780:
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29:
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1091:– a type of maternally inherited DNA located in the cell cytoplasm- was recovered from the remains of Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) farmers in the Near East and then compared to available data from other Neolithic populations in Europe and also to modern populations from South Eastern Europe and the Near East. The obtained results show that substantial human migrations were involved in the Neolithic spread and suggest that the first Neolithic farmers entered Europe following a maritime route through
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through the genetic analysis of human populations. Agricultural and husbandry practices originated 10,000 years ago in a region of the Near East known as the
Fertile Crescent. According to the archaeological record this phenomenon, known as "Neolithic", rapidly expanded from these territories into Europe. However, whether this diffusion was accompanied or not by human migrations is greatly debated.
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1041:, and Caucasus Hunter-Gatherers. The PPNB in general exhibited strong evidence of gene flow from populations related to Anatolia compared to the earlier Natufian hunter-gatherers. PPN individuals from Ain Ghazal further to the north in Jordan had a stronger genetic affinity with Anatolia than the PPN of Ba'ja, although not significantly so.
295:; earlier typical dwellings were circular, elliptical and occasionally even octagonal. Pyrotechnology, the expanding capability to control fire, was highly developed in this period. During this period, one of the main features of houses is a thick layer of white clay plaster flooring, highly polished and made of lime produced from
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culture of the Nile Valley, with fossils associated with these early cultures all sharing a common genomic West
Eurasian/Near-Eastern component. A paper from 2021 would find that the Mesolithic Natufians cluster the closest with modern Saudi Arabians, Desert Bedouins and Yemenis. The Natufians were
1086:
Since the original human expansions out of Africa 200,000 years ago, different prehistoric and historic migration events have taken place in Europe. Considering that the movement of the people implies a consequent movement of their genes, it is possible to estimate the impact of these migrations
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from Barcin and
Mentese. In another study from 2021, the populations of the PPNB Levant were modelled as having 60.5% Israel Natufian Epipaleolithic related ancestry, and 39.5% Turkey Barcin Neolithic ancestry. Later, geneticists in 2022 using 1.2 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs),
3352:
Mathieson, Iain; Lazaridis, Iosif; Rohland, Nadin; Mallick, Swapan; Patterson, Nick; Roodenberg, Songül
Alpaslan; Harney, Eadaoin; Stewardson, Kristin; Fernandes, Daniel; Novak, Mario; Sirak, Kendra; Gamba, Cristina; Jones, Eppie R.; Llamas, Bastien; Dryomov, Stanislav (24 December 2015).
3418:
Lazaridis, Iosif; Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songül; Acar, Ayşe; Açıkkol, Ayşen; Agelarakis, Anagnostis; Aghikyan, Levon; Akyüz, Uğur; Andreeva, Desislava; Andrijašević, Gojko; Antonović, Dragana; Armit, Ian; Atmaca, Alper; Avetisyan, Pavel; Aytek, Ahmet İhsan; Bacvarov, Krum (26 August 2022).
869:
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Wang, Xiaoran; Skourtanioti, Eirini; Benz, Marion; Gresky, Julia; Ilgner, Jana; Lucas, Mary; Morsch, Michael; Peters, Joris; Pöllath, Nadja; Ringbauer, Harald; le Roux, Petrus; Schultz, Michael; Krause, Johannes; Roberts, Patrick; Stockhammer, Philipp W. (24 January 2023).
3286:
Lazaridis, Iosif; Nadel, Dani; Rollefson, Gary; Merrett, Deborah C.; Rohland, Nadin; Mallick, Swapan; Fernandes, Daniel; Novak, Mario; Gamarra, Beatriz; Sirak, Kendra; Connell, Sarah; Stewardson, Kristin; Harney, Eadaoin; Fu, Qiaomei; Gonzalez-Fortes, Gloria (August 2016).
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Helmer D. et
Gourichon L., Premières données sur les modalités de subsistances dans les niveaux récents (PPNB moyen à Néolithique à Poterie) de Tell Aswad en Damascène (Syrie), Fouilles 2001–2005, in Vila E. et Gourichon L. (eds), ASWA Lyon June 2006.,
252:
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has proposed that a Circum
Arabian Nomadic Pastoral Complex developed in the period from the climatic crisis of 6200 BC, partly as a result of an increasing emphasis in PPNB cultures upon animal domesticates, and a fusion with
2837:
Stordeur D., Khawam R. Une place pour les morts dans les maisons de Tell Aswad (Syrie). (Horizon PPNB ancien et PPNB moyen). Workshop Houses for the living and a place for the dead, Hommage à J. Cauvin. Madrid, 5ICAANE.,
639:. How a PPNB culture could spring up in this location, practicing domesticated farming from 8700 BC has been the subject of speculation. Whether it created its own culture or imported traditions from the North East or
1117:
1078:), thus demonstrating that, on average, the Neolithic spread at a constant speed of about 1 km/yr. More recent studies confirm these results and yield the speed of 0.6–1.3 km/yr at 95% confidence level.
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have adopted for a sudden decrease in global temperatures that occurred approximately 8,200 years before the present, or c. 6200 BC, and which lasted for the next two to four centuries. In the following
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Mathieson et al. (2015) & Lazardis et al. (2016), discovered that the Levant
Neolithic samples from PPNB to PPNC were a mix of a component related to Natufians, and another lineage related to
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discovered that the ancient DNA of the Pre-Pottery
Neolithic of Mesopotamia and Anatolia, showed that these populations were formed through admixture of pre-Neolithic sources related to
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Around 8000 BC, before the invention of pottery, several early settlements became experts in crafting beautiful and highly sophisticated containers from stone, using materials such as
627:
culture. Instead, they found evidence of a fully established PPNB culture at 8700 BC at Aswad, pushing back the period's generally accepted start date by 1,200 years. Similar sites to
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Stordeur D.; Jammous B.; Khawam R.; Morero E. L'aire funéraire de Tell Aswad (PPNB). In HUOT J.-L. et STORDEUR D. (Eds) Hommage à H. de
Contenson. Syria, n° spécial, 83, 39-62., 2006.
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393:
3721:
3629:"Ancient DNA Analysis of 8000 B.C. Near Eastern Farmers Supports an Early Neolithic Pioneer Maritime Colonization of Mainland Europe through Cyprus and the Aegean Islands"
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2905:"Ancient DNA analysis of 8000 BC near eastern farmers supports an early neolithic pioneer maritime colonization of Mainland Europe through Cyprus and the Aegean Islands"
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Zarins, Juris (1992) "Pastoral
Nomadism in Arabia: Ethnoarchaeology and the Archaeological Record," in O. Bar-Yosef and A. Khazanov, eds. "Pastoralism in the Levant"
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In 2023, Xiaoran Wang and team found that their six genetically analyzed PPNB individuals, were having ancestry from Levantine Epipaleolithic, Anatolian Neolithic,
803:, and employing sand to shape and polish. Artisans used the veins in the material to maximum visual effect. Such objects have been found in abundance on the upper
2767:
Helmer D.; Gourichon L., Premières données sur les modalités de subsistance dans les niveaux récents de Tell Aswad (Damascène, Syrie) – fouilles 2001-2005., 2008.
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in Europe was first studied quantitatively in the 1970s, when a sufficient number of 14C age determinations for early Neolithic sites had become available.
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Stordeur D., Khawam R. Les crânes surmodelés de Tell Aswad (PPNB, Syrie). Premier regard sur l’ensemble, premières réflexions. Syria, 84, 5-32., 2007.
920:
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1981:
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discovered a linear relationship between the age of an Early Neolithic site and its distance from the conventional source in the Near East (
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Pre-Pottery Neolithic B fossils that were analysed for uniparentals via ancient DNA, were found to carry the Y-DNA (paternal) haplogroups
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4209:
3236:"Projecting Ancient Ancestry in Modern-Day Arabians and Iranians: A Key Role of the Past Exposed Arabo-Persian Gulf on Human Migrations"
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vessels, made from lime and gray ash, built up around baskets before firing, for several centuries around 7000 BC at sites such as Tell
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DNA analysis has also confirmed ancestral ties between the Pre-Pottery Neolithic culture bearers and the makers of the Epipaleolithic
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974:(1/7; ~14%). The CT clade was also observed in a Pre-Pottery Neolithic C specimen (1/1; 100%). Maternally, the rare basal haplogroup
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post-pottery Neolithic cultures that succeeded it, rapid cultural development continues, although PPNB culture continued in the
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3477:"Isotopic and DNA analyses reveal multiscale PPNB mobility and migration across Southeastern Anatolia and the Southern Levant"
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Stordeur D. Des crânes surmodelés à Tell Aswad de Damascène. (PPNB – Syrie). Paléorient, CNRS Editions, 29/2, 109-116., 2003.
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332:). Sites from this period found in the Levant utilizing rectangular floor plans and plastered floor techniques were found at
239:. However, it shows evidence of having more northerly origins, possibly indicating an influx from the region of northeastern
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between 9000 and 6000 BC in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B period. They represent some of the oldest forms of art in the
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tool kit of the period is new and quite disparate from that of the earlier period. One of its major elements is the
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3099:"Ancient genomes from North Africa evidence prehistoric migrations to the Maghreb from both the Levant and Europe"
28:
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It is believed that the use of clay plaster for floor and wall coverings during PPNB led to the discovery of
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3421:"Ancient DNA from Mesopotamia suggests distinct Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic migrations into Anatolia"
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6030:
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3179:"Ancient Egyptian mummy genomes suggest an increase of Sub-Saharan African ancestry in post-Roman periods"
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Stordeur D. Tell Aswad. Résultats préliminaires des campagnes 2001 et 2002. Neo Lithics 1/03, 7-15, 2003.
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has been found among skeletal remains belonging to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B, as have the mtDNA clades
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has been considered an important question for a site that poses a problem for the scientific community.
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also close to, and ancestral to the ancient Levant PPNB/C and the later Levantine Bronze Age samples.
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core. This is the first period in which architectural styles of the southern Levant became primarily
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Lazaridis, Iosif; et al. (17 June 2016). "The genetic structure of the world's first farmers".
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Map of the spread of Neolithic farming cultures from the Near-East to Europe, with dates in year BC
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2990:"Pleistocene North African genomes link Near Eastern and sub-Saharan African human populations"
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Archaeozoology of the Southwest Asia and Adjacent Areas VIII. Actes du 8e colloque de l'ASWA
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hunter gatherers in Southern Palestine, with affiliate connections with the cultures of
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tripod vase, mid-Euphrates, probably from Tell Buqras, 6000 BC, Louvre Museum AO 31551
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Polimorfismos de DNA mitocondrial en poblaciones antiguas de la cuenca mediterránea
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275:(PPNA), in that people living during this phase began to depend more heavily upon
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below their homes. The skulls denote some of the earliest sculptural examples of
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and demonstrate that the prehistoric population took great care in burying their
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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3000:(6388). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 548–552.
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Vila, E.; Gourichon, L.; Buitenhuis, H.; et al., eds. (2008). "49".
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Alabaster pot with handles, Buqras region, 6500 BC Louvre Museum AO 28519
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showing important sites that were occupied in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
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2781:. Vol. 1. Lyon: Travaux de la Maison de l'Orient. pp. 119–151.
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3289:"Genomic insights into the origin of farming in the ancient Near East"
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Ferreira, Joana C.; Alshamali, Farida; et al. (September 2021).
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Neolithic culture in upper Mesopotamia and the Levant c. 8800–6500 BC
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Cultural tendencies of this period differ from that of the earlier
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5038:
5004:
4567:
4464:
3967:
2581:
2571:
1817:
1799:
1562:
1482:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1216:
1211:
1053:
1012:
941:
689:
681:
588:
301:
284:
250:
3622:
Material was copied from this source, which is available under a
3591:
Material was copied from this source, which is available under a
6335:
6296:
5976:
5776:
5632:
5562:
5482:
5354:
4867:
2095:
1709:
1268:
1257:
693:
229:
5903:
5542:
4808:
4713:
4386:
3703:
1137:
5939:
5647:
5413:
5371:
362:
were reconstructed human skulls that were made in the ancient
3355:"Genome-wide patterns of selection in 230 ancient Eurasians"
1123:
Genetic distance between PPNB farmers and modern populations
807:, in what is today eastern Syria, especially at the site of
3536:
Shukurov, Anvar; Sarson, Graeme R.; Gangal, Kavita (2014).
914:
Alabaster pot, Mid-Euphrates region, 6500 BC, Louvre Museum
902:
Alabaster pot Mid-Euphrates region, 6500 BC, Louvre Museum
3047:"Reconstructing Prehistoric African Population Structure"
352:). The period is dated to between c. 10,700 and c. 8,000
863:
tripod vase Mid-Euphrates 6000 BC Louvre Museum AO 28386
811:. These form the early stages of the development of the
3538:"The Near-Eastern Roots of the Neolithic in South Asia"
2688:
World Prehistory and Archaeology: Pathways Through Time
3624:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
3593:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
3627:
Turbón, Daniel; Arroyo-Pardo, Eduardo (5 June 2014).
2716:
Archaeology of the Land of the Bible: 10,000 – 586 BC
1111:
Modern distribution of the haplotypes of PPNB farmers
684:. Cultures practicing this lifestyle spread down the
631:
in the Damascus Basin of the same age were found at
6433:
6246:
6073:
5920:
5785:
5749:
5598:
5555:
5345:
5176:
5149:
5074:
4991:
4896:
4821:
4616:
4588:
4503:
4420:
4342:
4107:
3865:
3856:
3800:
3766:
3757:
720:, where it influenced the later development of the
119:
109:
93:
77:
67:
57:
663:period, which existed between 8,200 and 7,900 BP.
2988:van de Loosdrecht; et al. (15 March 2018).
2744:Gardner's Art through the Ages: Backpack Edition
736:Left side-view of an Ain Ghazal statue from the
3481:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
279:to supplement their earlier mixed agrarian and
964:E(xE2,E1a,E1b1a1a1c2c3b1,E1b1b1b1a1,E1b1b1b2b)
4725:
4398:
3715:
2954:Fernández Domínguez, Eva (16 December 2005).
2627:
1149:
8:
3177:Schuenemann, Verena J.; et al. (2017).
1001:culture of East Africa, the Early Neolithic
232:people, the PPNB culture developed from the
21:
3045:Skoglund; et al. (21 September 2017).
259:, from c. 9000 years ago. Displayed at the
5917:
5900:
5552:
5539:
4997:
4818:
4805:
4732:
4718:
4710:
4694:
4684:
4405:
4391:
4383:
3862:
3763:
3722:
3708:
3700:
2634:
2620:
2001:
1156:
1142:
1134:
926:Female statuette, 8th millennium BC, Syria
773:, Paris, Ain Ghazal statue frontal closeup
3662:
3644:
3571:
3561:
3394:
3328:
3263:
3253:
3210:
3145:
3135:
3125:
3092:
3090:
3070:
3013:
2930:
2920:
2880:
201:years ago, that is, 8800–6500 BC. It was
6597:Archaeological cultures of the Near East
1197:
993:culture of North Africa, the Mesolithic
580:Clickable map of the modern-day eastern
480:
432:
4631:Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex
2710:
2708:
2674:
2653:Levantine archaeology#Ceramics analysis
2004:
1101:
950:(5500–5000 BC), Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
817:
785:Right side-view of an Ain Ghazal statue
726:
611:, a large agricultural village between
448:
52:proper was not fully settled by humans.
3530:
3528:
3526:
2898:
2896:
20:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3601:
2889:Table S6.1 – Y-chromosome haplogroups
528:
512:
7:
2903:Fernández, Eva; et al. (2014).
2680:
2678:
544:
6607:7th-millennium BC disestablishments
1034:, and Levantine hunter-gatherers.
699:The culture disappeared during the
4445:List of Paleolithic sites in China
1165:Chronology of the Neolithic period
938:Genetic history of the Middle East
847:, Syria, end of 8th millennium BC.
496:
416:
14:
5856:Megalithic architectural elements
4666:List of Bronze Age sites in China
1017:PPNB Plastered Skulls, Tell Aswad
320:. The earliest proto-pottery was
6602:9th-millennium BC establishments
4693:
4683:
4362:Neolithic demographic transition
3688:
3617:
3586:
2747:. Cengage Learning. p. 42.
1116:
1104:
919:
907:
895:
883:
868:
852:
836:
831:, Syria, late 8th millennium BC.
820:
778:
763:
744:
729:
559:
543:
527:
511:
495:
479:
464:
463:
447:
431:
415:
399:
392:
261:Rockefeller Archeological Museum
27:
6475:Evolutionary origin of religion
2084:Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period
560:
400:
738:Archaeological Museum of Amman
688:shoreline and moved east from
1:
6088:Art of the Middle Paleolithic
5618:British megalith architecture
2729:Timeline of the Ancient World
2718:, Doubleday: New York, p. 45.
2288:Neolithic Southeastern Europe
1082:Analysis of mitochondrial DNA
623:earlier suggestion of a PPNA
593:Reconstitution of housing in
83:
38:
6083:Art of the Upper Paleolithic
5623:Nordic megalith architecture
3646:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004401
3563:10.1371/journal.pone.0095714
3275:– via Oxford Academic.
3241:Genome Biology and Evolution
3097:Fregel; et al. (2018).
2960:. Universitat de Barcelona.
2922:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004401
2858:"Metropolitan Museum of Art"
2663:Upper Mesopotamia#Prehistory
1982:Historical Ancient Near East
1005:culture of Morocco, and the
4518:Early Neolithic settlements
2439: in the Gulf of Cambay
6628:
6592:Neolithic cultures of Asia
6231:British Isles and Brittany
6152:Gwion Gwion rock paintings
3063:10.1016/j.cell.2017.08.049
2691:. Routledge. p. 197.
2529:Savanna Pastoral Neolithic
2193:Gumelnița–Karanovo culture
2173:Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
1890:
999:Savanna Pastoral Neolithic
935:
211:archaeological excavations
147:Savanna Pastoral Neolithic
5916:
5899:
5551:
5538:
5000:
4817:
4804:
4747:
4679:
3737:
2741:Kleiner, Fred S. (2012).
2648:Holocene climatic optimum
1978:
1968:
1935:
1906:
1902:
1845:
1791:
1760:
1735:
1714:
1702:
1668:
1657:
1646:
1628:
1611:
1596:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1555:
1540:
1527:
1511:
1499:
1481:
1472:
1459:
1446:
1420:
1407:
1392:
1375:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1195:
1171:
205:by British archaeologist
26:
4671:Seima-Turbino phenomenon
3731:Neolithic Southwest Asia
2685:Chazan, Michael (2017).
2658:Prehistory of the Levant
6587:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
6463:Evolutionary musicology
5866:Oldest extant buildings
5793:Archaeological features
5312:Prepared-core technique
4579:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
4573:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A
4455:Paleolithic Mesopotamia
3786:Pre-Pottery Neolithic C
3780:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
3774:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A
3695:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
3501:10.1073/pnas.2210611120
3445:10.1126/science.abq0762
3137:10.1073/pnas.1800851115
3015:10.1126/science.aar8380
2519:Philippine jade culture
2238:Shulaveri–Shomu culture
2158:Cardium pottery culture
1530:Pre-Pottery Neolithic C
1395:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
1337:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A
661:Pre-Pottery Neolithic C
283:diet. In addition, the
273:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A
168:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
114:Pre-Pottery Neolithic A
22:Pre-Pottery Neolithic B
6425:Unchambered long cairn
6273:Mound Builders culture
5606:Neolithic architecture
4741:Prehistoric technology
4689:Archaeological periods
2509:Jeulmun pottery period
2283:Neolithic Transylvania
2213:Linear Pottery culture
1762:Linear Pottery culture
1059:
1018:
951:
659:has indicated a later
601:
360:Plastered human skulls
313:
268:
6612:Pre-Pottery Neolithic
6100:List of Stone Age art
5302:Microblade technology
5250:Langdale axe industry
4848:Ard / plough
4485:South Asian Stone Age
4125:Abu Masiyad al-Sharqi
4120:Abu Masiyad al-Gharbi
3742:Pre-Pottery Neolithic
3697:at Wikimedia Commons
3183:Nature Communications
2714:Amihai Mazar (1992).
1179:Pre-Pottery Neolithic
1057:
1016:
946:Yarmukian figurines,
945:
936:Further information:
592:
305:
254:
176:Pre-Pottery Neolithic
72:Pre-Pottery Neolithic
46:Pre-Pottery Neolithic
6507:Prehistoric medicine
6502:Prehistoric counting
6485:Prehistoric religion
6480:Paleolithic religion
6458:Behavioral modernity
5815:Causewayed enclosure
5707:Abri de la Madeleine
4831:Neolithic Revolution
4563:Neolithic South Asia
4558:Neolithic Revolution
4435:Japanese Paleolithic
4351:Neolithic Revolution
2551:Neolithic Revolution
1745:Tepe Muhammad Djafar
758:statues, c. 6500 BC.
651:Work at the site of
621:Henri de Contenson's
577:class=notpageimage|
277:domesticated animals
182:culture centered in
6546:Prehistoric warfare
5292:Magdalenian culture
5255:Levallois technique
5186:Earliest toolmaking
4641:Bronze Age Caucasus
4636:Bronze Age Anatolia
4310:Teleilat el Ghassul
4215:Khabrat Abu Hussein
3554:2014PLoSO...995714G
3534:Original text from
3493:2023PNAS..12010611W
3437:2022Sci...377..982L
3379:10.1038/nature16152
3371:2015Natur.528..499M
3313:10.1038/nature19310
3305:2016Natur.536..419L
3255:10.1093/gbe/evab194
3203:10.1038/ncomms15694
3195:2017NatCo...815694S
3118:2018PNAS..115.6774F
3006:2018Sci...360..548V
2305:Pengtoushan culture
2258:Tiszapolgár culture
2233:San Ciriaco culture
2045:Trihedral Neolithic
1129:Relative chronology
997:of the Levant, the
619:could not validate
605:Danielle Stordeur's
356:or 8,700–6,000 BC.
48:sites. The area of
23:
6497:Origin of language
6490:Spiritual drug use
6400:Rectangular dolmen
6302:Dartmoor kistvaens
6115:Carved stone balls
5827:Circular enclosure
5786:Other architecture
5729:Alp pile dwellings
5317:Solutrean industry
5228:Gravettian culture
4878:Secondary products
4528:Trialetian culture
4004:Tell Qarassa North
2592:Neolithic religion
2437:Marine archaeology
2340:Zhaobaogou culture
2330:Xinglongwa culture
2040:Shepherd Neolithic
2023:Neolithic cultures
1449:Egyptian Neolithic
1062:The spread of the
1060:
1019:
952:
813:art of Mesopotamia
701:8.2 kiloyear event
602:
314:
269:
81:c. 10,800–8,500 BP
58:Geographical range
6574:
6573:
6570:
6569:
6566:
6565:
6519:Prehistoric music
6468:music archaeology
6125:Cup and ring mark
5950:Clothing/textiles
5895:
5894:
5891:
5890:
5534:
5533:
5530:
5529:
5337:Yubetsu technique
5322:Striking platform
5287:Lithic technology
5172:
5171:
5157:Game drive system
5076:Projectile points
4968:Mortar and pestle
4707:
4706:
4661:Bronze Age Levant
4626:Andronovo culture
4533:Nemrikian culture
4380:
4379:
4367:Neolithic decline
4338:
4337:
4240:Khirbet al-Dharih
4195:Jebel Abu Thawwab
4014:Tepe Abdul Hosein
3943:Dja'de el Mughara
3852:
3851:
3693:Media related to
3431:(6609): 982–987.
3365:(7583): 499–503.
3299:(7617): 419–424.
3112:(26): 6774–6779.
2754:978-0-8400-3054-2
2698:978-1-351-80289-5
2644:
2643:
2597:Neolithic decline
2390:Qujialing culture
2355:Majiabang culture
2300:Peiligang culture
2163:Cernavodă culture
2143:Arzachena culture
2074:Yarmukian culture
1993:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1848:Pottery Neolithic
1671:Pottery Neolithic
1660:Pottery Neolithic
1649:Pottery Neolithic
1631:Pottery Neolithic
1614:Pottery Neolithic
1599:Pottery Neolithic
1579:Pottery Neolithic
1558:Pottery Neolithic
1543:Pottery Neolithic
1422:Initial Neolithic
1188:Pottery Neolithic
1089:Mitochondrial DNA
1039:Iranian Neolithic
1023:Anatolian farmers
970:(1/7; ~14%), and
948:Yarmukian culture
829:calcite alabaster
228:Like the earlier
184:upper Mesopotamia
174:) is part of the
165:
164:
127:Pottery Neolithic
6619:
6534:Divje Babe flute
6441:Archaeoastronomy
6184:Petrosomatoglyph
5918:
5901:
5750:Water management
5553:
5540:
5443:Denticulate tool
5265:Lithic reduction
4998:
4819:
4806:
4734:
4727:
4720:
4711:
4697:
4696:
4687:
4686:
4656:Bronze Age Korea
4651:Bronze Age India
4646:Bronze Age China
4523:Khiamian culture
4513:Fertile Crescent
4450:Natufian culture
4430:Dmanisi hominins
4414:Prehistoric Asia
4407:
4400:
4393:
4384:
4250:Mugharat al-Jawa
4034:Nahal Hemar Cave
3988:Tell Abu Hureyra
3893:Bawwab al-Ghazal
3863:
3792:Zagros Neolithic
3764:
3744:(10,500–7500 BP)
3724:
3717:
3710:
3701:
3692:
3677:
3676:
3666:
3648:
3621:
3615:
3596:
3590:
3585:
3575:
3565:
3532:
3521:
3520:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3398:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3332:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3267:
3257:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3214:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3149:
3139:
3129:
3103:
3094:
3085:
3084:
3074:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3017:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2934:
2924:
2900:
2891:
2886:
2884:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2854:
2848:
2845:
2839:
2835:
2829:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2811:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2793:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2774:
2768:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2738:
2732:
2725:
2719:
2712:
2703:
2702:
2682:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2577:Circular ditches
2557:Animal husbandry
2544:Neolithic topics
2504:Khiamian culture
2500:Other locations
2405:Shijiahe culture
2395:Longshan culture
2385:Majiayao culture
2380:Liangzhu culture
2370:Dawenkou culture
2365:Hongshan culture
2360:Yangshao culture
2228:Petreşti culture
2198:Hamangia culture
2188:Gorneşti culture
2168:Coțofeni culture
2131:Amratian culture
2126:Badarian culture
2116:El Omari culture
2101:Faiyum A culture
2069:Tahunian culture
2030:Fertile Crescent
2002:
1957:
1900:
1843:
1835:Hajji Firuz Tepe
1758:
1700:
1594:
1514:Neolithic Europe
1509:
1444:
1390:
1381:Tell Abu Hureyra
1373:
1328:
1292:
1236:Sinjar Mountains
1203:
1198:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1135:
1120:
1108:
1050:Carbon-14 dating
1007:Ancient Egyptian
995:Natufian culture
923:
911:
899:
887:
872:
856:
840:
824:
782:
767:
748:
733:
563:
562:
547:
546:
531:
530:
515:
514:
499:
498:
488:Tell Abu Hureyra
483:
482:
467:
466:
451:
450:
435:
434:
419:
418:
403:
402:
396:
307:Plastered skulls
255:Head of statue,
237:Natufian culture
200:
196:
157:Faiyum A culture
142:Neolithic Greece
88:
85:
62:Fertile Crescent
43:
40:
35:Fertile Crescent
31:
24:
6627:
6626:
6622:
6621:
6620:
6618:
6617:
6616:
6577:
6576:
6575:
6562:
6429:
6415:Stone box grave
6385:Megalithic tomb
6290:Cotswold-Severn
6242:
6147:Guardian stones
6075:Prehistoric art
6069:
5912:
5887:
5876:Timber trackway
5781:
5745:
5741:Wattle and daub
5594:
5573:Standing stones
5547:
5526:
5341:
5168:
5145:
5070:
4987:
4897:Food processing
4892:
4841:New World crops
4813:
4800:
4743:
4738:
4708:
4703:
4675:
4612:
4584:
4553:Neolithic Korea
4548:Neolithic Tibet
4543:Neolithic China
4538:Zarzian culture
4499:
4416:
4411:
4381:
4376:
4334:
4285:Tell Abu Suwwan
4280:Tabaqat al-Bûma
4103:
3848:
3796:
3753:
3733:
3728:
3686:
3681:
3680:
3639:(6): e1004401.
3626:
3616:
3599:
3535:
3533:
3524:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3351:
3350:
3346:
3285:
3284:
3280:
3270:
3268:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3176:
3175:
3171:
3101:
3096:
3095:
3088:
3044:
3043:
3039:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2915:(6): e1004401.
2902:
2901:
2894:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2832:
2827:
2823:
2818:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2786:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2762:
2755:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2726:
2722:
2713:
2706:
2699:
2684:
2683:
2676:
2671:
2640:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2545:
2537:
2536:
2535:
2524:Capsian culture
2438:
2415:Neolithic Tibet
2320:Dadiwan culture
2278:Vučedol culture
2263:Usatovo culture
2183:Dudești culture
2111:Merimde culture
2064:Qaraoun culture
2035:Heavy Neolithic
2024:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1963:
1955:
1954:
1945:
1932:
1926:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1885:
1878:
1877:
1869:
1865:
1858:
1855:
1851:
1841:
1833:
1823:
1815:
1809:
1804:
1803:
1797:
1792:
1786:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1768:
1765:(5500–4500 BC)
1764:
1756:
1741:(6000–4800 BC)
1740:
1736:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1708:
1698:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1663:
1652:
1642:Tell el-'Oueili
1639:
1634:
1621:
1617:
1606:
1602:
1592:
1587:(7000–5000 BC)
1586:
1582:
1561:
1550:
1548:Tell Sabi Abyad
1546:
1533:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1507:
1494:
1490:
1476:
1474:Tell Sabi Abyad
1469:
1465:
1463:
1456:
1452:
1442:
1437:(8500–8000 BC)
1436:
1432:
1424:
1415:
1411:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1326:
1320:
1290:
1277:
1260:
1251:
1238:
1219:
1201:
1191:
1183:
1182:
1174:
1173:
1167:
1162:
1131:
1124:
1121:
1112:
1109:
1084:
1052:
1047:
940:
934:
927:
924:
915:
912:
903:
900:
891:
888:
879:
873:
864:
857:
848:
843:Footed bowl in
841:
832:
825:
805:Euphrates river
793:
786:
783:
774:
771:Musée du Louvre
768:
759:
749:
740:
734:
649:
641:Southern Levant
607:recent work at
587:
586:
585:
579:
573:
572:
571:
570:
564:
556:
555:
554:
548:
540:
539:
538:
532:
524:
523:
522:
516:
508:
507:
506:
500:
492:
491:
490:
484:
476:
475:
474:
468:
460:
459:
458:
452:
444:
443:
442:
436:
428:
427:
426:
420:
412:
411:
410:
404:
388:
281:hunter-gatherer
249:
221:, territory of
207:Kathleen Kenyon
198:
194:
161:
137:Hassuna culture
86:
82:
53:
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6625:
6623:
6615:
6614:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6579:
6578:
6572:
6571:
6568:
6567:
6564:
6563:
6561:
6560:
6559:
6558:
6548:
6543:
6542:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6524:Alligator drum
6516:
6515:
6514:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6493:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6472:
6471:
6470:
6460:
6455:
6454:
6453:
6451:lunar calendar
6448:
6437:
6435:
6434:Other cultural
6431:
6430:
6428:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6381:
6380:
6375:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6354:
6353:
6348:
6338:
6333:
6332:
6331:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6305:
6304:
6294:
6293:
6292:
6282:
6281:
6280:
6270:
6269:
6268:
6263:
6252:
6250:
6244:
6243:
6241:
6240:
6238:Venus figurine
6235:
6234:
6233:
6228:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6207:
6206:
6201:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6169:Megalithic art
6166:
6165:
6164:
6159:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6138:
6137:
6127:
6122:
6120:Cave paintings
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6096:
6095:
6085:
6079:
6077:
6071:
6070:
6068:
6067:
6066:
6065:
6060:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6039:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6003:
5998:
5997:
5996:
5986:
5985:
5984:
5979:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5958:
5957:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5926:
5924:
5922:Material goods
5914:
5913:
5904:
5897:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5889:
5888:
5886:
5885:
5884:
5883:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5852:
5851:
5841:
5836:
5835:
5834:
5824:
5823:
5822:
5812:
5811:
5810:
5800:
5795:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5753:
5751:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5732:
5731:
5721:
5716:
5715:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5678:
5677:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5656:
5655:
5645:
5640:
5638:Cliff dwelling
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5614:
5613:
5602:
5600:
5596:
5595:
5593:
5592:
5591:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5570:
5565:
5559:
5557:
5549:
5548:
5543:
5536:
5535:
5532:
5531:
5528:
5527:
5525:
5524:
5523:
5522:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5496:
5495:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5423:
5422:
5421:
5416:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5390:
5389:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5368:
5367:
5357:
5351:
5349:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5283:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5246:
5245:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5223:Fire hardening
5220:
5215:
5213:Clovis culture
5210:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5182:
5180:
5174:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5165:
5164:
5153:
5151:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5143:
5138:
5136:Manis Mastodon
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5080:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5068:
5067:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5036:
5031:
5030:
5029:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5015:throwing stick
5007:
5001:
4995:
4989:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4948:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4911:
4906:
4900:
4898:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4844:
4843:
4838:
4827:
4825:
4815:
4814:
4809:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4798:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4781:
4780:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4737:
4736:
4729:
4722:
4714:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4701:
4691:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4622:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4594:
4592:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4582:
4576:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4509:
4507:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4497:
4495:Xiaochangliang
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4426:
4424:
4418:
4417:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4387:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4374:
4372:Vavilov centre
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4346:
4344:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4315:Umm Dabaghiyah
4312:
4307:
4305:Tell es-Sawwan
4302:
4300:Tell Shemshara
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4275:Sha'ar HaGolan
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4235:Khirbet Hammam
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4111:
4109:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4084:Wadi Faynan 16
4081:
4076:
4074:Shkarat Msaeid
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3993:Tell es-Sultan
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3913:Boncuklu Tarla
3910:
3908:Boncuklu Höyük
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3869:
3867:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3794:
3789:
3783:
3777:
3770:
3768:
3761:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3750:(8000–6100 BP)
3748:Late Neolithic
3745:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3704:
3685:
3684:External links
3682:
3679:
3678:
3597:
3522:
3466:
3410:
3344:
3278:
3248:(9): evab194.
3226:
3169:
3127:10.1101/191569
3086:
3037:
2980:
2966:
2946:
2892:
2882:10.1101/059311
2867:
2849:
2840:
2830:
2821:
2812:
2803:
2794:
2784:
2769:
2760:
2753:
2733:
2727:Chris Scarre.
2720:
2704:
2697:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2434:
2429:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2410:Yueshi culture
2407:
2402:
2400:Baodun culture
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2375:Songze culture
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2345:Hemudu culture
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2315:Cishan culture
2312:
2310:Beixin culture
2307:
2302:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2243:Sesklo culture
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2223:Ozieri culture
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2203:Kakanj culture
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2178:Danilo culture
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2153:Butmir culture
2150:
2145:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2106:Tasian culture
2103:
2093:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2010:
2009:
1999:
1996:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1980:Succeeded by:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1967:
1958:
1951:
1950:
1940:
1934:
1920:
1914:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1892:Kul Tepe Jolfa
1889:
1883:
1871:
1860:
1856:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1828:
1821:
1812:Hadji Muhammed
1790:
1784:
1770:
1766:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1734:
1729:
1713:
1706:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1667:
1665:Sang-i Chakmak
1656:
1645:
1627:
1624:Sha'ar HaGolan
1610:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1554:
1539:
1526:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1485:
1480:
1471:
1458:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1419:
1406:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1323:
1322:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1271:
1266:
1255:
1248:
1242:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1138:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1103:
1097:Aegean Islands
1083:
1080:
1072:Cavalli-Sforza
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
991:Iberomaurusian
968:T(xT1a1,T1a2a)
933:
930:
929:
928:
925:
918:
916:
913:
906:
904:
901:
894:
892:
889:
882:
880:
874:
867:
865:
858:
851:
849:
842:
835:
833:
826:
819:
792:
789:
788:
787:
784:
777:
775:
769:
762:
760:
750:
743:
741:
735:
728:
705:climatologists
703:, a term that
692:into southern
678:Eastern Desert
648:
645:
575:
574:
566:
565:
558:
557:
550:
549:
542:
541:
534:
533:
526:
525:
518:
517:
510:
509:
502:
501:
494:
493:
486:
485:
478:
477:
470:
469:
462:
461:
454:
453:
446:
445:
438:
437:
430:
429:
422:
421:
414:
413:
406:
405:
398:
397:
391:
390:
389:
387:
384:
380:history of art
248:
245:
163:
162:
160:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
123:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
97:
91:
90:
79:
75:
74:
69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
42: 7500 BC
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6624:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6584:
6582:
6557:
6554:
6553:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6521:
6520:
6517:
6513:
6510:
6509:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6477:
6476:
6473:
6469:
6466:
6465:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6443:
6442:
6439:
6438:
6436:
6432:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6410:Simple dolmen
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6395:Passage grave
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6370:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6343:
6342:
6341:Gallery grave
6339:
6337:
6334:
6330:
6327:
6326:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6303:
6300:
6299:
6298:
6295:
6291:
6288:
6287:
6286:
6283:
6279:
6276:
6275:
6274:
6271:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6258:
6257:
6256:Burial mounds
6254:
6253:
6251:
6249:
6245:
6239:
6236:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6223:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6216:Statue menhir
6214:
6212:
6209:
6205:
6204:Stone carving
6202:
6200:
6197:
6196:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6154:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6136:
6133:
6132:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6094:
6091:
6090:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6080:
6078:
6076:
6072:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6055:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6043:Sewing needle
6041:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6008:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5990:
5987:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5974:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5956:
5953:
5952:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5925:
5923:
5919:
5915:
5911:
5907:
5902:
5898:
5882:
5879:
5878:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5871:Timber circle
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5850:
5847:
5846:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5833:
5830:
5829:
5828:
5825:
5821:
5820:Tor enclosure
5818:
5817:
5816:
5813:
5809:
5808:fulacht fiadh
5806:
5805:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5784:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5754:
5752:
5748:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5699:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5654:
5651:
5650:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5612:
5609:
5608:
5607:
5604:
5603:
5601:
5597:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5560:
5558:
5554:
5550:
5546:
5541:
5537:
5521:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5432:
5429:
5428:
5427:
5424:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5411:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5388:
5385:
5384:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5366:
5363:
5362:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5352:
5350:
5348:
5344:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5188:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5179:
5175:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5158:
5155:
5154:
5152:
5148:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5077:
5073:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5044:spear-thrower
5042:
5041:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5028:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5022:Bow and arrow
5020:
5016:
5013:
5012:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5002:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4990:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4931:Grinding slab
4929:
4927:
4924:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4863:Domestication
4861:
4859:
4858:Digging stick
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4836:Founder crops
4834:
4833:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4824:
4820:
4816:
4812:
4807:
4803:
4797:
4794:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4785:
4782:
4778:
4777:New Stone Age
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4746:
4742:
4735:
4730:
4728:
4723:
4721:
4716:
4715:
4712:
4700:
4692:
4690:
4682:
4681:
4678:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4619:
4615:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4603:Halaf culture
4601:
4599:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4587:
4581:(Mesopotamia)
4580:
4577:
4575:(Mesopotamia)
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4506:
4502:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4408:
4403:
4401:
4396:
4394:
4389:
4388:
4385:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4357:Founder crops
4355:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4341:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4290:Tell Ghoraifé
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4220:Khallat Anaza
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4210:Kfar HaHoresh
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4190:Jabal Quweisa
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4106:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4069:Sheikh e-Abad
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3973:Jerf el Ahmar
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3736:
3732:
3725:
3720:
3718:
3713:
3711:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3698:
3696:
3691:
3683:
3674:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3633:PLOS Genetics
3630:
3625:
3620:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3589:
3583:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3548:(5): e95714.
3547:
3543:
3539:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3470:
3467:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3414:
3411:
3406:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3348:
3345:
3340:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3282:
3279:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3242:
3237:
3230:
3227:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3173:
3170:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3091:
3087:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3041:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2984:
2981:
2969:
2967:9788468964799
2963:
2959:
2958:
2950:
2947:
2942:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2909:PLOS Genetics
2906:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2883:
2878:
2871:
2868:
2863:
2862:metmuseum.org
2859:
2853:
2850:
2844:
2841:
2834:
2831:
2825:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2807:
2804:
2798:
2795:
2788:
2785:
2780:
2773:
2770:
2764:
2761:
2756:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2717:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2700:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2637:
2632:
2630:
2625:
2623:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2541:
2540:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2459:Chopani Mando
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2335:Xinle culture
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2325:Houli culture
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2273:Vinča culture
2271:
2269:
2268:Varna culture
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2253:Tisza culture
2251:
2249:
2248:Sopot culture
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2218:Malta Temples
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2148:Boian culture
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2121:Maadi culture
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2089:Ubaid culture
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2079:Halaf culture
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1984:
1983:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1785:
1779:
1774:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1733:
1732:Umm Dabaghiya
1730:
1728:
1718:
1711:
1707:
1705:
1697:
1696:
1693:
1683:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1643:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1625:
1620:
1616:
1615:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1600:
1591:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1537:
1532:
1531:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1479:
1475:
1468:
1462:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1441:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1370:
1369:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1318:Early Pottery
1289:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1180:
1170:
1166:
1159:
1154:
1152:
1147:
1145:
1140:
1139:
1136:
1128:
1119:
1114:
1107:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1056:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
987:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
966:(1/7; ~14%),
965:
962:(2/7; ~29%),
961:
958:(2/7; ~29%),
957:
949:
944:
939:
931:
922:
917:
910:
905:
898:
893:
886:
881:
877:
871:
866:
862:
855:
850:
846:
839:
834:
830:
823:
818:
816:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
790:
781:
776:
772:
766:
761:
757:
754:
747:
742:
739:
732:
727:
725:
723:
719:
715:
711:
706:
702:
697:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
666:
662:
658:
654:
646:
644:
642:
638:
637:Tell Ghoraifé
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
600:
596:
591:
583:
582:Mediterranean
578:
569:
553:
537:
536:Tell Judaidah
521:
520:Tell Ghoraifé
505:
489:
473:
457:
441:
425:
409:
395:
385:
383:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
312:
308:
304:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
266:
262:
258:
253:
246:
244:
242:
238:
235:
231:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
195: 10,800
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
132:Halaf culture
130:
128:
125:
124:
122:
118:
115:
112:
108:
105:
101:
98:
96:
92:
80:
76:
73:
70:
66:
63:
60:
56:
51:
47:
36:
30:
25:
19:
6351:wedge-shaped
6336:Funeral pyre
6329:Great dolmen
6285:Chamber tomb
6266:Round barrow
6221:Stone circle
6093:Blombos Cave
6021:Grooved ware
5945:Chalcolithic
5849:Thornborough
5767:Flush toilet
5702:Blombos Cave
5697:Rock shelter
5653:Quiggly hole
5545:Architecture
5520:illustration
5162:Buffalo jump
4983:Storage pits
4946:Aşıklı Höyük
4936:Ground stone
4772:Subdivisions
4699:Time periods
4590:Chalcolithic
4578:
4349:
4325:Wadi Shuʿeib
4320:Wadi Jilat 7
4295:Tell Hassuna
4180:Ibn el Ghazi
4089:Wadi Shuʿeib
4044:Netiv HaGdud
3999:Tell Qaramel
3978:Karahan Tepe
3963:Iraq ed-Dubb
3958:Göbekli Tepe
3825:(Jericho XI)
3779:
3687:
3636:
3632:
3545:
3541:
3484:
3480:
3469:
3428:
3424:
3413:
3362:
3358:
3347:
3296:
3292:
3281:
3269:. Retrieved
3265:10216/154869
3245:
3239:
3229:
3186:
3182:
3172:
3109:
3105:
3057:(1): 59–71.
3054:
3050:
3040:
2997:
2993:
2983:
2971:. Retrieved
2956:
2949:
2912:
2908:
2870:
2861:
2852:
2843:
2833:
2824:
2815:
2806:
2797:
2787:
2778:
2772:
2763:
2743:
2736:
2728:
2723:
2715:
2687:
2610:Chalcolithic
2514:Jōmon period
2350:Daxi culture
2057:
1979:
1846:
1692:Mehrgarh III
1669:
1658:
1647:
1629:
1612:
1597:
1577:
1573:Teppe Zagheh
1568:Chogha Bonut
1556:
1541:
1528:
1512:
1447:
1434:Nanzhuangtou
1425:
1421:
1417:Aşıklı Höyük
1409:Göbekli Tepe
1394:
1393:
1349:(10,500 BC)
1335:
1321:(18,000 BC)
1085:
1061:
1036:
1020:
988:
953:
794:
698:
665:Juris Zarins
650:
624:
613:Mount Hermon
603:
595:Aşıklı Höyük
552:Tell Tayinat
440:Neba'a Faour
358:
330:Beqaa Valley
326:Neba'a Faour
315:
270:
227:
199: 8,500
190:, dating to
171:
167:
166:
44:, with main
33:Area of the
18:
6373:unchambered
6368:Long barrow
6358:Grave goods
6314:Court cairn
6309:Clava cairn
6261:Bowl barrow
6199:Rock cupule
6142:Golden hats
6135:Hill figure
6036:Unstan ware
6016:Cord-marked
5881:Sweet Track
5803:Burnt mound
5724:Stilt house
5712:Sibudu Cave
5505:Tally stick
5473:Quern-stone
5458:Hammerstone
5448:Fire plough
5419:Pesse canoe
5377:Bannerstone
5347:Other tools
5260:Lithic core
5208:Aurignacian
5096:Bare Island
4978:Quern-stone
4608:Uruk period
4422:Paleolithic
4330:Zumlat Arus
4265:Mushash 163
4205:Jebel Subhi
4200:Jebel Qurma
4185:Jabal Na'ja
4170:Hallan Çemi
4099:Zumlat Arus
4059:Qermez Dere
4054:Nachcharini
4049:Nevalı Çori
3983:Tell 'Abr 3
3878:ʿAin Ghazal
3866:Pre-Pottery
3767:Pre-Pottery
2096:Nile valley
2050:Pre-Pottery
1727:Halaf-Ubaid
1682:Mehrgarh II
1654:Chogha Mish
1536:'Ain Ghazal
1464:(7500–5500)
1454:Nabta Playa
1253:Mesopotamia
756:bicephalous
753:ʿAin Ghazal
718:Amuq valley
653:'Ain Ghazal
456:'Ain Ghazal
376:portraiture
368:Middle East
346:Abu Hureyra
309:in situ at
293:rectilinear
209:during her
120:Followed by
110:Preceded by
87: 8800
50:Mesopotamia
6581:Categories
6512:trepanning
6405:Ring cairn
6363:Jar burial
6346:transepted
6278:U.S. sites
6179:Petroglyph
6105:Bird stone
6063:wine press
5736:Stone roof
5719:Roundhouse
5611:long house
5588:Stonehenge
5556:Ceremonial
5500:Stone tool
5327:Tool stone
5297:Metallurgy
5201:Mousterian
5178:Toolmaking
5116:Cumberland
5089:Transverse
5059:Schöningen
4951:Qesem cave
4919:Earth oven
4873:Irrigation
4784:Technology
4752:Prehistory
4618:Bronze Age
4460:Peking Man
4130:Ayn Jammam
4079:Shubayqa 6
4019:Tepe Asiab
3948:Ganj Dareh
3873:Abu Hudhud
3839:Wadi Rabah
2973:19 October
2669:References
2567:Metallurgy
2494:Brahmagiri
2454:Kalibangan
2449:Rakhigarhi
2427:Lahuradewa
2422:South Asia
2208:Khirokitia
2015:Mesolithic
1907:Gian Hasan
1831:Yarim Tepe
1750:Tepe Sialk
1676:Lahuradewa
1501:Mehrgarh I
1488:Ganj Dareh
1470:(7000 BC)
1461:Çatalhöyük
1457:(7500 BC)
1404:Tell Aswad
722:Ghassulian
633:Tell Ramad
629:Tell Aswad
609:Tell Aswad
504:Tell Ramad
424:Tell Aswad
334:Ain Ghazal
322:White Ware
234:Mesolithic
197: – c.
152:Khirokitia
6556:symbolism
6420:Tor cairn
6378:Grønsalen
6319:Cremation
6211:Sculpture
6189:Pictogram
6174:Petroform
5994:amber use
5962:Cosmetics
5772:Reservoir
5757:Check dam
5687:Pueblitos
5682:Pit-house
5665:Longhouse
5599:Dwellings
5468:Microlith
5399:Bow drill
5394:Bone tool
5387:prismatic
5196:Acheulean
5111:Cresswell
5084:Arrowhead
5010:Boomerang
4926:Granaries
4888:Terracing
4767:Stone Age
4505:Neolithic
4225:Kharaysin
4160:Ghuwayr 1
4155:El-Hemmeh
4140:Bestansur
4135:Ayn Rahub
4115:Abu Hamid
3995:(Jericho)
3933:Chia Sabz
3928:Chia Jani
3903:Beisamoun
3844:Yarmukian
3655:1553-7404
3509:0027-8424
3453:0036-8075
3387:1476-4687
3321:1476-4687
3189:: 15694.
3164:214727201
3024:0036-8075
2587:Megaliths
2553:(farming)
2007:Neolithic
1887:Tepe Sabz
1619:Yarmukian
1584:Peiligang
1519:Franchthi
1492:Chia Jani
1263:Khuzistan
1064:Neolithic
1045:Diffusion
1028:Anatolian
861:aragonite
797:alabaster
791:Artifacts
714:Yarmukian
597:, modern
372:ancestors
350:Euphrates
340:(western
297:limestone
265:Jerusalem
247:Lifestyle
223:Palestine
219:West Bank
180:Neolithic
95:Type site
6194:Rock art
6157:painting
6130:Geoglyph
5955:timeline
5935:Beadwork
5675:Mehrgarh
5670:Mudbrick
5578:megalith
5453:Fire-saw
5275:debitage
5270:analysis
5238:Hand axe
5218:Cupstone
4796:Glossary
4757:Timeline
4598:Daimabad
4490:Ubeidiya
4480:Solo Man
4470:Sangiran
4440:Java Man
4343:Concepts
4260:Muraybet
4245:Matarrah
4175:Hibabiya
4150:Dhuweila
4094:Yiftahel
4039:Nemrik 9
4029:Mureybet
4024:M'lefaat
3953:Gilgal I
3938:Dhuweila
3829:Nizzanim
3808:Amuq A-B
3759:Cultures
3673:24901650
3582:24806472
3542:PLOS ONE
3517:36649412
3461:36007054
3405:26595274
3339:27459054
3221:28556824
3156:29895688
3081:28938123
3032:29545507
2941:24901650
2731:, p. 77.
2489:Mundigak
2484:Burzahom
2479:Koldihwa
2469:Daimabad
2444:Bhirrana
2432:Mehrgarh
1998:See also
1961:Badarian
1943:Khazineh
1704:Faiyum A
1496:Ali Kosh
1346:Mureybet
1226:Anatolia
1095:and the
1068:Ammerman
1032:Caucasus
932:Genetics
724:culture.
710:Munhatta
676:and the
670:Harifian
625:Aswadian
617:Damascus
472:Yiftahel
338:Yiftahel
311:Yiftahel
289:naviform
241:Anatolia
186:and the
89:–6500 BC
6551:Symbols
6162:pigment
6048:Weaving
6011:Cardium
6006:Pottery
6001:Mirrors
5989:Jewelry
5930:Baskets
5910:culture
5762:Cistern
5568:Pyramid
5510:Weapons
5488:Scraper
5478:Racloir
5438:Cleaver
5426:Chopper
5332:Uniface
5243:Grooves
5233:Hafting
5191:Oldowan
5150:Systems
5101:Cascade
5064:woomera
5054:harpoon
5027:history
4993:Hunting
4973:Pottery
4914:Cooking
4823:Farming
4789:history
4762:Outline
4475:Soanian
4255:Munhata
4230:Kaukaba
4064:Sabra 1
3918:Bouqras
3834:Samarra
3818:Jarmoan
3813:Hassuna
3664:4046922
3573:4012948
3550:Bibcode
3489:Bibcode
3433:Bibcode
3425:Science
3396:4918750
3367:Bibcode
3330:5003663
3301:Bibcode
3212:5459999
3191:Bibcode
3147:6042094
3122:bioRxiv
3114:Bibcode
3072:5679310
3002:Bibcode
2994:Science
2932:4046922
2877:bioRxiv
2562:Pottery
2474:Chirand
1947:Susiana
1904:Amuq D
1874:Hassuna
1863:Hacilar
1859:Amuq C
1853:Merimde
1825:Susiana
1820:14–12)
1788:Hassuna
1783:
1773:Hacilar
1769:Amuq B
1738:Samarra
1552:Bouqras
1478:Bouqras
1467:Hacilar
1428:Pottery
1400:Jericho
1377:Jericho
1352:
1244:Middle
1240:Assyria
1076:Jericho
1003:Cardium
876:Calcite
845:granite
827:Jar in
809:Bouqras
801:granite
686:Red Sea
568:Alalakh
408:Jericho
386:Society
378:in the
348:(Upper
344:), and
342:Galilee
318:pottery
257:Jericho
217:in the
215:Jericho
100:Jericho
6529:flutes
6324:Dolmen
6248:Burial
6058:winery
6031:Linear
5861:Midden
5839:Cursus
5832:Goseck
5692:Pueblo
5643:Dugout
5628:Burdei
5307:Mining
5131:Lamoka
5126:Folsom
5106:Clovis
4963:Metate
4941:Hearth
4909:Basket
4883:Sickle
4270:Sayyeh
4165:Ginnig
4145:Byblos
4009:Tayibe
3923:Çayönü
3898:Beidha
3823:Lodian
3788:(PPNC)
3782:(PPNB)
3776:(PPNA)
3671:
3661:
3653:
3580:
3570:
3515:
3507:
3459:
3451:
3403:
3393:
3385:
3359:Nature
3337:
3327:
3319:
3293:Nature
3271:28 May
3219:
3209:
3162:
3154:
3144:
3124:
3079:
3069:
3030:
3022:
2964:
2939:
2929:
2879:
2751:
2695:
2582:Henges
2464:Jhukar
2138:Europe
1965:Naqada
1933:19–18
1913:19–17
1910:Mersin
1870:22–20
1867:Mersin
1802:19–15)
1778:Mersin
1608:Dimini
1604:Sesklo
1523:Sesklo
1413:Çayönü
1342:Gesher
1246:Tigris
1231:Khabur
1221:Levant
1207:Europe
1186:
1184:
1177:
1175:
1093:Cyprus
859:Green
674:Fayyum
657:Jordan
647:Extent
599:Turkey
364:Levant
188:Levant
104:Byblos
68:Period
6446:sites
6390:Mummy
6110:Cairn
6026:Jōmon
5977:shoes
5972:Hides
5844:Henge
5798:Broch
5660:Jacal
5515:Wheel
5463:Knife
5409:Canoe
5404:Burin
5382:Blade
5280:flake
5141:Plano
5049:baton
5039:Spear
5005:Arrow
4958:Manos
4811:Tools
4568:Ohalo
4465:Riwat
3968:Jarmo
3888:Basta
3883:Ba'ja
3858:Sites
3487:(4).
3160:S2CID
3102:(PDF)
2838:2008.
2792:2007.
2572:Wheel
2295:China
1970:Ubaid
1937:Ubaid
1929:Gawra
1923:Ubaid
1917:Ubaid
1880:Gawra
1818:Eridu
1806:Ubaid
1800:Eridu
1794:Ubaid
1781:24–22
1717:Halaf
1636:Ubaid
1563:Jarmo
1483:Jarmo
1327:10000
1291:11000
1284:China
1279:India
1274:Indus
1217:Syria
1212:Egypt
956:E1b1b
690:Syria
682:Egypt
285:flint
203:typed
78:Dates
6539:gudi
6297:Cist
6226:list
6053:Wine
5982:Ötzi
5967:Glue
5940:Beds
5908:and
5906:Arts
5777:Well
5633:Cave
5563:Kiva
5493:side
5483:Rope
5431:tool
5365:bone
5355:Adze
5121:Eden
5034:Nets
4904:Fire
4868:Goad
4853:Celt
4108:Late
3801:Late
3669:PMID
3651:ISSN
3578:PMID
3513:PMID
3505:ISSN
3457:PMID
3449:ISSN
3401:PMID
3383:ISSN
3335:PMID
3317:ISSN
3273:2024
3217:PMID
3152:PMID
3077:PMID
3051:Cell
3028:PMID
3020:ISSN
2975:2017
2962:ISBN
2937:PMID
2749:ISBN
2693:ISBN
2005:The
1956:3800
1899:4500
1876:Late
1842:4800
1757:5200
1710:Amuq
1699:5600
1593:6000
1508:6500
1443:7000
1389:8000
1372:9000
1269:Iran
1258:Iran
1070:and
982:and
751:The
712:and
694:Iraq
635:and
615:and
230:PPNA
178:, a
172:PPNB
5648:Hut
5583:row
5414:Oar
5372:Axe
5360:Awl
3659:PMC
3641:doi
3568:PMC
3558:doi
3497:doi
3485:120
3441:doi
3429:377
3391:PMC
3375:doi
3363:528
3325:PMC
3309:doi
3297:536
3260:hdl
3250:doi
3207:PMC
3199:doi
3142:PMC
3132:doi
3110:115
3067:PMC
3059:doi
3055:171
3010:doi
2998:360
2927:PMC
2917:doi
1882:20
1250:Low
799:or
680:of
655:in
263:in
213:at
6583::
3667:.
3657:.
3649:.
3637:10
3635:.
3631:.
3600:^
3576:.
3566:.
3556:.
3544:.
3540:.
3525:^
3511:.
3503:.
3495:.
3483:.
3479:.
3455:.
3447:.
3439:.
3427:.
3423:.
3399:.
3389:.
3381:.
3373:.
3361:.
3357:.
3333:.
3323:.
3315:.
3307:.
3295:.
3291:.
3258:.
3246:13
3244:.
3238:.
3215:.
3205:.
3197:.
3185:.
3181:.
3158:.
3150:.
3140:.
3130:.
3120:.
3108:.
3104:.
3089:^
3075:.
3065:.
3053:.
3049:.
3026:.
3018:.
3008:.
2996:.
2992:.
2935:.
2925:.
2913:10
2911:.
2907:.
2895:^
2887:–
2860:.
2707:^
2677:^
2608:↓
2056:,
2013:↑
1972:4
1949:B
1939:3
1919:3
1827:A
1712:A
1644:)
1626:)
1538:)
1265:)
1202:BC
1099:.
1030:,
986:.
980:L3
976:N*
972:H2
960:CT
815:.
696:.
382:.
354:BP
336:,
299:.
243:.
225:.
192:c.
102:,
84:c.
39:c.
37:,
4733:e
4726:t
4719:v
4406:e
4399:t
4392:v
3723:e
3716:t
3709:v
3675:.
3643::
3595:.
3584:.
3560::
3552::
3546:9
3519:.
3499::
3491::
3463:.
3443::
3435::
3407:.
3377::
3369::
3341:.
3311::
3303::
3262::
3252::
3223:.
3201::
3193::
3187:8
3166:.
3134::
3116::
3083:.
3061::
3034:.
3012::
3004::
2977:.
2943:.
2919::
2885:.
2864:.
2757:.
2701:.
2635:e
2628:t
2621:v
2060:)
2058:B
2054:A
2052:(
1931:)
1927:(
1925:3
1816:(
1814:)
1810:(
1808:2
1798:(
1796:1
1640:(
1638:0
1622:(
1534:(
1430:)
1426:(
1276:/
1261:(
1157:e
1150:t
1143:v
984:K
328:(
267:.
170:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
