholic Culture:
952:. January 25, 2009
881:on 13 October 2012
713:The New York Times
591:2013-01-15 at the
406:The Government of
376:Fundamental Accord
244:survivor) and the
226:concentration camp
214:Richard Williamson
208:Richard Williamson
119:Jesus of Nazareth,
69:
2078:Pope Benedict XVI
2065:
2064:
1923:Jesus of Nazareth
1689:Cardinals created
1654:Death and funeral
1607:Pope Benedict XVI
1428:Los Angeles Times
1151:. 3 February 2009
1022:, 28 January 2009
978:. 28 January 2009
899:Liphshiz, Cnaan.
697:, 27 January 2009
681:, 27 January 2009
639:, 27 January 2009
502:In his 2011 book
312:which includes a
55:Cologne synagogue
21:Pope Benedict XVI
2090:
2057:
1983:Related articles
1835:On the Eucharist
1812:Charity in Truth
1783:Deus caritas est
1704:Saints canonized
1699:People beatified
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506:, Pope Benedict
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2000:Coat of arms
1990:Bibliography
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1682:Acts as Pope
1563:. Retrieved
1559:the original
1552:
1543:
1511:. Retrieved
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1486:. Retrieved
1484:. 2009-10-13
1481:
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1461:. Retrieved
1457:the original
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1432:. Retrieved
1430:. 2009-05-16
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1389:. Retrieved
1385:the original
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1310:. Retrieved
1305:
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1256:The Guardian
1255:
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1229:Roman Missal
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1153:. Retrieved
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1103:
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1059:. Retrieved
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1036:The Guardian
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292:Avner Shalev
286:
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269:The Guardian
267:
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224:used in any
222:gas chambers
211:
180:
171:John Paul II
163:World War II
159:canonization
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145:2008. Rabbi
128:
125:US Synagogue
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115:Benedict XVI
110:
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1788:God Is Love
1775:Encyclicals
1649:Resignation
1565:January 10,
1513:January 10,
1312:January 10,
982:January 10,
956:January 10,
339:David Rosen
238:Elie Wiesel
161:process of
2072:Categories
2025:Alma Mater
1995:Ceremonial
1628:Early life
1488:2020-04-21
1463:2020-04-21
1434:2020-04-21
1391:2009-05-15
1287:2020-04-21
1115:10 January
798:2020-04-21
744:2009-04-20
619:2009-01-31
559:2009-05-11
522:References
508:exonerated
451:Yad Vashem
428:Portuguese
368:Yad Vashem
288:Yad Vashem
254:Chancellor
234:Yad Vashem
1936:Holy Week
1795:Spe salvi
1756:Ecumenism
1635:(brother)
1621:Biography
1111:. nbcnews
924:The Times
849:The Times
549:0040-781X
455:Holocaust
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290:Chairman
242:Holocaust
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1720:Theology
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1523:cite web
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1234:Archived
1187:Archived
1149:BBC News
1057:. London
976:Ynetnews
926:. London
885:12 March
851:. London
613:BBC News
589:Archived
573:Specific
464:Pius XII
372:Pius XII
167:Pius XII
153:Pius XII
143:Passover
34:Election
1955:Travels
1761:Judaism
1080:Reuters
1003:Reuters
905:Haaretz
527:General
436:Italian
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416:English
393:Judaism
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950:DW.COM
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