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lifetime. Even
Schliemann himself rectified his initial description of the finding circumstances, having sent away foreign helpers and recovering the items only in the presence of his wife. Since its whereabouts have not been publicly known for half a century, modern scientific analysis of the artifacts and therefore proof or disproof of Schliemann's claims were impossible for a long period of time.
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save it for archaeology, … I immediately had "paidos" (lunch break) called. … While the men were eating and resting, I cut out the
Treasure with a large knife…. It would, however, have been impossible for me to have removed the Treasure without the help of my dear wife, who stood by me ready to pack the things which I cut out in her shawl and to carry them away.
220:, a hilltop at the south end of the Trojan Plain. Disappointed there, Schliemann was about to give up his explorations when Calvert suggested excavating the mound of Hissarlik. Guided to the site by Calvert, Schliemann conducted excavations there in 1871–73 and 1878–79, uncovering the ruins of a series of ancient cities, dating from the
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Later, starting in the 1840s, Frank
Calvert (1828–1908), an English expatriate who was an enthusiastic amateur archaeologist as well as a consular official in the eastern Mediterranean region, began exploratory excavations on the mound, part of which was on a farm belonging to his family, and ended
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In excavating this wall further and directly by the side of the palace of King Priam, I came upon a large copper article of the most remarkable form, which attracted my attention all the more as I thought I saw gold behind it. … In order to withdraw the treasure from the greed of my workmen, and to
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Correlating with the criticism on
Schliemann's methods and motivations, doubts about the authenticity of the treasure have been voiced. Notions are it not being a singular find, but rather a composite, and the nomenclature, as the described layer of origin is now agreed to be prior to King Priam's
428:, the Soviet government denied any knowledge of the fate of Priam's Treasure. Rumours abounded: that was in a vault in Leningrad (closest to the truth), that it was secretly owned by an American millionaire, and that the hoard had been melted down to fund a Nazi pension fund. Finally, in 1994 the
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Schliemann's oft-repeated story of the treasure being carried by his wife, Sophie, in her shawl was untrue. Schliemann later admitted making it up, saying that at the time of the discovery Sophie was in fact with her family in Athens, following the death of her father.
231:
His and
Calvert's findings included the thousands of artefacts – such as diadems of woven gold, rings, bracelets, intricate earrings and necklaces, buttons, belts and brooches – which Schliemann chose to call "Priam's treasure."
370:
Apparently, Schliemann smuggled Priam's
Treasure out of Anatolia. Officials were informed when his wife, Sophia, wore Helen of Troy's golden diadem and necklaces in public. The Ottoman official assigned to watch the excavation,
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181:. The layer in which Priam's Treasure was alleged to have been found was assigned to Troy II, whereas Priam would have been king of Troy VI or VII, occupied hundreds of years later.
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which take place in what is now northwestern Turkey. At the time the stratigraphy at Troy had not been solidified, which was done subsequently by the archaeologist
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period. Schliemann declared one of these cities—at first Troy I, later Troy II—to be the city of Troy, and this identification was widely accepted at that time.
375:, received a prison sentence. The Ottoman government revoked Schliemann's permission to dig and sued him for its share of the gold. Schliemann went on to
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Schliemann described one great moment of discovery, which supposedly occurred on or about May 27, 1873, in his typically colorful, if unreliable, manner:
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Federal Law on
Cultural Valuables Displaced to the USSR as a Result of the Second World War and Located on the Territory of the Russian Federation
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Art News article, originally published in April 1991 revealing the secret Soviet collections of looted art, including the
Schliemann collection.
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Heinrich
Schliemann: Troy and Its Remains: A Narrative of Researches and Discoveries Made on the Site of Ilium, and in the Trojan Plain
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BBC radio documentary on art looted by the
Soviets at the end of World War II, with special mention of the Schliemann collection
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turned the treasure over to the Soviet Art Committee, saving it from plunder and division. The artefacts were then flown to
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Meanwhile, Heinrich Schliemann, a wealthy international entrepreneur who had achieved a PhD in Classics from the
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were consigned to the realms of legend. As early as 1822, however, the famed Scottish journalist and geologist
173:. This assignment is now thought to be a result of Schliemann's zeal to find sites and objects mentioned in the
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Undiscovered : the fascinating world of undiscovered places, graves, wrecks and treasure
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321:"), 8750 gold rings, buttons and other small objects, six gold bracelets, two gold goblets
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Between Past and Present: Archaeology, Ideology and Nationalism in the Modern Middle East
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as compensation for the destruction of Russian cities and looting of Russian museums by
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in 1869, had begun searching in Turkey for the site of the historical Troy, starting at
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205:(Çanakkale) in north-western Anatolia, Turkey, as a possible site of Homeric Troy.
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A catalog of artifacts from Schliemann's excavations at Troy, with photographs.
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six wrought silver knife blades (which Schliemann put forward as money)
607:. New York: Random House. pp. 6–11, 20, 41, 60–63, 78, 223, 255.
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in exchange for permission to dig at Troy again. It is located in the
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A partial catalogue of the treasure is approximately as follows:
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Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts collection of Schliemann's treasure
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Later Schliemann traded some treasure to the government of the
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Artifacts found by classical archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann
554:. Oxford UK: Clio Press - Large Print Edition. p. 189.
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up amassing a large collection of artefacts from the site.
151:(also known as Troy) on the northwestern coast of modern
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an unknown copper artifact, perhaps the hasp of a chest
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With the rise of modern critical history, Troy and the
155:. The majority of the artifacts are currently in the
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The Gold of Troy. Searching for Homer's Fabled City
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
169:, and assigned the artifacts to the Homeric king
786:Art and cultural repatriation after World War II
662:Tolstikov, Vladimir; Treister, Mikhail (1996).
461:Heinrich Schliemann § Legacy and criticism
237:
603:Akinsha, Konstantin; Kozlov, Grigorii (1995).
361:other copper artifacts with the key to a chest
8:
136:and other artifacts discovered by classical
346:three silver vases with fused copper parts
162:Schliemann claimed the site to be that of
723:Calvert's Heirs Claim Schliemann Treasure
340:cup (mixture of gold, silver, and copper)
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
532:, Cambridge University Press, page 197.
683:Schliemann of Troy: Treasure and Deceit
475:
432:admitted it possessed the Trojan gold.
394:. The rest was acquired in 1881 by the
264:Engastromenos) wearing the "Jewels of
509:, Kluwer Law International, page 63.
486:, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, page 133.
435:Russia keeps what the West terms the
288:The "big" diadem in modern exhibition
7:
584:Atkinson, Rick (September 6, 1993).
330:two gold cups, one wrought, one cast
55:adding citations to reliable sources
503:Urice, Stephen K., editor (2007).
333:a number of red terracotta goblets
313:a silver vase containing two gold
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816:Findings in Turkey outside Turkey
806:Antiquities in the Pushkin Museum
586:"Trojan treasure unlocks art war"
529:The Return of Cultural Treasures
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781:1873 archaeological discoveries
506:Law, Ethics and the Visual Arts
42:needs additional citations for
646:Smith, Philip, editor (1976).
631:Silberman, Neil Asher (1989).
383:sent an agent to monitor him.
307:a copper cauldron with handles
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791:Tourist attractions in Moscow
526:Greenfield, Jeanette (2007).
399:(Königliche Museen zu Berlin)
349:more silver goblets and vases
482:Moorehead, Caroline (1994).
381:Greek Archaeological Society
268:" excavated by her husband,
197:had identified the mound at
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697:In Search of the Trojan War
392:Istanbul Archaeology Museum
352:thirteen copper lance heads
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761:Art collections in Germany
484:The Lost Treasures of Troy
458:
447:. A 1998 Russian law, the
776:Treasure troves in Turkey
766:Art collections in Russia
650:, Arno Press, New York,
404:After the capture of the
699:, New American Library,
23:Part of Priam's treasure
811:Russia–Turkey relations
396:Royal Museums of Berlin
695:Wood, Michael (1987).
685:, St. Martin's Press,
681:Traill, David (1997).
379:. There, however, the
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327:a wrought gold bottle
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214:University of Rostock
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550:Wilson, Ian (1989).
358:seven copper daggers
355:fourteen copper axes
51:improve this article
821:Heinrich Schliemann
666:. Harry N. Abrams.
270:Heinrich Schliemann
201:, near the town of
145:Heinrich Schliemann
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296:The "small" diadem
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276:(photograph taken
66:"Priam's Treasure"
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592:on July 16, 2012.
418:Wilhelm Unverzagt
258:Sophia Schliemann
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195:Charles Maclaren
130:Priam's Treasure
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107:November 2022
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590:the original
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455:Authenticity
445:World War II
441:Nazi Germany
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416:, Professor
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373:Amin Effendi
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49:Please help
44:verification
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412:during the
179:Carl Blegen
159:in Moscow.
755:Categories
738:Looted Art
626:References
459:See also:
437:looted art
222:Bronze Age
191:Trojan War
185:Background
77:newspapers
801:Art crime
406:Zoo Tower
218:Pınarbaşı
199:Hissarlik
149:Hissarlik
426:Cold War
410:Red Army
338:electrum
274:Hisarlik
249:Treasure
730:at the
408:by the
377:Mycenae
315:diadems
224:to the
164:Homeric
91:scholar
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203:Chanak
153:Turkey
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826:Priam
470:Notes
319:Helen
280:1874)
272:, in
266:Helen
226:Roman
171:Priam
98:JSTOR
84:books
771:Troy
701:ISBN
687:ISBN
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511:ISBN
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