431:
364:
533:
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36:
498:, an art historian and museum curator, described Jagger's sculpted figures guarding the entrance to the memorial as an "interesting and effective version of the soldier in action". Another art historian, Geoff Archer, wrote that the memorial as "a particularly impressive example" of a sanctuary or precinct with a large wall used for lists of names, though described Jagger's flanking statues as "significantly his least successful" compared to his more stationary figures on other memorials, particularly his memorials for the Royal Artillery and the Great Western Railway.
553:
275:. Immediately before the war, over 25 per cent of Portsmouth's male working-age population served in the army or the navy and many more were employed in the dockyard. Around 6,000 Portsmouth residents were killed in the war, out of a population of around 200,000 and a workforce of around 85,000 as of the 1911 census. In 1914, 15,000 people were employed in the naval dockyard, a number which had more than doubled since the turn of the century as a result of the
205:, on the south coast of England. Portsmouth was and remains a port and home to a major naval dockyard. The dockyard and the armed forces provided much of the employment in the area in the early 20th century. As such, the town suffered significant losses in the First World War. Planning for a war memorial began shortly after the end of the conflict and a committee was established for the purpose. It selected a site adjacent to a railway embankment close to the
379:, which officially ended hostilities in June 1919, the Royal Navy fired a 101-gun salute off the Portsmouth coast. Several local churches proceeded with their own commemorations and each parish had kept its own roll of honour. A war memorial committee was established to organise the town's civic commemorations. The committee decided to erect a memorial at a site near the
419:, with a screen wall 20 ft (6 m) high, creating a separate precinct. Attached to the wall are bronze panels listing the names of 4,500 dead, 500 of which were from Jutland. The names are organised by branch of service, with those from the army on the northern side, those from the navy on the southern side, and a smaller section in the middle for the fledgling
503:
memorial of unusual dignity and power". It praises Jagger's sculptural work, describing it as "accomplished and animated sculpture" and noting the realism for which Jagger was famed and his "ability to evoke the physical reality of war", and notes its group value with other historic buildings in the area, including the
Guildhall, the
599:
in 1972 and upgraded to grade II* in 2016 to mark the centenary of the Battle of
Jutland. Listed building status offers statutory protection from demolition or modification; grade II* is reserved for "particularly important buildings of more than special interest" and is applied to about 5.5 per cent
466:
on a base of three steps. On its sides are shallow relief carvings of wartime scenes. The front relief is of two warships engaged in battle at sea and the rear shows multiple warships engaging a submarine. On the left-hand side (when viewed from the front) is a naval gun crew loading a shell, and on
579:
In the 1970s, Guildhall Square was redeveloped and the war memorial was reduced in size slightly from an oval shape to a round one and some elements were rearranged to fit. As part of the redevelopment, a wall was created to the east of the memorial. A separate cenotaph-style monument to the Second
502:
described the memorial as "an eloquent tribute to the servicemen and women of
Portsmouth, and the sacrifices they made during the First World War" and praises its "distinguished design" and architectural interest in bringing together multiple "high-quality elements in a harmonious whole, creating a
402:
in early 1919. Gibson and Gordon produced a design involving several sculptural elements, for which they engaged Jagger. The contract for the construction work was won by a local firm, but the quote of just under £20,000 (approximately equivalent to £1,137,000 in 2023) exceeded the available
342:
in 1921, leading to commissions for war memorials across
England and several battlefield memorials abroad. Although memorialisation of the First World War was largely the preserve of architects, Jagger enjoyed more success as a designer of war memorials than any other British sculptor, receiving
487:
Other plaques on the memorial commemorate its unveiling and denote that it was paid for by public subscription. A stone plinth was added in 2003, with the dedication: "TO HONOUR ALL THOSE WHO DIED SERVING THEIR COUNTRY IN TIMES OF PEACE OR CONFLICT. 'WE WILL
403:
budget and the architects were instructed to scale back their design. As a result, they removed several design elements, including an arch linking the memorial to the railway station, several statues, a fountain, and metalwork. The final cost was £15,808.
423:. Within the wall are two arched entrances with wrought iron gates. One, on the northern side, leads beneath the railway and into Victoria Park; the other, on the southern side, leads out of Guildhall Square. Above the panels is the inscription "
512:
580:
World War casualties was added to the site, in front of the wall, in 2005. The rectangular cenotaph features carvings of the badges of the armed forces and on the front, near the top, is the city's coat of arms. It was unveiled by
442:
piers, each containing a recess with a seat supporting a bronze-coloured urn. Above the recesses is a relief carving of a trophy and a shield with a cluster of weapons behind, decorated to the front and sides with oak, laurel, and
560:
The foundation stone of the memorial was laid on 25 May 1921, and the memorial was unveiled on 19 October 1921, before it was fully completed. A crowd of 30,000 people attended the ceremony, which was presided over by
482:
This memorial was erected by the people of
Portsmouth in proud and loving memory of those who in the glorious morning of their days for England's sake lost all but England's praise. May light perpetual shine upon
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1369:
587:
In the 21st century, Portsmouth continues to be dominated by the Royal Navy and the dockyard, although downsized, still plays a vital part in city life. The memorial remains the focal point for the annual
556:
The Second World War memorial, unveiled in 2005 on a site adjacent to the First World War memorial. The wall behind dates from a redevelopment in the 1970s and the names were added in the 21st century.
263:
and its unprecedented casualties, thousands of war memorials were built across
Britain; nearly every town and city erected some sort of memorial. Portsmouth was and remains a port city and home to
371:
Discussions about commemorating
Portsmouth's dead began almost immediately after the end of the war. The mayor, John Timpson, launched an appeal with a letter to the local newspaper, the
300:
Portsmouth was also a significant garrison town, with soldiers stationed there for the defence of the south coast and others en route to other points in the
British Empire. In 1914, the
584:
in 2005. A wall containing 610 names was added in 2012 after a local fundraising campaign. The final names were added in 2013 after
Portsmouth City Council provided a grant of £27,000.
572:. Most were used to improve the services offered by the hospital, but a portion was used to build a memorial gate as an improved entrance from the city centre. The gate was opened by
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1409:
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Guildhall Square was redeveloped in the 1970s and the memorial was adjusted slightly and another wall was created adjacent to the site. The names of casualties from the
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which terminate in stone pedestals. Mounted on these are two sculptures, flanking the entrance to the memorial. The sculpture on the south side is a sailor with a
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in 1916, the largest naval engagement of the conflict. Six
Portsmouth-based ships were sunk at Jutland, with the loss of 4,000 lives, many of them local men.
71:
334:
for gallantry. After the war, he largely established his artistic reputation with his designs for war memorials. His first memorial commission was the
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224:) with a screen wall. Bronze panels fixed to the wall list the names of the city's dead. Archways in the wall lead out of Guildhall Square towards
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The committee put the contract to design the memorial to a competition. Fifty designs were submitted and that of the London architectural firm of
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lead away back into Guildhall Square, terminating in sculptures by Jagger of a life-size soldier and sailor with machine guns. In the centre is a
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330:(1885–1934) was a sculptor who joined the army at the outbreak of the First World War. He was wounded several times and awarded the
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383:(renamed the Guildhall in 1926 when Portsmouth was granted city status), adjacent to an embankment carrying the railway out of
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375:, on 27 December 1918, calling for both donations and suggestions as to the form of a memorial. To mark the signing of the
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in May 1922. It was demolished, along with the hospital itself, and the area redeveloped in the late 20th century.
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and a monument to that conflict were added in the 21st century. The First World War memorial is a grade II*
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126:
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The two gunners, one from the army (left) and one from the navy (right), at the entrance to the memorial
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338:. The expressive figures he sculpted for that memorial were highly praised and were exhibited at the
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services in the city, which are well attended, including by representatives of the armed forces.
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209:(renamed the Guildhall in 1926 when Portsmouth was granted city status) and chose the architects
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1330:"Grave of the 'boy hero' of Battle of Jutland given new protected status to mark centenary"
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One of the relief carvings on the cenotaph, this one depicting a group of marching soldiers
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420:
264:
260:
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surmounted with an urn and decorated on the sides with relief carvings of wartime scenes.
141:
316:, the officers of which included many of the town's dignitaries. With the foundation of
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387:. The site was chosen as a prominent city-centre location, close to the town hall and
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sent to France. Portsmouth additionally maintained a significant part-time volunteer
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the right is a group of marching soldiers. Above the reliefs is a large Greek-style
324:. Local historians estimate that more than one-third of the volunteers were killed.
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1503:
1334:
352:
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1021:
447:; the whole carving is topped with a crown. Extending from the pillars are curved
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In the centre of the screen wall is a metal plaque, which bears the dedication:
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and the call for volunteers, the town and surrounding area raised a further two
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455:, representing the navy, and that on the north side is a soldier operating a
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several high-profile commissions. After Portsmouth, he went on to design the
86:
73:
695:
659:
The Glorious Dead: Figurative Sculpture of British First World War Memorials
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452:
304:
was barracked in Portsmouth and, at the outbreak of war, formed part of the
202:
106:
1387:
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233:
678:
A Century of Remembrance: One Hundred Outstanding British War Memorials
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in August 1914. One of the largest groups of casualties came from the
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221:
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Funds raised by the war memorial committee were also donated to the
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429:
362:
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unveiled the memorial on 19 October 1921, before its completion.
612:, Commonwealth War Graves Commission memorial on Southsea Common
1391:
282:
The first local casualties of the war came from the sinking of
43:
For servicemen from Portsmouth killed in the First World War
740:. Princes Risborough, Buckinghamshire: Shire Publications.
415:. It consists of a semicircular sunken recess, known as an
367:
The wall plaque bearing the main dedication of the memorial
1290:"Portsmouth World War Two fallen memorial to be completed"
355:", a soldier in action, rather than a spiritual figure.
220:
The memorial consists of a semi-circular sunken recess (
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and Walter Gordon was selected by an assessor from the
267:. As such, many of the city's residents served in the
1490:
1425:
1260:"Memorial to Portsmouth World War II dead unveiled"
165:
157:
149:
139:
114:
65:
47:
23:
755:O'Brien, Charles; Bailey, Bruce; Lloyd, David W.;
719:Charles Sargeant Jagger: War & Peace Sculpture
767:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.
351:in London. All feature Jagger's characteristic "
563:Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
480:
213:and Walter Gordon, with sculptural elements by
1403:
8:
1008:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
700:War Memorials: From Antiquity to the Present
864:"City of Portsmouth War Memorial (1104318)"
1410:
1396:
1388:
1362:"The Listing and Grading of War Memorials"
1069:
1067:
1002:Compton, Ann. "Jagger, Charles Sargeant".
988:
986:
984:
982:
661:. Kirstead, Norfolk: Frontier Publishing.
20:
16:Memorial in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England
638:Abousnnouga, Gill; Machin, David (2013).
621:Grade II* listed war memorials in England
385:Portsmouth & Southsea railway station
1554:Grade II* listed monuments and memorials
888:
886:
616:Grade II* listed buildings in Portsmouth
1584:Sculptures of men in the United Kingdom
1549:Grade II* listed buildings in Hampshire
1005:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
909:
907:
854:
852:
850:
826:
595:The memorial was designated a grade II
511:, as well as Victoria Park, which is a
1569:Stone sculptures in the United Kingdom
1544:Buildings and structures in Portsmouth
848:
846:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
1579:Sculptures by Charles Sargeant Jagger
1372:from the original on 28 December 2020
805:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Amberley.
462:The centrepiece of the memorial is a
400:Royal Institute of British Architects
271:or embarked on ships to fight in the
197:in Guildhall Square in the centre of
164:
156:
148:
138:
7:
1559:Monuments and memorials in Hampshire
1342:from the original on 7 November 2020
1240:from the original on 22 October 2021
1204:"Showcase result: Portsmouth (WWII)"
1184:from the original on 2 November 2020
1085:from the original on 20 October 2020
1075:"Battle of Jutland Memorials Listed"
967:Abousnnouga & Machin, pp. 92–93.
680:. Barnsley: Pen and Sword Military.
1445:Hoylake and West Kirby War Memorial
1214:from the original on 20 August 2021
336:Hoylake and West Kirby War Memorial
1439:Great Western Railway War Memorial
1300:from the original on 11 April 2021
869:National Heritage List for England
471:and the structure culminates in a
345:Great Western Railway War Memorial
14:
312:unit—the Portsmouth Troop of the
289:by a German mine within hours of
1574:World War I memorials in England
1451:Anglo-Belgian Memorial, Brussels
531:
522:
34:
1469:Cambrai Memorial to the Missing
1270:from the original on 6 May 2021
803:Portsmouth & Gosport at War
721:. London: Imperial War Museum.
642:. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
187:City of Portsmouth War Memorial
153:City of Portsmouth War Memorial
113:
24:City of Portsmouth War Memorial
425:THEIR NAME LIVETH FOR EVERMORE
1:
1564:Outdoor sculptures in England
1328:Meikle, James (26 May 2016).
640:The Language of War Monuments
507:buildings, and the statue of
228:and the railway station, and
191:Guildhall Square War Memorial
123:, Walter Gordon (architects);
1022:UK public library membership
373:Hampshire Telegraph and Post
291:Britain's entry into the war
277:Anglo-German naval arms race
217:, from an open competition.
786:. Barnsley: Pen and Sword.
784:Portsmouth in the Great War
411:The memorial is built from
306:British Expeditionary Force
1600:
717:Compton, Ann, ed. (1985).
347:and the highly celebrated
189:, also referred to as the
1148:Archer, pp. 242, 296–297.
1034:Compton (ed.), pp. 19–21.
610:Portsmouth Naval Memorial
570:Royal Portsmouth Hospital
459:, representing the army.
179:
175:
135:
42:
33:
28:
1457:Royal Artillery Memorial
1368:. July 2015. p. 2.
1236:. War Memorials Online.
765:The Buildings of England
738:War Memorials in Britain
574:Princess Helena Victoria
513:registered historic park
505:University of Portsmouth
349:Royal Artillery Memorial
259:In the aftermath of the
195:First World War memorial
1433:Portsmouth War Memorial
1419:Charles Sargeant Jagger
1121:O'Brien et al., p. 479.
676:Boorman, Derek (2005).
438:The wall terminates in
328:Charles Sargeant Jagger
215:Charles Sargeant Jagger
127:Charles Sargeant Jagger
53:; 102 years ago
1173:War Memorials Register
1014:10.1093/ref:odnb/34146
702:. London: Leo Cooper.
657:Archer, Geoff (2009).
557:
485:
435:
368:
87:50.798111°N 1.092528°W
1481:Shrine of Remembrance
958:Compton (ed.), p. 26.
801:Sadden, John (2012).
782:Quail, Sarah (2014).
555:
433:
366:
1463:Port Tewfik Memorial
1178:Imperial War Museums
1168:"City of Portsmouth"
377:Treaty of Versailles
302:9th Infantry Brigade
92:50.798111; -1.092528
51:19 October 1921
1296:. 1 November 2013.
1266:. 5 November 2012.
1208:War Memorials Trust
1043:Quail, pp. 177–180.
736:Corke, Jim (2005).
457:Vickers machine gun
83: /
1139:Borg, pp. 113–114.
1130:Archer, pp. 49–50.
931:Sadden, pp. 63–65.
590:Remembrance Sunday
582:Princess Alexandra
558:
436:
369:
314:Hampshire Yeomanry
265:a major naval base
166:Reference no.
101:Guildhall Square,
1524:
1523:
1020:(Subscription or
976:Corke, pp. 43–44.
940:Quail, pp. 28–29.
913:Quail, pp. 15–19.
812:978-1-84868-148-4
793:978-1-78346-276-6
774:978-0-300-22503-7
757:Pevsner, Nikolaus
747:978-0-7478-0626-4
728:978-0-901627-31-5
709:978-0-85052-363-8
687:978-1-84415-316-9
668:978-1-872914-38-1
649:978-1-62356-333-2
475:sarcophagus urn.
310:Territorial Force
295:Battle of Jutland
183:
182:
161:25 September 1972
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1366:Historic England
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1234:"Portsmouth WW2"
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318:Kitchener's Army
245:Second World War
115:Designed by
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1498:Édouard Lantéri
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1081:. 26 May 2016.
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1061:Archer, p. 242.
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992:Boorman, p. 38.
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949:Sadden, p. 183.
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421:Royal Air Force
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322:pals battalions
261:First World War
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142:Listed Building
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1112:Archer, p. 47.
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892:Sadden, p. 43.
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413:Portland stone
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332:Military Cross
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29:United Kingdom
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1557:
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1516:New Sculpture
1514:
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1505:
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1475:Jaipur Column
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1324:
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1318:Quail, p. 12.
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1199:
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1118:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1103:Corke, p. 53.
1100:
1097:
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1076:
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1064:
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1049:
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964:
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928:
925:
922:Quail, p. 33.
919:
916:
910:
908:
904:
901:Quail, p. 35.
898:
895:
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865:
861:
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841:
839:
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664:
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636:
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631:
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619:
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600:of listings.
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389:Victoria Park
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359:Commissioning
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340:Royal Academy
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238:Prince Arthur
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226:Victoria Park
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150:Official name
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68:
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50:
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37:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1526:
1510:David Jagger
1504:Edith Jagger
1432:
1374:. Retrieved
1356:
1344:. Retrieved
1335:The Guardian
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1323:
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1302:. Retrieved
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1272:. Retrieved
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1186:. Retrieved
1171:
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1087:. Retrieved
1057:
1052:Borg, p. 76.
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396:James Gibson
393:
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273:British Army
258:
242:
219:
211:James Gibson
190:
186:
184:
121:James Gibson
78:01°05′33.1″W
75:50°47′53.2″N
18:
1304:26 November
1274:26 November
1244:26 November
1218:26 November
449:balustrades
230:balustrades
144:– Grade II*
90: /
1533:Categories
1426:Sculptures
1376:28 October
1346:31 October
1188:28 October
1089:31 October
1024:required.)
875:27 October
696:Borg, Alan
627:References
440:rusticated
269:Royal Navy
255:Background
199:Portsmouth
158:Designated
129:(sculptor)
103:Portsmouth
58:1921-10-19
1512:(brother)
821:Citations
496:Alan Borg
488:REMEMBER'
473:gadrooned
453:Lewis gun
381:Town Hall
284:HMS
207:Town Hall
203:Hampshire
109:, England
107:Hampshire
1506:(sister)
1500:(master)
1370:Archived
1340:Archived
1298:Archived
1294:BBC News
1268:Archived
1264:BBC News
1238:Archived
1212:Archived
1182:Archived
1083:Archived
759:(2018).
698:(1991).
604:See also
464:cenotaph
445:Acanthus
234:cenotaph
66:Location
48:Unveiled
1491:Related
548:History
490:
469:cornice
286:Amphion
193:, is a
170:1104318
56: (
1483:(1934)
1477:(1930)
1471:(1930)
1465:(1926)
1459:(1925)
1453:(1923)
1447:(1922)
1441:(1922)
1435:(1921)
1018:
809:
790:
771:
744:
725:
706:
684:
665:
646:
417:exedra
407:Design
222:exedra
483:them.
353:Tommy
1378:2020
1348:2020
1306:2020
1276:2020
1246:2020
1220:2020
1190:2020
1091:2020
877:2020
807:ISBN
788:ISBN
769:ISBN
742:ISBN
723:ISBN
704:ISBN
682:ISBN
663:ISBN
644:ISBN
185:The
1010:doi
492:".
427:".
1535::
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1170:.
1077:.
1066:^
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906:^
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829:^
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391:.
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201:,
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1016:.
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671:.
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60:)
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