180:
140:
2234:
1414:
43:
3656:). With each one being able to veto the actions of the other, the election of two politically-opposed Censors was intended as a check on executive power. Censors serve a single non-renewable five-year term and (alongside commonwealth governors) become life-long-serving members of the Senate upon leaving office.
3277:
The members of the
Executive Council were to be appointed by the Secretary of State and were responsible to him in all matters. There were certain matters that he was to administer at his own discretion, in which he was responsible to the Secretary of State. Each councillor was to remain in office
3273:
Under that act, the executive was to be headed by a governor appointed by the
Secretary of State, who could consult the Governor General. The governor was responsible to the Secretary of State for acts of omission and commission. He was to maintain law and order in the province and ensure that the
4050:
The
President of France, Emmanuel Macron, serves as Co-Prince of Andorra in addition to his duties as French President and is one of the few examples of a democratically elected leader serving in a royal capacity in another country. Since 2003, the other Co-Prince is the Catholic Bishop of Urgell
3562:) in their capacity as traditional rulers. Constitutionally, however, the King is the sole head of state, though it is often argued that the giving of authority wholesale to the royal male in this way is a neo-traditionalistic as opposed to truly traditional custom.
3682:, the nation of Equestria where most of the series takes place is shown to be a diarchy. While the older Princess Celestia is depicted as ruling on her own in the first season of the series, she is later joined by her younger sister Princess Luna as a co-ruler.
3108:. Both were addressed as Velikiy Gosudar (Great Sovereign), held court together, and when they did not the ceremony was the same. While both were equal in theory, in practice Patriarch Filaret ruled, with Michael supporting whatever his father ordered.
3278:
for a period of four years. Their salaries and service conditions were not subject to the vote of provincial legislature. All decisions in the council were to be taken by a majority of votes, the
Governor being able to break ties.
3274:
provincial administration worked smoothly. In respect of transferred subjects, he was to be assisted by his ministers whereas reserved subjects were to be administered by the
Governor General and his executive council.
3250:" on 20 August 1917 that British policy would henceforth be "increasing association of Indians in every branch of the administration and the gradual development of self-governing institutions". Montagu and
2574:. In practice, however, the religious leaders function more as advisors to the kings than as corulers. Both arms of the traditional dual government are in practice less important than the
665:
3369:. During the term, the government's roles and duties were divided between the two prime ministers, each one of them entitled to remove ministers without the other's interference.
3333:, Barrientos promulgated the co-presidency between himself and Ovando Candía. The pair ruled as dual presidents until 1966 when Barrientos resigned in order to run in that year's
4317:
3189:
by his daughter Mary and his son-in-law and nephew
William, who jointly ruled England, Scotland and Ireland until Mary died in 1694, succeeded by William as the sole monarch.
2262:
3411:
The status of monarchs is sometimes impugned by accusations of corule when an advisor, family member, lover, or friend appears to have taken too great a hand in government.
3202:
3047:
and various secular rulers known as desis. The growing power of the desis caused the 7th Dalai Lama to abolish the post and replace it with a council known as the
3620:. One of them, the husband, oversees political and military matters while the other one, the wife, is in charge of spiritual and otherwise ceremonial affairs.
3251:
2607:
1479:
2693:
on campaign (during which only one king would usually lead a given force) and certain religious functions, as well as having ex-officio seats in the
3389:
Shared power arrangements within a modern bureaucracy may also be known as a "diarchy" or "duumvirate". Examples include the joint authority of the
3215:
1693:
3475:), with Sukarno setting government policy and rallying support and Hatta managing day-to-day administration. More recently, the great influence of
2255:
1306:
3346:
3390:
1272:
4233:
4206:
4003:
2631:
899:
873:
3198:
1442:
458:
3678:
3510:
3304:. Meaʻole died the next year, after which the country functioned as a monarchy until the death of Tanumafili and a republic thereafter.
858:
3313:
2900:. The diarchy lasted from 1173 to 1203 until the death of Ghiyath al-Din, leaving his ruler, Muhammad sole ruler of the Ghurid empire.
4395:
4063:
3358:
2603:
2248:
581:
4112:
4104:
3522:
In addition to actual sharing of political power between religious and military leaders, as occurred in Tibet and Bhutan, the great
3018:
3006:
2563:
126:
4037:
4405:
3436:
2766:
2442:
3484:
3736:
3416:
3394:
3002:
2720:
2133:
1313:
904:
700:
3319:
3259:
3247:
3666:
3334:
3120:
1940:
1895:
1028:
621:
179:
64:
3455:, Chinese and Japanese emperors were sometimes able to 'retire' but continue to exert great influence over state policy. In
2874:, establishing the Hungarian monarchy. It is not known with certainty whether Árpád was originally the kende or the gyula.
2480:
1766:
740:
249:
3581:, the fictional land of Barataria is ruled jointly for a while by two kings, who happen to be the gondoliers themselves.
3547:
3263:
3235:
2994:
2518:
2347:
2343:
3329:
rose to power as president of the military junta. The following year, faced with discontent from loyalists of
General
3105:
1960:
1475:
1090:
107:
3490:
Within electoral politics, governments, coalitions and parties may sometimes have two fairly equal leaders, as with:
79:
4290:
3078:
in 1907. In contrast to Tibet, the dynasty eventually consolidated its power and now rules as the kings of Bhutan.
2978:
2611:
1781:
1262:
1085:
894:
774:
443:
4095:
Worden, Robert L. (1991). "Chapter 6 - Bhutan: Theocratic
Government, 1616-1907". In Savada, Andrea Matles (ed.).
53:
4198:
Al-Hind the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: The Slave Kings and the
Islamic Conquest : 11Th-13th Centuries
3350:
3323:
3301:
3255:
2653:
1267:
1122:
868:
528:
473:
3691:, the Northern Water Tribe becomes a diarchy, ruled by the twins Desna and Eska, cousins to the title character.
3761:
3362:
2627:
2579:
2355:
1531:
1435:
611:
561:
368:
86:
60:
3330:
710:
4156:
3208:
2893:
2549:
2189:
1756:
984:
591:
259:
139:
3495:
3297:
3132:
2555:
2204:
1771:
1355:
1102:
863:
670:
326:
4280:
3372:
However, this system did not survive even until the first planned rotation and was abolished again after
93:
4370:"Russians and the Putin-Medvedev "Tandemocracy": A Survey-Based Portrait of the 2007-08 Election Season"
3239:
2710:
2689:
over the other's actions. However, the
Spartan kings' powers and duties consisted mainly of leading the
2670:
2591:
2476:
2199:
2062:
1659:
1188:
1132:
207:
695:
483:
3595:
was also ruled jointly by two kings, the two sons of Elendil. He himself was king of its sister realm
3596:
3578:
3365:. After a half of the government's term, the two prime ministers would change positions as part of a
3243:
3095:
2774:
2575:
2545:
1215:
845:
834:
784:
745:
735:
685:
675:
493:
75:
3366:
3178:
3152:
3112:
3087:
3022:
2920:
was notionally a supreme spiritual and temporal lord who delegated authority for joint rule to the
2778:
2502:
2438:
2123:
2032:
1989:
1776:
1541:
1428:
1360:
818:
805:
792:
518:
468:
316:
4400:
4262:
4142:
3701:
3612:
3607:
3373:
3211:
3170:
3156:
3148:
3116:
3091:
3056:
2522:
2296:
1761:
1546:
1521:
1380:
1257:
1198:
1127:
925:
912:
886:
543:
388:
254:
3326:
4229:
4202:
4118:
4108:
3999:
3670:
3636:
3487:), until Putin's resumption of the office of president established him as the greater figure.
3420:
3406:
3353:
underwent a major change. A system of two prime ministers, appointed at the same time by the
3287:
3101:
2757:
were not rulers but magistrates, performing various judicial, religious, or public functions.
2422:
2194:
1915:
1746:
1698:
1526:
1459:
1385:
1370:
1289:
979:
850:
797:
779:
725:
705:
690:
680:
513:
498:
448:
428:
296:
244:
239:
217:
212:
164:
4185:
Toumanoff, Cyrill (1969) „Chronology of the Early Kings of Iberia“ Traditio, Vol. 25, p. 33.
3809:
3641:
3588:
3182:
3124:
2917:
2897:
2641:
2599:
2506:
2410:
2027:
1950:
1920:
1794:
1536:
1516:
1397:
1296:
1245:
730:
645:
341:
311:
264:
4357:
2429:
monarchies may be included as well, as may the dual occupants of the imperial title of the
3687:
3531:
3480:
2990:
2812:
2782:
2637:
2454:
2398:
2386:
2238:
2211:
2067:
2057:
1854:
1751:
1418:
989:
917:
881:
813:
720:
715:
660:
533:
508:
453:
4369:
2354:
some powers to local councils, which had included native Indian representation under the
3781:
3669:
became a duumvirate comprising a human and an artificial intelligence (reminiscent of a
3051:, permitting him to consolidate his authority over the realm. A similar system arose in
4070:
3645:
3573:
3476:
3464:
3166:
3128:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
2998:
2970:
2889:
2883:
2839:
originally possessed a system of dual kingship, with religious authority vested in the
2770:
2735:
2727:
2682:
2530:
2402:
2363:
2216:
2147:
2052:
1885:
1799:
1227:
1149:
655:
413:
336:
291:
2233:
1413:
4389:
4097:
3503:
3499:
3267:
2844:
2820:
2656:. They serve as joint heads of state, and are normally chosen from opposing parties.
2615:
2378:
temporarily controlled by two or more people is, however, usually distinguished as a
2339:
2279:
2103:
1998:
1900:
1890:
1731:
1345:
1240:
1220:
1210:
1023:
548:
538:
478:
438:
433:
274:
100:
3653:
3649:
3631:, is jointly governed by an elected Policy Coordinator and Engineering Coordinator.
3628:
3617:
3555:
3452:
3448:
3432:
2743:
2690:
2595:
2489:
2406:
2152:
2079:
2073:
2047:
2042:
2018:
2008:
1945:
1834:
1654:
1578:
1205:
1080:
1045:
829:
650:
523:
488:
346:
1139:
4223:
4196:
3534:
over a devout country can sometimes be described as a form of diarchy or corule.
2385:
Corule is one of the oldest forms of government. Historical examples include the
3905:
3718:
3412:
3223:
3219:
3075:
2871:
2824:
2697:(Senate). Actual day-to-day public administration in Sparta was managed by the
2567:
2430:
2418:
2374:, are now used more generally to refer to any system of joint rule or office. A
2157:
2142:
2084:
1955:
1819:
1618:
1613:
1593:
1583:
1573:
1375:
1340:
1112:
1070:
1016:
974:
944:
769:
503:
383:
284:
154:
42:
2977:) of two sovereigns over a territory. The most famous such arrangement was the
3887:
3559:
3523:
3428:
3139:
collaborated with and then supplanted existing bourgeois forms of government.
2986:
2966:
2958:
2952:
2856:
2836:
2649:
2494:
2450:
2351:
2162:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2094:
1935:
1726:
1608:
1603:
1467:
1232:
1183:
1107:
1038:
601:
423:
351:
202:
31:
4019:
3804:'tandemocracy' particularly refers to the Putin–Medvedev diarchy, as it is a
3730:
3724:
3712:
3600:
3551:
3456:
3424:
3136:
3071:
2962:
2724:
2571:
2510:
2446:
2390:
2379:
2327:, by collusion and force. The leaders of such a system are usually known as
2284:
1965:
1859:
1849:
1844:
1829:
1824:
1814:
1688:
1649:
1638:
1633:
1623:
1588:
1556:
1500:
1495:
1365:
1350:
1301:
1252:
1161:
1117:
1097:
1065:
1009:
999:
954:
949:
571:
378:
361:
331:
27:
2922:
2913:
2614:. Both positions exercise identical executive powers; however they are not
4359:
Beyond Weimar-Russia: The Putin-Medvedev Duumvirate as Imperial Revanchist
3706:
3661:
3543:
3161:
2935:
2867:
2754:
2731:
2714:
2694:
2375:
2359:
2323:
2037:
1598:
1568:
1511:
1335:
1279:
1144:
1004:
764:
373:
306:
171:
20:
19:"Duumvirate" redirects here. For the Roman offices held by duumvirs, see
3423:" who controlled much of their countries' policies. In British history,
3258:, then made an extensive tour of the subcontinent in 1917 and 1918. The
4266:
4250:
3460:
3354:
3174:
3067:
2982:
2940:
2485:
2434:
2426:
2414:
2318:
1839:
1676:
1666:
1392:
1284:
1193:
1075:
1033:
994:
463:
321:
301:
197:
2685:
was divided between two kings from separate dynasties, each holding a
3805:
3592:
3218:
from 1841 to 1867. Usually, one was chosen from the English-speaking
3059:
3052:
3048:
3005:
of Liège and the United Provinces, which administered it through the
2816:
2786:
2676:
2559:
2526:
2499:
2394:
2003:
1323:
356:
4318:"Russian Politics: Is Kudrin the Cure for Putin's 'Tandem Malaise'?"
3775:
3584:
3293:
3028:
2909:
2840:
2698:
2514:
2358:. 'Duumvirate' principally referred to the offices of the various
1328:
1318:
418:
279:
138:
3787:, "the office of the two men". Occasionally in the mistaken form
4122:
3527:
3186:
2747:
2686:
2652:
are elected every six months by the Sammarinese parliament, the
2533:
2433:, or its system of succession. Modern examples of diarchies are
1156:
4284:
4157:"Captains Regent — Repubblica di San Marino, portale ufficiale"
3119:
in November, political power in Russia was divided between the
3801:
2421:
societies. Systems of inheritance that often led to corule in
36:
3977:
3975:
3357:, was established. According to the new method, there was an
2294:
2282:
4377:
The National Council for Eurasian and East European Research
2570:("King") and the Buddhist religious authorities led by the
2529:. The bishop of the diocese of Urgell is appointed by the
3431:
in pants" owing to the supposed influence of his mother,
3393:
and the Secretary of the Department of Defence over the
3652:(although the offices are more akin to the position of
3509:
Marama Davidson and James Shaw as joint leaders of the
3483:
was considered a duumvirate, or tandemocracy (see also
2933:
power was so complete that they are usually considered
4038:"Why is the President of France Co-Prince of Andorra?"
3715:, temporary rule over a monarchy by two or more people
2338:
particularly referred to the system of shared rule in
4069:. Government of Bhutan. 18 July 2008. Archived from
3591:, was ruled by a duumvirate. In its earliest years,
3131:
as "Dual Power". He elaborated the situation into a
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4096:
2317:, with two people ruling a polity together either
26:For any temporary joint rule over a monarchy, see
16:Form of government with two individuals as leaders
4020:"The constitution of the Principality of Andorra"
3296:in 1962, power was shared between the two chiefs
4368:Hale, Henry E.; et al. (8 September 2009),
3469:
3292:During the establishment of the modern state of
3203:List of joint premiers of the Province of Canada
2866:a little after the arrival of the Hungarians in
2366:. Both, along with less common synonyms such as
2849:
3981:
3816:
3648:, governed by two chief executives styled as
3616:, are traditionally led by a pair of married
2256:
1436:
8:
3994:Rostworowski de Diez Canseco, María (2008).
3554:) rules in conjunction with his mother, the
3262:'s recommendations formed the basis for the
2746:, both elected each year and each holding a
2517:. Since 1962, the French president has been
2342:established by the Government of India Acts
4103:(3rd ed.). Federal Research Division,
4064:"The Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan"
3779:
3765:article on the colonial British institution
3634:The Federated Commonwealths of America, in
3222:and the other one from the French-speaking
3027:Between 1642 and 1751, political power in
2789:at the time of the kings mentioned below.
2785:, there existed a dual power (Diarchy) in
2263:
2249:
2183:
1985:
1719:
1491:
1454:
1443:
1429:
159:
2313:is a form of government characterized by
1480:List of countries by system of government
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
3917:
3915:
3623:The orbital colony New New York, in the
2870:, his role was usurped by the war-chief
30:. For the leftist political theory, see
4350:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017
4051:from Spain, Joan-Enric Vives i Sicília.
3839:
3748:
3506:, which was nicknamed the "duumvirate".
2132:
2093:
2017:
1988:
1911:
1868:
1790:
1722:
1675:
1632:
1555:
1494:
1465:
170:
4362:(MA thesis), The Ohio State University
4304:
4225:India in the Persianate Age: 1000-1765
4181:
4179:
4177:
4175:
4173:
3996:Le Grand Inca Pachacútec Inca Yupanqui
3864:
3862:
3427:'s reign was mocked as a "split-level
2855:). It is believed that when the kende
874:Proclamation of the Republic in Brazil
4255:The Slavonic and East European Review
3665:, it is suggested that the Office of
2843:and military authority vested in the
2632:List of Captains Regent of San Marino
7:
3199:Government of the Province of Canada
65:adding citations to reliable sources
4379:, Seattle: University of Washington
3679:My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic
3511:Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand
3498:of 5–19 December 1972, composed of
2892:was an established diarchy between
2610:serve as joint heads of the area's
806:Establishment of the Dutch monarchy
3526:of a religious leader such as the
3419:in France are famous examples of "
3359:Alternate Prime Minister of Israel
3347:2019–2021 Israeli political crisis
3185:, his kingships were succeeded in
14:
4251:"The Régime of Filaret 1619-1633"
4105:United States Library of Congress
4099:Nepal and Bhutan: Country Studies
3019:Tibetan dual system of government
3007:States General of the Netherlands
2997:. After the establishment of the
4222:Eaton, Richard M. (2019-07-25).
3043:who headed the realm's Buddhist
2232:
1412:
775:Foundation of the Ottoman Empire
178:
41:
4040:. Royal Central. 7 October 2019
3737:Condominium (international law)
3610:clan at the center of the film
3467:were nicknamed the Duumvirate (
3395:Australian Defence Organisation
3376:'s victory at the end of 2022.
2721:overthrow of the Roman monarchy
2453:, whose republic is led by two
905:Spanish transition to democracy
582:Les Six livres de la République
52:needs additional citations for
4228:. Penguin UK. pp. 39–45.
3667:President of the United States
3314:History of Bolivia (1964–1982)
3266:that established "diarchy" in
3121:Russian Provisional Government
1941:Intergovernmental organisation
1896:Separation of church and state
622:Democracy: The God That Failed
1:
4356:Martin, Brian Joseph (2009),
4281:"A Revolution in the Nursery"
3644:, is modelled heavily on the
3159:were monarchies, they became
3143:England, Scotland and Ireland
3104:ruled along with his father,
2860:
2481:List of Co-Princes of Andorra
900:Birth of the Italian Republic
147:
3721:, joint rule by three people
3417:François Leclerc du Tremblay
3361:in addition to the standard
3264:Government of India Act 1919
3214:was usually governed by two
2723:, the Romans established an
2590:Under the terms of the 1998
1738:(socio-political ideologies)
4201:. BRILL. pp. 139–140.
4143:"Northern Ireland Act 1998"
3727:, joint rule by four people
3485:Medvedev–Putin tandemocracy
3127:, a condition described by
3106:Patriarch Filaret of Moscow
2564:traditional dual government
1806:(socio-economic ideologies)
1476:List of forms of government
859:Austro-Hungarian Compromise
785:Birth of the Dutch Republic
4422:
3733:, joint rule by ten people
3546:is a diarchy in which the
3404:
3391:Chief of the Defence Force
3311:
3285:
3260:Montague–Chelmsford Report
3196:
3085:
3016:
2989:, which was shared by the
2950:
2881:
2750:over the other's actions.
2708:
2677:Sparta § Constitution
2674:
2668:
2625:
2566:sharing power between the
2543:
2474:
2295:
2283:
895:Siamese revolution of 1932
25:
18:
4396:Collective heads of state
4348:Oxford English Dictionary
3817:
3709:, rule by a single person
3351:Basic Law: The Government
3256:Governor-General of India
3147:Although the Kingdoms of
2995:Prince-Bishopric of Liège
2654:Grand and General Council
1927:(geo-cultural ideologies)
869:5 October 1910 Revolution
765:Birth of the Roman Empire
3892:Encyclopaedia Britannica
3762:Encyclopaedia Britannica
3755:Occasionally misspelled
3363:Prime Minister of Israel
2981:that established modern
2965:treaty recognizing the "
2807:Pʽarsman II and Mirdat I
2794:
2628:Government of San Marino
2437:, whose princes are the
2356:Indian Councils Act 1892
612:Considerations on France
4406:Greek words and phrases
3906:"Definition of DUARCHY"
3463:and his vice president
3443:Informally shared power
3415:in Chinese history and
3031:was shared between the
2894:Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad
2732:supreme executive power
2550:List of kings of Bhutan
2190:Administrative division
2134:International relations
1228:Emperor system of Japan
4249:J. L. H. Keep (1960).
3780:
3496:First Whitlam Ministry
3470:
3302:Tupua Tamasese Meaʻole
3298:Malietoa Tanumafili II
3169:during the co-rule of
3115:in March 1917 and the
2974:
2850:
2795:Bartom II and Kʽartʽam
2739:
2681:The office of king in
2645:
2488:is a parliamentary co-
2417:, and several ancient
1103:Enlightened absolutism
157:
144:Kings of the Visigoths
3982:Hale & al. (2009)
3401:Influential outsiders
3331:Alfredo Ovando Candía
3240:Lloyd George ministry
3100:From 1619-1633, Tsar
2939:monarchs rather than
2711:List of Roman consuls
2671:List of Spartan kings
2608:deputy First Minister
2592:Good Friday Agreement
2477:Government of Andorra
2200:Democratic transition
2063:Self-governing colony
1660:Military dictatorship
208:Divine right of kings
142:
4293:on December 19, 2000
4195:Wink, André (1990).
4024:www.andorramania.com
3579:Gilbert and Sullivan
3244:Edwin Samuel Montagu
3096:Dual Power in Russia
2775:Vakhushti Bagrationi
2767:Conversion of Kartli
2660:Historical diarchies
2546:Government of Bhutan
846:Unification of Italy
835:Second French Empire
61:improve this article
3606:The Omaticaya, the
3544:Kingdom of Eswatini
3538:Traditional leaders
3479:over his successor
3367:rotation government
3320:coup d'état in 1964
3252:Viscount Chelmsford
3179:Glorious Revolution
3133:dual-power doctrine
3113:February Revolution
3088:February Revolution
3023:List of Dalai Lamas
2926:. In practice, the
2804:Amazasp I and Derok
2798:Pʽarsman I and Kaos
2779:Teimuraz Bagrationi
2562:'s commitment to a
2492:. Its princes are (
2439:President of France
2362:established by the
2239:Politics portal
2124:Supranational union
2033:Dependent territory
1946:National government
1419:Politics portal
819:First French Empire
793:Glorious Revolution
3702:Directorial system
3587:, in the works of
3374:Benyamin Netanyahu
3212:Province of Canada
3171:William II and III
3117:October Revolution
3092:October Revolution
2523:universal suffrage
1258:List of monarchies
1059:Related ideologies
926:Nepalese Civil War
913:Iranian Revolution
887:Russian Revolution
882:Chinese Revolution
864:German unification
158:
4235:978-0-14-196655-7
4208:978-90-04-10236-1
4005:978-2-84734-462-2
3671:virtual assistant
3637:A Different Flesh
3603:over both realms.
3518:Religious leaders
3288:Politics of Samoa
3248:Grand Declaration
3102:Michael of Russia
2985:. Others include
2815:, the diarchs of
2801:Azork and Armazel
2646:Capitani Reggenti
2556:2008 Constitution
2466:Current diarchies
2273:
2272:
2224:
2223:
2195:Democracy indices
2170:
2169:
1973:
1972:
1782:Semi-presidential
1707:
1706:
1453:
1452:
851:Meiji Restoration
798:French Revolution
780:Tsarist autocracy
741:Popescu-Tăriceanu
240:Abdication system
218:Royal prerogative
213:Mandate of Heaven
137:
136:
129:
111:
4413:
4380:
4374:
4363:
4351:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4314:
4308:
4302:
4296:
4294:
4289:, archived from
4277:
4271:
4270:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4219:
4213:
4212:
4192:
4186:
4183:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4163:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4139:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4102:
4092:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4081:
4075:
4068:
4060:
4054:
4053:
4047:
4045:
4034:
4028:
4027:
4016:
4010:
4009:
3991:
3985:
3979:
3970:
3968:
3957:
3951:
3949:
3938:
3932:
3930:
3919:
3910:
3909:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3884:
3878:
3877:
3866:
3857:
3855:
3844:
3822:
3820:
3819:
3798:
3792:
3785:
3772:
3766:
3753:
3642:Harry Turtledove
3599:, and served as
3589:J. R. R. Tolkien
3473:
3421:éminences grises
3335:general election
3183:James VII and II
3125:Petrograd Soviet
2932:
2898:Muhammad of Ghor
2865:
2862:
2853:
2819:in 370-378 were
2600:Northern Ireland
2594:intended to end
2586:Northern Ireland
2507:bishop of Urgell
2443:Bishop of Urgell
2300:
2299:
2293:, "double", and
2288:
2287:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2237:
2236:
2184:
2028:Associated state
1986:
1961:Internationalism
1951:World government
1928:
1807:
1739:
1720:
1694:Free association
1681:
1642:
1561:
1504:
1492:
1455:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1417:
1416:
1297:Philosopher king
627:
617:
607:
597:
587:
577:
567:
529:Kuehnelt-Leddihn
265:Crowned republic
250:Chinese Legalist
189:Central concepts
182:
160:
152:
149:
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
4421:
4420:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4410:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4372:
4367:
4355:
4346:
4342:
4337:
4336:
4326:
4324:
4316:
4315:
4311:
4303:
4299:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4261:(91): 334–360.
4248:
4247:
4243:
4236:
4221:
4220:
4216:
4209:
4194:
4193:
4189:
4184:
4171:
4161:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4150:
4141:
4140:
4136:
4127:
4125:
4115:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4066:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4043:
4041:
4036:
4035:
4031:
4018:
4017:
4013:
4006:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3980:
3973:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3921:
3920:
3913:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3868:
3867:
3860:
3846:
3845:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3825:
3799:
3795:
3773:
3769:
3754:
3750:
3745:
3698:
3688:Legend of Korra
3568:
3540:
3532:Catholic Church
3520:
3481:Dmitry Medvedev
3445:
3437:Queen Elizabeth
3409:
3403:
3387:
3382:
3349:, the Israel's
3343:
3327:René Barrientos
3316:
3310:
3290:
3284:
3236:India Secretary
3232:
3205:
3197:Main articles:
3195:
3145:
3098:
3086:Main articles:
3084:
3041:7th Dalai Lamas
3025:
3017:Main articles:
3015:
2991:Duke of Brabant
2955:
2949:
2947:Medieval Europe
2930:
2906:
2886:
2880:
2863:
2833:
2813:Cyril Toumanoff
2783:Pavle Ingorokva
2763:
2753:The historical
2717:
2709:Main articles:
2707:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2662:
2638:captains regent
2634:
2626:Main articles:
2624:
2588:
2552:
2544:Main articles:
2542:
2483:
2475:Main articles:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2455:Captains Regent
2387:Pandyan dynasty
2269:
2231:
2226:
2225:
2212:Democratisation
2205:Autocratization
2181:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2128:
2089:
2068:Tributary state
2058:Satellite state
2013:
1983:
1982:Power structure
1975:
1974:
1926:
1925:
1907:
1878:
1864:
1855:Totalitarianism
1805:
1804:
1786:
1737:
1736:
1717:
1709:
1708:
1703:
1679:
1671:
1636:
1628:
1559:
1551:
1498:
1489:
1488:Source of power
1466:Basic forms of
1460:Politics series
1449:
1411:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1178:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1060:
1052:
1051:
1050:
969:
961:
960:
959:
939:
931:
930:
922:
918:Modern Cambodia
891:
855:
839:
823:
814:Trienio Liberal
802:
760:
752:
751:
750:
640:
632:
631:
630:
625:
615:
605:
595:
585:
575:
565:
403:
395:
394:
393:
369:Self-proclaimed
234:
226:
225:
222:
190:
165:Politics series
150:
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4419:
4417:
4409:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4388:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4365:
4353:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4322:Open Democracy
4309:
4297:
4272:
4241:
4234:
4214:
4207:
4187:
4169:
4148:
4134:
4113:
4087:
4076:on 6 July 2011
4055:
4029:
4011:
4004:
3998:. Tallandier.
3986:
3971:
3952:
3933:
3911:
3897:
3879:
3858:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3813:tandemokratiya
3793:
3767:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3739:
3734:
3728:
3722:
3716:
3710:
3704:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3685:By the end of
3683:
3674:
3657:
3646:Roman Republic
3632:
3621:
3604:
3582:
3574:The Gondoliers
3567:
3564:
3539:
3536:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3507:
3494:The temporary
3477:Vladimir Putin
3465:Mohammad Hatta
3444:
3441:
3407:Éminence grise
3405:Main article:
3402:
3399:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3342:
3339:
3324:Vice President
3312:Main article:
3309:
3306:
3286:Main article:
3283:
3280:
3231:
3228:
3216:joint premiers
3194:
3191:
3167:personal union
3144:
3141:
3129:Vladimir Lenin
3083:
3080:
3045:state religion
3014:
3011:
3001:, it became a
2999:Dutch Republic
2951:Main article:
2948:
2945:
2905:
2902:
2884:Ghurid dynasty
2882:Main article:
2879:
2876:
2832:
2829:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2771:Leonti Mroveli
2762:
2759:
2742:) between two
2730:which divided
2728:Roman Republic
2719:Following the
2706:
2705:Roman Republic
2703:
2683:ancient Sparta
2669:Main article:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2623:
2620:
2616:heads of state
2604:First Minister
2587:
2584:
2580:Prime Minister
2541:
2538:
2531:Roman Catholic
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2403:Roman Republic
2399:joint kingship
2364:Roman Republic
2334:Historically,
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2217:Hybrid regimes
2214:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2197:
2192:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2148:Regional power
2145:
2137:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2098:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2053:Puppet monarch
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2022:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1993:
1992:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1888:
1886:State religion
1880:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1757:Constitutional
1754:
1749:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1723:
1718:
1716:Power ideology
1715:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1683:
1682:
1680:(rule by none)
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1652:
1644:
1643:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1563:
1562:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1532:Representative
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1506:
1505:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1462:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1255:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1243:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1191:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1177:Related topics
1176:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1142:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1091:Traditionalist
1088:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1002:
992:
987:
985:Great Officers
982:
971:
970:
968:Administration
967:
966:
963:
962:
958:
957:
952:
947:
941:
940:
937:
936:
933:
932:
929:
928:
923:
921:
920:
915:
909:
907:
902:
897:
892:
890:
889:
884:
878:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
854:
853:
848:
842:
840:
838:
837:
832:
826:
824:
822:
821:
816:
810:
808:
803:
801:
800:
795:
789:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
761:
758:
757:
754:
753:
749:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
642:
641:
638:
637:
634:
633:
629:
628:
618:
608:
598:
588:
578:
568:
552:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
474:Crétineau-Joly
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
405:
404:
401:
400:
397:
396:
392:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
365:
364:
354:
349:
344:
339:
337:Personal union
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
292:Dynastic union
289:
288:
287:
277:
272:
267:
262:
260:Constitutional
257:
252:
247:
242:
236:
235:
232:
231:
228:
227:
224:
223:
221:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
194:
191:
188:
187:
184:
183:
175:
174:
168:
167:
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4418:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4378:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4360:
4354:
4349:
4345:
4344:
4339:
4323:
4319:
4313:
4310:
4306:
4305:Martin (2009)
4301:
4298:
4292:
4288:
4287:
4286:The Telegraph
4282:
4276:
4273:
4268:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4245:
4242:
4237:
4231:
4227:
4226:
4218:
4215:
4210:
4204:
4200:
4199:
4191:
4188:
4182:
4180:
4178:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4158:
4152:
4149:
4144:
4138:
4135:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4114:0-8444-0777-1
4110:
4106:
4101:
4100:
4091:
4088:
4072:
4065:
4059:
4056:
4052:
4039:
4033:
4030:
4025:
4021:
4015:
4012:
4007:
4001:
3997:
3990:
3987:
3983:
3978:
3976:
3972:
3967:
3963:
3956:
3953:
3948:
3944:
3937:
3934:
3929:
3925:
3922:"duumvirate,
3918:
3916:
3912:
3907:
3901:
3898:
3893:
3889:
3883:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3865:
3863:
3859:
3854:
3850:
3849:combined form
3843:
3840:
3833:
3828:
3818:тандемократия
3814:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3797:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3777:
3771:
3768:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3752:
3749:
3742:
3738:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3695:
3690:
3689:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3638:
3633:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3618:tribal chiefs
3615:
3614:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3537:
3535:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3517:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3504:Lance Barnard
3501:
3500:Gough Whitlam
3497:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3472:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3435:and his wife
3434:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3384:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3370:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3325:
3321:
3315:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3269:
3268:British India
3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3234:Named as the
3229:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3210:
3204:
3200:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3165:diarchies in
3164:
3163:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3070:becoming the
3069:
3065:
3061:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3020:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2967:equal footing
2964:
2960:
2954:
2946:
2944:
2943:or corulers.
2942:
2938:
2937:
2929:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2890:Ghurid Empire
2885:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2858:
2854:
2852:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2821:Sauromaces II
2818:
2814:
2811:According to
2806:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2792:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2765:According to
2760:
2758:
2756:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2712:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2678:
2672:
2664:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2633:
2629:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2578:and (single)
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2551:
2547:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2340:British India
2337:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2325:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2281:
2277:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2254:
2252:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2229:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2177:
2176:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2104:Confederation
2102:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1999:Unitary state
1997:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1979:
1978:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1902:
1901:State atheism
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1891:Secular state
1889:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1867:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1795:Authoritarian
1793:
1792:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1772:Parliamentary
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1713:
1712:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1678:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1560:(rule by few)
1558:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1434:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1409:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1346:Regnal number
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1273:Non-sovereign
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1173:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1086:Authoritarian
1084:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1056:
1055:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1029:Crown Council
1027:
1026:
1025:
1024:Privy council
1022:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
997:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
977:
976:
973:
972:
965:
964:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
942:
935:
934:
927:
924:
919:
916:
914:
911:
910:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
888:
885:
883:
880:
879:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
852:
849:
847:
844:
843:
841:
836:
833:
831:
828:
827:
825:
820:
817:
815:
812:
811:
809:
807:
804:
799:
796:
794:
791:
790:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
762:
756:
755:
747:
746:Zourabichvili
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
643:
636:
635:
624:
623:
619:
614:
613:
609:
604:
603:
599:
594:
593:
589:
584:
583:
579:
574:
573:
569:
564:
563:
559:
558:
557:
556:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
459:Chateaubriand
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
411:
410:
409:
399:
398:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
363:
360:
359:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
327:Non-sovereign
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
286:
283:
282:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
237:
230:
229:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
195:
193:
192:
186:
185:
181:
177:
176:
173:
169:
166:
162:
161:
156:
145:
141:
131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
29:
22:
4376:
4358:
4347:
4325:, retrieved
4321:
4312:
4300:
4291:the original
4285:
4275:
4258:
4254:
4244:
4224:
4217:
4197:
4190:
4160:. Retrieved
4151:
4137:
4126:. Retrieved
4098:
4090:
4078:. Retrieved
4071:the original
4058:
4049:
4042:. Retrieved
4032:
4023:
4014:
3995:
3989:
3965:
3961:
3955:
3946:
3942:
3936:
3927:
3923:
3900:
3891:
3882:
3874:
3870:
3852:
3848:
3842:
3812:
3796:
3788:
3778:
3770:
3760:
3759:, as in the
3756:
3751:
3686:
3677:
3660:
3635:
3629:Joe Haldeman
3624:
3611:
3572:
3556:queen mother
3541:
3521:
3489:
3468:
3453:filial piety
3446:
3410:
3388:
3380:Informal use
3371:
3344:
3318:Following a
3317:
3291:
3276:
3272:
3233:
3206:
3177:. After the
3160:
3146:
3111:Between the
3110:
3099:
3063:
3026:
3009:until 1794.
2956:
2934:
2927:
2921:
2907:
2887:
2848:
2834:
2810:
2764:
2752:
2718:
2691:Spartan army
2680:
2635:
2589:
2553:
2493:
2490:principality
2484:
2384:
2372:tandemocracy
2371:
2367:
2335:
2333:
2328:
2322:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2305:, "ruled"),
2302:
2290:
2275:
2274:
2153:Middle power
2080:Vassal state
2074:Buffer state
2072:
2048:Puppet state
2043:Protectorate
2019:Client state
2009:Principality
1835:Distributism
1777:Presidential
1655:Dictatorship
1579:Gerontocracy
1501:rule by many
1474:
1458:Part of the
1221:Illegitimate
1216:Family trees
1081:Conservatism
1046:Royal assent
830:Liberal Wars
620:
610:
600:
590:
580:
570:
560:
554:
553:
408:Philosophers
407:
406:
347:Principality
269:
163:Part of the
143:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
3941:"co-ruler,
3782:duumvirātus
3719:Triumvirate
3627:trilogy by
3451:notions of
3385:Bureaucracy
3224:Canada East
3220:Canada West
3076:Druk Gyalpo
3055:, with the
3003:condominium
2979:1278 treaty
2878:Afghanistan
2859:was killed
2825:Mihrdat III
2568:Druk Gyalpo
2431:Inca Empire
2158:Great power
2143:Small power
2085:Viceroyalty
1956:Nationalism
1820:Colonialism
1800:Libertarian
1762:Directorial
1639:rule by one
1619:Technocracy
1614:Stratocracy
1594:Meritocracy
1584:Kleptocracy
1574:Aristocracy
1376:Interregnum
1341:Regnal list
1246:presumptive
1071:Bonapartism
1017:Royal guard
980:Appointment
945:Aristocracy
770:Magna Carta
736:Zhirinovsky
639:Politicians
566:(1265-1266)
494:Kierkegaard
155:Alonso Cano
151: 1641
4390:Categories
4162:31 January
4128:2010-11-02
4044:9 November
3960:"biarchy,
3869:"diarchy,
3829:References
3566:In fiction
3560:Ndlovukati
3524:soft power
3471:Dwitunggal
3433:Queen Mary
3429:matriarchy
3345:After the
3246:made the "
3137:Communists
3135:, whereby
2987:Maastricht
2975:pari passu
2864: 904
2837:Hungarians
2725:oligarchic
2675:See also:
2650:San Marino
2622:San Marino
2576:Parliament
2495:ex officio
2461:Formal use
2451:San Marino
2419:Polynesian
2311:duumvirate
2163:Superpower
2119:Superstate
2114:Federation
2109:Devolution
2095:Federalism
1936:City-state
1609:Plutocracy
1604:Particracy
1468:government
1361:Succession
1233:Figurehead
1184:Coronation
1133:Luxembourg
1113:Legitimism
1108:Jacobitism
671:Metternich
602:Patriarcha
499:Dostoevsky
429:Bellarmine
402:Philosophy
352:Real union
317:Hereditary
203:Monarchism
117:March 2017
87:newspapers
32:dual power
4401:Diarchies
4080:8 October
3888:"Dyarchy"
3834:Citations
3789:duovirate
3731:Decemviri
3725:Tetrarchy
3713:Coregency
3601:high king
3552:Ngwenyama
3457:Indonesia
3449:Confucian
3447:Owing to
3425:George VI
3322:, former
3072:Druk Desi
3057:Wangchuck
2914:shogunate
2845:war-chief
2612:executive
2572:Je Khenpo
2511:Catalonia
2503:president
2447:Catalonia
2391:Tamilakam
2380:coregency
1990:Unitarism
1966:Globalism
1872:Religious
1860:Tribalism
1850:Socialism
1845:Feudalism
1830:Despotism
1825:Communism
1815:Anarchism
1752:Communist
1699:Stateless
1689:Anarchism
1650:Despotism
1634:Autocracy
1624:Theocracy
1589:Kritarchy
1557:Oligarchy
1542:Socialist
1496:Democracy
1381:Rebellion
1366:Anti-king
1351:Sovereign
1302:Pretender
1253:Kingmaker
1189:Criticism
1140:Orléanism
1118:Miguelism
1098:Despotism
1066:Alfonsism
1010:Favourite
1000:Camarilla
990:Household
955:Oligarchy
950:Autocracy
726:Churchill
592:Leviathan
572:Monarchia
514:Bainville
389:Universal
362:Coregency
332:Pentarchy
255:Composite
76:"Diarchy"
28:coregency
4123:93012226
3707:Monarchy
3696:See also
3662:Avenue 5
3413:Lü Buwei
3238:for the
3209:colonial
3181:deposed
3162:de facto
3153:Scotland
3123:and the
3060:governor
2993:and the
2941:viceroys
2936:de facto
2868:Pannonia
2755:duumviri
2740:imperium
2715:Duumviri
2695:Gerousia
2596:conflict
2558:affirms
2505:and the
2441:and the
2423:Germanic
2411:Carthage
2376:monarchy
2360:duumviri
2352:devolved
2350:, which
2329:corulers
2324:de facto
2319:lawfully
2038:Dominion
1767:Legalist
1747:Absolute
1732:Republic
1727:Monarchy
1599:Noocracy
1569:Anocracy
1522:Economic
1512:Demarchy
1336:Regicide
1280:Nobility
1241:apparent
1145:Royalism
1123:Orangism
1005:Courtier
731:Renouvin
706:Bismarck
701:Castillo
691:Disraeli
681:Polignac
661:Consalvi
562:De Regno
534:Bogdanor
384:Triarchy
379:Tetrarch
374:Signoria
307:Ethnarch
297:Elective
245:Absolute
172:Monarchy
21:Duumviri
4340:Sources
4267:4205172
3810:Russian
3757:dyarchy
3650:Censors
3530:of the
3461:Sukarno
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2959:paréage
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1527:Liberal
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4265:
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2787:Kartli
2761:Kartli
2699:ephors
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2602:, the
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626:(2001)
616:(1796)
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549:Yarvin
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103:
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4327:6 May
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4067:(PDF)
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2910:Japan
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2872:Árpád
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2309:, or
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1150:Ultra
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711:Mella
656:Ruffo
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544:Hoppe
524:Evola
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4119:LCCN
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