828:
106:
1910:
1673:
128:
1987:
77:
84:
148:
1536:
1699:
2056:
1918:
century. The society became more homogeneous: the local Slavic and other populations merged with the
Hungarians. The Hungarian tribal leaders and their clans established fortified centers in the country and later their castles became centers of the counties. The whole system of Hungarian villages developed in the 10th century.
1917:
Due to changed economic circumstances, insufficient pasturage to support a nomadic society and the impossibility of moving on, the semi-nomadic
Hungarian lifestyle began to change and the Magyars adopted a settled life and turned to agriculture, though the start of this change can be dated to the 8th
2214:
Some historians believe that Prince ĂrpĂĄd's people were Turkic speakers and the
Magyars had been in the Basin since 680s. Their main argument is that the newcomers' cemeteries are too small, indicating that the population was not big enough to make Magyar the dominant language in the Basin. However,
1949:
was the main enemy of the
Hungarians. The Byzantine expansion threatened the Hungarians, since the subjugated First Bulgarian Empire was allied with the Magyars at that time. The situation became more difficult for the principality when the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire made an alliance
2205:
may imply that the prelates and nobles lived in stone houses as early as the 10th century. Muslim geographers mentioned that
Hungarians lived in tents. Beside tents, the common people lived in pit-dwellings, though there is archaeological proof of the appearance of multi-roomed and wood-and-stone
2196:
There are various estimates of the size of the country's population in the 10th century, ranging from 250,000 to 1.5 million in 900 AD. There is no archaeological evidence that the
Hungarian nobles lived in castles in the 10th century. Archaeology revealed only one fortified building dated to the
2106:
the oldest members of the ruling clan inherited the principality. The Grand
Princes of Hungary probably did not hold superior power, because during the military campaigns to the west and to the south the initially strong princely power had decreased. Moreover, the records do not refer to Grand
1954:. GĂ©za established close ties with the Bavarian court, inviting missionaries and marrying his son to Gisela, daughter of Duke Henry II. GĂ©za of the ĂrpĂĄd dynasty, Grand Prince of the Hungarians, who ruled only part of the united territory, the nominal overlord of all seven
1722:. The Hungarians had much knowledge about this region because they were frequently hired as mercenaries by the surrounding polities and had led their own campaigns in this area for decades. This area had been sparsely populated since Charlemagne's destruction of the
2661:, Ashgate/Variorum, 2003. "Tenth-century Byzantine sources, speaking in cultural more than ethnic terms, acknowledged a wide zone of diffusion by referring to the Khazar lands as 'Eastern Tourkia' and to Hungary as 'Western Tourkia.'" Carter Vaughn Findley,
1921:
Fajsz and
Taksony, the Grand Princes of the Hungarians, began to reform the power structure. They invited Christian missionaries for the first time and built forts. Taksony abolished the old center of the Hungarian principality (possibly at Upper
1894:), described early Hungarian settlements and neighbors, and located Hungarian rivers (Temes, Maros, Körös, Tisza, Tutisz). Constantine had much more knowledge about the eastern parts of Hungary; therefore, according to one theory,
105:
3618:
Wolf, MĂĄria; TakĂĄcs, MiklĂłs (2011). "SĂĄncok, földvĂĄrak" ("Ramparts, earthworks") by Wolf; "A közĂ©pkori falusias telepĂŒlĂ©sek feltĂĄrĂĄsa" ("Excavation of the medieval rural settlements") by TakĂĄcs". In MĂŒller, RĂłbert (ed.).
2766:
New
Results of Cross-border Co-operation, The Department of Social Geography and Regional Development Planning of the University of Debrecen & Institute for Euroregional Studies "Jean Monnet" European Centre of
1746:. During the occupation, the Hungarians found sparse population and met no well-established states or effective control of any empire in the plain. They were able to take over the basin quickly, defeating the
3560:
Proto-Magyar Texts from the middle of 1st Middle of 1st
Millenium? or Are they published or not? B. LukĂĄcs, President of Matter Evolution Subcommittee of the HAS. H-1525 Bp. 114. Pf. 49., Budapest, Hungary.
2043:
prince. The first Hungarian Benedictine monastery was founded in 996 by Prince GĂ©za. During GĂ©za's reign, the nation conclusively renounced its nomadic way of life and within a few decades of the
1902:
whose tribe populated the five rivers around 950. According to another hypothesis, mainly based on Constantine's description, the Hungarians started to really settle western Hungary (
1966:, who also claimed the throne. The unification of Hungary, the foundation of the Christian state and its transformation into a European feudal monarchy was accomplished by Stephen.
1726:
state in 803, and the Magyars were able to move in peacefully and virtually unopposed during the 9th century. The first mention of them living in the region dates back to 862. The
2215:
it seems that ĂrpĂĄd led the Megyer tribe, and it would be tricky if the Megyer tribe would have spoken Bulgar Turkic. Of course, in principle anything may happen in a symbiosis.
1958:, intended to integrate Hungary into Christian Western Europe, rebuilding the state according to the Western political and social model. GĂ©za's eldest son St Stephen (IstvĂĄn,
1934:. Taksony also reintroduced the old style military service, changed the weaponry of the army, and implemented large-scale organized resettlements of the Hungarian population.
4147:
2672:, Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 51, citing Peter B. Golden, 'Imperial Ideology and the Sources of Political Unity Amongst the Pre-Äinggisid Nomads of Western Eurasia,'
1844:'s theory derived from placenames, ĂrpĂĄd's winter quarters -clearly after his occupation of Pannonia in 900- were possibly in 'ĂrpĂĄdvĂĄros' (ĂrpĂĄd's town), now a district of
847:
1860:
according to this theory, however the exact location of the early center of the state is disputed. According to Gyula KristĂł the center was located between the
3835:
1152:
1077:
1587:, "seven princely persons who are called Seven Magyars"), though the word "Magyar" possibly comes from the name of the most prominent Hungarian tribe, called
4332:
2764:
IstvĂĄn SĂŒli-Zakar, The Most Important Geopolitical and Histogeographical Questions of the Age of the Conquest and the Foundation of the Hungarian State, In:
1564:
1312:
2665:
1727:
1663:
1592:
917:
722:
198:
90:
1591:. The tribal name "Megyer" became "Magyar" referring to the Hungarian people as a whole. Written sources called Magyars as "Hungarians" prior to their
4665:
4645:
1836:
to a state society was one of the most important developments during this time. Initially, the Magyars retained a semi-nomadic lifestyle, practising
21:
This article is about the Hungarian monarchy in the Early Middle Ages. For the principality ruled by Stephen Bocskai in the Early Modern Period, see
4110:
3767:
1798:
The principality as a warrior state, with a new-found military might, conducted vigorous raids ranging widely from Constantinople to central Spain.
4564:
3132:
1292:
1938:
429:
3160:
Byzanz und Ostmitteleuropa 950 - 1453: BeitrÀge einer table-ronde wÀhrend des XIX. International Congress of Byzantine Studies, Copenhagen 1996
3046:
962:
3840:
1142:
3687:
3656:
3632:
3608:
3432:
3341:
3204:
2886:
2859:
2825:
2774:
2741:
2536:
2509:
2482:
2455:
2408:
2369:
2342:
2315:
2288:
1691:
1027:
1577:
The ethnonym of the Hungarian tribal alliance is uncertain. According to one view, following the description in the 13th century chronicle,
4625:
4154:
2905:
Barta, Istvån; Berend, T. Ivån; Hanåk, Péter; Lackó, Miklós; Makkai, Låszló; Nagy, L. Zsuzsa; Rånki, György (1975). Pamlényi, Ervin (ed.).
76:
2699:
4049:
4001:
3991:
3066:
2723:
1202:
3870:
3830:
3820:
3815:
2604:
1909:
1754:, and firmly establishing their state there by 900. The invasion was not aimed at plundering the acquired lands as attacks were led by
1272:
1252:
1117:
1057:
992:
952:
780:
666:
4640:
4178:
3908:
2707:
1975:
1481:
2499:
4590:
4375:
4250:
4164:
4054:
3780:
3738:
3589:
3473:
3240:
3054:
2943:
2916:
1898:
did not mean the land of the whole federation, but a tribal settlement and the source of the description of Hungary could have been
1609:
3159:
2815:
2632:
3397:
The Great Migrations in the East and South East of Europe from the Ninth to the Thirteenth Century: Hungarians, Pechenegs and Uzes
3267:
2201:). Only excavations of 11th century buildings give certain evidence of castle building. However, the result of the excavations in
827:
147:
4655:
4275:
4130:
3079:
2998:
1849:
1557:
982:
127:
4650:
2645:
2234:
1461:
2032:) agreed to convert to Christianity. In 973 GĂ©za I and all his household were baptised, and a formal peace concluded with the
673:
648:
634:
620:
606:
592:
578:
4635:
4630:
3923:
2102:" (the great prince of Tourkia), and all of the 10th-century princes who ruled the country held this title. According to the
1516:
1476:
1222:
611:
302:
3885:
3353:
3179:
1672:
1357:
2799:
4509:
4499:
4265:
2384:
1799:
1793:
1426:
1107:
907:
483:
3443:
3383:
4355:
4227:
4100:
3890:
3845:
3760:
2092:
1942:
1821:
1367:
1172:
2526:
1840:: they would migrate along a river between winter and summer pastures, finding water for their livestock. According to
4660:
4559:
4549:
4504:
4299:
4142:
4016:
3918:
1550:
1486:
1471:
807:
3825:
2571:
1950:
in 972. In 973, twelve illustrious Magyar envoys, whom GĂ©za had probably appointed, participated in the Diet held by
1002:
3194:
2398:
4436:
4429:
4395:
4120:
4059:
4027:
3938:
3456:
2224:
1986:
1981:
1951:
1776:-like system was peaceful for the locals. Archaeological findings indicate that they settled in the lands near the
1456:
2039:; however he remained essentially pagan even after his baptism: GĂ©za had been educated by his father Taksony as a
1037:
4173:
4137:
4041:
3880:
3424:
3219:
2851:
1678:
1347:
1242:
1047:
852:
3368:
4670:
4474:
4340:
4311:
4213:
4125:
4034:
3860:
2786:
1877:
1506:
1387:
1232:
2662:
2359:
2332:
1772:, the two highest-ranking leaders, who left no mass graves behind them showing that the transition back to an
2686:
2658:
4544:
4423:
4390:
4321:
4285:
4255:
4219:
4115:
4105:
4090:
3965:
3875:
3753:
2755:
Cited: "Great Moravia was a vassal state of the Germanic Frankish Kingdom and paid an annual tribute to it."
2191:
1496:
1436:
1322:
213:
132:
111:
3704:. The Department of Social Geography and Regional Development Planning of the University of Debrecen; et al
3396:
1927:
179:
4385:
3855:
1802:
were defeated decisively by the Hungarians between 907 and 910. The Hungarians succeeded in extending the
1747:
1711:
1212:
752:
625:
4554:
4494:
4370:
4350:
4085:
3943:
1991:
1451:
3674:
3323:
3138:
2733:
2589:
2117:
1690:, painted to celebrate the 1000th anniversary of the Magyar invasion of Hungary, now displayed at the
4519:
4380:
4326:
4280:
4159:
4095:
4021:
4011:
3979:
3800:
2729:
2254:
1959:
1906:) only after 950, because the eastern part of the country was more suitable for a nomadic lifestyle.
1841:
1667:
1501:
1162:
842:
784:
768:
583:
538:
441:
360:
83:
4400:
4260:
4073:
3996:
2838:
2239:
1813:
1739:
1521:
1302:
972:
887:
763:, ruled by Hungarian warlords (chieftains), became semi-independent polities (e.g., the domains of
496:
193:
3928:
2960:
2126:
1446:
741:
136:
96:
63:
4583:
4539:
4514:
4481:
4415:
4365:
4270:
4245:
4208:
4196:
4006:
3955:
3913:
3895:
3788:
2619:
2108:
2044:
2033:
1817:
1638:
1604:
1466:
1441:
1431:
1282:
1097:
816:
794:
The period from 896 to 1000 is called "the age of principality" within Hungarian historiography.
698:
509:
410:
43:
3090:
1683:
1812:(until 955), and the principality was not attacked from this direction for 100 years after the
4454:
4449:
4345:
4232:
3948:
3865:
3734:
3717:
3683:
3652:
3628:
3604:
3585:
3469:
3428:
3337:
3200:
3050:
2994:
2939:
2912:
2882:
2855:
2821:
2770:
2737:
2703:
2557:
2532:
2505:
2478:
2451:
2404:
2365:
2338:
2311:
2284:
2278:
2103:
2017:
1891:
1600:
1377:
1262:
3291:
2472:
2445:
2305:
2151:(in Byzantine sources), rex (in Latin sources), the Grand Prince of Hungarians (after 907 CE)
4599:
4529:
4524:
4405:
4316:
4237:
3181:
At the gate of Christendom: Jews, Muslims, and "pagans" in medieval Hungary, c. 1000-c. 1300
2130:
1946:
1719:
1617:
1579:
1421:
1087:
718:
1868:
rivers, but the archaeological findings imply a location in the region of the Upper Tisza.
4534:
4489:
4467:
3960:
3933:
3850:
3729:
2669:
2280:
The History of the Medieval World: From the Conversion of Constantine to the First Crusade
2244:
1871:
1773:
1743:
1723:
1646:
1491:
1192:
1182:
1067:
897:
208:
22:
3336:
AndrĂĄs GerĆ, A magyar törtĂ©nelem vitatott szemĂ©lyisĂ©gei, Volume 3, Kossuth, 2004, p. 13,
3249:
2646:
Toward an Understanding of Europe: A Political Economic Précis of Continental Integration
2447:
Wine and Thorns in Tokay Valley: Jewish Life in Hungary : the History of AbaĂșjszĂĄntĂł
1857:
1882:, written around 950 AD, tries to define precisely the whole land of the Hungarians, or
4604:
4460:
3309:
József Attila Tudomånyegyetem., Bölcsészettudomånyi Kar (University of József Attila),
3015:
2933:
2906:
2169:(in western sources), the military leader (second rank), the Grand Prince of Hungarians
2063:
Until 907 (or 904), the Hungarian state was under joint rule (perhaps adopted from the
1621:
1540:
706:
653:
3698:
2765:
2107:
Princes in the first half of the 10th century, except in one case, where they mention
4619:
4444:
2229:
2173:
2162:
2080:
2029:
2025:
1955:
1853:
1816:. The intermittent Hungarian campaigns lasted until 970, but two military defeats in
1756:
1751:
1715:
760:
756:
733:
597:
241:
3277:
3601:
Central Europe in the High Middle Ages: Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, c. 900-c. 1300
2072:
2021:
2003:
1903:
1837:
1707:
776:
165:
2959:
Szabados, György (2019). Miljan, Suzana; B. HalĂĄsz, Ăva; Simon, Alexandru (eds.).
2424:
2422:
2420:
3457:
The new Webster's international encyclopedia: the new illustrated reference guide
2968:
Reform and Renewal in Medieval East and Central Europe: Politics, Law and Society
2876:
2088:
1999:
1760:
1698:
1511:
737:
455:
335:
248:
3559:
4360:
2659:
Nomads and their neighbours in the Russian steppe: Turks, Khazars and Qipchaqs
2576:, Committee for Medieval Studies, University of British Columbia, 1980, p. 159
2202:
2084:
1963:
1809:
1769:
1731:
1596:
745:
729:
714:
522:
290:
228:
3067:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology, Volume 1
2083:. It is not known which of the two roles were assigned to ĂrpĂĄd and which to
767:
in Transylvania). These territories were united again only under the rule of
1931:
1735:
1687:
788:
764:
175:
3643:
3110:
2055:
771:. The semi-nomadic Hungarian population adopted settled life. The chiefdom
3805:
2990:
2847:
2198:
2014:
1899:
203:
3468:
Andrås Róna-Tas, A honfoglaló magyar nép, Balassi Kiadó Budapest, 1997,
2785:
Alfried Wieczorek, Hans-Martin Hinz, Council of Europe. Art Exhibition,
2024:. Between 945 and 963, the main office-holders of the Principality (the
3776:
2064:
2011:
2007:
1845:
1833:
1804:
1631:
1626:
1397:
772:
251:
223:
2087:. Possibly, after the Kende KurszĂĄn's death, this division ceased and
775:
changed to a state society. From the second half of the 10th century,
2971:
2098:
2068:
2036:
1861:
877:
755:
seemed to be decreasing irrespective of the success of the Hungarian
2846:. Translated by Pokoly, Judit; Strong, Lara; Sullivan, Christopher.
2121:
3745:
3682:. Budapest, Székesfehérvår: Institute of Hungarian Research. 2022.
3599:
Berend, Nora; UrbaĆczyk, PrzemysĆaw; Wiszewski, PrzemysĆaw (2013).
1937:
The consolidation of the Hungarian state began during the reign of
1706:
On the eve of the arrival of the Hungarians (Magyars), around 895,
779:
started to spread. The principality was succeeded by the Christian
3274:
Cemeteries from the time of the conquest of the Upper Tisza region
2249:
2143:
2076:
2054:
2040:
1985:
1923:
1908:
1865:
1781:
1765:
1697:
1671:
385:
265:
245:
2961:"The origins and the transformation of the early Hungarian state"
2606:
The Realm of St. Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895â1526
3128:
3047:
Empires and Barbarians: The Fall of Rome and the Birth of Europe
2878:
The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895-1526
2334:
The Emergence of Western Society: European History A.D. 300-1200
1777:
857:
791:
on Christmas Day 1000 (its alternative date is 1 January 1001).
639:
3749:
2837:
SzĆke, M. BĂ©la (2014). Gergely, Katalin; RitoĂłk, Ăgnes (eds.).
1824:
marked a shift in the evolution of the Hungarian principality.
3031:
BorbĂĄla ObrusĂĄnszky, Endre NeparĂĄczki, MiklĂłs Makoldi (2022).
2304:
Ritz-Buranbaeva, Oksana; Mladineo, Vanja (22 September 2011).
1730:
proper started from 894, when armed conflicts opened with the
1962:) became the first King of Hungary after defeating his uncle
1886:. Constantine described the previous inhabitants of Hungary (
3495:
3493:
2985:
Engel, Pål (1990). Glatz, Ferenc; Burucs, Kornélia (eds.).
1913:
The Hungarian campaign in the East Frankish duchies of 910
2091:
became the sole ruler of the principality. The Byzantine
1583:, the federation was called "Hetumoger / Seven Magyars" (
3484:
1998:
The new Hungarian state was located on the border with
721:, established in 895 or 896, following the 9th century
748:, their earlier principality east of the Carpathians.
3248:. Hitel folyĂłirat (Magazine of Hitel). Archived from
2559:
The Hungarians: a thousand years of victory in defeat
2528:
The Hungarians: A Thousand Years of Victory in Defeat
3697:
Kozma, GĂĄbor (Editor); et al. (December 2011).
2498:
Khazanov, Anatoly Michailovich; Wink, André (2001).
4414:
4298:
4195:
4072:
3978:
3787:
3651:. MƱvelĆdĂ©si Központ, KönyvtĂĄr Ă©s MĂșzeum, EdelĂ©ny.
2133:names as did the majority of the Hungarian tribes.
533:
519:
506:
493:
480:
465:
451:
435:
416:
391:
366:
341:
316:
300:
278:
264:
234:
222:
186:
171:
161:
30:
3627:]. Magyar RĂ©gĂ©sz SzövetsĂ©g. pp. 209â248.
3425:The New Cambridge Medieval History: c. 900-c. 1024
3017:A history of Hungary: millennium in Central Europe
2071:king (some sources report the titles "prince" or "
848:The Carpathian Basin before the Hungarian conquest
3373:, Pallas Lap- és Könyvkiadó Vållalat, 1988, p. 21
3305:
3303:
3301:
3123:
3121:
3119:
2700:The Jews of Hungary: History, Culture, Psychology
3427:, Cambridge University Press, 1995, p. 543-545,
3293:A History of Slovakia: The Struggle for Survival
3134:A honfoglalĂł magyarok Ăszakkelet- MagyarorszĂĄgon
2725:A History of Slovakia: The Struggle for Survival
2471:Linehan, Peter; Nelson, Janet Laughland (2001).
2431:Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
2002:. Since the second half of the 10th century AD,
1585:"VII principales persone qui Hetumoger dicuntur"
3196:Hungarian society in the 9th and 10th centuries
35:
3446:, József Attila Tudom. Bölcs. Kar, 1998, p. 28
3358:, University of California Press, 1996, p. 294
3276:] (in Hungarian). HistĂłria. Archived from
3242:Hunok, Avarok, Magyarok (Huns, Avars, Magyars)
2875:Engel, PĂĄl; Ayton, Andrew (23 February 2001).
2584:
2582:
2387:, HadtörtĂ©neti IntĂ©zet Ă©s MĂșzeum, 2001, p. 131
1645:" (the land of the Hungarians) in a letter to
3761:
2717:
2715:
2702:, Wayne State University Press, 1996, p. 29,
2433:. Vol. 36. Akadémiai Kiadó. p. 419.
2067:). The kingship had been divided between the
1990:The first Hungarian Benedictine monastery in
1558:
8:
3269:A FelsĆ-Tisza-vidĂ©k honfoglalĂĄs kori temetĆi
2993:: Håttér Lapkiadó és Könykiadó. p. 97.
2987:BeilleszkedĂ©s EurĂłpĂĄba a kezdetektĆl 1440-ig
2810:
2808:
2125:) grew more significant. The princes of the
705:: "Hungarian Grand Principality", Byzantine
3162:, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1999, pp. 27-33
3154:
3152:
3150:
3148:
2633:The Magyars: the birth of a European nation
2603:PĂĄl Engel, TamĂĄs PĂĄlosfalvi, Andrew Ayton,
2594:, Indiana University Press, 1994, pp. 12â17
2573:Studies in medieval and renaissance history
2283:. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 586.
1875:
1848:, and his summer quarters -as confirmed by
4304:
4201:
4078:
3984:
3793:
3768:
3754:
3746:
3699:"New Results of Cross-Border Co-operation"
3535:
3499:
3459:, Trident Press International, 1998, p. 70
3091:The New Hungarian quarterly, Volumes 31-32
2562:, C. Hurst & Co., 2003, pp. 15â29, 533
2552:
2550:
2548:
1686:'s and his assistants' vast (1800 m)
1664:Hungarian Conquest of the Carpathian Basin
1565:
1551:
801:
146:
27:
3419:
3417:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3184:, Cambridge University Press, 2001, p. 19
3174:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3099:
2800:The will to survive: a history of Hungary
2798:Bryan Cartledge, Bryan Cartledge (Sir.),
2400:Cycles of Time: From Infinity to Eternity
1856:. Later, his new summer quarters were in
3676:Kings and Saints â The Age of the ĂrpĂĄds
3386:, Rowman & Littlefield, 2009, p. 253
2814:Dora Wiebenson, József Sisa, Pål Lövei,
2787:Europe's centre around AD 1000, Volume 1
2115:) in 947. The role of military leaders (
3523:
3214:
3212:
3069:, Oxford University Press, 2010, p. 292
2938:. Chicago University Press. p. 5.
2900:
2898:
2364:. McFarland & Company. p. 13.
2272:
2270:
2266:
815:
804:
723:Magyar invasion of the Carpathian Basin
3725:
3715:
3485:Berend, UrbaĆczyk & Wiszewski 2013
2840:The Carolingian Age in the Carpathians
2689:, Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 51
2277:Bauer, Susan Wise (22 February 2010).
2789:, Volume 1, Theiss, 2000, pp. 363-372
2385:Hadtörténelmi közlemények, Volume 114
532:
518:
505:
492:
479:
464:
460:
434:
415:
390:
365:
340:
315:
311:
299:
277:
273:
263:
182:(from the reigns of Taksony and GĂ©za)
16:State in Central Europe (c. 895â1000)
7:
3547:
3511:
3199:, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1975, pp- 53-84,
2817:The architecture of historic Hungary
2648:, Universal-Publishers, 2008, p. 358
2620:Ural-Altaische JahrbĂŒcher, Volume 63
2361:Encyclopedia of the Byzantine Empire
1800:Three major Frankish imperial armies
1624:, the country was known as "Western
751:During the period, the power of the
3239:Révész, Låszló (20 December 2010).
2403:. Trafford Publishing. p. 54.
3584:]. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
3020:. Palgrave Macmilllan. p. 42.
2989:. Vol. Magyarok EurĂłpĂĄban I.
2450:. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press.
1976:History of Christianity in Hungary
1832:The change from a ranked chiefdom
1692:Ăpusztaszer National Heritage Park
732:, a semi-nomadic people, formed a
14:
3355:The making of Byzantium, 600-1025
3158:GĂŒnter Prinzing, Maciej Salamon,
2722:Kirschbaum, Stanislav J. (1995).
2618:Gyula Decsy, A. J. Bodrogligeti,
2504:. Psychology Press. p. 103.
1808:Bavarian-Hungarian border to the
1738:after the requests for help from
1610:Annales ex Annalibus Iuvavensibus
1203:Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen
4666:1000 disestablishments in Europe
4646:Territorial evolution of Hungary
3266:Révész, Låszló (February 2008).
3221:A companion to Hungarian studies
2631:György Balåzs, Kåroly Szelényi,
2622:, Otto Harrassowitz, 1991, p. 99
2197:late 9th century (the castle of
1593:invasion of the Carpathian Basin
1534:
826:
671:
646:
632:
618:
604:
590:
576:
126:
104:
82:
75:
3444:Acta historica, Volumes 105-110
3224:, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1999, p. 113
3111:Hungary in the Carpathian Basin
3049:, Pan Macmillan, 2012, p. 369,
2235:Seven chieftains of the Magyars
1994:, founded by Prince GĂ©za in 996
3603:. Cambridge University Press.
3137:. Ăj Holnap 41. Archived from
3081:Culture and Customs of Hungary
2932:Macartney, Carlile A. (1962).
2663:The Turks in the World History
2444:Stessel, Zahava SzĂĄsz (1995).
2307:Culture and Customs of Hungary
2079:, and the military leader, or
1641:around 960 called the polity "
713:) was the earliest documented
612:Principality of Lower Pannonia
1:
3093:, Corvina Press, 1990, p. 140
2588:Peter F. Sugar, PĂ©ter HanĂĄk,
2501:Nomads in the Sedentary World
1794:Hungarian invasions of Europe
1599:(in 837 "Ungri" mentioned by
1595:when they still lived on the
1143:RĂĄkĂłczi's War of Independence
1108:Principality of Upper Hungary
908:Hungarian invasions of Europe
691:Grand Principality of Hungary
484:Hungarian invasions of Europe
471:
419:
401:
394:
376:
369:
351:
344:
326:
319:
281:
153:
117:
53:
32:Grand Principality of Hungary
3836:Principality of Transylvania
3370:Magyarok a Kårpåt-medencében
3325:A Concise History of Hungary
3113:, MoD ZrĂnyi Media Ltd, 2011
2674:Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi
2093:Constantine Porphyrogennetos
2047:became a Christian kingdom.
1153:Principality of Transylvania
1078:Principality of Transylvania
4626:Medieval history of Hungary
3871:Interwar Kingdom of Hungary
3576:Balassa, IvĂĄn, ed. (1997).
3313:, Volumes 92â98, 1991, p. 3
2802:, Timewell Press, 2006, p.6
1718:ruled the territory of the
1358:Hungarian People's Republic
1293:Governorate of Subcarpathia
1233:Hungarian People's Republic
963:Personal union with Croatia
4687:
3218:LĂĄszlĂł KĂłsa, IstvĂĄn SoĂłs,
2820:, MIT Press, 1998, p. 11,
2687:The Turks in world history
2337:. Macmillan. p. 181.
2189:
1982:Metropolitanate of Tourkia
1979:
1973:
1952:Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor
1791:
1661:
983:Mongol invasion of Hungary
89:Top: Magyar banner of the
20:
4641:History of the Hungarians
4577:
4333:Universities and colleges
4307:
4204:
4081:
3987:
3904:
3796:
3582:Hungarian ethnography IV.
2881:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
2852:Hungarian National Museum
2477:. Routledge. p. 79.
2358:Lawler, Jennifer (2004).
2051:Organization of the state
1926:) and sought new ones at
1744:Leo VI, Byzantine emperor
1679:Arrival of the Hungarians
1607:, in 881 "Ungari" by the
1597:steppes of Eastern Europe
1348:Second Hungarian Republic
1243:Hungarian Soviet Republic
1193:Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
1048:Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
710:
555:
551:
461:
447:
312:
296:
274:
152:Principality of Hungary (
145:
112:Attributed arms from the
71:
52:
4312:Anti-Hungarian sentiment
3992:Administrative divisions
3290:Stanislav J. Kirschbaum
3014:Kontler, LĂĄszlĂł (2002).
2935:Hungary: a short history
2911:. Collet's. p. 22.
2609:, .B.Tauris, 2005, p. 27
2531:. C. Hurst. p. 15.
2310:. ABC-CLIO. p. 19.
2225:List of Hungarian rulers
2181:, the judge (third rank)
1878:De Administrando Imperio
1388:Third Hungarian Republic
4656:10th century in Hungary
4220:Hungarian National Bank
3851:Austro-Hungarian Empire
3625:Handbook of archaeology
3455:Michael David Harkavy,
2668:5 February 2016 at the
2397:Komzsik, Louis (2011).
2192:Demographics of Hungary
2147:(in Arabic sources) or
1752:Principality of Moravia
1748:First Bulgarian Tsardom
1643:the land of the Hungrin
1437:History of Transylvania
943:Principality of Hungary
783:with the coronation of
703:Magyar Nagyfejedelemség
37:Magyar Nagyfejedelemség
4651:9th century in Hungary
4376:International rankings
4251:Science and technology
4131:Chief of General Staff
3826:OttomanâHungarian wars
3536:Wolf & TakĂĄcs 2011
3500:Wolf & TakĂĄcs 2011
3399:, Hakkert, 2006, p. 42
2525:Lendvai, Paul (2003).
2429:Ligeti, Lajos (1982).
2331:Davies, Colin (1969).
2111:as 'duke of Hungary' (
2060:
1995:
1943:battle of Arcadiopolis
1914:
1876:
1712:First Bulgarian Empire
1703:
1695:
753:Hungarian Grand Prince
702:
626:First Bulgarian Empire
214:Hungarian Christianity
94:Bottom: Banner of the
36:
4636:Former principalities
4631:Former confederations
3821:Late Medieval Kingdom
3816:High Medieval Kingdom
2635:, Corvina, 1989, p. 8
2113:Taxis-dux, dux Tocsun
2058:
1989:
1912:
1788:Military achievements
1750:, disintegrating the
1740:Arnulf, Frankish king
1701:
1675:
1647:Joseph of the Khazars
1462:Transylvanian Princes
1313:Revisions of Délvidék
1098:Wesselényi conspiracy
878:Kingdom of the Gepids
4565:World Heritage Sites
4437:Palaces and mansions
3801:Hungarian prehistory
3642:Wolf, MĂĄria (2008).
3384:The Jews of Khazaria
2908:A history of Hungary
2591:A History of Hungary
2255:Old Hungarian script
1960:Stephen I of Hungary
1668:Hungarian prehistory
1620:sources, written in
1603:, in 862 "Ungri" by
1163:Hungarian Reform Era
843:Hungarian prehistory
257:Tribal confederation
3621:Régészeti Kézikönyv
3033:Regényes történelem
2685:Carter V. Findley,
2240:Hungarian mythology
1814:Battle of Pressburg
1303:Second Vienna Award
888:Ostrogothic Kingdom
759:across Europe. The
744:) who arrived from
497:Battle of Pressburg
467:âą Established
199:Hungarian Shamanism
4661:895 establishments
4515:Hungarian language
4366:Hungarian diaspora
4266:Telecommunications
3891:Revolution of 1956
3846:Revolution of 1848
3728:has generic name (
3382:Kevin Alan Brook,
3078:Oksana Buranbaeva
2734:St. Martin's Press
2730:Palgrave Macmillan
2474:The Medieval World
2097:ho megas Tourkias
2061:
2045:Battle of Lechfeld
2034:Holy Roman Emperor
2006:was flourished in
1996:
1915:
1822:970 (Arcadiopolis)
1704:
1696:
1639:Hasdai ibn Shaprut
1605:Annales Bertiniani
1541:Hungary portal
1442:Hungarian language
1432:History of Hungary
1368:Revolution of 1956
1283:First Vienna Award
1273:Kingdom of Hungary
1253:Hungarian Republic
1173:Revolution of 1848
1118:Kingdom of Hungary
993:Kingdom of Hungary
953:Kingdom of Hungary
918:Hungarian conquest
781:Kingdom of Hungary
761:tribal territories
667:Kingdom of Hungary
535:âą Coronation
510:Battle of Lechfeld
194:Hungarian paganism
4613:
4612:
4573:
4572:
4356:Human trafficking
4294:
4293:
4191:
4190:
4155:Political parties
4101:Foreign relations
4068:
4067:
3974:
3973:
3886:People's Republic
3866:Treaty of Trianon
3689:978-615-6117-65-6
3658:978-963-87047-3-3
3645:A borsodi földvår
3634:978-963-08-0860-6
3610:978-0-521-78156-5
3578:Magyar NĂ©prajz IV
3569:Secondary sources
3550:, pp. 13â14.
3433:978-0-521-36447-8
3342:978-963-09-4597-4
3255:on 19 March 2012.
3205:978-963-05-0308-2
3141:on 25 April 2012.
3065:Clifford Rogers,
2888:978-0-85773-173-9
2861:978-615-5209-17-8
2826:978-0-262-23192-3
2775:978-963-89167-3-0
2743:978-0-312-10403-0
2657:Peter B. Golden,
2538:978-1-85065-682-1
2511:978-0-7007-1370-7
2484:978-0-415-18151-8
2457:978-0-8386-3545-2
2410:978-1-4269-5336-1
2371:978-0-7864-1520-5
2344:978-0-333-03520-7
2317:978-0-313-38370-0
2290:978-0-393-07817-6
2104:Agnatic seniority
1702:Europe around 900
1630:" in contrast to
1601:Georgius Monachus
1575:
1574:
1406:
1405:
1378:Goulash Communism
1331:
1330:
1263:Treaty of Trianon
1126:
1125:
1011:
1010:
926:
925:
765:Gyula the Younger
687:
686:
683:
682:
679:
678:
659:
658:
547:or 1 January 1001
4678:
4593:
4586:
4484:
4477:
4470:
4463:
4439:
4432:
4335:
4305:
4242:
4222:
4202:
4181:
4167:
4079:
4044:
4037:
4030:
4002:Cities and towns
3985:
3831:Habsburg Kingdom
3794:
3770:
3763:
3756:
3747:
3733:
3727:
3723:
3721:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3703:
3693:
3681:
3662:
3650:
3638:
3614:
3595:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3545:
3539:
3533:
3527:
3521:
3515:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3488:
3482:
3476:
3466:
3460:
3453:
3447:
3441:
3435:
3423:Timothy Reuter,
3421:
3400:
3393:
3387:
3380:
3374:
3365:
3359:
3350:
3344:
3334:
3328:
3320:
3314:
3307:
3296:
3288:
3282:
3281:
3280:on 9 April 2008.
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3247:
3236:
3225:
3216:
3207:
3191:
3185:
3176:
3163:
3156:
3143:
3142:
3125:
3114:
3107:
3094:
3088:
3082:
3076:
3070:
3063:
3057:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3028:
3022:
3021:
3011:
3005:
3004:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2965:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2902:
2893:
2892:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2845:
2834:
2828:
2812:
2803:
2796:
2790:
2783:
2777:
2762:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2719:
2710:
2696:
2690:
2683:
2677:
2676:2 (1982), 37â76.
2655:
2649:
2642:
2636:
2629:
2623:
2616:
2610:
2601:
2595:
2586:
2577:
2569:
2563:
2554:
2543:
2542:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2426:
2415:
2414:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2274:
2210:Further theories
1970:Christianization
1947:Byzantine Empire
1881:
1720:Carpathian Basin
1676:A detail of the
1632:Eastern (Khazar)
1616:In contemporary
1580:Gesta Hungarorum
1567:
1560:
1553:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1344:
1343:
1139:
1138:
1088:Bocskai uprising
1024:
1023:
939:
938:
874:
873:
830:
820:
802:
740:(founder of the
719:Carpathian Basin
712:
695:Duchy of Hungary
675:
674:
663:
662:
650:
649:
636:
635:
622:
621:
608:
607:
594:
593:
580:
579:
573:
572:
557:
556:
545:25 December 1000
541:
515:10â12 August 955
476:
473:
437:âą 997â1000
424:
421:
406:
403:
399:
396:
381:
378:
374:
371:
356:
353:
349:
346:
331:
328:
324:
321:
305:
286:
283:
155:
150:
130:
122:
119:
114:Chronicon Pictum
108:
99:
86:
79:
67:
66:
58:
55:
47:
39:
28:
4686:
4685:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4677:
4676:
4675:
4671:Nomadic empires
4616:
4615:
4614:
4609:
4596:
4589:
4582:
4569:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4459:
4435:
4428:
4410:
4396:Public holidays
4331:
4290:
4240:
4218:
4187:
4179:
4165:
4121:Law enforcement
4064:
4040:
4033:
4026:
3970:
3900:
3881:Second Republic
3783:
3774:
3724:
3714:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3696:
3690:
3679:
3673:
3670:
3668:Further reading
3665:
3659:
3648:
3641:
3635:
3617:
3611:
3598:
3592:
3575:
3571:
3566:
3565:
3558:
3554:
3546:
3542:
3534:
3530:
3522:
3518:
3510:
3506:
3498:
3491:
3483:
3479:
3467:
3463:
3454:
3450:
3442:
3438:
3422:
3403:
3395:Victor Spinei,
3394:
3390:
3381:
3377:
3366:
3362:
3351:
3347:
3335:
3331:
3322:MiklĂłs MolnĂĄr,
3321:
3317:
3308:
3299:
3289:
3285:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3237:
3228:
3217:
3210:
3192:
3188:
3177:
3166:
3157:
3146:
3127:
3126:
3117:
3108:
3097:
3089:
3085:
3077:
3073:
3064:
3060:
3045:Peter Heather,
3044:
3040:
3035:(in Hungarian).
3030:
3029:
3025:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3001:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2963:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2946:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2919:
2904:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2862:
2854:. p. 112.
2843:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2813:
2806:
2797:
2793:
2784:
2780:
2769:, 2011, p. 12,
2763:
2759:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2721:
2720:
2713:
2698:Raphael Patai,
2697:
2693:
2684:
2680:
2670:Wayback Machine
2656:
2652:
2643:
2639:
2630:
2626:
2617:
2613:
2602:
2598:
2587:
2580:
2570:
2566:
2555:
2546:
2539:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2512:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2485:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2458:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2428:
2427:
2418:
2411:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2383:
2379:
2372:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2345:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2318:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2291:
2276:
2275:
2268:
2263:
2245:Hunor and Magor
2221:
2212:
2194:
2188:
2167:magnus princeps
2139:
2053:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1872:Constantine VII
1830:
1796:
1790:
1670:
1662:Main articles:
1660:
1655:
1571:
1535:
1533:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1457:Hungarian Kings
1416:
1408:
1407:
1392:1989–2012
1382:1956–1989
1362:1949–1989
1352:1946–1949
1341:
1333:
1332:
1327:1941–1945
1297:1939–1945
1277:1920–1946
1257:1919–1920
1237:1918–1919
1227:1918–1941
1223:Interwar period
1217:1914–1918
1207:1867–1918
1197:1867–1918
1183:Hungarian State
1177:1848–1849
1167:1825–1848
1157:1711–1867
1147:1703–1711
1136:
1128:
1127:
1122:1699–1867
1112:1682–1685
1102:1664–1671
1092:1604–1606
1082:1570–1711
1072:1541–1699
1068:Ottoman Hungary
1062:1526–1699
1052:1526–1570
1042:1526–1699
1021:
1013:
1012:
1007:1366–1526
997:1301–1526
987:1241–1242
967:1102–1918
957:1000–1301
936:
928:
927:
871:
863:
862:
838:
818:
811:
800:
734:tribal alliance
672:
647:
633:
619:
605:
591:
577:
546:
542:
536:
526:
512:
499:
486:
474:
468:
438:
426:
422:
407:
404:
397:
382:
379:
372:
357:
354:
347:
332:
329:
322:
301:
287:
284:
260:
218:
209:Slavic paganism
157:
141:
140:
139:
131:
120:
109:
101:
100:
95:
93:
87:
80:
62:
61:
60:
56:
48:
41:
33:
26:
23:Stephen Bocskai
17:
12:
11:
5:
4684:
4682:
4674:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4618:
4617:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4595:
4594:
4587:
4579:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4478:
4471:
4464:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4433:
4420:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4337:
4336:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4308:
4302:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4256:Stock exchange
4253:
4248:
4243:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4224:
4223:
4211:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4183:
4174:Prime Minister
4171:
4170:
4169:
4157:
4152:
4151:
4150:
4140:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4082:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4057:
4055:National parks
4052:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4038:
4031:
4019:
4014:
4012:Extreme points
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3988:
3982:
3976:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3896:Third Republic
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3861:First Republic
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3797:
3791:
3785:
3784:
3775:
3773:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3750:
3742:
3741:
3694:
3688:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3657:
3639:
3633:
3615:
3609:
3596:
3590:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3552:
3540:
3538:, p. 209.
3528:
3526:, p. 291.
3516:
3504:
3502:, p. 238.
3489:
3477:
3461:
3448:
3436:
3401:
3388:
3375:
3367:Ferenc Glatz,
3360:
3352:Mark Whittow,
3345:
3329:
3315:
3311:Acta historica
3297:
3283:
3258:
3226:
3208:
3193:Antal Bartha,
3186:
3178:NĂłra Berend,
3164:
3144:
3131:(March 1996).
3129:Révész, Låszló
3115:
3109:Lajos Gubcsi,
3095:
3083:
3071:
3058:
3038:
3023:
3006:
2999:
2977:
2951:
2944:
2924:
2917:
2894:
2887:
2867:
2860:
2829:
2804:
2791:
2778:
2757:
2742:
2736:. p. 26.
2711:
2708:978-0814325612
2691:
2678:
2650:
2644:Alan W. Ertl,
2637:
2624:
2611:
2596:
2578:
2564:
2556:Paul Lendvai,
2544:
2537:
2517:
2510:
2490:
2483:
2463:
2456:
2436:
2416:
2409:
2389:
2377:
2370:
2350:
2343:
2323:
2316:
2296:
2289:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2220:
2217:
2211:
2208:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2170:
2152:
2138:
2135:
2095:called ĂrpĂĄd "
2052:
2049:
1974:Main article:
1971:
1968:
1928:Székesfehérvår
1829:
1826:
1818:955 (Lechfeld)
1789:
1786:
1784:by this time.
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1008:
1005:
999:
998:
995:
989:
988:
985:
979:
978:
975:
969:
968:
965:
959:
958:
955:
949:
948:
947:895–1000
945:
937:
934:
933:
930:
929:
924:
923:
920:
914:
913:
912:~800–970
910:
904:
903:
900:
898:Avar Khaganate
894:
893:
890:
884:
883:
880:
872:
870:Early medieval
869:
868:
865:
864:
861:
860:
855:
853:Roman Pannonia
850:
845:
839:
836:
835:
832:
831:
823:
822:
813:
812:
805:
799:
796:
757:military raids
685:
684:
681:
680:
677:
676:
669:
660:
657:
656:
654:Avar Khaganate
651:
643:
642:
637:
629:
628:
623:
615:
614:
609:
601:
600:
595:
587:
586:
581:
569:
568:
563:
553:
552:
549:
548:
543:
534:
531:
530:
527:
520:
517:
516:
513:
507:
504:
503:
500:
494:
491:
490:
487:
481:
478:
477:
469:
466:
463:
462:
459:
458:
453:
452:Historical era
449:
448:
445:
444:
439:
436:
433:
432:
427:
417:
414:
413:
408:
392:
389:
388:
383:
367:
364:
363:
358:
342:
339:
338:
333:
317:
314:
313:
310:
309:
306:
298:
297:
294:
293:
288:
280:âą 890s â
279:
276:
275:
272:
271:
268:
262:
261:
259:
258:
255:
238:
236:
232:
231:
226:
220:
219:
217:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
190:
188:
184:
183:
180:Székesfehérvår
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
151:
143:
142:
125:
110:
103:
102:
88:
81:
74:
73:
72:
69:
68:
50:
49:
34:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4683:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4592:
4588:
4585:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4483:
4479:
4476:
4472:
4469:
4465:
4462:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4438:
4434:
4431:
4427:
4426:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4341:Family policy
4339:
4334:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4297:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4221:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4182:
4177:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4168:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4083:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4032:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3929:ĂrpĂĄd dynasty
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3903:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3841:RĂĄkĂłczi's War
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3771:
3766:
3764:
3759:
3757:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3739:9789638916730
3736:
3731:
3726:|author=
3719:
3700:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3660:
3654:
3647:
3646:
3640:
3636:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3602:
3597:
3593:
3591:963-05-7325-3
3587:
3583:
3579:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3561:
3556:
3553:
3549:
3544:
3541:
3537:
3532:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3517:
3514:, p. 14.
3513:
3508:
3505:
3501:
3496:
3494:
3490:
3487:, p. 72.
3486:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3474:963-506-140-4
3471:
3465:
3462:
3458:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3379:
3376:
3372:
3371:
3364:
3361:
3357:
3356:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3339:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3319:
3316:
3312:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3287:
3284:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3270:
3262:
3259:
3251:
3244:
3243:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3222:
3215:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3197:
3190:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3145:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3130:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3084:
3080:
3075:
3072:
3068:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3055:9780199892266
3052:
3048:
3042:
3039:
3034:
3027:
3024:
3019:
3018:
3010:
3007:
3002:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2981:
2978:
2973:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2952:
2947:
2945:9780852240359
2941:
2937:
2936:
2928:
2925:
2920:
2918:9780569077002
2914:
2910:
2909:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2890:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2871:
2868:
2863:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2842:
2841:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2795:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2761:
2758:
2745:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2695:
2692:
2688:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2607:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2592:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2530:
2529:
2521:
2518:
2513:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2494:
2491:
2486:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2467:
2464:
2459:
2453:
2449:
2448:
2440:
2437:
2432:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2412:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2381:
2378:
2373:
2367:
2363:
2362:
2354:
2351:
2346:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2327:
2324:
2319:
2313:
2309:
2308:
2300:
2297:
2292:
2286:
2282:
2281:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2230:Magyar tribes
2228:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2216:
2209:
2207:
2206:house types.
2204:
2200:
2193:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2127:ĂrpĂĄd dynasty
2124:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2059:Europe in 912
2057:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2020:arrived from
2019:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1977:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1956:Magyar tribes
1953:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1911:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1879:
1873:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1854:Csepel Island
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1801:
1795:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1716:Great Moravia
1713:
1709:
1700:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1674:
1669:
1665:
1657:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1532:
1531:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
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65:
64:ĂrpĂĄd dynasty
51:
45:
38:
29:
24:
19:
4424:Architecture
4391:Prostitution
4322:Demographics
4286:Unemployment
4276:Trade unions
4111:Intelligence
4106:Human rights
4091:Constitution
3966:Coat of arms
3924:List of wars
3909:Christianity
3876:World War II
3811:Principality
3810:
3743:
3706:. Retrieved
3675:
3644:
3624:
3620:
3600:
3581:
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3524:Balassa 1997
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3139:the original
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3000:963-7403-892
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2781:
2760:
2747:. Retrieved
2728:. New York:
2724:
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2149:megas archon
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2096:
2062:
2022:East Francia
2018:missionaries
2004:Christianity
1997:
1941:. After the
1936:
1920:
1916:
1904:Transdanubia
1895:
1887:
1883:
1870:
1838:transhumance
1831:
1803:
1797:
1764:
1755:
1708:East Francia
1705:
1684:ĂrpĂĄd Feszty
1677:
1642:
1634:
1625:
1615:
1608:
1588:
1584:
1578:
1576:
1497:Coat of arms
1482:Christianity
1477:List of Wars
1340:Contemporary
1323:World War II
1038:Ottoman Wars
1020:Early modern
1003:Ottoman Wars
942:
793:
785:St Stephen I
777:Christianity
750:
727:
694:
690:
688:
566:Succeeded by
565:
560:
502:4â6 July 907
303:Grand Prince
166:Principality
113:
91:Conquest Era
18:
4540:Spa culture
4371:Irredentism
4209:Agriculture
4138:Nationality
3856:World War I
2000:Christendom
1992:Pannonhalma
1637:The Jewish
1213:World War I
1135:Late modern
1028:Reformation
973:Golden Bull
817:History of
769:St. Stephen
561:Preceded by
456:Middle Ages
121: 1370
4620:Categories
4555:Television
4520:Literature
4510:Inventions
4361:Hungarians
4351:Healthcare
4241:(currency)
4143:Parliament
3944:Holy Crown
2767:Excellence
2261:References
2190:See also:
2186:Population
1980:See also:
1852:- were on
1828:Transition
1810:River Enns
1792:See also:
1732:Bulgarians
1694:in Hungary
1658:Background
1502:Literature
1452:Holy Crown
1422:Hungarians
1402:since 2012
730:Hungarians
525:'s revolt
475: 895
423: 972
405: 972
398: 955
380: 955
373: 950
355: 950
348: 907
330: 907
323: 895
285: 904
235:Government
224:Demonym(s)
57: 895
4500:Festivals
4381:Languages
4327:Education
4281:Transport
4228:Companies
4160:President
4096:Elections
4050:Mountains
4022:Hydrology
3980:Geography
3548:Wolf 2008
3512:Wolf 2008
2749:9 October
1932:Esztergom
1892:Moravians
1858:Csallóköz
1736:Moravians
1688:cyclorama
1618:Byzantine
789:Esztergom
715:Hungarian
699:Hungarian
539:Stephen I
229:Hungarian
187:Religion
176:Esztergom
44:Hungarian
4600:Category
4505:Folklore
4482:Sausages
4401:Religion
4261:Taxation
4246:Industry
4126:Military
4074:Politics
3997:Counties
3956:Nobility
3939:Monarchs
3919:Military
3914:Economic
3806:Pannonia
3781:articles
3718:cite web
2991:Budapest
2848:Budapest
2666:Archived
2219:See also
2199:Mosapurc
2179:Kharkhas
2028:and the
2015:Catholic
1850:Anonymus
1728:conquest
1635:Tourkia.
1522:Budapest
1512:Székelys
1472:Military
1467:Nobility
1427:Timeline
935:Medieval
808:a series
806:Part of
204:Tengrism
4584:Outline
4560:Theatre
4550:Symbols
4495:Fashion
4455:Cuisine
4430:Castles
4416:Culture
4300:Society
4271:Tourism
4238:Forint
4197:Economy
4148:Speaker
4086:Cabinet
4060:Regions
4028:Islands
4017:Geology
4007:Climate
3789:History
3777:Hungary
2109:Taksony
2085:KurszĂĄn
2075:"), or
2065:Khazars
2010:as the
2008:Hungary
1964:KoppĂĄny
1896:Tourkia
1884:Tourkia
1842:Györffy
1834:society
1805:de jure
1770:KurszĂĄn
1653:History
1627:Tourkia
1487:Economy
1398:Hungary
819:Hungary
773:society
746:Etelköz
736:led by
711:΀οÏ
ÏÎșία
584:Etelköz
523:KoppĂĄny
521:âą
508:âą
495:âą
489:839â970
482:âą
442:Stephen
418:âą
411:Taksony
393:âą
368:âą
343:âą
318:âą
291:KurszĂĄn
254:(early)
252:diarchy
172:Capital
135:of the
4605:Portal
4475:Dishes
4450:Cinema
4346:Health
4233:Energy
4042:Rivers
3949:Regent
3779:
3737:
3708:2 June
3686:
3655:
3631:
3607:
3588:
3472:
3431:
3340:
3203:
3053:
2997:
2972:Zagreb
2942:
2915:
2885:
2858:
2824:
2773:
2740:
2706:
2535:
2508:
2481:
2454:
2407:
2368:
2341:
2314:
2287:
2203:Borsod
2137:Titles
2131:Turkic
2118:BulcsĂș
2099:archon
2069:sacral
2037:Otto I
2012:German
1945:, the
1890:, the
1862:Danube
1782:Nyitra
1710:, the
1589:Megyer
1415:Topics
810:on the
425:â 997
361:ZoltĂĄn
308:
270:
249:sacred
162:Status
40:
4591:Index
4545:Sport
4535:Names
4530:Music
4525:Media
4490:Dance
4406:Women
4317:Crime
4214:Banks
4035:Lakes
3702:(PDF)
3680:(PDF)
3649:(PDF)
3623:[
3580:[
3272:[
3253:(PDF)
3246:(PDF)
2964:(PDF)
2844:(PDF)
2250:Turul
2174:Horca
2165:) or
2163:gyula
2159:djila
2144:Kende
2129:bore
2089:ĂrpĂĄd
2081:gyula
2077:Kende
2041:pagan
2030:horka
2026:gyula
1924:Tisza
1900:Gyula
1866:Tisza
1766:kende
1761:ĂrpĂĄd
1757:gyula
1622:Greek
1507:Music
738:ĂrpĂĄd
707:Greek
386:Fajsz
336:ĂrpĂĄd
266:Kende
246:Kende
242:Gyula
156:1000)
59:â1000
4468:Beer
4461:Wine
4386:LGBT
4180:list
4166:list
3961:Flag
3934:King
3735:ISBN
3730:help
3710:2012
3684:ISBN
3653:ISBN
3629:ISBN
3605:ISBN
3586:ISBN
3470:ISBN
3429:ISBN
3338:ISBN
3201:ISBN
3051:ISBN
2995:ISBN
2940:ISBN
2913:ISBN
2883:ISBN
2856:ISBN
2822:ISBN
2771:ISBN
2751:2009
2738:ISBN
2704:ISBN
2533:ISBN
2506:ISBN
2479:ISBN
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2366:ISBN
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2285:ISBN
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2073:khan
1939:GĂ©za
1930:and
1888:e.g.
1864:and
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1714:and
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1517:Jews
1492:Flag
1372:1956
1317:1941
1307:1940
1287:1938
1267:1920
1247:1919
1187:1849
1032:1520
977:1222
798:Name
728:The
689:The
640:Huns
430:GĂ©za
178:and
133:Arms
4445:Art
4116:Law
2157:or
2122:LĂ©l
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693:or
537:of
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