222:
426:
a family of single-chip microprocessors based on the POWER architecture. Soon after, Apple, being one of
Motorola's largest customers of desktop-class microprocessors, asked Motorola to join the discussions due to their long relationship, Motorola having had more extensive experience with manufacturing high-volume microprocessors than IBM, and to form a second source for the microprocessors. This three-way collaboration between Apple, IBM, and Motorola became known as the
1500:. Profitability concerns and rumors of performance issues in the switching between the x86 and native PowerPC instruction sets resulted in the project being canceled in 1995 after only a limited number of chips were produced for in-house testing. Aside the rumors, the switching process took only 5 cycles, or the amount of time needed for the processor to empty its instruction pipeline. Microsoft also aided the processor's demise by refusing to support the PowerPC mode.
524:
its first developers' release in
December 1995 due to the simultaneous buggy launch of the PowerPC 620. The PowerPC versions of Solaris and Windows were discontinued after only a brief period on the market. Only on the Macintosh, due to Apple's persistence, did the PowerPC gain traction. To Apple, the performance of the PowerPC was a bright spot in the face of increased competition from Windows 95 and Windows NT-based PCs.
573:
1348:
40:
1372:
1308:
motherboard perform an unconditional 64-bit byte swap on all data entering or leaving the processor. Endianness thus becomes a property of the motherboard. An OS that operates in little-endian mode on a big-endian motherboard must both swap bytes and undo the exclusive-OR when accessing little-endian chips.
1550:
family such as the MPC555, built on a variation of the 601 core called the 8xx and designed in Israel by MSIL (Motorola
Silicon Israel Limited). The 601 core is single issue, meaning it can only issue one instruction in a clock cycle. To this they add various bits of custom hardware, to allow for I/O
1473:. The 603 is notable due to its very low cost and power consumption. This was a deliberate design goal on Motorola's part, who used the 603 project to build the basic core for all future generations of PPC chips. Apple tried to use the 603 in a new laptop design but was unable due to the small 8
635:-produced processors instead, citing the performance limitations of the chip for future personal computer hardware specifically related to heat generation and energy usage, as well as the inability of IBM to move the 970 processor to the 3 GHz range. The IBM-Freescale alliance was replaced by an
523:
Ultimately, demand for the new architecture on the desktop never truly materialized. Windows, OS/2, and Sun customers, faced with the lack of application software for the PowerPC, almost universally ignored the chip. IBM's
Workplace OS platform (and thus, OS/2 for PowerPC) was summarily canceled upon
425:
CPU. Furthermore, Apple had conducted its own research and made an experimental quad-core CPU design called
Aquarius, which convinced the company's technology leadership that the future of computing was in the RISC methodology. IBM approached Apple with the goal of collaborating on the development of
1391:
and PowerPC instructions. This allowed the chip to be used by IBM in their existing POWER1-based platforms, although it also meant some slight pain when switching to the 2nd generation "pure" PowerPC designs. Apple continued work on a new line of
Macintosh computers based on the chip, and eventually
465:
was shipping 88000 machines and Apple already had 88000 prototype machines running. The 88000 had also achieved a number of embedded design wins in telecom applications. If the new POWER one-chip version could be made bus-compatible at a hardware level with the 88000, that would allow both Apple and
446:
For
Motorola, POWER looked like an unbelievable deal. It allowed the company to sell a widely tested and powerful RISC CPU for little design cash on its own part. It also maintained ties with an important customer, Apple, and seemed to offer the possibility of adding IBM too, which might buy smaller
1542:
IBM developed a separate product line called the "4xx" line focused on the embedded market. These designs included the 401, 403, 405, 440, and 460. In 2004, IBM sold their 4xx product line to
Applied Micro Circuits Corporation (AMCC). AMCC continues to develop new high performance products, partly
1433:
to the PowerPC in the form of
Workplace OS. This new software platform spent three years (1992 to 1995) in development and was canceled with the December 1995 developer release, because of the disappointing launch of the PowerPC 620. For this reason, the IBM PowerPC desktops did not ship, although
590:
Toward the close of the decade, manufacturing issues began plaguing the AIM alliance in much the same way they did
Motorola, which consistently pushed back deployments of new processors for Apple and other vendors: first from Motorola in the 1990s with the PowerPC 7xx and 74xx processors, and IBM
543:
The development of the PowerPC is centered at an Austin, Texas, facility called the Somerset Design Center. The building is named after the site in Arthurian legend where warring forces put aside their swords, and members of the three teams that staff the building say the spirit that inspired the
1317:
An interesting side effect of this implementation is that a program can store a 64-bit value (the longest operand format) to memory while in one endian mode, switch modes, and read back the same 64-bit value without seeing a change of byte order. This will not be the case if the motherboard is
1307:
with a three bit value selected by the length of the operand. This is enough to appear fully little-endian to normal software. An operating system will see a warped view of the world when it accesses external chips such as video and network hardware. Fixing this warped view requires that the
1258:
Addition of a new memory management architecture called Book-E, replacing the conventional paged memory management architecture for embedded applications. Book-E is application software compatible with existing PowerPC implementations but needs minor changes to the operating
408:
RISC implementations, is a high performance, multi-chip design. IBM soon realized that a single-chip microprocessor was needed in order to scale its RS/6000 line from lower-end to high-end machines. Work began on a one-chip POWER microprocessor, designated the RSC
481:
Since 1991, IBM had a long-standing desire for a unifying operating system that would simultaneously host all existing operating systems as personalities upon one microkernel. From 1991 to 1995, the company designed and aggressively evangelized what would become
2802:
The 603's tiny 8K caches were notoriously poor for Mac OS software, particularly for 68K emulation; even the 603e's caches cause a significant performance hit at higher clock speeds. Given Arthur's design target of 250 MHz and up, doubling the caches again made
3208:
1418:
would be released, which would put the platform permanently on the architecture. OS4 is compatible with those first-generation accelerators, as well as several custom motherboards created for a new incarnation of the Amiga platform.
1413:
CPU in order to maintain backwards compatibility, as very few apps at the time could run natively on the PPC chips. However, the new machines never materialized, and Commodore subsequently declared bankruptcy. Over a decade later,
538:
line was the result of this work inside Motorola. The 4xx series of embedded processors was underway inside IBM. The IBM embedded processor business grew to nearly US$ 100 million in revenue and attracted hundreds of customers.
1538:
computer families; the Amazon architecture includes proprietary extensions used by AS/400. The POWER4 and later POWER processors implement the Amazon architecture and replaced the RS64 chips in the RS/6000 and AS/400 families.
1507:, but it appears to have seen little use because Apple didn't want to buy it and because, with its large die area, it was too costly for the embedded market. It was later and slower than promised, and IBM used their own
433:
In 1991, the PowerPC was just one facet of a larger alliance among these three companies. At the time, most of the personal computer industry was shipping systems based on the Intel 80386 and 80486 chips, which have a
639:
body called Power.org. Power.org operates under the governance of the IEEE with IBM continuing to use and evolve the PowerPC processor on game consoles and Freescale Semiconductor focusing solely on embedded devices.
1543:
based on IBM's technology, along with technology that was developed within AMCC. These products focus on a variety of applications including networking, wireless, storage, printing/imaging and industrial automation.
3707:
685:
At the time the G4 was launched, Motorola categorized all their PowerPC models (former, current and future) according to what generation they adhered to, even renaming the older 603e core "G2". Motorola had a
654:. Power.org released a unified ISA, combining POWER and PowerPC ISAs into the new Power ISA v.2.03 specification and a new reference platform for servers called PAPR (Power Architecture Platform Reference).
442:
processor was well underway. The PowerPC chip was one of several joint ventures involving the three alliance members, in their efforts to counter the growing Microsoft-Intel dominance of personal computing.
2930:
1496:
instruction set directly on the CPU. While this was just one of several concurrent power architecture projects that IBM was working on, this chip began to be known inside IBM and by the media as the
3200:
489:
When the first PowerPC products reached the market, they were met with enthusiasm. In addition to Apple, both IBM and the Motorola Computer Group offered systems built around the processors.
2952:
381:. The RT PC was a rapid design implementing the RISC architecture. Between the years of 1982 and 1984, IBM started a project to build the fastest microprocessor on the market; this new
1192:
6366:
3700:
1622:
Operating systems that work on the PowerPC architecture are generally divided into those that are oriented toward the general-purpose PowerPC systems, and those oriented toward the
591:
with the 64-bit PowerPC 970 processor in 2003. In 2004, Motorola exited the chip manufacturing business by spinning off its semiconductor business as an independent company called
1429:—was not complete by early 1993, when the machines were ready for marketing. Accordingly, and further because IBM had developed animosity toward Microsoft, IBM decided to port
1263:
Some instructions present in the POWER instruction set were deemed too complex and were removed in the PowerPC architecture. Some removed instructions could be emulated by the
1328:
ran the PowerPC in little-endian mode. This was done so that PowerPC devices serving as co-processors on PCI boards could share data structures with host computers based on
1314:
operations, despite being 128-bit, are treated as if they were 64-bit. This allows for compatibility with little-endian motherboards that were designed prior to AltiVec.
3693:
631:, of which the latter two both use 64-bit processors. In 2005, Apple announced they would no longer use PowerPC processors in their Apple Macintosh computers, favoring
5338:
650:
The PowerPC specification is now handled by Power.org where IBM, Freescale, and AMCC are members. PowerPC, Cell and POWER processors are now jointly marketed as the
7274:
1578:
edge routers in the late 1990s. Variants of the PowerQUICC include the MPC850, and the MPC823/MPC823e. All variants include a separate RISC microengine called the
6477:
5660:
2922:
1546:
Numerically, the PowerPC is mostly found in controllers in cars. For the automotive market, Freescale Semiconductor initially offered many variations called the
6179:
3445:
1422:
IBM also had a full line of PowerPC based desktops built and ready to ship; unfortunately, the operating system that IBM had intended to run on these desktops—
473:) specification. The differences between the earlier POWER instruction set and that of PowerPC is outlined in Appendix E of the manual for PowerPC ISA v.2.02.
3234:
1332:. Both PCI and x86 are little-endian. OS/2 and Windows NT for PowerPC ran the processor in little-endian mode while Solaris, AIX and Linux ran in big endian.
4265:
421:
Apple had already realized the limitations and risks of its dependency upon a single CPU vendor at a time when Motorola was falling behind on delivering the
2769:
516:(with Intel emulation for application compatibility), pending a successful launch of the PowerPC 620. Throughout the mid-1990s, PowerPC processors achieved
6336:
5902:
5719:
1185:
3553:
2667:
4543:
1519:
server processor. To create it, the POWER4 core was modified to be backward-compatible with 32-bit PowerPC processors, and a vector unit (similar to the
1213:
implementation. Versions of the design exist in both 32-bit and 64-bit implementations. Starting with the basic POWER specification, the PowerPC added:
662:
Many PowerPC designs are named and labeled by their apparent technology generation. That began with the "G3", which was an internal project name inside
5682:
3611:
531:) was instead seen as a hardware-only compromise to run many operating systems one at a time upon a single unifying vendor-neutral hardware platform.
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2604:
A. R. Kennedy; M. Alexander; E. Fiene; J. Lyon; B. Kuttanna; R. Patel; M. Pham; M. Putrino; C. Croxton; S. Litch; B. Burgess (February 23, 1997).
644:
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1607:
1178:
577:
390:
3282:
3601:
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2437:
1140:
678:
at an event at 10 November 1997. Motorola and Apple liked the moniker and used the term "G4" for the 7400 family introduced in 1998 and the
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in anticipation for a move to a possible new Amiga platform designed around the PowerPC. The accelerator cards also included either a
1150:
596:
528:
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1601:
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Talos II and Blackbird mainboards/workstations, based around the IBM Power9 Sforza architecture, built by Raptor Computing Systems
7233:
6796:
5689:
5655:
5650:
5534:
4274:
4258:
1530:
processors are a family of chips implementing the "Amazon" variant of the PowerPC architecture. These processors are used in the
435:
244:
599:(AMCC) and focusing on 64-bit chip designs, while maintaining its commitment of PowerPC CPUs toward game console makers such as
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rovers on Mars and a variety of satellites. It has since become a niche architecture for personal computers, particularly with
1446:
Apple, which also lacked a PowerPC based OS, took a different route. Utilizing the portability platform yielded by the secret
5953:
5388:
5279:
4536:
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616:
341:, and retains a high level of compatibility with it; the architectures have remained close enough that the same programs and
2698:
7269:
6408:
6256:
6090:
5704:
5665:
5522:
5300:
2097:
1916:
413:). In early 1991, IBM realized its design could potentially become a high-volume microprocessor used across the industry.
373:
in 1975–78. 801-based microprocessors were used in a number of IBM embedded products, eventually becoming the 16-register
2631:
1477:
level 1 cache. The 68000 emulator in the Mac OS could not fit in 8 KB and thus slowed the computer drastically. The
286:, the architecture is well known for being used by Apple's desktop and laptop lines from 1994 until 2006, and in several
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In parallel with the alliance between IBM and Motorola, both companies had development efforts underway internally. The
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tested a high-performance digital flight control computer, powered by a quadraplex PowerPC-based processor setup on a
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595:. Around the same time, IBM exited the 32-bit embedded processor market by selling its line of PowerPC products to
502:
3096:
2363:
Tabor motherboard based around Freescale QorIQ P1022 found in the forthcoming AmigaOne A1222 from A-EON Technology
7213:
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4529:
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family and the majority of the funding was focused on this. The 88000 effort was somewhat starved for resources.
346:
130:
3045:
466:
Motorola to bring machines to market far faster since they would not have to redesign their board architecture.
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6571:
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5512:
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1911:
1835:
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671:
186:
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6858:
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6739:
6723:
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6354:
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6301:
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2174:
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592:
3615:
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6559:
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6191:
6095:
5986:
5925:
5787:
5430:
4502:
3978:
3122:
2497:
2150:
1434:
the reference design (codenamed Sandalbow) based on the PowerPC 601 CPU was released as an RS/6000 model (
1289:
793:
439:
338:
3685:
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7161:
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6816:
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6105:
6073:
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1459:
517:
98:
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1562:
Networking is another area where embedded PowerPC processors are found in large numbers. MSIL took the
2360:
Cyrus motherboard based around Freescale Qoriq P5020 found in the AmigaOne X5000 from A-EON Technology
221:
7191:
7127:
6713:
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2655:"G4 Is First PowerPC with AltiVec - Due Mid-1999, Motorola's Next Chip Aims at Macintosh, Networking"
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2399:
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fighter jet. This platform consists of dual PowerPCs made by Freescale in a triple redundant setup.
1300:
with off-chip storage) are always done in big-endian mode. The processor starts in big-endian mode.
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7043:
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2318:
1968:
1901:
1293:
1292:), with a second bit provided to allow the OS to run with a different endianness. Accesses to the "
762:
687:
7095:
7087:
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6914:
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651:
557:
Part of the culture here is not to have an IBM or Motorola or Apple culture, but to have our own.
276:
179:
3582:
3479:
1586:. The follow-on chip from this family, the MPC8260, has a 603e-based core and a different CPM.
1582:
that offloads communications processing tasks from the central processor and has functions for
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throughout its development cycle, which lasted for approximately 5–6 years. The result is the
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3891:
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2615:
2051:
1973:
1850:
1705:
1455:
1443:
s April 1994 issue included an extensive article about the Apple and IBM PowerPC desktops).
1264:
1221:
and little-endian modes; the PowerPC can switch from one mode to the other at run-time (see
1087:
498:
410:
342:
3570:
2715:
1511:
design instead, offering no 64-bit "small" version until the late-2002 introduction of the
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7117:
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1623:
1567:
1436:
1394:
1321:
1206:
494:
323:
135:
120:
3378:
2555:
1821:, support for Old World and New World 32/64-bit Macs based on Linux Mint LXDE and Debian
7243:
7077:
7060:
7053:
6949:
6806:
6543:
6457:
6388:
5971:
5933:
5882:
5877:
5872:
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5410:
5022:
4759:
4737:
4674:
4488:
4459:
4315:
4187:
4138:
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3916:
3911:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3626:
2923:"First Lockheed Martin F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Vehicle-Management Computer Delivered"
2816:
2754:
2520:
2354:
2273:
1640:
1451:
1410:
1406:
1233:
636:
455:
451:
422:
196:
3563:
Programming Environments Manual for 32-bit Implementations of the PowerPC Architecture
527:
With the cancellation of Workplace OS, the general PowerPC platform (especially AIM's
7263:
7038:
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5994:
5976:
5769:
5462:
4732:
4712:
4347:
4299:
4294:
4115:
4059:
4044:
3768:
3763:
2953:"Tejas combat jet flies successfully with home grown digital flight control computer"
2322:
2269:
2137:
1920:
1575:
1130:
844:
839:
620:
295:
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2790:
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4771:
4684:
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4343:
4223:
4133:
4039:
4030:
4020:
4011:
3774:
3659:
Evolution of PowerPC Architecture, lecture by Michael W. Blasgen and Richard Oehler
2685:
2110:
1950:
1802:
1716:
1556:
1552:
1401:
Accelerator cards based on the first-generation PowerPC chips were created for the
1371:
1304:
1120:
834:
829:
824:
819:
773:
737:
679:
675:
663:
483:
462:
427:
264:
50:
2084:
Companies that have licensed the 64-bit POWER or 32-bit PowerPC from IBM include:
1859:, support in third-party fork for 32-bit and 64-bit (big-endian and little-endian)
1492:
facility started to work on a version of the PowerPC that would support the Intel
572:
2375:
The Power architecture is currently used in the following embedded applications:
2205:, FPGA maker, embedded PowerPC in the Virtex-II Pro, Virtex-4, and Virtex-5 FPGAs
7033:
6997:
6708:
6680:
6538:
6393:
4990:
4935:
4917:
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2127:
1870:
1597:
1512:
1504:
1497:
1478:
1470:
1466:
1384:
1352:
1303:
In little-endian mode, the three lowest-order bits of the effective address are
1242:
A complete 64-bit specification that is backward compatible with the 32-bit mode
1226:
1210:
1001:
977:
964:
959:
953:
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729:
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721:
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405:
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6904:
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4858:
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4049:
4035:
2606:
2106:
2032:
1885:
1856:
1746:
1571:
1535:
1426:
1347:
1336:
1218:
1082:
970:
766:
755:
748:
733:
710:
535:
252:
161:
142:
3518:
The PowerPC Architecture: A Specification for A New Family of RISC Processors
2964:
2541:
2334:
The Power architecture is currently used in the following desktop computers:
1827:, Mach-kernel based distribution for older Macs, officially launched by Apple
7010:
7007:
6749:
5819:
5797:
5208:
5081:
5007:
4892:
4887:
4823:
4798:
4619:
4464:
4426:
4410:
4362:
3681:
A quite an extensive list of operating systems supporting PowerPC processors
3658:
3015:
2427:
2279:
2220:
2215:
2165:
1983:
1696:
1635:
1611:
1482:
1423:
1415:
1135:
801:
624:
581:
490:
378:
350:
319:
272:
268:
233:
172:
147:
17:
4694:
4492:
4208:
1276:
Load and store instructions for the quad-precision floating-point data type
769:
families (Motorola abandoned the G5 name after Apple applied it to the 970)
3144:
450:
At this point Motorola already had its own RISC design in the form of the
345:
will run on both if some care is taken in preparation; newer chips in the
39:
7025:
5897:
5844:
5316:
4818:
4510:
4357:
4338:
4318:
3663:
2347:
2338:
2296:
2292:
2283:
2185:
2170:
2155:
2069:
2060:
2016:
1963:
1897:
1830:
1644:
1527:
1474:
1376:
1024:
628:
604:
600:
454:, which was doing poorly in the market. Motorola was doing well with its
374:
299:
291:
260:
3348:
3068:"ArchPOWER - an unofficial port of Archlinux to powerpc64le and riscv64"
1462:
based applications and the parts of the OS that had not been rewritten.
1359:
497:
for the architecture, which was used in Motorola's PowerPC servers, and
5834:
4958:
4497:
4398:
4289:
3939:
3934:
3334:
3092:
2581:
2314:
2240:
2191:
2159:
2041:
1942:
1925:
1891:
1824:
1818:
1735:
1725:
1711:
1673:
1531:
1520:
1311:
1155:
1012:
940:
861:
643:
IBM continues to develop PowerPC microprocessor cores for use in their
506:
394:
362:
212:
157:
3680:
3408:
7137:
5849:
5814:
5779:
5056:
5044:
4666:
4629:
4483:
4403:
4383:
4374:
4213:
3379:"DO-178C Certifiable Avionics RTOS with ARINC 653 & FACE Support"
3041:
2404:
2392:
2265:
2202:
2131:
2093:
2005:
1996:
1991:
1880:
1758:
1730:
1555:
devices were launched for the automotive market. These use the newer
1547:
1516:
1508:
1388:
1325:
1007:
983:
935:
930:
925:
920:
914:
907:
900:
893:
886:
706:
647:(ASIC) offerings. Many high volume applications embed PowerPC cores.
401:
382:
64:
60:
690:
that never came to fruition, and Apple later used the name when the
520:
test scores that matched or exceeded those of the fastest x86 CPUs.
337:(CHRP) initiatives in the 1990s. It is largely based on the earlier
4521:
3653:
2522:
Apple: The Inside Story of Intrigue, Egomania and Business Blunders
1387:, released in 1992, based on the RSC, implementing a hybrid of the
237:
Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC – Performance Computing
6307:
5839:
5809:
5017:
4985:
4968:
4953:
4679:
4444:
4441:
4388:
4054:
3926:
2454:
2304:
2101:
2054:
2028:
2022:
2000:
1811:
1785:
1776:
1741:
1688:
1667:
1590:
1563:
1454:
operating system to the PowerPC architecture, and further wrote a
1402:
1370:
1358:
1346:
856:
632:
612:
571:
307:
220:
7171:
6319:
6239:
5829:
5202:
5071:
5012:
4907:
4813:
4793:
4378:
4370:
4228:
4077:
2310:
2230:
2011:
1958:
1752:
1720:
1692:
1653:
1430:
1098:
513:
509:
330:
206:
103:
5320:
4525:
4247:
3689:
3118:
1255:
architecture that is used extensively in server and PC systems.
5759:
5749:
4902:
4766:
4634:
3877:
3067:
2492:
2300:
2178:
1978:
1493:
1364:
1329:
608:
303:
256:
3256:
2257:
PowerPC processors were used in a number of now-discontinued
1239:
Additional floating-point instructions at the behest of Apple
544:
name has been a key factor in the project's success thus far.
1937:
1465:
The second generation was "pure" and includes the "low end"
1288:
Most PowerPC chips switch endianness via a bit in the MSR (
694:
launched in 2003, though it was designed and built by IBM.
369:
was the lead developer, where he developed the concepts of
267:. PowerPC, as an evolving instruction set, has been named
3174:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2507:
1551:
on the one chip. In 2004, the next-generation four-digit
469:
The result of these various requirements is the PowerPC (
670:. Apple popularized the term "G3" when they introduced
3717:
Motorola-Freescale-NXP processors and microcontrollers
3470:
3468:
3466:
3439:"PowerPC 750FX Evaluation Kit Quick Setup for Windows"
2585:. Vol. 7, no. 12. March 22, 1993. p. 38
2353:
Nemo motherboard based around PA6T-1682M found in the
1574:
MPC860. This was a very famous processor used in many
2341:, Sam440epFlex, based on an AMCC 440ep SoC, built by
1383:
The first implementation of the architecture was the
2571:
2569:
2350:, based on an AMCC 460ex SoC, built by ACube Systems
1335:
Some of IBM's embedded PowerPC chips use a per-page
562:
Motorola's Russell Stanphill, codirector of Somerset
7201:
7150:
7086:
7024:
6978:
6930:
6885:
6805:
6732:
6701:
6606:
6527:
6491:
6445:
6345:
6271:
6205:
6155:
6066:
6057:
6030:
5985:
5952:
5924:
5915:
5735:
5638:
5627:
5498:
5354:
5288:
5242:
5190:
5134:
5127:
5095:
4926:
4849:
4703:
4652:
4643:
4580:
4559:
4419:
4308:
4282:
4201:
4180:
4164:
4105:
4068:
4001:
3977:
3950:
3925:
3873:
3810:
3754:
3738:
2607:"A G3 PowerPC superscalar low-power microprocessor"
2482:
2480:
2134:
processor, used in spacecraft and planetary landers
1450:, the company ported the essential pieces of their
1236:
instructions, in addition to double-precision forms
698:
PowerPC generations according to Motorola, c. 2000.
576:A schematic showing the evolution of the different
205:
195:
185:
178:
168:
153:
141:
129:
119:
109:
97:
89:
71:
56:
46:
3625:
3311:. Opensolaris.org. October 2, 2006. Archived from
2872:Adam T. Stallman; Frank G. Soltis (July 1, 1995).
2605:
2519:
1600:delivered the Vehicle-Management Computer for the
447:versions from Motorola instead of making its own.
3285:. Research.sun.com. June 14, 2006. Archived from
1894:, PowerPC port no longer under active development
1523:extensions in Motorola's 74xx series) was added.
1515:. The 970 is a 64-bit processor derived from the
1485:, which allowed the emulator to run efficiently.
27:RISC instruction set architecture by AIM alliance
3620:An IBM article giving POWER and PowerPC history.
3257:"Void Linux for PowerPC/Power ISA (unofficial)"
555:
541:
2897:"Latest robots fill helper, entertainer roles"
780:(*) These designs didn't become real products.
461:The 88000 was already in production, however;
5332:
4537:
4259:
3701:
2612:Proceedings IEEE COMPCON 97. Digest of Papers
1375:The Freescale XPC855T Service Processor of a
1186:
666:for the development of what would become the
271:since 2006, while the old name lives on as a
8:
3521:(2nd ed.). Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.
1267:if necessary. The removed instructions are:
438:(CISC) architecture, and development of the
32:
6337:Computer performance by orders of magnitude
3628:PowerPC: Concepts, Architecture, and Design
3496:Weiss, Shlomo; Smith, James Edward (1994).
1867:2.5.1 PowerPC edition on the PReP platform
1589:Honda also uses PowerPC processors for its
1481:solved this problem by having a 16 KB
1339:bit. None of the previous applies to them.
6802:
6442:
6063:
5921:
5635:
5339:
5325:
5317:
5131:
4649:
4544:
4530:
4522:
4266:
4252:
4244:
4091:
3724:
3708:
3694:
3686:
3624:Chakravarty, Dipto; Cannon, Casey (1994).
1193:
1179:
789:
38:
3309:"Solaris PowerPC Port at OpenSolaris.org"
2716:"Fact Sheet - Motorola PowerPC Processor"
2488:"PowerPC Architecture Book, Version 2.02"
1670:; formerly named i5/OS, originally OS/400
322:implementations, but remains popular for
3536:Hoxey, Steve; et al., eds. (1996).
2075:Embedded PowerPC Operating System by IBM
1225:). This feature is not supported in the
2476:
2181:), as part of the original AIM alliance
1503:The first 64-bit implementation is the
1107:
1067:
1035:
871:
808:
792:
645:application-specific integrated circuit
385:architecture became referred to as the
7275:Computer-related introductions in 1991
3359:from the original on February 27, 2016
3237:from the original on February 25, 2011
2903:from the original on September 1, 2021
2634:from the original on September 1, 2021
2577:"Forces Gather for PowerPC Roundtable"
1999:RTOS and virtualization platform from
1608:Aeronautical Development Establishment
512:. Workplace OS featured a new port of
31:
3584:Book E: Enhanced PowerPC Architecture
3478:. IBM. March 30, 2004. Archived from
3263:from the original on October 30, 2020
3211:from the original on December 8, 2015
3181:from the original on October 13, 2010
3155:from the original on January 15, 2018
2996:from the original on January 14, 2022
2933:from the original on January 15, 2018
2853:from the original on February 7, 2009
2823:from the original on October 30, 2018
2745:Necasek, Michal (November 16, 2012).
2686:"PowerPC G4 Architecture White Paper"
2653:Gwennap, Linley (November 16, 1998).
2438:Power Architecture Platform Reference
809:NXP (formerly Freescale and Motorola)
361:The history of RISC began with IBM's
329:PowerPC was the cornerstone of AIM's
7:
6308:Floating-point operations per second
3676:PowerPC Architecture History Diagram
3592:Duntemann, Jeff; Pronk, Ron (1994).
3419:from the original on January 1, 2018
3099:from the original on August 30, 2009
3022:from the original on August 13, 2009
2768:Linley Gwennap (February 27, 1997).
2734:from the original on April 19, 2016.
2704:from the original on April 18, 2016.
2673:from the original on April 23, 2016.
2162:player CPU (Muzen and Vivaus series)
1296:" (a hash table that functions as a
5114:
3666:- an overview of PowerPC processors
3556:from the original on April 8, 2021.
3539:The PowerPC Compiler Writer's Guide
3389:from the original on August 8, 2018
2895:Hara, Yoshiko (November 28, 2000).
2496:. November 16, 2005. Archived from
2466:List of PowerPC-based game consoles
1490:Essex Junction, Burlington, Vermont
3451:from the original on April 4, 2017
3125:from the original on June 27, 2012
2843:"Microsoft killed the PowerPC 615"
2562:from the original on June 6, 2013.
2417:Common Hardware Reference Platform
2117:Applied Micro Circuits Corporation
2113:), switched to Intel in early 2006
2068:SCIOPTA RTOS, certified according
1217:Support for operation in both big-
597:Applied Micro Circuits Corporation
529:Common Hardware Reference Platform
391:POWER instruction set architecture
335:Common Hardware Reference Platform
25:
5166:High voltage parallel programming
3048:from the original on July 6, 2009
2770:"Arthur Revitalizes PowerPC Line"
1853:, full support for 32/64-bit; PS3
1222:
7234:Semiconductor device fabrication
4275:Reduced instruction set computer
3515:May, Cathy; et al. (1994).
2382:Smart Cameras for machine vision
436:complex instruction set computer
310:. PowerPC was also used for the
245:reduced instruction set computer
7209:History of general-purpose CPUs
5436:Nondeterministic Turing machine
5250:List of common microcontrollers
5160:High-voltage serial programming
2556:"Tech Files Columns, 1987–1990"
1392:released them as the 601-based
1232:Single-precision forms of some
486:, primarily targeting PowerPC.
5389:Deterministic finite automaton
5280:List of Wi-Fi microcontrollers
3349:"ReactOS ports - ReactOS Wiki"
2986:"PowerPC - Unsupported Builds"
1749:, supported in unofficial port
1598:BAE Systems Platform Solutions
1205:The PowerPC is designed along
417:Apple and Motorola involvement
225:IBM PowerPC 601 microprocessor
1:
6180:Simultaneous and heterogenous
5301:Programmable logic controller
5142:In-circuit serial programming
3594:Inside the PowerPC Revolution
3283:"Embedded Solaris on PowerPC"
2098:field-programmable gate array
1780:in mostly stalled development
1488:In 1993, developers at IBM's
402:original POWER microprocessor
6864:Integrated memory controller
6846:Translation lookaside buffer
6045:Memory dependence prediction
5488:Random-access stored program
5441:Probabilistic Turing machine
4567:Single-board microcontroller
3335:"Windows NT 3.5 for PowerPC"
2817:"CPUs: PowerPC 603 and 603e"
1841:SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
1363:Custom PowerPC CPU from the
275:for some implementations of
249:instruction set architecture
6320:Synaptic updates per second
5154:Program and Debug Interface
2253:PowerPC based game consoles
1318:switched at the same time.
365:research project, on which
239:, sometimes abbreviated as
77:; 31 years ago
7291:
6724:Heterogeneous architecture
5646:Orthogonal instruction set
5416:Alternating Turing machine
5404:Quantum cellular automaton
3670:OS/2 Warp, PowerPC Edition
3587:(3rd ed.). IBM. 2000.
3569:. Motorola. Archived from
3231:"PowerPCFAQ - Ubuntu Wiki"
3201:"Chapter 1. Architectures"
2747:"OS/2 for PowerPC Tidbits"
2620:10.1109/CMPCON.1997.584742
2461:List of PowerPC processors
2457:real-time operating system
2449:PowerPC Reference Platform
2250:
251:(ISA) created by the 1991
7214:Microprocessor chronology
7177:Dynamic frequency scaling
6332:Cache performance metrics
4572:Special function register
4094:
4090:
3727:
3723:
2038:Operating System Embedded
1559:series of PowerPC cores.
501:offered a version of its
37:
7229:Hardware security module
6572:Digital signal processor
6549:Graphics processing unit
6361:Graphics processing unit
3672:review by Michal Necasek
3596:. Coriolis Group Books.
2226:Hindustan Computers Ltd.
2100:(FPGA) manufacturer now
1955:LiveDevices RTA-OSEKLive
1912:Xbox 360 system software
1836:Red Hat Enterprise Linux
816:PowerPC e series (2006)
282:Originally intended for
7182:Dynamic voltage scaling
6965:Memory address register
6859:Branch target predictor
6823:Address generation unit
6566:Physics processing unit
6355:Central processing unit
6314:Transactions per second
6302:Instructions per second
6225:Array processing (SIMT)
5369:Stored-program computer
5306:List of microprocessors
5203:Joint Test Action Group
3979:Memory management units
3739:Industrial control unit
3542:. Warthman Associates.
2874:"Inside the PowerPC AS"
2815:Jansen, Daniel (2014).
2236:Freescale Semiconductor
2175:Freescale Semiconductor
1253:paged memory management
593:Freescale Semiconductor
125:Fixed/Variable (Book E)
6988:Hardwired control unit
6870:Memory management unit
6835:Memory management unit
6584:Secure cryptoprocessor
6578:Tensor Processing Unit
6560:Vision processing unit
6294:Cycles per instruction
6288:Instructions per cycle
6235:Associative processing
5926:Instruction pipelining
5348:Processor technologies
3612:"PowerPC Architecture"
3578:A 640-page PDF manual.
2518:Carlton, Jim (1999) .
2321:processor (inside the
2151:Exponential Technology
2072:, EN50128 and ISO26262
1789:a released port since
1768:a released port since
1719:, including a port of
1380:
1368:
1356:
1290:machine state register
949:PowerPC series (1992)
587:
565:
554:
393:, introduced with the
377:processor used in the
339:IBM POWER architecture
290:including Microsoft's
226:
7071:Sum-addressed decoder
6817:Arithmetic logic unit
5944:Classic RISC pipeline
5898:Epiphany architecture
5745:Motorola 68000 series
5148:In-system programming
3618:on February 14, 2008.
3476:"POWER To The People"
3016:"FreeBSD/ppc Project"
2959:. February 21, 2024.
2878:System iNEWS Magazine
2778:Microprocessor Report
2684:Seale, Susan (2001).
2663:Microprocessor Report
2500:on November 29, 2020.
2444:PowerOpen Environment
2371:Embedded applications
2357:from A-EON Technology
2199:for the SPC5xx series
1783:64-bit little-endian
1374:
1362:
1350:
575:
471:performance computing
224:
7270:PowerPC architecture
7192:Performance per watt
6770:replacement policies
6436:Package on a package
6326:Performance per watt
6230:Pipelined processing
6000:Tomasulo's algorithm
5805:Clipper architecture
5661:Application-specific
5374:Finite-state machine
5217:In-circuit debugging
4277:(RISC) architectures
3654:OpenPOWER Foundation
3482:on February 4, 2013.
2757:on January 31, 2016.
2423:OpenPOWER Foundation
2380:National Instruments
2057:router and switch OS
1809:releases and 64-bit
1279:String instructions.
1116:OpenPOWER Foundation
7224:Digital electronics
6877:Instruction decoder
6829:Floating-point unit
6483:Soft microprocessor
6430:System in a package
6005:Reservation station
5535:Transport-triggered
5273:Renesas Electronics
5223:In-circuit emulator
3500:. Morgan Kaufmann.
3337:. November 9, 1994.
3233:. Wiki.ubuntu.com.
3119:"Debian PPC64 Port"
2884:on August 31, 2013.
2849:. October 1, 1998.
2259:video game consoles
1398:on March 14, 1994.
1294:inverted page table
505:OS. IBM ported its
404:, one of the first
279:–based processors.
263:alliance, known as
34:
7096:Integrated circuit
6940:Processor register
6594:Baseband processor
5939:Operand forwarding
5399:Cellular automaton
3413:SCIOPTA Systems AG
3072:archlinuxpower.org
2957:The Times of India
2800:on July 30, 2018.
2724:NXP Semiconductors
2694:NXP Semiconductors
2433:Power Architecture
2325:and other devices)
2197:STMicroelectronics
2123:Avago Technologies
1774:64-bit big-endian
1381:
1369:
1367:video game console
1357:
1247:fused multiply–add
1169:historic in italic
997:RAD series (1997)
853:Qor series (2008)
758:and 8400* families
668:PowerPC 750 family
652:Power Architecture
588:
288:videogame consoles
284:personal computers
277:Power Architecture
227:
7257:
7256:
7146:
7145:
6765:Instruction cache
6755:Scratchpad memory
6602:
6601:
6589:Network processor
6518:Network on a chip
6473:Ultra-low-voltage
6424:Multi-chip module
6267:
6266:
6053:
6052:
6040:Branch prediction
6017:Register renaming
5911:
5910:
5893:VISC architecture
5715:Quantum computing
5710:VISC architecture
5592:Secondary storage
5508:Microarchitecture
5468:Register machines
5314:
5313:
5238:
5237:
5123:
5122:
4804:PIC10/12/16/17/18
4519:
4518:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4086:
4085:
3603:978-1-883577-04-9
3528:978-1-55860-316-5
3498:POWER and PowerPC
3315:on August 7, 2011
3289:on August 7, 2011
3205:access.redhat.com
3145:"Project:PowerPC"
2925:(Press release).
2614:. IEEE: 315–324.
2330:Desktop computers
2109:('A' in original
2027:BlueCat embedded
1964:MikroTik RouterOS
1888:3.5, 3.51 and 4.0
1626:PowerPC systems.
1618:Operating systems
1612:HAL Tejas Mark 1A
1448:Star Trek project
1272:Conditional moves
1209:and allows for a
1203:
1202:
1165:Cancelled in gray
713:family processors
477:Operating systems
343:operating systems
298:, and Nintendo's
219:
218:
75:October 1992
16:(Redirected from
7282:
7219:Processor design
7111:Power management
6993:Instruction unit
6854:Branch predictor
6803:
6501:System on a chip
6443:
6283:Transistor count
6207:Flynn's taxonomy
6064:
5922:
5725:Addressing modes
5636:
5582:Memory hierarchy
5446:Hypercomputation
5364:Abstract machine
5341:
5334:
5327:
5318:
5254:By manufacturer
5198:Nexus (standard)
5132:
4650:
4553:Microcontrollers
4546:
4539:
4532:
4523:
4268:
4261:
4254:
4245:
4098:Microcontrollers
4092:
3725:
3710:
3703:
3696:
3687:
3643:
3631:
3619:
3614:. Archived from
3607:
3588:
3577:
3576:on May 14, 2005.
3575:
3568:
3557:
3532:
3511:
3484:
3483:
3472:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3450:
3443:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3409:"Supported CPUs"
3405:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3345:
3339:
3338:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3305:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3279:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3042:"OpenBSD/macppc"
3038:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3012:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2929:. May 16, 2003.
2919:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2892:
2886:
2885:
2880:. Archived from
2869:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2858:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2799:
2793:. Archived from
2774:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2753:. Archived from
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2720:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2690:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2659:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2609:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2573:
2564:
2563:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2526:. Random House.
2525:
2515:
2502:
2501:
2484:
2052:Juniper Networks
1974:Wind River Linux
1969:MontaVista Linux
1851:Yellow Dog Linux
1706:Mac OS X Leopard
1566:engine from the
1442:
1265:operating system
1195:
1188:
1181:
1166:
1078:
790:
563:
552:
499:Sun Microsystems
411:RISC Single Chip
395:RISC System/6000
324:embedded systems
85:
83:
78:
42:
35:
21:
7290:
7289:
7285:
7284:
7283:
7281:
7280:
7279:
7260:
7259:
7258:
7253:
7239:Tick–tock model
7197:
7153:
7142:
7082:
7066:Address decoder
7020:
6974:
6970:Program counter
6945:Status register
6926:
6881:
6841:Load–store unit
6808:
6801:
6728:
6697:
6598:
6555:Image processor
6530:
6523:
6493:
6487:
6463:Microcontroller
6453:Embedded system
6441:
6341:
6274:
6263:
6201:
6151:
6049:
6026:
6010:Re-order buffer
5981:
5962:Data dependency
5948:
5907:
5737:
5731:
5630:
5629:Instruction set
5623:
5609:Multiprocessing
5577:Cache hierarchy
5570:Register/memory
5494:
5394:Queue automaton
5350:
5345:
5315:
5310:
5296:Embedded system
5284:
5234:
5229:In-target probe
5186:
5119:
5091:
4922:
4845:
4699:
4639:
4576:
4555:
4550:
4520:
4515:
4415:
4304:
4278:
4272:
4242:
4233:
4197:
4176:
4160:
4101:
4082:
4064:
3997:
3973:
3946:
3921:
3875:Embedded system
3869:
3806:
3750:
3734:
3719:
3714:
3650:
3640:
3632:. McGraw Hill.
3623:
3610:
3604:
3591:
3581:
3573:
3566:
3560:
3550:
3535:
3529:
3514:
3508:
3495:
3492:
3490:Further reading
3487:
3474:
3473:
3464:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3441:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3422:
3420:
3407:
3406:
3402:
3392:
3390:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3362:
3360:
3353:www.reactos.org
3347:
3346:
3342:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3318:
3316:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3292:
3290:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3266:
3264:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3240:
3238:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3214:
3212:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3184:
3182:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3158:
3156:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3128:
3126:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3102:
3100:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3074:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3051:
3049:
3044:. Openbsd.org.
3040:
3039:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3018:. Freebsd.org.
3014:
3013:
3009:
2999:
2997:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2969:
2967:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2936:
2934:
2927:Lockheed Martin
2921:
2920:
2916:
2906:
2904:
2899:. EETimes.com.
2894:
2893:
2889:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2856:
2854:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2826:
2824:
2819:. Low End Mac.
2814:
2813:
2809:
2797:
2772:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2731:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2701:
2688:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2670:
2657:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2637:
2635:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2588:
2586:
2575:
2574:
2567:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2534:
2517:
2516:
2505:
2486:
2485:
2478:
2474:
2413:
2373:
2332:
2255:
2249:
2212:
2143:Culturecom for
2090:
2082:
1934:
1908:system software
1755:through 2.0.1.1
1738:, 32-bit macppc
1632:
1620:
1469:and "high end"
1458:that could run
1440:
1395:Power Macintosh
1345:
1343:Implementations
1322:Mercury Systems
1286:
1207:RISC principles
1199:
1164:
1076:
788:
786:Design features
660:
570:
564:
561:
553:
548:
495:Windows NT 3.51
479:
419:
397:in early 1990.
387:America Project
359:
187:General-purpose
81:
79:
76:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7288:
7286:
7278:
7277:
7272:
7262:
7261:
7255:
7254:
7252:
7251:
7246:
7244:Pin grid array
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7205:
7203:
7199:
7198:
7196:
7195:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7158:
7156:
7148:
7147:
7144:
7143:
7141:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7114:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7092:
7090:
7084:
7083:
7081:
7080:
7078:Barrel shifter
7075:
7074:
7073:
7068:
7061:Binary decoder
7058:
7057:
7056:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7030:
7028:
7022:
7021:
7019:
7018:
7013:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6984:
6982:
6976:
6975:
6973:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6950:Stack register
6947:
6942:
6936:
6934:
6928:
6927:
6925:
6924:
6923:
6922:
6917:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6891:
6889:
6883:
6882:
6880:
6879:
6874:
6873:
6872:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6850:
6849:
6843:
6832:
6826:
6820:
6813:
6811:
6800:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6778:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6742:
6736:
6734:
6730:
6729:
6727:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6705:
6703:
6699:
6698:
6696:
6695:
6694:
6693:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6612:
6610:
6604:
6603:
6600:
6599:
6597:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6575:
6569:
6563:
6557:
6552:
6546:
6544:AI accelerator
6541:
6535:
6533:
6525:
6524:
6522:
6521:
6515:
6510:
6507:Multiprocessor
6504:
6497:
6495:
6489:
6488:
6486:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6458:Microprocessor
6455:
6449:
6447:
6446:By application
6440:
6439:
6433:
6427:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6389:Tile processor
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6370:
6369:
6358:
6351:
6349:
6343:
6342:
6340:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6323:
6317:
6311:
6305:
6299:
6298:
6297:
6285:
6279:
6277:
6269:
6268:
6265:
6264:
6262:
6261:
6260:
6259:
6249:
6244:
6243:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6217:
6211:
6209:
6203:
6202:
6200:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6183:
6182:
6177:
6175:Hyperthreading
6167:
6161:
6159:
6157:Multithreading
6153:
6152:
6150:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6138:
6137:
6127:
6126:
6125:
6120:
6110:
6109:
6108:
6103:
6093:
6088:
6087:
6086:
6081:
6070:
6068:
6061:
6055:
6054:
6051:
6050:
6048:
6047:
6042:
6036:
6034:
6028:
6027:
6025:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6013:
6012:
6007:
5997:
5991:
5989:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5958:
5956:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5934:Pipeline stall
5930:
5928:
5919:
5913:
5912:
5909:
5908:
5906:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5885:
5883:z/Architecture
5880:
5875:
5870:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5801:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5741:
5739:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5729:
5728:
5727:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5686:
5685:
5675:
5674:
5673:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5642:
5640:
5633:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5595:
5594:
5589:
5587:Virtual memory
5579:
5574:
5573:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5526:
5525:
5515:
5510:
5504:
5502:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5492:
5491:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5454:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5411:Turing machine
5408:
5407:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5371:
5366:
5360:
5358:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5344:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5321:
5312:
5311:
5309:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5292:
5290:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5282:
5277:
5276:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5252:
5246:
5244:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5233:
5232:
5226:
5220:
5214:
5213:
5212:
5200:
5194:
5192:
5188:
5187:
5185:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5163:
5157:
5151:
5145:
5138:
5136:
5129:
5125:
5124:
5121:
5120:
5118:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5101:
5099:
5093:
5092:
5090:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5048:
5047:
5037:
5032:
5031:
5030:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5004:
5003:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4977:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4943:
4938:
4932:
4930:
4924:
4923:
4921:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4861:
4855:
4853:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4842:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4785:
4784:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4709:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4669:
4664:
4658:
4656:
4647:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4586:
4584:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4574:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4557:
4556:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4541:
4534:
4526:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4500:
4495:
4489:Motorola 88000
4486:
4481:
4476:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:Analog Devices
4312:
4310:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4248:
4239:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4205:
4203:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4193:
4184:
4182:
4178:
4177:
4175:
4174:
4168:
4166:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4142:
4141:
4136:
4126:
4121:
4118:
4113:
4109:
4107:
4103:
4102:
4095:
4088:
4087:
4084:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4074:
4072:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4014:
4008:
4006:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3982:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3971:
3966:
3960:
3958:
3952:Floating-point
3948:
3947:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3931:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3883:
3881:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3816:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3766:
3760:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3690:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3667:
3661:
3656:
3649:
3648:External links
3646:
3645:
3644:
3638:
3621:
3608:
3602:
3589:
3579:
3558:
3548:
3533:
3527:
3512:
3507:978-1558602793
3506:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3485:
3462:
3430:
3400:
3370:
3340:
3326:
3300:
3274:
3248:
3222:
3192:
3166:
3136:
3110:
3093:"PowerPC Port"
3084:
3059:
3033:
3007:
2977:
2944:
2914:
2887:
2864:
2834:
2807:
2760:
2737:
2707:
2676:
2645:
2596:
2565:
2547:
2533:978-0099270737
2532:
2503:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2452:
2446:
2441:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2395:
2383:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:AmigaOne X1000
2351:
2345:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2308:
2290:
2277:
2274:Apple Computer
2272:, designed by
2251:Main article:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2211:
2210:64-bit PowerPC
2208:
2207:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2189:
2182:
2168:
2163:
2153:
2148:
2141:
2135:
2125:
2120:
2114:
2104:
2089:
2088:32-bit PowerPC
2086:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2066:
2063:
2058:
2049:
2044:
2035:
2025:
2020:
2014:
2009:
2008:embedded Linux
2003:
1994:
1989:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1959:Microware OS-9
1956:
1953:
1948:
1945:
1940:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1914:
1909:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1874:
1873:, experimental
1862:
1861:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1822:
1816:
1805:, with 32-bit
1800:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1781:
1772:
1756:
1750:
1739:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1714:
1709:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1662:, experimental
1651:
1641:Classic Mac OS
1638:
1631:
1628:
1619:
1616:
1407:Motorola 68040
1344:
1341:
1305:exclusive-ORed
1285:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:floating-point
1230:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1190:
1183:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1005:
995:
994:
993:
990:
981:
974:
967:
962:
957:
946:
945:
944:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
911:
904:
897:
890:
882:series (1990)
874:
873:
869:
868:
867:
866:
865:
864:
859:
850:
849:
848:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
811:
810:
806:
805:
787:
784:
783:
782:
777:
770:
759:
752:
741:
714:
699:
659:
656:
637:open standards
580:, PowerPC and
569:
568:Breakup of AIM
566:
559:
546:
478:
475:
418:
415:
358:
355:
217:
216:
209:
203:
202:
199:
197:Floating point
193:
192:
189:
183:
182:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
155:
151:
150:
145:
139:
138:
136:Condition code
133:
127:
126:
123:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
73:
69:
68:
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7287:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7267:
7265:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7206:
7204:
7200:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7159:
7157:
7155:
7149:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7098:
7097:
7094:
7093:
7091:
7089:
7085:
7079:
7076:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7063:
7062:
7059:
7055:
7052:
7051:
7050:
7047:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7039:Demultiplexer
7037:
7035:
7032:
7031:
7029:
7027:
7023:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6985:
6983:
6981:
6977:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6960:Memory buffer
6958:
6956:
6955:Register file
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6933:
6929:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6912:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6895:Combinational
6893:
6892:
6890:
6888:
6884:
6878:
6875:
6871:
6868:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6830:
6827:
6824:
6821:
6818:
6815:
6814:
6812:
6810:
6804:
6798:
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6747:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6737:
6735:
6731:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6706:
6704:
6700:
6692:
6689:
6688:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6613:
6611:
6609:
6605:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6579:
6576:
6573:
6570:
6567:
6564:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6532:
6526:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6508:
6505:
6502:
6499:
6498:
6496:
6490:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6444:
6437:
6434:
6431:
6428:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6368:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6356:
6353:
6352:
6350:
6348:
6344:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6327:
6324:
6321:
6318:
6315:
6312:
6309:
6306:
6303:
6300:
6295:
6292:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6280:
6278:
6276:
6270:
6258:
6255:
6254:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6212:
6210:
6208:
6204:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6162:
6160:
6158:
6154:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6136:
6133:
6132:
6131:
6128:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6114:
6111:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6098:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6076:
6075:
6072:
6071:
6069:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6056:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6037:
6035:
6033:
6029:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6002:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5995:Scoreboarding
5993:
5992:
5990:
5988:
5984:
5978:
5977:False sharing
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5955:
5951:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5931:
5929:
5927:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5914:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5888:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5770:Stanford MIPS
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5742:
5740:
5734:
5726:
5723:
5722:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5684:
5681:
5680:
5679:
5676:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5631:architectures
5626:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5599:Heterogeneous
5597:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5550:Memory access
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5503:
5501:
5497:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5483:Random-access
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5463:Stack machine
5461:
5459:
5456:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5413:
5412:
5409:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5379:with datapath
5377:
5376:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5342:
5337:
5335:
5330:
5328:
5323:
5322:
5319:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5293:
5291:
5287:
5281:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5263:NXP/Freescale
5261:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5241:
5230:
5227:
5224:
5221:
5218:
5215:
5210:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5189:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5167:
5164:
5161:
5158:
5155:
5152:
5149:
5146:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5126:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5029:
5026:
5025:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5002:
4999:
4998:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4933:
4931:
4929:
4925:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4856:
4854:
4852:
4848:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4783:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4702:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4657:
4655:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4642:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4583:
4582:Architectures
4579:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4564:
4562:
4558:
4554:
4547:
4542:
4540:
4535:
4533:
4528:
4527:
4524:
4512:
4508:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4412:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4348:LatticeMico32
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4307:
4301:
4300:Stanford MIPS
4298:
4296:
4295:Berkeley RISC
4293:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4276:
4269:
4264:
4262:
4257:
4255:
4250:
4249:
4246:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4192:DSPcontroller
4191:
4190:
4189:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4099:
4093:
4089:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4071:
4067:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4000:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3976:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3872:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3753:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3732:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3711:
3706:
3704:
3699:
3697:
3692:
3691:
3688:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3647:
3641:
3639:9780070111929
3635:
3630:
3629:
3622:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3586:
3585:
3580:
3572:
3565:
3564:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3549:0-9649654-0-2
3545:
3541:
3540:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3520:
3519:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3499:
3494:
3493:
3489:
3481:
3477:
3471:
3469:
3467:
3463:
3447:
3440:
3434:
3431:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3404:
3401:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3374:
3371:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3344:
3341:
3336:
3330:
3327:
3314:
3310:
3304:
3301:
3288:
3284:
3278:
3275:
3262:
3258:
3252:
3249:
3236:
3232:
3226:
3223:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3196:
3193:
3180:
3176:
3170:
3167:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3140:
3137:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3111:
3098:
3094:
3088:
3085:
3073:
3069:
3063:
3060:
3047:
3043:
3037:
3034:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3008:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2981:
2978:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2948:
2945:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2918:
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7249:Chip carrier
7187:Clock gating
7106:Mixed-signal
7003:Write buffer
6980:Control unit
6792:Clock signal
6531:accelerators
6513:Cypress PSoC
6170:Simultaneous
5987:Out-of-order
5792:
5619:Neuromorphic
5500:Architecture
5458:Belt machine
5451:Zeno machine
5384:Hierarchical
5110:ARM Cortex-R
5039:
4981:ARM Cortex-R
4506:
4437:Apollo PRISM
4420:Discontinued
4344:LatticeMico8
4224:PowerPC 5000
4097:
4002:
3955:coprocessors
3812:68000 family
3775:Hitachi 6309
3730:
3664:PPC Overview
3627:
3616:the original
3593:
3583:
3571:the original
3562:
3538:
3517:
3497:
3480:the original
3453:. Retrieved
3433:
3421:. Retrieved
3412:
3403:
3391:. Retrieved
3382:
3373:
3361:. Retrieved
3352:
3343:
3329:
3317:. Retrieved
3313:the original
3303:
3291:. Retrieved
3287:the original
3277:
3265:. Retrieved
3251:
3239:. Retrieved
3225:
3213:. Retrieved
3204:
3195:
3183:. Retrieved
3169:
3157:. Retrieved
3148:
3139:
3127:. Retrieved
3113:
3101:. Retrieved
3087:
3075:. Retrieved
3071:
3062:
3050:. Retrieved
3036:
3024:. Retrieved
3010:
2998:. Retrieved
2989:
2980:
2970:February 22,
2968:. Retrieved
2956:
2947:
2935:. Retrieved
2917:
2907:September 1,
2905:. Retrieved
2890:
2882:the original
2877:
2867:
2855:. Retrieved
2847:The Register
2846:
2837:
2825:. Retrieved
2810:
2801:
2795:the original
2782:
2776:
2763:
2755:the original
2750:
2740:
2722:
2710:
2692:
2679:
2661:
2648:
2638:September 1,
2636:. Retrieved
2611:
2599:
2587:. Retrieved
2580:
2550:
2521:
2498:the original
2491:
2400:Perseverance
2398:
2386:
2374:
2333:
2256:
2184:Rapport for
2111:AIM alliance
2083:
1988:Cisco AireOS
1951:Nucleus RTOS
1810:
1806:
1803:Gentoo Linux
1790:
1784:
1775:
1769:
1765:
1717:Workplace OS
1621:
1606:
1595:
1588:
1561:
1545:
1541:
1525:
1502:
1487:
1464:
1456:68k emulator
1445:
1435:
1421:
1400:
1393:
1382:
1353:PowerPC 604e
1334:
1320:
1316:
1310:
1302:
1287:
1284:Endian modes
1262:
1204:
1168:
1121:AIM alliance
1097:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1036:IBM/Nintendo
1023:
1000:
976:
969:
952:
913:
906:
899:
892:
885:
797:
779:
684:
680:Power Mac G4
676:PowerBook G3
672:Power Mac G3
661:
649:
642:
589:
556:
549:
542:
533:
526:
522:
488:
484:Workplace OS
480:
470:
468:
463:Data General
460:
449:
445:
432:
428:AIM alliance
420:
399:
386:
360:
347:Power series
328:
316:Perseverance
281:
240:
236:
229:
228:
29:
18:PowerPC 2.02
7034:Multiplexer
6998:Data buffer
6709:Single-core
6681:bit slicing
6539:Coprocessor
6394:Coprocessor
6275:performance
6197:Cooperative
6187:Speculative
6147:Distributed
6106:Superscalar
6091:Instruction
6059:Parallelism
6032:Speculative
5864:System/3x0
5736:Instruction
5513:Von Neumann
5426:Post–Turing
5135:Programming
4898:PIC24/dsPIC
4834:Rabbit 2000
4645:Word length
4432:AMD Am29000
3756:6800 family
3455:January 14,
3423:January 14,
3393:January 14,
3363:December 6,
3267:October 27,
3215:December 6,
3159:January 14,
3149:Gentoo Wiki
3000:January 14,
2990:Haiku Files
2937:January 14,
2751:OS/2 Museum
2397:Mars rover
2385:Mars rover
2286:processor,
2140:for routers
2128:BAE Systems
2040:(OSE) from
1947:VxWorks 653
1871:OpenSolaris
1513:PowerPC 970
1505:PowerPC 620
1498:PowerPC 615
1471:PowerPC 604
1467:PowerPC 603
1385:PowerPC 601
1227:PowerPC 970
1211:superscalar
658:Generations
406:superscalar
7264:Categories
7154:management
7049:Multiplier
6910:Logic gate
6900:Sequential
6807:Functional
6787:Clock rate
6760:Data cache
6733:Components
6714:Multi-core
6702:Core count
6192:Preemptive
6096:Pipelining
6079:Bit-serial
6022:Wide-issue
5967:Structural
5889:Tilera ISA
5855:MicroBlaze
5825:ETRAX CRIS
5720:Comparison
5565:Load–store
5545:Endianness
5172:Bootloader
5128:Interfaces
4470:Intel i860
4407:MicroBlaze
4219:PowerQUICC
4050:PowerQUICC
3865:DragonBall
3773:see also:
3731:Processors
3319:August 16,
3293:August 16,
3241:August 16,
3185:October 3,
3121:. Debian.
3103:August 16,
3095:. Debian.
3052:August 16,
3026:August 16,
2857:August 16,
2589:October 3,
2472:References
2317:, for the
2307:processors
2282:, for the
2033:LynuxWorks
1886:Windows NT
1857:Void Linux
1747:Arch Linux
1647:.1.2; and
1572:PowerQUICC
1536:IBM AS/400
1427:Windows NT
1337:endianness
1083:PWRficient
692:970 family
688:G5 project
536:PowerQUICC
367:John Cocke
232:(with the
162:PowerPC AS
154:Extensions
143:Endianness
114:Load–store
72:Introduced
7088:Circuitry
7008:Microcode
6932:Registers
6775:coherence
6750:CPU cache
6608:Word size
6273:Processor
5917:Execution
5820:DEC Alpha
5798:Power ISA
5614:Cognitive
5421:Universal
5209:debugWIRE
5191:Debugging
5115:PowerPC64
5052:Propeller
4760:MELPS 740
4465:DEC PRISM
4411:PicoBlaze
4363:Power ISA
4165:16/32-bit
4112:6801/6803
4060:PPC e6500
4045:PPC e5500
3880:-variants
3175:"MintPPC"
2965:0971-8257
2542:925000937
2428:Power ISA
2388:Curiosity
2280:Microsoft
2221:Microsoft
2216:P.A. Semi
2166:LSI Logic
2080:Licensees
2047:Integrity
1984:Cisco IOS
1697:Unix-like
1636:AmigaOS 4
1614:in 2024.
1596:In 2003,
1424:Microsoft
1416:AmigaOS 4
1136:Power.org
1131:Blue Gene
802:Power ISA
682:in 1999.
625:Microsoft
518:benchmark
493:released
491:Microsoft
379:IBM RT PC
351:Power ISA
320:AmigaOS 4
312:Curiosity
294:, Sony's
273:trademark
269:Power ISA
234:backronym
211:32 (with
180:Registers
173:Power ISA
169:Successor
131:Branching
67:(32 → 64)
7026:Datapath
6719:Manycore
6691:variable
6529:Hardware
6165:Temporal
5845:OpenRISC
5540:Cellular
5530:Dataflow
5523:modified
5289:See also
5268:Infineon
5062:TLCS-900
5028:ColdFire
4949:Cortex-M
4913:TLCS-900
4839:TLCS-870
4358:OpenRISC
4339:eSi-RISC
4319:Blackfin
4188:DSP568xx
4036:PPC 74xx
4031:PPC e500
4012:PPC e200
3860:ColdFire
3554:Archived
3446:Archived
3417:Archived
3387:Archived
3357:Archived
3261:Archived
3235:Archived
3209:Archived
3179:Archived
3153:Archived
3123:Archived
3097:Archived
3077:March 1,
3046:Archived
3020:Archived
2994:Archived
2931:Archived
2901:Archived
2851:Archived
2827:July 29,
2821:Archived
2791:51808955
2729:Archived
2699:Archived
2668:Archived
2632:Archived
2628:24733198
2560:Archived
2411:See also
2348:Sam460ex
2339:Sam440ep
2297:GameCube
2295:for the
2293:Nintendo
2284:Xbox 360
2268:for its
2186:Kilocore
2171:Motorola
2158:used in
2156:Kumyoung
2145:V-Dragon
2070:IEC61508
2061:FreeRTOS
2019:BCM Tech
2017:Broadcom
1932:Embedded
1898:GameCube
1831:openSUSE
1815:releases
1753:CRUX PPC
1704:through
1702:Rhapsody
1645:System 7
1624:embedded
1483:L1 cache
1377:Sun Fire
1059:Espresso
1052:Broadway
772:G6: The
761:G5: The
754:G4: The
751:families
743:G3: The
740:families
716:G2: The
701:G1: The
629:Xbox 360
605:GameCube
601:Nintendo
560:—
547:—
375:IBM ROMP
349:use the
300:GameCube
292:Xbox 360
261:Motorola
121:Encoding
47:Designer
7202:Related
7133:Quantum
7123:Digital
7118:Boolean
7016:Counter
6915:Quantum
6676:512-bit
6671:256-bit
6666:128-bit
6509:(MPSoC)
6494:on chip
6492:Systems
6310:(FLOPS)
6123:Process
5972:Control
5954:Hazards
5840:Itanium
5835:Unicore
5793:PowerPC
5518:Harvard
5478:Pointer
5473:Counter
5431:Quantum
5211:(Atmel)
5205:(JTAG)
5067:TriCore
5040:PowerPC
4936:Am29000
4809:ST6/ST7
4690:TMS1000
4685:TLCS-47
4507:PowerPC
4498:PA-RISC
4450:Clipper
4399:Unicore
4368:Renesas
4290:IBM 801
4283:Origins
4026:PPC 7xx
4017:PPC 6xx
4003:PowerPC
3940:MC88110
3935:MC88100
3917:68LC060
3912:68EC060
3907:68LC040
3902:68EC040
3897:68EC030
3892:68EC020
3887:68EC000
3129:July 4,
2582:MacWeek
2403:- uses
2391:- uses
2315:Toshiba
2241:Toshiba
2192:Samsung
2160:karaoke
2042:ENEA AB
1943:VxWorks
1926:HelenOS
1892:ReactOS
1865:Solaris
1825:MkLinux
1819:MintPPC
1786:ppc64le
1766:powerpc
1764:32-bit
1736:OpenBSD
1726:FreeBSD
1684:Inferno
1674:MorphOS
1656:R5 Pro
1649:Copland
1593:robot.
1568:MC68302
1532:RS/6000
1521:AltiVec
1355:200 MHz
1312:AltiVec
1259:system.
1156:AltiVec
1013:RAD5500
1002:RAD6000
986:(2010)
941:Power10
862:Qorivva
798:PowerPC
550:MacWeek
503:Solaris
440:Pentium
357:History
247:(RISC)
243:) is a
230:PowerPC
213:AltiVec
158:AltiVec
90:Version
82:1992-10
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7138:Switch
7128:Analog
6866:(IMC)
6837:(MMU)
6686:others
6661:64-bit
6656:48-bit
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6646:24-bit
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6631:12-bit
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6363:(GPU)
6322:(SUPS)
6290:(IPC)
6142:Memory
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6101:Scalar
5903:Others
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5815:SuperH
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5087:Z80000
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4695:ÎĽCOM-4
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3957:(FPUs)
3802:68HC16
3797:68HC12
3792:68HC11
3787:68HC08
3782:68HC05
3636:
3600:
3546:
3525:
3504:
2963:
2803:sense.
2789:
2626:
2540:
2530:
2451:(PReP)
2440:(PAPR)
2419:(CHRP)
2405:RAD750
2393:RAD750
2303:, and
2276:(1995)
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2203:Xilinx
2132:RAD750
2119:(AMCC)
2094:Altera
2006:ELinOS
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1938:M-RTOS
1917:CellOS
1904:, and
1881:JavaOS
1846:Ubuntu
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1389:POWER1
1326:Matrox
1219:endian
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7152:Power
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6848:(TLB)
6831:(FPU)
6825:(AGU)
6819:(ALU)
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6621:4-bit
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6426:(MCM)
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6316:(TPS)
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6296:(CPI)
6067:Level
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5873:S/370
5868:S/360
5810:SPARC
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5639:Types
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5243:Lists
5231:(ITP)
5225:(ICE)
5219:(ICD)
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5156:(PDI)
5150:(ISP)
5035:PIC32
5023:68000
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4986:AVR32
4969:STM32
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4705:8-bit
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4442:Atmel
4427:Alpha
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3993:68851
3988:68451
3981:(MMU)
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3845:68030
3840:68020
3835:68012
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3746:14500
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3567:(PDF)
3449:(PDF)
3442:(PDF)
3383:DDC-I
2798:(PDF)
2787:S2CID
2785:(2).
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2732:(PDF)
2719:(PDF)
2702:(PDF)
2689:(PDF)
2671:(PDF)
2658:(PDF)
2624:S2CID
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2305:Wii U
2288:Xenon
2173:(was
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2102:Intel
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2023:RTEMS
2001:SYSGO
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1812:ppc64
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6797:FIFO
6740:Core
6478:ASIP
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6409:FPGA
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7266::
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5077:RX
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4799:H8
4509:,
4505:,
4491:,
4472:,
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4377:,
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3552:.
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3415:.
3411:.
3385:.
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2876:.
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2783:11
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2775:.
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2630:.
2622:.
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2558:.
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2506:^
2490:.
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2299:,
2261::
2096:,
1900:,
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1695:,
1691::
1475:KB
1251:A
1245:A
1167:,
984:A2
796:,
732:,
728:,
724:,
720:,
705:,
615:,
607:,
430:.
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326:.
302:,
201:32
191:32
160:,
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