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442:"At this point, as again in the mid-eleventh century, we come across elections in which problems of harmonizing historical criteria and those of theology and canon law make it impossible to decide clearly which side possessed the legitimacy whose factual existence guarantees the unbroken lawful succession of the Successors of Saint Peter. The uncertainty that in some cases results has made it advisable to abandon the assignation of successive numbers in the list of the Popes."
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451:(who chronicled the events of this period) wrote, and if, as seems certain, no further protest was made against Leo's position, it has been the consensus of historians that he may be regarded as a true pope from July 964 to his death in 965. The fact that no one else attempted to claim the papacy during this time and that the next pope to assume the name Leo was consecrated
310:
troops. Leo, hoping to reach out to the Roman nobility, persuaded Otto to release the hostages he had taken from the leading Roman families in exchange for their continued good behaviour. However, once Otto left Rome around 12 January 964, the Romans again rebelled, and caused Leo to flee Rome and take refuge with Otto sometime in
February 964.
309:
on 6 December 963. The deposed John, however, still had a large body of sympathisers within Rome; he offered large bribes to the Roman nobility if they would rise up and overthrow Otto and kill Leo, and so, in early
January 964, the Roman people staged an uprising that was quickly put down by Otto's
446:
Due to Leo's uncanonical original election, it is now accepted that, at least until the deposition of
Benedict V, he was almost certainly an antipope. The deposition of John XII was almost certainly invalid, as John did not acquiesce, so the election of Benedict V almost certainly was canonical.
336:
while Leo was still alive. Benedict responded, "If I have sinned, have mercy on me." Having received a promise from the emperor that his life would be spared if he submitted, Benedict threw himself at Leo's feet and acknowledged his guilt. Brought before a
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393:. Although Leo certainly granted various concessions to his imperial patron, it is now believed that the "investiture" bulls associated with Leo were, if not completely fabricated during the
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245:. His instructions were to reassure the emperor that the pope was determined to correct the abuses of the papal court, as well as protest Otto's actions in demanding that cities in the
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369:, many of which detailed granting privileges to Otto and his successors. Some of the bulls were alleged to grant the Holy Roman emperors the right to choose their successors in the
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The former pope was brought before Leo with
Benedict's clerical and lay supporters and clad in his pontifical robes. Benedict was asked how he dared to assume the chair of
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was torn from him, and his pastoral staff was broken over him by Leo. However, through the intercession of Otto, Benedict was allowed to retain the rank of
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Having been crowned by Otto, the remainder of Leo's pontificate was reasonably trouble-free. He issued numerous
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described him as venerable, energetic, and honourable. He had some streets dedicated to him in and around the
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Leo in the process. Leo remained with Otto, and, with the death of John XII in May 964, the Romans elected
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473:
The Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages, Vol. IV: The Popes in the Days of Feudal
Anarchy, 891–999
377:
from the emperor. In addition, Leo is also claimed to have relinquished to Otto all the territory of the
225:(or superintendent of the Roman public schools for scribes) in the papal court during the pontificate of
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in the space of a day by Sico, the cardinal-bishop of Ostia, who then proceeded to consecrate him as
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and the right to nominate the pope, and all popes, archbishops, and bishops were to receive
286:
217:, Leo came from an illustrious noble family. He was the son of John, who held the office of
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229:. In 963, he was included in a party that John sent to the newly crowned
179:
163:
67:
269:
convened by the emperor uncanonically deposed John XII (who had fled to
174:
and again from 23 June 964 to his death. Today, he is considered by the
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353:. Then, after having the Roman nobility swear an oath over the Tomb of
346:
290:
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to obey and be faithful to Leo, Otto departed Rome in late June 964.
350:
306:
302:
298:
273:). It proceeded to elect Leo VIII, who was the emperor's nominee, as
242:
234:
190:
4868:
4036:
4000:
2856:
270:
4041:
3760:
720:
671:
274:
208:
193:, Leo VIII's pontificate occurred after the period known as the
183:
125:
71:
5975:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the
Immaculate Heart of Mary
4942:
2860:
2414:
693:
481:
Lives of the Popes: The
Pontiffs from St. Peter to Benedict XVI
647:
Opera Omnia by Migne
Patrologia Latina with analytical indexes
438:
makes the following point about the pontificate of Leo VIII:
249:
take an oath of fidelity to the emperor instead of the pope.
2410:
162:
915 – 1 March 965) was a Roman prelate who claimed the
432:
for many years, his current status is still confusing. The
5864:
Dechristianization of France during the French
Revolution
317:
which in turn deposed Leo on 26 February 964, with John
277:
on 4 December 963. Since Leo was still a layman, he was
447:
However, if
Benedict did consent to his deposition as
5895:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
82:
26 February 964 (as antipope); 1 March 965 (as pope)
6079:
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52:
23:
400:Leo VIII died on 1 March 965 and was succeeded by
5965:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
466:The History of Rome in the Middle Ages, Vol. III
455:also seems to indicate that he is a true pope.
313:John XII returned, and in February convened a
4954:
2872:
2426:
705:
8:
261:, Leo had been appointed protonotary to the
182:during the first period and the legitimate
16:Head of the Catholic Church from 964 to 965
5980:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
5930:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5349:
5338:
5121:
4961:
4947:
4939:
4801:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
3742:
3257:
2942:
2879:
2865:
2857:
2735:
2659:
2433:
2419:
2411:
2179:
712:
698:
690:
651:
44:
20:
257:By the time Otto entered Rome to depose
600:
494:
237:, who was besieging the deposed King
7:
166:from 963 until 964 in opposition to
5834:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
612:Mann, pg. 281; Gregorovius, pg. 356
221:. Although a layperson, he was the
186:during the second. An appointee of
5389:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
14:
6196:
6184:
5515:Fourth Council of Constantinople
5470:Second Council of Constantinople
4923:
4922:
4911:
4879:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
4427:Criticism of the Catholic Church
2839:
2829:
2828:
2392:
2381:
2380:
6259:Burials at St. Peter's Basilica
5485:Third Council of Constantinople
5409:First Council of Constantinople
3046:First seven ecumenical councils
428:Although Leo was considered an
77:
61:
5724:Dissolution of the monasteries
4990:History of the Catholic Church
3621:Separation of church and state
1:
5598:Fourth Council of the Lateran
5573:Second Council of the Lateran
5182:Apostles in the New Testament
2794:Conclavist/post-Sedevacantist
381:that had been granted to the
159:
119:
5712:Catholic Counter-Reformation
5578:Third Council of the Lateran
5568:First Council of the Lateran
5024:Catholic ecumenical councils
479:McBrien, Richard P. (2000).
341:convened by Leo, Benedict's
241:at the castle of St. Leo in
6275:
5058:History of the Roman Curia
4918:Catholic Church portal
6179:
5794:European wars of religion
5105:Eastern Catholic Churches
4906:
4844:Aid to the Church in Need
4465:Vatican Television Center
4110:Eastern Catholic Churches
2894:
2824:
2771:Apostles of Infinite Love
2376:
731:
678:
669:
661:
654:
564:Gregorovius, pgs. 350–351
211:in the region around the
146:
43:
36:
5925:Mary of the Divine Heart
5548:Clash against the empire
5500:Second Council of Nicaea
5394:Old St. Peter's Basilica
4786:Communion and Liberation
4250:Eastern Catholic liturgy
3415:Mystici Corporis Christi
3343:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
2652:Late Middle Ages /
519:Mann, pgs. 260 & 280
501:Mann, pgs. 255 & 280
464:Gregorovius, Ferdinand,
140:1 March 965 (aged c. 50)
6191:Vatican City portal
5543:Investiture Controversy
5399:First Council of Nicaea
3601:Philosophy of canon law
3531:Mariology of the saints
3111:Investiture Controversy
2194:During the Roman Empire
418:descensus Leonis Prothi
395:Investiture Controversy
6239:10th-century antipopes
6203:Catholicism portal
6014:Second Vatican Council
5900:Our Lady of La Salette
5707:Protestant Reformation
5694:Protestant Reformation
5613:Second Council of Lyon
5002:Ecclesiastical history
4854:Catholic Charities USA
4488:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4476:Vatican Polyglot Press
3526:Mariology of the popes
3164:Protestant Reformation
2846:Catholicism portal
2399:Catholic Church Portal
2259:Conflicts with the HRE
656:Catholic Church titles
444:
148:Other popes named Leo
5910:First Vatican Council
5608:First Council of Lyon
5372:Constantine the Great
5068:Christian monasticism
4608:Good Shepherd Sisters
4450:Holy See Press Office
3688:Doctors of the Church
3521:Immaculate Conception
3476:Anointing of the Sick
3011:History of the papacy
2623:Victor IV (1159–1164)
2175:History of the papacy
440:
6087:Sexual abuse scandal
5996:Mit brennender Sorge
5839:Age of Enlightenment
5618:Bernard of Clairvaux
5495:Byzantine Iconoclasm
5434:Council of Chalcedon
5214:Council of Jerusalem
5083:Role in civilization
5063:Religious institutes
4995:By country or region
4481:L'Osservatore Romano
4419:Role in civilisation
4145:Croatian and Serbian
3893:Episcopal conference
3855:St. Peter's Basilica
3213:Sexual abuse scandal
3169:Catholic Reformation
2337:Revolutionary Papacy
2331:Age of Enlightenment
573:Gregorovius, pg. 354
546:Gregorovius, pg. 349
537:Gregorovius, pg. 348
449:Liutprand of Cremona
343:episcopal ordination
239:Berengar II of Italy
5915:Papal infallibility
5905:Our Lady of Lourdes
5854:Shimabara Rebellion
5698:Counter-Reformation
4816:Neocatechumenal Way
4781:Charismatic Renewal
4495:Annuario Pontificio
4093:Particular churches
3769:Ecumenical councils
3541:Perpetual virginity
3376:Communitas perfecta
3320:Sermon on the Mount
2184:Antiquity and Early
1988:17th–21st centuries
1702:13th–16th centuries
622:Annuario Pontificio
435:Annuario Pontificio
253:Struggle for papacy
70:); 23 June 964 (as
66:6 December 963 (as
6244:10th-century popes
5960:Our Lady of Fátima
5749:Ignatius of Loyola
5673:Catherine of Siena
5641:Pope Boniface VIII
5460:Benedict of Nursia
5429:Council of Ephesus
5266:Ante-Nicene period
5219:Split with Judaism
5053:Crusading movement
4653:Premonstratensians
3036:Ante-Nicene period
2914:Lists of Catholics
2319:Reformation Papacy
2313:Renaissance Papacy
2255:(1012–1044 / 1048)
2208:Ostrogothic Papacy
1301:9th–12th centuries
528:Mann, pgs. 260–261
510:Mann, pgs. 255–256
413:Clivus Argentarius
407:Liber Pontificalis
231:Holy Roman emperor
214:Clivus Argentarius
188:Holy Roman Emperor
142:Rome, Papal States
6211:
6210:
6171:COVID-19 pandemic
6149:Pope Benedict XVI
6054:Pope John Paul II
5829:Pope Benedict XIV
5815:French Revolution
5799:Thirty Years' War
5789:Robert Bellarmine
5774:John of the Cross
5678:Pope Alexander VI
5663:Council of Vienne
5593:Francis of Assisi
5583:Pope Innocent III
5452:Early Middle Ages
5446:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5384:Arian controversy
5337:
5336:
5285:Apostolic Fathers
4936:
4935:
4346:
4345:
3739:
3562:
3561:
3254:
3231:
3230:
3223:COVID-19 pandemic
3193:French Revolution
3183:Thirty Years' War
3091:Islamic conquests
3004:Apostolic fathers
2939:
2854:
2853:
2820:
2819:
2718:
2717:
2495:Early Middle Ages
2408:
2407:
2372:
2371:
2264:Wandering Papacy
2227:Saeculum obscurum
2200:Under Constantine
1005:5th–8th centuries
799:1st–4th centuries
783:papal resignation
688:
687:
679:Succeeded by
471:Mann, Horace K.,
345:was revoked, his
196:saeculum obscurum
153:
152:
6266:
6201:
6200:
6189:
6188:
6187:
6166:Patriarch Kirill
6039:Pope John Paul I
5844:Anti-clericalism
5824:Pope Innocent XI
5744:Society of Jesus
5729:Council of Trent
5683:Age of Discovery
5628:Late Middle Ages
5530:High Middle Ages
5520:East–West Schism
5404:Pope Sylvester I
5350:
5339:
5249:General epistles
5244:Pauline epistles
5177:John the Baptist
5160:Great Commission
5122:
5073:Catholic culture
4963:
4956:
4949:
4940:
4926:
4925:
4916:
4915:
4658:Redemptoristines
4506:Religious orders
4432:Anti-Catholicism
4382:Church buildings
4242:Catholic liturgy
3982:Consecrated life
3840:Apostolic Palace
3807:Synod of Bishops
3743:
3719:
3325:Ten Commandments
3258:
3240:
3141:Age of Discovery
2975:Great Commission
2943:
2927:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2858:
2844:
2843:
2832:
2831:
2736:
2660:
2618:Victor IV (1138)
2536:High Middle Ages
2435:
2428:
2421:
2412:
2396:
2384:
2383:
2304:Early Modern and
2214:Byzantine Papacy
2180:
714:
707:
700:
691:
662:Preceded by
652:
634:
631:
625:
619:
613:
610:
604:
598:
592:
589:
583:
582:Mann, pgs. 275-6
580:
574:
571:
565:
562:
556:
553:
547:
544:
538:
535:
529:
526:
520:
517:
511:
508:
502:
499:
484:
483:. HarperCollins.
416:, including the
371:Kingdom of Italy
223:protoscriniarius
178:to have been an
161:
121:
107:Personal details
48:
21:
6274:
6273:
6269:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6264:
6263:
6214:
6213:
6212:
6207:
6195:
6185:
6183:
6175:
6097:World Youth Day
6075:
6064:World Youth Day
6008:Pacem in terris
6002:Pope John XXIII
5941:
5868:
5859:Edict of Nantes
5817:
5813:
5803:
5769:Teresa of Ávila
5764:Tridentine Mass
5700:
5696:
5687:
5668:Knights Templar
5622:
5524:
5480:Gregorian chant
5438:
5364:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5345:
5333:
5260:
5129:
5117:
5109:
4976:
4974:Catholic Church
4967:
4937:
4932:
4910:
4902:
4881:
4864:Relief Services
4830:
4776:Catholic Action
4766:Military orders
4703:Confraternities
4695:of the faithful
4694:
4687:
4509:
4500:
4436:
4342:
4236:
4095:
4087:
4020:Prior, Prioress
3976:
3869:
3865:Vatican Museums
3816:
3749:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3718:
3712:
3637:
3591:Social teaching
3558:
3497:
3442:
3397:One true church
3361:
3338:Sixtine Vulgate
3334:Official Bible
3248:
3244:
3239:
3227:
3145:
3077:
3022:
2992:Petrine primacy
2935:
2931:
2926:
2918:
2890:
2888:Catholic Church
2885:
2855:
2850:
2838:
2816:
2788:
2765:
2727:
2714:
2691:
2653:
2647:
2531:
2490:
2444:
2439:
2409:
2404:
2368:
2351:(1929–present)
2305:
2299:
2253:Tusculan Papacy
2245:
2239:
2220:Frankish Papacy
2185:
2169:
1983:
1697:
1296:
1000:
794:
727:
725:Catholic Church
718:
684:
675:
667:
643:
638:
637:
632:
628:
620:
616:
611:
607:
599:
595:
590:
586:
581:
577:
572:
568:
563:
559:
554:
550:
545:
541:
536:
532:
527:
523:
518:
514:
509:
505:
500:
496:
491:
478:
461:
426:
387:Pepin the Short
363:
319:excommunicating
255:
205:
176:Catholic Church
141:
132:
123:
118:
117:
57:Catholic Church
32:
29:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6272:
6270:
6262:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6216:
6215:
6209:
6208:
6206:
6205:
6193:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6145:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6094:
6089:
6083:
6081:
6077:
6076:
6074:
6073:
6072:
6071:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6004:
5999:
5992:
5987:
5985:Lateran Treaty
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5951:
5949:
5943:
5942:
5940:
5939:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5876:
5874:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5820:
5818:
5810:Baroque period
5808:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5779:Peter Canisius
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5754:Francis Xavier
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5718:Exsurge Domine
5714:
5709:
5703:
5701:
5692:
5689:
5688:
5686:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5658:Pope Clement V
5655:
5654:
5653:
5651:Avignon Papacy
5646:Western Schism
5643:
5638:
5636:Thomas Aquinas
5632:
5630:
5624:
5623:
5621:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5534:
5532:
5526:
5525:
5523:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5490:Saint Boniface
5487:
5482:
5477:
5475:Pope Gregory I
5472:
5467:
5462:
5456:
5454:
5448:
5447:
5444:
5443:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5414:Biblical canon
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5380:
5379:
5368:
5366:
5347:
5343:Late antiquity
5335:
5334:
5332:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5310:
5309:
5304:
5303:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5290:Pope Clement I
5280:Church Fathers
5277:
5271:
5269:
5262:
5261:
5259:
5258:
5257:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5205:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5163:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5136:
5134:
5119:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5080:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5041:Biblical canon
5036:Catholic Bible
5033:
5032:
5031:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4998:
4997:
4986:
4984:
4978:
4977:
4968:
4966:
4965:
4958:
4951:
4943:
4934:
4933:
4931:
4930:
4920:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4901:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4882:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4840:
4838:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4811:Legion of Mary
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4762:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4749:
4748:
4747:
4740:Lay Carmelites
4737:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4699:
4697:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4588:Conceptionists
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4523:Assumptionists
4519:
4517:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4491:
4484:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4452:
4446:
4444:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4390:
4389:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4368:
4367:
4356:
4354:
4348:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4287:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4246:
4244:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4232:
4227:
4225:Syro-Malankara
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4175:Italo-Albanian
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4107:
4101:
4099:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4063:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4029:
4024:
4023:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
3993:
3986:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3895:
3884:
3882:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3845:Lateran Treaty
3842:
3837:
3832:
3826:
3824:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3771:
3766:
3757:
3755:
3740:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3647:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3606:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3581:Moral theology
3578:
3572:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3507:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3452:
3450:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3411:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3371:
3369:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3345:
3340:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3264:
3262:
3255:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3166:
3155:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3096:Pope Gregory I
3093:
3087:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3070:
3068:Biblical canon
3065:
3063:Late antiquity
3060:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3043:
3038:
3032:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3008:
3007:
3006:
2999:Church fathers
2996:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2951:
2949:
2940:
2933:Ecclesiastical
2920:
2919:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2861:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2836:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2798:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2775:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2742:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2701:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2668:
2666:
2657:
2655:Western Schism
2649:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2548:Anastasius III
2545:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2522:Constantine II
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2449:Late Antiquity
2446:
2445:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2415:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2390:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2358:
2346:
2343:Roman Question
2340:
2334:
2333:(c. 1640–1740)
2328:
2325:Baroque Papacy
2322:
2316:
2309:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2294:Western Schism
2291:
2288:Avignon Papacy
2285:
2284:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2262:
2256:
2249:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2234:Crescentii era
2231:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2190:
2188:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2040:Alexander VIII
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
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641:External links
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5936:Rerum novarum
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5224:New Testament
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5187:Commissioning
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4752:Saint Francis
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3753:
3752:List of popes
3748:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3715:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
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3649:
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3607:
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3602:
3599:
3597:
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3592:
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3579:
3577:
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3573:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3536:Mother of God
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3508:
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3436:
3434:
3433:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3421:People of God
3419:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3410:
3409:Infallibility
3407:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3388:
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3333:
3331:
3328:
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3318:
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3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3285:Body and soul
3283:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3259:
3256:
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3247:
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3224:
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3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3188:Enlightenment
3186:
3184:
3181:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3159:Protestantism
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3136:Scholasticism
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3121:Schism (1378)
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3106:Schism (1054)
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3088:
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3080:
3074:
3071:
3069:
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3061:
3057:
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3037:
3034:
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3017:
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3009:
3005:
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2952:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2925:
2921:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2882:
2877:
2875:
2870:
2868:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2835:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2757:Gregory XVIII
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2677:Benedict XIII
2675:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2650:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2633:Callixtus III
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2424:
2422:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2379:
2378:
2375:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2302:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2244:High and Late
2242:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2060:Benedict XIII
2058:
2056:
2055:Innocent XIII
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2020:Alexander VII
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1889:Innocent VIII
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1869:Callixtus III
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1789:Boniface VIII
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1688:Celestine III
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1663:Alexander III
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1653:Anastasius IV
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1553:Sylvester III
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1538:Benedict VIII
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1062:Anastasius II
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1003:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
803:
801:
797:
791:
788:
784:
781:
780:
779:
778:Pope emeritus
776:
774:
771:
767:
764:
762:
759:
758:
756:
754:
751:
747:
744:
742:
739:
738:
737:
736:List of popes
734:
733:
730:
726:
722:
715:
710:
708:
703:
701:
696:
695:
692:
683:
674:
673:
666:
660:
657:
653:
648:
645:
644:
640:
633:Mann, pg. 280
630:
627:
623:
618:
615:
609:
606:
602:
597:
594:
591:Mann, pg. 276
588:
585:
579:
576:
570:
567:
561:
558:
555:Mann, pg. 262
552:
549:
543:
540:
534:
531:
525:
522:
516:
513:
507:
504:
498:
495:
488:
482:
477:
474:
470:
467:
463:
462:
458:
456:
454:
450:
443:
439:
437:
436:
431:
423:
421:
419:
415:
414:
409:
408:
403:
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
383:Apostolic See
380:
376:
372:
368:
360:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
335:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
311:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:Apostolic See
260:
259:Pope John XII
252:
250:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
215:
210:
202:
200:
198:
197:
192:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
157:
156:Pope Leo VIII
149:
145:
139:
135:
131:
127:
114:
110:
105:
102:
99:
95:
92:
89:
85:
81:
73:
69:
65:
58:
55:
51:
47:
42:
39:
35:
27:
22:
19:
6158:
6154:Pope Francis
6080:21st century
6029:Pope Paul VI
6006:
5994:
5947:20th century
5934:
5885:Pope Pius IX
5873:19th century
5849:Pope Pius VI
5716:
5588:Latin Empire
5558:Universities
5510:Pope Leo III
5377:Christianity
5362:state church
5354:Great Church
5155:Resurrection
5118:(30–325/476)
5115:Early Church
5100:Latin Church
5095:Papal States
5090:Vatican City
4898:Universities
4730:Third orders
4693:Associations
4683:Visitandines
4678:Trinitarians
4628:Mercedarians
4613:Hieronymites
4558:Camaldoleses
4543:Benedictines
4533:Augustinians
4493:
4486:
4479:
4460:Vatican News
4414:Distinctions
4220:Syro-Malabar
4105:Latin Church
4027:Grand master
3925:Metropolitan
3822:Vatican City
3717:Organisation
3596:Philosophers
3461:Confirmation
3438:In canon law
3432:Subsistit in
3430:
3426:Three states
3413:
3374:
3367:Ecclesiology
3349:Nova Vulgata
3347:
3305:Original sin
3300:Nicene Creed
3290:Divine grace
3249:
3131:Universities
3101:Papal States
3028:Great Church
2970:Resurrection
2947:Early Church
2784:Gregory XVII
2747:Gregory XVII
2687:Benedict XIV
2682:Clement VIII
2638:Innocent III
2613:Anacletus II
2608:Celestine II
2603:Gregory VIII
2598:Sylvester IV
2558:Boniface VII
2397:
2385:
2355:World War II
2349:Vatican City
2225:
2196:(until 493)
2160:Benedict XVI
2155:John Paul II
2075:Clement XIII
2070:Benedict XIV
2045:Innocent XII
1979:Clement VIII
1954:Gregory XIII
1934:Marcellus II
1894:Alexander VI
1844:Innocent VII
1809:Benedict XII
1764:Nicholas III
1729:Alexander IV
1719:Celestine IV
1709:Honorius III
1693:Innocent III
1678:Gregory VIII
1638:Celestine II
1623:Callixtus II
1593:Alexander II
1518:Sylvester II
1498:Benedict VII
1482:
1458:Stephen VIII
1343:Benedict III
1197:Adeodatus II
1142:Boniface III
996:Anastasius I
670:
629:
621:
617:
608:
601:McBrien 2000
596:
587:
578:
569:
560:
551:
542:
533:
524:
515:
506:
497:
480:
472:
465:
445:
441:
433:
427:
417:
411:
405:
399:
379:Papal States
364:
331:
312:
256:
247:Papal States
222:
212:
206:
194:
155:
154:
130:Papal States
79:Papacy ended
63:Papacy began
18:
6249:910s births
6160:Laudato si'
5955:Pope Pius X
5784:Philip Neri
5759:Pope Pius V
5734:Thomas More
5603:Inquisition
5505:Charlemagne
5465:Monasticism
5275:Persecution
5167:Holy Spirit
5150:Crucifixion
5029:First seven
4888:Health care
4874:Pax Christi
4826:Schoenstatt
4791:Sant'Egidio
4623:Legionaries
4603:Franciscans
4578:Cistercians
4573:Carthusians
4528:Annonciades
4387:Altarpieces
4280:West Syriac
4275:East Syriac
4255:Alexandrian
3879:Holy orders
3860:Swiss Guard
3800:Dicasteries
3795:Roman Curia
3693:Evangelists
3651:Holy Family
3586:Personalism
3576:Natural law
3554:Josephology
3488:Holy orders
3126:Inquisition
3083:Middle Ages
3073:Monasticism
3041:Constantine
2965:Crucifixion
2705:Alexander V
2672:Clement VII
2628:Paschal III
2583:Clement III
2578:Honorius II
2553:Christopher
2363:(1945–1991)
2357:(1939–1945)
2345:(1870–1929)
2339:(1775–1848)
2327:(1585–1689)
2321:(1534–1585)
2315:(1417–1534)
2296:(1378–1417)
2290:(1309–1378)
2282:, 1228–1304
2276:, 1262–1297
2270:, 1257–1281
2261:(1048–1257)
2246:Middle Ages
2186:Middle Ages
2150:John Paul I
2125:Benedict XV
2105:Gregory XVI
2080:Clement XIV
2065:Clement XII
2035:Innocent XI
1974:Innocent IX
1969:Gregory XIV
1919:Clement VII
1849:Gregory XII
1839:Boniface IX
1819:Innocent VI
1794:Benedict XI
1784:Celestine V
1779:Nicholas IV
1774:Honorius IV
1724:Innocent IV
1683:Clement III
1633:Innocent II
1628:Honorius II
1618:Gelasius II
1598:Gregory VII
1588:Nicholas II
1548:Benedict IX
1493:Benedict VI
1468:Agapetus II
1443:Stephen VII
1418:Sergius III
1408:Benedict IV
1398:Theodore II
1383:Boniface VI
1282:Stephen III
1262:Gregory III
1252:Constantine
1217:Benedict II
1152:Adeodatus I
1147:Boniface IV
1127:Pelagius II
1087:Boniface II
1027:Celestine I
966:Sylvester I
951:Marcellus I
946:Marcellinus
881:Callixtus I
866:Eleutherius
841:Telesphorus
831:Alexander I
753:Papal names
391:Charlemagne
375:investiture
361:Pontificate
355:Saint Peter
334:Saint Peter
219:protonotary
87:Predecessor
6254:965 deaths
6218:Categories
6033:coronation
5739:Pope Leo X
5324:Tertullian
5254:Revelation
5229:Background
4643:Oratorians
4598:Dominicans
4568:Carmelites
4563:Camillians
4511:institutes
4324:Tridentine
4260:Antiochian
4180:Macedonian
4125:Belarusian
4015:Provincial
3930:Archbishop
3850:Roman Rota
3812:Properties
3737:By country
3733:Precedence
3698:Confessors
3678:Archangels
3668:Patriarchs
3568:Philosophy
3546:Veneration
3511:Assumption
3481:Last rites
3448:Sacraments
3392:Four marks
3203:Vatican II
3151:Modern era
2987:Succession
2812:Michael II
2779:Clement XV
2732:Modern era
2710:John XXIII
2643:Nicholas V
2573:Benedict X
2568:Gregory VI
2502:Laurentius
2461:Hippolytus
2306:Modern Era
2236:(974–1012)
2140:John XXIII
2050:Clement XI
2025:Clement IX
2015:Innocent X
2010:Urban VIII
2005:Gregory XV
1929:Julius III
1864:Nicholas V
1829:Gregory XI
1814:Clement VI
1749:Innocent V
1739:Clement IV
1714:Gregory IX
1668:Lucius III
1648:Eugene III
1613:Paschal II
1603:Victor III
1583:Stephen IX
1568:Damasus II
1563:Clement II
1558:Gregory VI
1533:Sergius IV
1528:John XVIII
1478:Benedict V
1463:Marinus II
1388:Stephen VI
1368:Adrian III
1348:Nicholas I
1333:Sergius II
1328:Gregory IV
1308:Stephen IV
1272:Stephen II
1257:Gregory II
1177:Theodore I
1162:Honorius I
1157:Boniface V
1122:Benedict I
1112:Pelagius I
1097:Agapetus I
1057:Gelasius I
1047:Simplicius
1032:Sixtus III
1022:Boniface I
1012:Innocent I
876:Zephyrinus
790:Pope-elect
766:non-extant
665:Benedict V
459:References
323:Benedict V
203:Early life
172:Benedict V
91:Benedict V
6224:Antipopes
6049:Communism
6019:Ecumenism
5365:(380–451)
5357:(180–451)
5346:(313–476)
5268:(100–325)
4884:See also:
4836:Charities
4745:Discalced
4673:Trappists
4668:Theatines
4638:Olivetans
4583:Clarisses
4553:Blue nuns
4538:Basilians
4515:societies
4423:See also:
4309:Mozarabic
4299:Ambrosian
4285:Malankara
4270:Byzantine
4230:Ukrainian
4205:Ruthenian
4170:Hungarian
4155:Ethiopian
4130:Bulgarian
4097:sui iuris
4081:Postulant
3990:Religious
3945:Auxiliary
3940:Coadjutor
3910:Patriarch
3778:Cardinals
3725:Canon law
3721:Hierarchy
3703:Disciples
3626:Relations
3614:Evolution
3605:See also:
3550:See also:
3503:Mariology
3493:Matrimony
3466:Eucharist
3387:Ecumenism
3315:Salvation
3251:Catechism
3246:Tradition
3208:Communism
3056:Chalcedon
2807:Pius XIII
2802:Michael I
2762:Peter III
2740:Palmarian
2588:Theodoric
2543:John VIII
2507:Dioscorus
2481:Ursicinus
2471:Heraclius
2442:Antipopes
2230:(904–964)
2222:(756–857)
2216:(537–752)
2210:(493–537)
2202:(312–337)
2100:Pius VIII
2030:Clement X
1964:Urban VII
1914:Adrian VI
1904:Julius II
1884:Sixtus IV
1859:Eugene IV
1804:John XXII
1799:Clement V
1769:Martin IV
1744:Gregory X
1673:Urban III
1658:Adrian IV
1643:Lucius II
1578:Victor II
1523:John XVII
1513:Gregory V
1488:John XIII
1373:Stephen V
1363:Marinus I
1358:John VIII
1353:Adrian II
1323:Valentine
1318:Eugene II
1313:Paschal I
1247:Sisinnius
1232:Sergius I
1167:Severinus
1132:Gregory I
1102:Silverius
1072:Hormisdas
1067:Symmachus
1052:Felix III
986:Damasus I
961:Miltiades
936:Eutychian
926:Dionysius
921:Sixtus II
916:Stephen I
906:Cornelius
826:Evaristus
821:Clement I
816:Anacletus
746:canonised
741:graphical
682:John XIII
402:John XIII
329:as Pope.
295:subdeacon
283:ostiarius
101:John XIII
97:Successor
6059:HIV/AIDS
5553:Crusades
5307:Irenaeus
5300:Ignatius
5295:Polycarp
5145:Ministry
5133:(30–100)
5007:Timeline
4928:Category
4821:Opus Dei
4806:Scouting
4796:Focolare
4663:Servites
4648:Piarists
4593:Crosiers
4329:Anglican
4265:Armenian
4195:Romanian
4185:Maronite
4160:Georgian
4150:Eritrean
4135:Chaldean
4120:Armenian
4115:Albanian
3996:Superior
3955:Emeritus
3935:Diocesan
3788:Advisers
3747:Holy See
3673:Prophets
3631:Politics
3402:Catholic
3382:Councils
3237:Theology
3116:Crusades
3051:Nicaea I
2982:Apostles
2960:Ministry
2929:Timeline
2909:Glossary
2834:Category
2752:Peter II
2593:Adalbert
2563:John XVI
2512:Theodore
2486:Eulalius
2476:Felix II
2466:Novatian
2456:Natalius
2387:Category
2361:Cold War
2135:Pius XII
2115:Leo XIII
2090:Pius VII
1959:Sixtus V
1924:Paul III
1899:Pius III
1854:Martin V
1834:Urban VI
1759:John XXI
1754:Adrian V
1734:Urban IV
1608:Urban II
1543:John XIX
1503:John XIV
1483:Leo VIII
1473:John XII
1378:Formosus
1287:Adrian I
1242:John VII
1192:Vitalian
1187:Eugene I
1182:Martin I
1137:Sabinian
1117:John III
1107:Vigilius
1082:Felix IV
1042:Hilarius
991:Siricius
981:Liberius
976:Julius I
956:Eusebius
911:Lucius I
871:Victor I
856:Anicetus
836:Sixtus I
773:Antipope
676:964–965
430:antipope
279:ordained
227:John XII
207:Born in
180:antipope
168:John XII
164:Holy See
68:antipope
31:Leo VIII
6024:Judaism
5424:Vulgate
5234:Gospels
5209:Stephen
5126:Origins
5046:Vulgate
4982:General
4972:of the
4970:History
4893:Schools
4849:Caritas
4757:Secular
4723:Workers
4618:Jesuits
4404:Museums
4399:Library
4377:Writers
4372:Artists
4352:Culture
4319:Paul VI
4200:Russian
4190:Melkite
4032:Brother
4010:General
3950:Titular
3920:Primate
3898:Eparchy
3888:Diocese
3835:Outline
3774:College
3764:Francis
3708:Virgins
3683:Martyrs
3609:Science
3516:History
3471:Penance
3456:Baptism
3357:Worship
3330:Vulgate
3278:Kingdom
3273:Trinity
3261:General
3016:Primacy
2924:History
2904:Outline
2723:Felix V
2664:Avignon
2517:Paschal
2280:Perugia
2274:Orvieto
2268:Viterbo
2165:Francis
2145:Paul VI
2130:Pius XI
2110:Pius IX
2095:Leo XII
2085:Pius VI
1944:Pius IV
1939:Paul IV
1879:Paul II
1874:Pius II
1824:Urban V
1508:John XV
1453:Leo VII
1448:John XI
1403:John IX
1393:Romanus
1292:Leo III
1267:Zachary
1237:John VI
1172:John IV
1092:John II
1017:Zosimus
931:Felix I
896:Anterus
891:Pontian
886:Urban I
846:Hyginus
723:of the
347:pallium
291:acolyte
5990:Nazism
5812:to the
5419:Jerome
5329:Origen
5012:Papacy
4771:Fimcap
4713:Marian
4633:Minims
4365:Marian
4215:Syriac
4210:Slovak
4140:Coptic
4076:Oblate
4071:Master
4066:Novice
4061:Hermit
4049:Sister
4005:Abbess
3972:Deacon
3967:Priest
3962:Parish
3905:Bishop
3875:Polity
3661:Joseph
3643:Saints
3310:Saints
3198:Nazism
2527:Philip
2120:Pius X
2000:Paul V
1995:Leo XI
1949:Pius V
1573:Leo IX
1438:Leo VI
1433:John X
1338:Leo IV
1277:Paul I
1222:John V
1212:Leo II
1207:Agatho
1077:John I
901:Fabian
851:Pius I
761:extant
757:Tombs
624:, 2001
475:(1910)
468:(1895)
453:Leo IX
404:. The
351:deacon
307:bishop
303:priest
299:deacon
287:lector
243:Umbria
235:Otto I
191:Otto I
53:Church
6229:Popes
6092:Islam
5360:Roman
5319:Canon
5192:Peter
5140:Jesus
4869:CIDSE
4718:Youth
4442:Media
4409:Music
4334:Zaire
4314:Roman
4304:Braga
4294:Latin
4165:Greek
4037:Friar
4001:Abbot
3915:Major
3830:Index
3729:Laity
3295:Dogma
3242:Bible
3218:Islam
3174:Trent
2955:Jesus
2937:Legal
2899:Index
1909:Leo X
1428:Lando
1413:Leo V
1227:Conon
1202:Donus
1037:Leo I
941:Caius
861:Soter
811:Linus
806:Peter
721:Popes
489:Notes
367:bulls
339:synod
315:synod
271:Tibur
267:synod
6142:2023
6137:2019
6132:2016
6127:2013
6122:2011
6117:2008
6112:2005
6107:2002
6102:2000
6069:1995
5239:Acts
5202:Paul
5197:John
5172:Mary
4394:Folk
4042:Monk
3783:List
3761:Pope
3656:Mary
2697:Pisa
971:Mark
672:Pope
389:and
301:and
275:pope
265:. A
209:Rome
184:Pope
170:and
137:Died
126:Rome
112:Born
72:pope
26:Pope
5128:and
5078:Art
4708:Lay
4360:Art
4054:Nun
3776:of
3268:God
385:by
281:as
122:915
116:Leo
6220::
4513:,
4003:,
420:.
297:,
293:,
289:,
285:,
233:,
199:.
160:c.
128:,
120:c.
6035:)
6031:(
4962:e
4955:t
4948:v
4508:,
3992::
3881:)
3877:(
3754:)
3750:(
2880:e
2873:t
2866:v
2434:e
2427:t
2420:v
713:e
706:t
699:v
158:(
74:)
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