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in
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was a Quaker) also began affixing physical tags to items in the 1870s, eliminating haggling. This allowed shorter training time for new clerks (who would no longer need to know the art of haggling nor the range of accepted prices for every item) and allowed clerks to serve more customers.
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chain of grocery stores was the first to become self-service in 1916, further cementing the need for price tags. Price tags soon became commonplace in
Western retail stores, and haggling rare outside of proprietors and individuals selling used items.
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are allowed) or different types of customers (e.g. individuals vs. organizations that might be expected to buy in bulk or have better creditworthiness). For example, the 1936
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Even large stores kept goods behind a counter, requiring clerks to fetch items for customers. The
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Creative
Conflict: A Practical Guide for Business Negotiators
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Typical price tag with security cuts, for 99¢ + tax
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23:. For violence aimed at Palestinians, see
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209:except for different quantities (e.g.
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