1383:, the belief that the nation-state is the best vehicle to realise the aspirations of a people, became popular in the late 19th century. A characteristic of nationalism is an identity with a larger region such as an area sharing a common language and culture. With this development, principalities fell out of favour. As a compromise, many principalities united with neighbouring regions and adopted constitutional forms of government, with the monarch acting as a mere figurehead while administration was left in the hands of elected parliaments. The trend in the 19th and 20th centuries was the abolition of various forms of monarchy and the creation of republican governments led by popularly elected presidents.
1291:
1031:
138:
50:
91:
1260:
and social system in much of Europe. Feudalism increased the power of local princes within a king's lands. As princes continued to gain more power over time, the authority of the king was diminished in many places. This led to political fragmentation as the king's lands were broken into mini-states
1281:
also reduced the power of principalities to survive independently. Eventually, agricultural progress and development of new trade goods and services boosted commerce between principalities. Many of these states became wealthy, expanded their territories and improved the services provided to their
1276:
from 1200 to 1500, principalities were often at war with each other as royal houses asserted sovereignty over smaller principalities. These wars caused a great deal of instability and economies were destroyed. Episodes of
1282:
citizens. Princes and dukes developed their lands, established new ports and chartered large thriving cities. Some used their new-found wealth to build palaces and other institutions now associated with sovereign states.
1515:
and neighbouring or associated (e.g., Arabian) princely states were ruled by monarchs called
Princes by the British, regardless of the native styles, which could be equivalent to royal or even imperial rank in the
1119:, but in some occasions were rather territories in respect of which a princely title is held. The prince's estate and wealth may be located mainly or wholly outside the geographical confines of the principality.
1360:
However, in the 17th to 19th centuries, especially within the Holy Roman Empire, the reverse was also occurring: many new small sovereign states arose as a result of transfers of land for various reasons.
1456:
and empires flourished for several centuries in
Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Cambodia and Vietnam. The influence of Indian culture into these areas was given the term
3477:
1181:(1701-1714), when these institutions were abolished by the Bourbons due to their support for the Habsburg pretender. "Principality of Asturias" is the official name of autonomous community of
1701:
1165:
was a state located in the north-eastern area of the
Iberian Peninsula and southern France between the late 12th and early 18th centuries, as the term for the political entity ruled by the
1309:
While some principalities prospered in their independence, less successful states were swallowed by stronger royal houses. Europe saw consolidation of small principalities into larger
3457:
1192:
The term "principality" is also sometimes used generically for any small monarchy, especially for small sovereign states ruled by a monarch of a lesser rank than a king, such as a
1059:
1231:
perfectly, the
European historical tradition is to reserve that word for native monarchies in colonial countries, and to apply "principality" to the European monarchies.
1694:
2115:
1561:
have few characteristics of sovereign states and are not recognized as such, more or less seriously claim the status of sovereign principalities. Examples are
3472:
1185:, however, the term "Principality of Catalonia" or simply "Principality" remains in popular and informal contexts to refer to the autonomous community of
1724:
3513:
2846:
1687:
276:
112:
99:
1295:
490:
1052:
2752:
1208:
is a surviving example of a sovereign grand duchy. Historically there have been sovereign principalities with many styles of ruler, such as
2966:
2004:
3498:
2971:
2399:
1903:
2898:
2065:
1481:
1045:
2784:
2732:
2641:
1643:
239:
221:
77:
2921:
2861:
2821:
2727:
2705:
2489:
2144:
2139:
1810:
1266:
2986:
2747:
1911:
930:
3428:
2981:
2230:
2161:
1497:
737:
692:
159:
202:
3280:
2355:
1397:
Several principalities where genealogical inheritance is replaced by succession in a religious office have existed in the
1178:
563:
155:
63:
31:
174:
3098:
2905:
2717:
2695:
2255:
2132:
1971:
1424:
Some of these instances were merely religious offices without sovereign power over any territory, while others, such as
2841:
2586:
1493:
757:
272:
1261:
ruled by princes and dukes who wielded absolute power over their small territories. This was especially prevalent in
181:
2956:
2467:
2055:
1578:
1477:
578:
148:
104:
3156:
3128:
2946:
2710:
2462:
2075:
1425:
1162:
3161:
2926:
2267:
1944:
328:
188:
3508:
3208:
2769:
2629:
2607:
2372:
1964:
1711:
1570:
1562:
1489:
1429:
986:
553:
1401:, in each case consisting of a feudal polity (often a former secular principality in the broad sense) held
3285:
3121:
3116:
2646:
2484:
2384:
2120:
2040:
1147:
1001:
568:
1464:
defined it as the expansion of an organized culture that was framed upon Indian originations of royalty,
170:
3381:
2617:
2301:
2285:
2245:
2235:
2070:
1934:
1916:
1762:
1538:
1511:
was used, especially for those that came under the sway of a
European colonising power: for example the
1398:
1143:
996:
859:
456:
3348:
2240:
1800:
1418:
1406:
1679:
1290:
3356:
3193:
2851:
2779:
2474:
2432:
2320:
2250:
2225:
2012:
1959:
1772:
1767:
920:
829:
786:
573:
338:
3467:
3188:
3176:
3111:
3106:
2826:
2612:
2496:
2379:
2262:
2195:
2087:
2045:
1885:
1582:
1517:
1453:
1318:
1170:
558:
343:
318:
3503:
3230:
3218:
2866:
2856:
2479:
2457:
2362:
2326:
2220:
2107:
2097:
2082:
1939:
1872:
1639:
1633:
1485:
1303:
1221:
1151:
1103:, or by a monarch with another title considered to fall under the generic meaning of the term
991:
712:
543:
495:
323:
256:
69:
3275:
3073:
2636:
2542:
2295:
2179:
2050:
2030:
1994:
1867:
1777:
1501:
1273:
1146:
existed in the northern and western areas of Wales between the 13th and 16th centuries; the
824:
747:
717:
591:
333:
313:
1321:
in the first millennium, and this trend subsequently led to the creation of such states as
3462:
3323:
2951:
2654:
2557:
2501:
2438:
2409:
2394:
2174:
2169:
2127:
2092:
1892:
1857:
1832:
1508:
1473:
1445:
1174:
1088:
1035:
1008:
864:
854:
651:
548:
195:
3255:
2794:
2762:
2624:
2562:
2552:
2547:
2367:
2333:
2201:
2151:
2102:
1795:
1278:
1228:
1166:
1135:
1013:
944:
849:
682:
596:
1030:
3492:
2976:
2816:
2578:
2427:
2290:
2060:
2035:
1878:
1607:
1512:
1461:
1410:
1299:
1155:
1123:
900:
795:
697:
687:
528:
3376:
3368:
3363:
3328:
2836:
2742:
2212:
1862:
1838:
1824:
1757:
1602:
1414:
1245:
1116:
949:
876:
870:
844:
839:
815:
742:
631:
451:
375:
3270:
1364:
Notable principalities existed until the early 20th century in various regions of
3447:
Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in
3183:
2996:
2941:
2804:
2799:
2789:
2524:
2519:
2417:
2389:
1954:
1949:
1816:
1554:
1380:
1249:
1213:
954:
939:
881:
752:
616:
415:
410:
390:
380:
370:
137:
2883:
2422:
2277:
1976:
1449:
1441:
1353:. They then appointed family members as princes and assured their protection.
1205:
1197:
959:
915:
910:
905:
891:
732:
523:
405:
400:
264:
38:
3302:
3260:
3235:
3093:
3048:
2936:
2878:
2700:
2449:
1590:
1566:
1392:
1253:
1209:
1186:
1084:
762:
656:
646:
641:
626:
621:
611:
485:
446:
435:
430:
420:
385:
353:
297:
292:
3338:
3333:
90:
1244:
Though principalities existed in antiquity, even before the height of the
3398:
3292:
3143:
3088:
3058:
2888:
2811:
2722:
2534:
2312:
2022:
1469:
1465:
1342:
1326:
1310:
1257:
1193:
1182:
1139:
1100:
1081:
834:
395:
365:
308:
17:
1533:
Principalities have also existed in ancient and modern civilizations of
3393:
3318:
3148:
3138:
3078:
2991:
2961:
2893:
2774:
1986:
1787:
1612:
1542:
1365:
1357:
also later expanded by acquiring the territories of many other states.
1354:
1196:(usually translated in English as "prince"), as in Liechtenstein, or a
1131:
1092:
636:
473:
463:
1409:, styled more precisely according to his ecclesiastical rank, such as
3423:
3413:
3408:
3343:
3297:
3213:
3083:
3068:
3063:
3053:
2737:
2344:
1926:
1586:
1534:
1350:
1338:
1322:
1314:
1262:
1127:
1096:
800:
3168:
3418:
3403:
3388:
3265:
3250:
3240:
3225:
3203:
3198:
3133:
2931:
2873:
2757:
1574:
1405:— the closest possible equivalent to hereditary succession — by a
1369:
1346:
1334:
1330:
1289:
1201:
3245:
2511:
1849:
1217:
3025:
2677:
1739:
1722:
1683:
3043:
131:
84:
43:
1122:
Generally recognised surviving sovereign principalities are
1432:, shared some of the characteristics of secular princes.
1248:, the principality as it is known today developed in the
1673:
Krishna
Chandra Sagar, 2002, An Era of Peace, Page 52.
1345:, the Medici took control of governments in various
1333:. Another form of consolidation was orchestrated in
1154:
removed the distinction between those areas and the
3311:
3036:
2914:
2688:
2597:
2571:
2533:
2510:
2448:
2408:
2343:
2311:
2276:
2211:
2188:
2160:
2021:
2003:
1985:
1925:
1902:
1848:
1823:
1809:
1786:
1750:
1227:While the preceding definition would seem to fit a
162:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1115:Most of these states have historically been a
1695:
1573:, internationally considered a small town in
1053:
8:
1417:or, especially as a form of crusader state,
3473:List of administrative divisions by country
1177:, until the defeat of the Habsburgs in the
78:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3033:
3022:
2685:
2674:
1747:
1736:
1732:
1719:
1702:
1688:
1680:
1060:
1046:
980:
782:
516:
288:
251:
277:List of countries by system of government
240:Learn how and when to remove this message
222:Learn how and when to remove this message
115:of all important aspects of the article.
1663:. Australian National University Press.
1661:The Indianized States of Southeast Asia
1624:
929:
890:
814:
785:
708:
665:
587:
519:
472:
429:
352:
291:
262:
1589:, internationally considered to be in
111:Please consider expanding the lead to
1091:, ruled or reigned over by a regnant-
7:
1169:(the parliament) as a member of the
160:adding citations to reliable sources
1440:Prior to the European colonialism,
27:Monarchical state ruled by a prince
1507:In the colonial context, the term
25:
1138:styled as principalities include
59:This article has multiple issues.
3514:Types of administrative division
2490:Organized incorporated territory
1565:, a former military fort in the
1448:were under the influence of the
1267:Princes of the Holy Roman Empire
1029:
136:
89:
48:
3478:Slavic administrative divisions
1317:. This had already happened in
147:needs additional citations for
103:may be too short to adequately
67:or discuss these issues on the
3027:Non-English terms or loanwords
2231:Direct-controlled municipality
1638:. Cambridge University Press.
1341:family. A banking family from
1337:during the Renaissance by the
738:Intergovernmental organisation
693:Separation of church and state
113:provide an accessible overview
1:
2356:Special administrative region
1387:Ecclesiastical principalities
1349:regions and even assumed the
1179:War of the Spanish Succession
1130:, and the co-principality of
32:Principality (disambiguation)
2256:Mountain resort municipality
2133:Intermediate school district
2116:Educational service district
1972:Regional county municipality
1632:Jenkins, Geraint H. (2007).
1549:Micronational principalities
1265:, and particularly with the
535:(socio-political ideologies)
37:Not to be confused with the
2587:Autonomous territorial unit
1150:which legally incorporated
603:(socio-economic ideologies)
273:List of forms of government
3530:
3499:Constitutional state types
2468:National capital territory
2189:Indian reserve/reservation
2056:Indian government district
1710:Designations for types of
1635:A Concise History of Wales
1476:. This can be seen in the
1390:
1252:between 750 and 1450 when
36:
29:
3458:Autonomous administration
3445:
3032:
3021:
2684:
2673:
2463:Federal capital territory
2076:Non-metropolitan district
2066:Local government district
1746:
1735:
1731:
1718:
1454:Indianized principalities
1163:Principality of Catalonia
724:(geo-cultural ideologies)
2268:Specialized municipality
1945:Consolidated city-county
1302:prior to the end of the
1220:, especially within the
41:during the Roman Empire.
2630:Military exclusion zone
2608:Exclusive economic zone
2373:National capital region
1965:Non-metropolitan county
1712:administrative division
1659:Coedes, George (1967).
987:Administrative division
931:International relations
2647:Self-administered zone
2485:Incorporated territory
2352:Administrative region
2121:Local service district
2041:Congressional district
1306:
1204:currently exists, but
1148:Laws in Wales Act 1535
2618:Special economic zone
2302:Praetorian prefecture
2286:Autonomous prefecture
2246:Regional municipality
2236:District municipality
2071:Metropolitan district
1935:Administrative county
1917:Residential community
1763:Local government area
1539:Pre-Columbian America
1399:Roman Catholic Church
1293:
1144:Principality of Wales
997:Democratic transition
860:Self-governing colony
457:Military dictatorship
3209:Njësi administrative
2241:Neutral municipality
2180:Subdivision of India
1912:Autonomous community
1801:Metropolitan borough
1741:Common English terms
1524:Other principalities
1488:also influenced the
1407:prince of the church
1152:Wales within England
156:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
2852:Autonomous republic
2780:Enclave and exclave
2679:Other English terms
2475:Dependent territory
2321:Autonomous province
2251:Resort municipality
2226:County municipality
2013:Overseas department
1960:Metropolitan county
1773:Unincorporated area
1036:Politics portal
921:Supranational union
830:Dependent territory
743:National government
3468:Electoral district
2785:Federal dependency
2613:Free economic zone
2497:Overseas territory
2380:Development region
2263:Rural municipality
2196:Indian reservation
2088:Municipal district
2046:Electoral district
1886:Free imperial city
1583:Principality of Wy
1478:spread of Hinduism
1307:
1171:composite monarchy
1095:with the title of
1080:) can either be a
3486:
3485:
3441:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3005:
3004:
2669:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2583:Territorial unit
2480:Federal territory
2458:Capital territory
2363:Autonomous region
2327:Overseas province
2221:City municipality
2112:Service district
2108:Sanitary district
2098:Regional district
2083:Military district
1940:Autonomous county
1873:Incorporated city
1486:Indian honorifics
1452:, where numerous
1304:Holy Roman Empire
1298:, last prince of
1222:Holy Roman Empire
1070:
1069:
1021:
1020:
992:Democracy indices
967:
966:
770:
769:
579:Semi-presidential
504:
503:
250:
249:
242:
232:
231:
224:
206:
130:
129:
82:
16:(Redirected from
3521:
3074:Regierungsbezirk
3034:
3023:
2686:
2675:
2637:Free speech zone
2543:Charter township
2296:Super-prefecture
2140:Special district
2051:Federal district
2031:Capital district
1995:Overseas country
1868:Independent city
1839:Imperial capital
1778:Unorganized area
1748:
1737:
1733:
1720:
1704:
1697:
1690:
1681:
1674:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1629:
1474:Sanskrit dialect
1274:Late Middle Ages
1256:was the primary
1062:
1055:
1048:
1034:
1033:
981:
825:Associated state
783:
758:Internationalism
748:World government
725:
604:
536:
517:
491:Free association
478:
439:
358:
301:
289:
252:
245:
238:
227:
220:
216:
213:
207:
205:
164:
140:
132:
125:
122:
116:
93:
85:
74:
52:
51:
44:
21:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3463:Census division
3433:
3307:
3028:
3001:
2952:Imperial Circle
2910:
2680:
2661:
2655:Free-trade zone
2593:
2567:
2558:Survey township
2529:
2506:
2502:Union territory
2444:
2439:Sovereign state
2404:
2395:Overseas region
2339:
2307:
2272:
2207:
2198:(United States)
2184:
2175:Police division
2170:Census division
2156:
2128:School district
2093:Police district
2017:
1999:
1981:
1921:
1898:
1893:Royal free city
1858:Autonomous city
1844:
1833:Federal capital
1819:
1805:
1782:
1742:
1727:
1714:
1708:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1646:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1599:
1551:
1531:
1526:
1509:princely states
1446:South East Asia
1438:
1395:
1389:
1378:
1288:
1242:
1237:
1200:. No sovereign
1175:Crown of Aragon
1134:. Extant royal
1113:
1089:sovereign state
1066:
1028:
1023:
1022:
1009:Democratisation
1002:Autocratization
978:
970:
969:
968:
925:
886:
865:Tributary state
855:Satellite state
810:
780:
779:Power structure
772:
771:
723:
722:
704:
675:
661:
652:Totalitarianism
602:
601:
583:
534:
533:
514:
506:
505:
500:
476:
468:
433:
425:
356:
348:
295:
286:
285:Source of power
263:Basic forms of
257:Politics series
246:
235:
234:
233:
228:
217:
211:
208:
165:
163:
153:
141:
126:
120:
117:
110:
98:This article's
94:
53:
49:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3527:
3525:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3509:Principalities
3506:
3501:
3491:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3289:
3288:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3171:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3040:
3038:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3019:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2918:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2703:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2671:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2625:Exclusion zone
2622:
2621:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2604:Economic zone
2601:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2563:Urban township
2560:
2555:
2553:Paper township
2550:
2548:Civil township
2545:
2539:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2516:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2465:
2454:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2414:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2368:Capital region
2365:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2349:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2334:Roman province
2330:
2323:
2317:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2282:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2217:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2202:Indian reserve
2199:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2166:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2152:Urban district
2149:
2148:
2147:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2110:
2105:
2103:Rural district
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2027:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2009:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1908:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1854:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1835:
1829:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1796:County borough
1792:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1754:
1752:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1716:
1715:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1684:
1676:
1675:
1666:
1651:
1644:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1598:
1595:
1550:
1547:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1513:British Indian
1437:
1434:
1388:
1385:
1377:
1374:
1296:Johann I Josef
1287:
1284:
1279:bubonic plague
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1229:princely state
1167:Catalan Courts
1156:March of Wales
1136:primogenitures
1112:
1109:
1076:(or sometimes
1068:
1067:
1065:
1064:
1057:
1050:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1025:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1014:Hybrid regimes
1011:
1006:
1005:
1004:
994:
989:
979:
976:
975:
972:
971:
965:
964:
963:
962:
957:
952:
947:
945:Regional power
942:
934:
933:
927:
926:
924:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
895:
894:
888:
887:
885:
884:
879:
874:
867:
862:
857:
852:
850:Puppet monarch
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
819:
818:
812:
811:
809:
808:
803:
798:
790:
789:
781:
778:
777:
774:
773:
768:
767:
766:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
727:
726:
721:
720:
715:
709:
706:
705:
703:
702:
701:
700:
695:
685:
683:State religion
677:
676:
674:
673:
670:
666:
663:
662:
660:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
606:
605:
600:
599:
594:
588:
585:
584:
582:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
554:Constitutional
551:
546:
538:
537:
532:
531:
526:
520:
515:
513:Power ideology
512:
511:
508:
507:
502:
501:
499:
498:
493:
488:
480:
479:
477:(rule by none)
470:
469:
467:
466:
461:
460:
459:
449:
441:
440:
427:
426:
424:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
360:
359:
350:
349:
347:
346:
341:
336:
331:
329:Representative
326:
321:
316:
311:
303:
302:
287:
284:
283:
280:
279:
268:
267:
260:
259:
248:
247:
230:
229:
171:"Principality"
144:
142:
135:
128:
127:
107:the key points
97:
95:
88:
83:
57:
56:
54:
47:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3526:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3444:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3310:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3153:Kommun/Kunta
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3024:
3020:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2977:Roman diocese
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2913:
2907:
2904:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2817:Neighbourhood
2815:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2696:Alpine resort
2694:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2676:
2672:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2579:Regional unit
2577:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2428:Federal state
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2291:Subprefecture
2289:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2061:Land district
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2036:City district
2034:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1879:Imperial city
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1725:English terms
1721:
1717:
1713:
1705:
1700:
1698:
1693:
1691:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1670:
1667:
1662:
1655:
1652:
1647:
1645:9780521823678
1641:
1637:
1636:
1628:
1625:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1608:Victory title
1606:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1528:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1462:George Coedes
1459:
1458:indianization
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1411:prince-bishop
1408:
1404:
1400:
1394:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1305:
1301:
1300:Liechtenstein
1297:
1292:
1286:Consolidation
1285:
1283:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1142:(Spain). The
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1124:Liechtenstein
1120:
1118:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1026:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1000:
999:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
984:
983:
982:
974:
973:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
937:
936:
935:
932:
928:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
901:Confederation
899:
898:
897:
896:
893:
889:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
872:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
822:
821:
820:
817:
813:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
796:Unitary state
794:
793:
792:
791:
788:
784:
776:
775:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
730:
729:
728:
719:
716:
714:
711:
710:
707:
699:
698:State atheism
696:
694:
691:
690:
689:
688:Secular state
686:
684:
681:
680:
679:
678:
671:
668:
667:
664:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
609:
608:
607:
598:
595:
593:
592:Authoritarian
590:
589:
586:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
569:Parliamentary
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
541:
540:
539:
530:
527:
525:
522:
521:
518:
510:
509:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
483:
482:
481:
475:
471:
465:
462:
458:
455:
454:
453:
450:
448:
445:
444:
443:
442:
437:
432:
428:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
363:
362:
361:
357:(rule by few)
355:
351:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
306:
305:
304:
299:
294:
290:
282:
281:
278:
275:
274:
270:
269:
266:
261:
258:
254:
253:
244:
241:
226:
223:
215:
204:
201:
197:
194:
190:
187:
183:
180:
176:
173: –
172:
168:
167:Find sources:
161:
157:
151:
150:
145:This article
143:
139:
134:
133:
124:
121:February 2013
114:
108:
106:
101:
96:
92:
87:
86:
81:
79:
72:
71:
66:
65:
60:
55:
46:
45:
40:
33:
19:
3448:
3369:Maalaiskunta
3329:Heerlijkheid
3169:Län (Sweden)
2837:Protectorate
2832:Principality
2831:
2753:Constituency
2642:Neutral zone
2437:
2332:
2325:
2300:
2213:Municipality
1891:
1884:
1877:
1863:Charter city
1837:
1768:Special area
1758:Insular area
1669:
1660:
1654:
1634:
1627:
1603:Grand prince
1558:
1555:micronations
1552:
1532:
1506:
1504:honorifics.
1457:
1439:
1423:
1419:grand master
1415:prince-abbot
1402:
1396:
1379:
1363:
1359:
1308:
1271:
1246:Roman Empire
1243:
1226:
1191:
1160:
1121:
1114:
1104:
1077:
1074:principality
1073:
1071:
950:Middle power
877:Vassal state
871:Buffer state
869:
845:Puppet state
840:Protectorate
816:Client state
806:Principality
805:
632:Distributism
574:Presidential
452:Dictatorship
376:Gerontocracy
298:rule by many
271:
255:Part of the
236:
218:
209:
199:
192:
185:
178:
166:
154:Please help
149:verification
146:
118:
102:
100:lead section
75:
68:
62:
61:Please help
58:
3364:Landskommun
3256:Savivaldybė
3122:Switzerland
3117:South Tyrol
2997:Viceroyalty
2790:Governorate
2748:Condominium
2651:Trade zone
2525:Market town
2520:Census town
2418:Proto-state
2390:Microregion
1955:County town
1950:County seat
1817:Half-canton
1381:Nationalism
1376:Nationalism
1272:During the
1250:Middle Ages
1240:Development
1214:Margraviate
1111:Terminology
1082:monarchical
955:Great power
940:Small power
882:Viceroyalty
753:Nationalism
617:Colonialism
597:Libertarian
559:Directorial
436:rule by one
416:Technocracy
411:Stratocracy
391:Meritocracy
381:Kleptocracy
371:Aristocracy
212:August 2010
3493:Categories
3312:Historical
3276:Shahrestān
3219:Autonomous
2967:Presidency
2915:Historical
2884:Suzerainty
2867:Autonomous
2711:Autonomous
2433:Free state
2423:City-state
2385:Mesoregion
2278:Prefecture
2005:Department
1619:References
1579:Hutt River
1520:cultures.
1518:Indigenous
1502:Indonesian
1450:Indosphere
1442:South Asia
1403:ex officio
1391:See also:
1206:Luxembourg
1198:Grand Duke
960:Superpower
916:Superstate
911:Federation
906:Devolution
892:Federalism
733:City-state
406:Plutocracy
401:Particracy
265:government
182:newspapers
64:improve it
39:Principate
3353:Landskap
3349:Län/Lääni
3303:Vingtaine
3271:Seniūnija
3261:Selsoviet
3236:Poblacion
3173:Landskap
3103:Gemeinde
3094:Freguesia
3049:Apskritis
2972:Residency
2937:Exarchate
2879:Sultanate
2770:Eldership
2701:Bailiwick
2450:Territory
2400:Subregion
2145:in the US
1977:Viscounty
1904:Community
1591:Australia
1567:North Sea
1393:Hochstift
1254:feudalism
1216:and even
1210:Countship
1187:Catalonia
1085:feudatory
1078:princedom
787:Unitarism
763:Globalism
669:Religious
657:Tribalism
647:Socialism
642:Feudalism
627:Despotism
622:Communism
612:Anarchism
549:Communist
496:Stateless
486:Anarchism
447:Despotism
431:Autocracy
421:Theocracy
386:Kritarchy
354:Oligarchy
339:Socialist
293:Democracy
105:summarize
70:talk page
18:Princedom
3504:Monarchy
3454:See also
3189:Maakunta
3184:Località
3129:Gemeente
3089:Frazione
3059:Barangay
2889:Townland
2827:Precinct
2812:Muftiate
2763:District
2723:Cadastre
2535:Township
2313:Province
2204:(Canada)
2162:Division
2023:District
1597:See also
1559:de facto
1557:, which
1553:Several
1498:Filipino
1482:Buddhism
1472:and the
1470:Buddhism
1466:Hinduism
1426:Salzburg
1343:Florence
1327:Portugal
1311:kingdoms
1258:economic
1235:European
1218:Lordship
1183:Asturias
1140:Asturias
1101:princess
835:Dominion
564:Legalist
544:Absolute
529:Republic
524:Monarchy
396:Noocracy
366:Anocracy
319:Economic
309:Demarchy
3449:italics
3409:Satrapy
3394:Pargana
3319:Commote
3177:Finland
3157:Finland
3149:Kampong
3139:Hromada
3112:Germany
3107:Austria
3079:Comarca
3037:Current
2992:Tithing
2962:Monthon
2947:Hundred
2894:Village
2847:Regency
2842:Quarter
2775:Emirate
2743:Commune
2733:Circuit
2689:Current
1987:Country
1825:Capital
1788:Borough
1613:Emirate
1571:Seborga
1563:Sealand
1543:Oceania
1366:Germany
1355:Prussia
1347:Italian
1319:England
1315:empires
1294:Prince
1173:of the
1132:Andorra
1099:and/or
1093:monarch
977:Related
672:Secular
637:Fascism
474:Anarchy
464:Tyranny
324:Liberal
196:scholar
3424:Syssel
3414:Socken
3382:Greece
3357:Sweden
3344:Korale
3339:Köping
3334:Komunë
3298:Tehsil
3214:Oblast
3162:Sweden
3084:Comune
3069:Bezirk
3064:Bashki
3054:Bakhsh
2927:Barony
2922:Agency
2899:Summer
2862:Sector
2857:Riding
2822:Parish
2795:Hamlet
2738:Colony
2728:Circle
2706:Banner
2345:Region
1927:County
1811:Canton
1642:
1587:Mosman
1577:; and
1535:Africa
1430:Durham
1351:papacy
1339:Medici
1329:, and
1323:France
1263:Europe
1128:Monaco
1117:polity
1105:prince
1097:prince
801:Empire
713:Global
344:Others
334:Social
314:Direct
198:
191:
184:
177:
169:
3419:Subah
3404:Rreth
3399:Plasă
3389:Pagus
3377:Egypt
3373:Nome
3293:Sýsla
3286:China
3266:Sitio
3251:Raion
3241:Purok
3231:Ostān
3226:Okrug
3204:Mukim
3199:Muban
3194:Megye
3144:Județ
3134:Gmina
2987:Tenth
2957:March
2932:Burgh
2874:Shire
2805:Royal
2800:Manor
2758:Duchy
2718:Block
2410:State
1575:Italy
1529:Other
1490:Malay
1370:Italy
1335:Italy
1331:Spain
1202:duchy
1194:Fürst
1087:or a
718:Local
203:JSTOR
189:books
3429:Zhou
3246:Qark
2982:Seat
2942:Hide
2906:Ward
2598:Zone
2572:Unit
2512:Town
1850:City
1751:Area
1640:ISBN
1581:and
1541:and
1500:and
1494:Thai
1480:and
1468:and
1444:and
1436:Asia
1428:and
1368:and
1313:and
1161:The
175:news
3324:Gau
3281:Sum
3044:Amt
1585:in
1158:.
158:by
3495::
3451:.
3099:Fu
1593:.
1569:;
1545:.
1537:,
1496:,
1492:,
1484:.
1460:.
1421:.
1413:,
1372:.
1325:,
1269:.
1224:.
1212:,
1189:.
1126:,
1107:.
1072:A
73:.
1703:e
1696:t
1689:v
1648:.
1061:e
1054:t
1047:v
438:)
434:(
300:)
296:(
243:)
237:(
225:)
219:(
214:)
210:(
200:·
193:·
186:·
179:·
152:.
123:)
119:(
109:.
80:)
76:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
