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directly develop from yolky eggs. Both the eggs and juveniles develop within a brood pouch called a marsupium until the first juvenile stage. The use of the marsupium eliminates the need for there to be an external water source for early development since it is filled with fluid from the mother
296:
in habitats by breaking down dead plant material and animal waste, and thereby releasing essential nutrients back into the ecosystem. The species is known to be an opportunistic feeder, consuming a wide range of organic matter such as leaves, moss, lichens, and even rotting wood. Therefore,
406:, with black and white coloration reminiscent of a cow. This piebald form is sometimes referred to as a "dalmatian gene" by those who keep this morph in captivity. It is caused by an absence of pigment in portions of the animal, creating a pattern against the pigmented sections.
305:
have the ability to tolerate and even accumulate heavy metals in their bodies. This makes them potential candidates for bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. Bioremediation is the use of living organisms to remove pollutants from the environment. In the case of
268:
This species is found under rocks and fallen logs in damp areas, and is otherwise rarely encountered. Records from
Ireland and Britain also place them in agricultural areas like gardens, farms, and stables where they can be found in dung and compost piles.
426:
A mutation isolated from the popular "Dairy Cow" morph. This variety is a more extreme expression of the piebald trait, with minimal to no surface area of the animal displaying any pigment; creating an almost entirely white appearance.
314:
to tolerate heavy metals can also make it an interesting model organism for studying adaptation and speciation. Its tolerance to heavy metals can be evolutionary response to the presence of heavy metals in its natural environment.
229:
It is commonly kept as a pet due to its somewhat easy care requirements and the variety of color morphs available. The species is easy to keep and can be easily established in a terrarium within a few weeks.
581:
301:
can thrive in many different ecological niches. It is also an important food source for many animals, including birds, reptiles, and small mammals. There have been studies that have shown that
218:
This species of woodlouse is distinctively large, appearing up to 20 millimetres (0.79 in) long with a smooth dorsal surface. The males can be identified by their long, spear-shaped
310:, they can be used to help move concentrated heavy metals out of contaminated soils, preventing them from remaining in one place and causing harm to other organisms. The ability for
330:
known to use "alternating turns" as a defense mechanism, running in a mazelike pattern to confuse or avoid perceived threats. Studies suggest that this behavior, also observed in
1149:
1188:
754:"Effect of Vermicompost and Isopod (Porcellio laevis) Fertilizers on The Emergence and Seedling Quality of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata cv. Wismar)"
1123:
1162:
1273:
856:"Do predator cues influence turn alternation behavior in terrestrial isopods Porcellio laevis Latreille and Armadillidium vulgare Latreille?"
460:
1084:
752:
Arin, Levent; Namik Kemal
University, Faculty of Agriculture; Di̇nçsoy, Hilal; Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture (2020).
505:
336:, can be reinforced as a learned response, with more "alternating turns" produced by longer and more frequent exposure to predators.
1240:
1167:
1175:
215:
as well as the vernacular name "swift woodlouse" suggests, the species is capable of quick bursts of speed when provoked.
790:"Effects of Heavy Metals Artificial Contamination on Porcellio laevis (Latreille, 1804) (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea)"
1019:
996:
1102:
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45:
1115:
250:
166:
913:
32:
1268:
964:
348:
1024:
788:
Ghemari, Chedliya; Waterlot, Christophe; Ayari, Anas; Douay, Francis; Nasri-Ammar, Karima (2019-09-15).
761:
332:
150:
855:
265:. The species is also found in North and South America, Western Asia, Japan and some Pacific islands.
1245:
1058:
641:
637:
699:"Histological studies on the marsupium of two terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)"
281:
isopod. This is considered some of the most extensive parental care among terrestrial arthropods.
1232:
891:
833:
555:
234:
Dairy cow isopod" is a commonly used name for a readily available piebald strain of the species.
40:
1154:
444:
where much of pigment of the animal is orange, rather than a shade of grey seen by the typical
412:
but has not been formally described yet. These two species cannot successfully breed together.
1214:
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883:
875:
825:
817:
809:
734:
716:
679:
671:
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642:"The energetics of reproduction and parental care in the terrestrial isopod Porcellio laevis"
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867:
801:
724:
706:
661:
653:
608:
547:
530:
Michael C. Quinlan & Neil F. Hadley (1983). "Water relations of the terrestrial isopods
293:
262:
753:
355:
that can vary widely in color and pattern (sometimes referred to informally as "morphs").
1201:
774:
1001:
540:
Journal of
Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology
1110:
1097:
729:
597:"Two new species and new records of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Oman"
258:
117:
1262:
895:
837:
351:. Multiple polymorphic traits have been line-bred or isolated to produce colonies of
559:
245:
was first recorded in
Britain in the 13th century but it likely originated in North
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198:
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481:"Porcellio laevis Latreille, 1804 | British Myriapod and Isopod Group"
246:
219:
67:
958:
1076:
506:"IS PORCELLIO LAEVIS (LATREILLE) DECLINING IN BRITAIN AND IRELAND?"
697:
Csonka, Diána; Halasy, Katalin; Hornung, Elisabeth (2015-07-30).
226:
separates it visually from many other species in the same genus.
1063:
962:
939:"Dairy Cow Isopods (Porcellio laevis) - Bioactive Pet Guide"
582:
Commonwealth
Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
794:
971:
513:
Bulletin of the
British Myriapod & Isopod Group
854:Hegarty, Kevin G.; Kight, Scott L. (2014-07-01).
914:"Dalmatian Mutation in Different Isopod Species"
8:
959:
31:
20:
728:
710:
665:
612:
357:
636:Lardies, Marco A.; Cotoras, Ivania S.;
472:
770:
759:
408:This morph is a separate species from
907:
905:
849:
847:
601:Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A
461:List of woodlice of the British Isles
7:
1116:74e7a883-0eb3-4f62-a695-5722a74435a7
14:
595:Schmalfuss, Helmut (April 2016).
44:
222:. The smooth dorsal surface of
658:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2004.10.005
1:
1274:Crustaceans described in 1804
326:is one of several species of
273:Development and maternal care
253:, and has been introduced to
872:10.1016/j.beproc.2014.06.005
646:Journal of Insect Physiology
359:Examples of polymorphism in
292:plays an important role in
1290:
806:10.1007/S00128-019-02684-0
538:(Crustacea, Oniscoidea)".
251:cosmopolitan distribution
211:. As the species epithet
156:
149:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
912:Bug, Smug (2020-09-13).
712:10.3897/zookeys.515.9401
536:Porcellionides pruinosus
238:Distribution and habitat
285:Ecological significance
769:Cite journal requires
504:Harding, Paul (2016).
860:Behavioural Processes
373:Description of morph
333:Armadillidium vulgare
1111:Fauna Europaea (new)
638:Bozinovic, Francisco
584:. November 11, 2004.
347:is known to exhibit
16:Species of woodlouse
614:10.18476/sbna.v9.a3
363:
937:Dan (2021-11-16).
552:10.1007/BF00689913
358:
1256:
1255:
1215:Open Tree of Life
965:Taxon identifiers
652:(12): 1127–1135.
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404:Porcellio laevis
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361:Porcellio laevis
353:Porcellio laevis
345:Porcellio laevis
324:Porcellio laevis
294:nutrient cycling
290:Porcellio laevis
278:Porcellio laevis
263:Lord Howe Island
224:Porcellio laevis
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187:swift woodlouse
183:commonly called
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1269:Porcellionidae
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800:(3): 416–420.
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771:|journal=
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705:(515): 81–92.
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640:(2004-12-01).
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762:cite journal
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383:Panda Isopod
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88:Malacostraca
24:
18:
1228:SeaLifeBase
1137:iNaturalist
866:: 168–171.
370:Trait type
249:. It has a
1263:Categories
948:2023-01-09
923:2023-01-09
578:Latreille"
490:2023-01-09
467:References
448:specimen.
437:Recessive
423:Recessive
402:" form of
104:Suborder:
78:Arthropoda
896:205979330
880:0376-6357
838:198491657
814:0007-4861
721:1313-2970
676:0022-1910
623:0341-0145
394:Recessive
379:Dairy Cow
312:P. laevis
308:P. laevis
303:P. laevis
299:P. laevis
255:Australia
243:P. laevis
208:Porcellio
203:woodlouse
195:Australia
167:Latreille
136:Species:
129:Porcellio
108:Oniscidea
64:Kingdom:
58:Eukaryota
1155:10859365
1033:BugGuide
1009:BioLib:
988:Q2741575
982:Wikidata
888:24954552
830:31342133
822:22933490
739:26261442
684:15670860
560:35244660
455:See also
319:Behavior
114:Family:
74:Phylum:
68:Animalia
54:Domain:
1129:6284535
918:Smugbug
730:4525037
703:ZooKeys
400:piebald
387:Germany
328:isopods
220:uropods
199:species
197:) is a
124:Genus:
98:Isopoda
94:Order:
84:Class:
1246:262343
1220:898328
1194:262335
1142:296087
1103:218552
1090:243569
1077:PORCLE
1064:128592
1038:260023
1025:653405
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820:
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727:
719:
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621:
558:
433:Orange
247:Africa
213:laevis
169:, 1804
1241:WoRMS
1233:22720
1207:26499
1168:93268
1150:IRMNG
1085:EUNIS
1051:4LW9G
1012:85205
892:S2CID
834:S2CID
556:S2CID
509:(PDF)
419:White
189:, or
1189:NCBI
1163:ITIS
1124:GBIF
1072:EPPO
1020:BOLD
884:PMID
876:ISSN
826:PMID
818:OSTI
810:ISSN
775:help
735:PMID
717:ISSN
680:PMID
672:ISSN
619:ISSN
534:and
385:(in
261:and
185:the
1176:NBN
1059:EoL
1046:CoL
997:AFD
868:doi
864:106
802:doi
798:103
725:PMC
707:doi
662:hdl
654:doi
609:doi
548:doi
544:151
398:A "
201:of
193:in
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181:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
