701:(often misattributed as private member's bill) is one that is introduced by a member of Parliament who is not a minister. There can be a maximum of eight members' bills on the Order Paper awaiting their first reading at any one time. When a slot opens up, a ballot is held to select a new members' bill for introduction; each MP can submit only one member's bill at a time to the ballot. Every second Wednesday is reserved for debating members' bills, although this rule is overridden when certain government business is before the House, such as the Budget. Even when a Wednesday is devoted to members' bills, any private or local bills on the Order Paper are considered first.
415:
daily
Private Members' Hours. Under rules established in 1986, 20 items of private members' business are selected at random to receive priority in debate. Six of these items are chosen by a committee to be votable and must come to a vote in the House. Prior to the 1986 rules, private members' bills and motions could be "talked out", meaning that all the time allocated to private members' bills could be used up introducing or debating bills without them ever being voted on, as each bill must be voted on after the second hour of debate. (The ramifications of the 1986 rules were discussed in the
686:
821:, although this is usually used just to raise an issue rather than legislate on it, or through presentation without debate under Standing Order 57. Neither Ten Minute Rule or presentation bills are likely to get time to be debated, so only non-controversial bills have any chance of success. Private members' bills from the Lords may also be adopted by an MP to complete their journey through Parliament.
49:
719:(2020–23), a member's bill can be introduced directly if it has the support of at least 61 non-executive members of Parliament. This allows members' bills with broad support to avoid the ballot process, while excluding executive members prevents the member's bill process being an alternative way of progressing Government business.
280:
since 1901 have been passed into law. Of these, thirteen have been initiated by senators, ten by members and seven by the
Speaker and Senate President. A larger number have passed one house but not the other. An even larger number did not pass the house in which they were introduced and thus lapsed.
386:
award in 1996). Its initial aims were to limit physical chastisement by banning the use of implements (belts, sticks, hairbrushes, etc.), ban the use of force above the shoulders (thus preventing neck, head, brain and facial injuries), and require that any physical force applied leave only trivial
937:
the bill, stopping further progress by preventing a vote. The bill's proponent can force a vote only with the support of at least a hundred members (and a majority of those voting). As many MPs return to their constituencies on
Thursday night, this has the practical effect of blocking all private
414:
by a member of parliament who is neither a cabinet minister nor a parliamentary secretary. A private member's bill follows the same legislative process as a government bill, but the time allocated for its consideration is restricted. Private members' bills may be considered only during one of the
432:
When an election is called, all bills that have not been passed die on the order paper (that is, they are removed from the agenda of
Parliament, and must be re-introduced in the new session of Parliament after an election). In the House of Commons (but not in the Senate), private members' bills
941:
It is quite possible for the first bill to take up all five hours, preventing any other bill on the agenda from being debated. Any bill not debated may receive second reading without debate at the end of the session, but a single shout of "object!" will delay consideration to a future date;
845:. In some cases, measures that a government does not want to take responsibility for may be introduced by backbenchers, with the government secretly or openly backing the measure and ensuring its passage. They are sometimes known as "handouts" or "whips' bills". The
532:. For private members' bills proposed for the particular interest or benefit of any individual, association or body corporate, a fee of HK$ 33,500 for amendment bills, and HK$ 67,000 for principal bills must also be paid to the Director of Accounting Services.
387:
and short-lived signs such as redness (that is, no bruising, swelling, welts, cuts, grazes, internal injuries, emotional trauma, etc.); with the exception of the clause banning the use of implements (which was dropped to gain essential support from the
942:
Government and opposition whips routinely block contentious private members' bills in this way. Another date for second reading will also be set for bills which have been talked out. This is a formality; the bill will be put to the bottom of the
353:
to amend the Crimes Act of 1900. The first successfully enacted (or indeed introduced) bill in over 100 years to address the protection of children from abuse and excessive physical chastisement. It received very wide support from
630:
by an MK who is neither a cabinet minister nor a deputy minister. The number of private members' bills an individual MK can submit is restricted, and their introduction requires approval by the
Knesset Presidium (composed of the
220:" introduced by the executive, with private members' bills the exception; however, some time is set aside in the schedule for reading such bills. They may be introduced by non-ministerial MPs from government-supporting parties (
605:
Five of these were passed in 1956 alone and after 47 years of passing the last bill, the
Supreme Court (Enlargement of Criminal Appellate Jurisdiction) Bill, 1968 that became an Act on 9 August 1970; Rajya Sabha has passed the
302:
Another very notable private member's bill was the
Euthanasia Laws Bill 1996, which deprived the Northern Territory, Australian Capital Territory and Norfolk Island legislatures of the power to make laws permitting
653:
parliaments, the number of private members' bills introduced in the
Knesset is very large: Between 2000 and 2016, the number of private members' bills introduced before the Knesset was 22,949, a world record.
244:
has a long history of enacting private members' bills: a slight majority of the laws passed by it originated as private members' bills, and thousands more are introduced without being passed. In contrast, the
804:
331:
1454:
273:
In
Australia, a draft bill is prepared by Parliamentary Counsel, acting under instructions from the private member. After community consultation, the member introduces the bill into the Parliament.
925:
Unlike
Government bills, debates are not timetabled and there is no guarantee that the debate will finish within the time available. MPs opposed to a private member's bill, including Government
953:, which may make amendments. The amended version of the bill will then return to the Commons. To become law, it must also successfully negotiate report stage and third reading, as well as the
824:
Private members' bills can sometimes become the cause for much anxiety and shenanigans, as outside individuals or organisations seek to influence members who have been selected in the ballot.
1158:
478:
The new rules took effect in 1986. In the 24 years between 5 November 1984 and 7 September 2008, 81 private members' bills passed. Passage was (and is) more likely during the periods of
957:. Contentious bills are likely to run out of parliamentary time unless the government allocates some; any pending private members' bills lapse at the end of each parliamentary session.
960:
Private members' bills may also originate in the House of Lords. To become law, these bills must be adopted by an MP and passed in the same way as a bill originated in the Commons.
1082:
469:. Chrétien got his bill voted on by convincing the other MPs scheduled to speak during Private Member's Hour to skip their speech and instead request an immediate vote on the bill.
1272:
750:
642:, a private member's bill cannot be withdrawn after its committee stage, which occurs between first and second readings. In addition, private members' bills must undergo a
744:
529:
295:
of the Nationalist Party on 16 July 1924, passed by the Senate on 23 July, passed by the House of Representatives on 24 July – both times with little debate – and given
1484:
1724:
1507:
872:
1462:
817:
to introduce a bill. These bills are given priority for debate and generally offer the best chance of success. Additional bills may be introduced via the
841:
Only a small proportion of private members' bills are enacted. This is generally because of lack of time – a controversial private member's bill can be
1009:
544:, barely 4% were discussed; 96% lapsed without even a single debate in the House. To date, Parliament has passed a total of 14 private members' bills.
1180:
880:
66:
607:
312:
760:
888:
371:
316:
1276:
1621:
350:
892:
339:
113:
949:
Even if second reading is passed, a bill is likely to need the support of the government to become law. The bill will be referred to
253:
rarely passes private members' bills, with the overwhelming number of bills being passed being introduced by members of the cabinet.
979:
635:
and their deputies), who are allowed to reject bills which are racist in their essence or reject the Jewish character of the state.
503:
on 28 June 1988) restricting smoking in federally regulated workplaces and on airplanes, trains and ships. The bill was passed in a
425:
situations. The vast majority of private members' bills that actually do become law are for the purpose of changing the name of the
202:
132:
85:
1406:
574:
Historical Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains (Declaration of National Importance) Bill introduced by Raghubir Sinh in
1370:
984:
896:
1699:
989:
92:
1694:
1566:
299:
on 31 July. Despite much public debate ever since on the issue of compulsory voting, the legislation has never been repealed.
732:
479:
422:
335:
70:
507:
of the House of Commons despite being voted against by all members of the federal cabinet, including the Minister of Health.
421:, 1988, Vol 11, No. 3.) Even under the new rules, very few private members' bills become law. But passage is more likely in
1734:
1540:
1348:
1213:
484:
417:
726:
99:
1729:
1689:
813:, there are several routes to introducing private members' bills. In each session, twenty backbench MPs are selected by
738:
586:
The Orphanages and other Charitable Homes (Supervision and Control) Bill introduced by Kailash Bihari Lal in Rajya Sabha
555:
525:
499:
succeeded in getting her private member's bill, the "Non-smokers' Health Act" (aka Bill C-204), passed in 1986, (given
1719:
900:
756:
716:
482:. The ramifications of the 1986 rules and new probability of success of private members bills were discussed in the
81:
411:
320:
308:
225:
1298:
922:. Five hours of time are available each day, and several private members' bills are scheduled for each session.
520:
prohibits private members' bills that relate to public expenditure, political structure or the operation of the
919:
810:
233:
1643:
685:
173:(executive). Other labels may be used for the concept in other parliamentary systems; for example, the label
1669:
521:
327:
on the issue, and each side of the debate was supported by members and senators from all political parties.
277:
59:
1595:
1188:
674:
632:
562:
391:
383:
284:
Among the most notable of the successful bills was the Commonwealth Electoral Bill 1924, which introduced
206:
182:
1704:
950:
926:
643:
568:
The Proceedings of Legislature (Protection of Publication) Bill introduced by Feroze Gandhi in Lok Sabha
458:
434:
379:
217:
1055:
776:
492:
170:
166:
106:
992:, which has a different meaning in the US compared to the other countries mentioned in this article.
601:
The SC (enlargement of Criminal Appellate Jurisdiction) Bill introduced by Anand Narain in Lok Sabha
571:
The Women's and Children's Institutions (Licensing) Bill introduced by Rajmata Kamlendu in Lok Sabha
1362:
1344:
969:
517:
457:
One of the bills passed under the old (pre-1986) rules was a 1964 private member's bill to rename "
250:
178:
150:
1029:
854:
780:
709:
650:
210:
162:
1208:
1104:
209:, the concept does not arise since bills are always introduced by legislators (or sometimes by
1515:
912:
884:
846:
792:
662:
426:
285:
190:
1695:
UK Parliament website: The result of the Private Members' Bill ballot for the current session
946:, will likely be objected to on each future occasion and has no practical chance of success.
595:
The Salaries and Allowances of MP (Amendment) Bill introduced by Raghunath Singh in Lok Sabha
1247:
1115:
876:
764:
466:
359:
198:
158:
704:
The ballot to select new members' bills is conducted by drawing numbered counters out of a
610:
on April 24, 2015, which was introduced in the lower house, Lok Sabha on 26 February 2016.
362:
and was backed by several prominent members of the medical profession, particularly in the
27:
In some parliaments a bill introduced by a member not on behalf of the executive government
17:
1345:
Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
1041:
930:
818:
619:
403:
388:
355:
324:
1128:
Senate public bills are legislative proposals not introduced on behalf of the government.
583:
The Code of Criminal Procedure (Amendment) Bill introduced by Subhadra Joshi in Lok Sabha
1328:
448:
In the 98 years from 4 May 1910 to 7 September 2008, 229 private members' bills passed.
954:
862:
850:
657:
However, this is a relatively recent phenomenon – while only 6% of laws passed by the
1713:
1243:
915:
as any other bill. In practice, the procedural barriers to passage are much greater.
871:
Other private members' bills to have been enacted include the Adoption Act 1964, the
689:
The biscuit tin and numbered counters used to select new member's bill in New Zealand
658:
639:
496:
292:
1670:"House of Commons - Standing Orders of the House of Commons - Public Business 2005"
1435:
974:
500:
346:
296:
257:
237:
229:
31:
1363:"Information note on presentation of bills by Members of the Legislative Council"
779:, any member may submit a private member's bill, called a representative's bill (
592:
The Hindu Marriage (Amendment) Bill introduced by Diwan Chand Sharma in Lok Sabha
1508:"Biscuit tin democracy: the humble start of New Zealand's most progressive laws"
943:
865:
858:
705:
694:
646:, while government bills go to first reading directly when they are introduced.
580:
The Hindu Marriage (Amendment) Bill introduced by Seeta Parmanand in Rajya Sabha
575:
524:. Private members' bills that involve government policies must be agreed by the
221:
154:
48:
35:
712:. As a result, the member's bill process is nicknamed "biscuit tin democracy".
598:
Indian Penal Code (Amendment) Bill introduced by Diwan Chand Lal in Rajya Sabha
934:
842:
462:
363:
304:
276:
Only 30 private members' bills or private senators' bills introduced into the
246:
1519:
747:– removed "reasonable force" legal defence for assault of children by parents
1083:"The passage of private members' and senators' bills through the Parliament"
541:
504:
1141:
837:
Lobbying a member of parliament who has a private member's bill coming up.
787:). The other method of initiating legislation is by a "Proposition to the
638:
Unlike government bills, which can be withdrawn at any point before their
1393:
1331:
Legislation and Applied Economics in the Pursuit of Public Health: Canada
918:
Time is allocated for private members' bills on 13 Fridays a year in the
831:
661:
where introduced as private members' bills, the equivalent share for the
289:
729:– allowed adult adoptees to access information about their birth parents
1299:"Legacy of Former Prime Minister Jean Chrétien | Mapleleafweb.com"
627:
367:
241:
814:
551:
The Muslim Wakfs Bill introduced by Syed Md. Ahmed Kasmi in Lok Sabha
375:
722:
Notable legislation passed as a result of a member's bill includes:
528:. Whether the bill involves such issues are to be determined by the
260:, which is a bill that only affects an individual citizen or group.
1273:"Private Members' Public Bills Passed by Parliament: 1910 to Date"
868:
the Bill was given enough government time to allow a full debate.
684:
589:
The Marine Insurance Bill introduced by MP Bhargava in Rajya Sabha
1209:"Private Members' Business: What's Happened Under the New Rules?"
1142:
Private Member's Bills - Comparative Analysis and Recommendations
708:, purchased in the 1980s from now-defunct department store chain
673:
As of September 2021, no private member's bill was passed in the
1411:
763:
to give people with a terminal illness the option of requesting
547:
Following are the 14 Private Members' Bills which were passed:-
853:
through this means: with the Bill itself being introduced by a
540:
Of the 300 or so private members' bills introduced in the 14th
332:
Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017
1455:"Encourage Private Member's Bills, says constitutional expert"
1144:(Report). The Israel Democracy Institute. Policy Paper No. 32.
805:
Private Members' Bills in the Parliament of the United Kingdom
554:
The Code of Criminal Procedure (Amendment) Bill introduced by
338:
throughout Australia on 9 December 2017. It was introduced by
42:
1705:
House of Commons Factsheet: Success of Private Members' Bills
1700:
House of Commons Factsheet: Private Members' Bills Procedure
394:
for the bill), it was passed intact and became law in 2001.
1407:"Lok Sabha Takes Up Bill To End Transgender Discrimination"
1010:"Part 3: Stages of Bills – special cases (Members' Bills)"
911:
In principle, private members' bills follow much the same
288:
for federal elections. This was introduced by Senator for
161:. The designation "private member's bill" is used in most
1567:"Review of Standing Orders 2020 – New Zealand Parliament"
345:
Notable also was the private member's bill introduced by
201:. In legislatures where the executive does not have the
1275:. Parliament of Canada. 30 January 2009. Archived from
1267:
1265:
827:
There are two principal routes for influencing UK law:
561:
The Indian Registration (Amendment) Bill introduced by
440:
Notable private members bills have been the following:
256:
A private member's bill is not to be confused with a
751:
Marriage (Definition of Marriage) Amendment Act 2013
157:by a legislator who is not acting on behalf of the
73:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1238:
1236:
891:, the Mental Health (Discrimination) Act 2003 the
745:Crimes (Substituted Section 59) Amendment Act 2007
165:jurisdictions, in which a "private member" is any
1590:
1588:
1485:"Lucky dip leads to ground-breaking law changes"
1014:How Parliament Works – Guidance on Public Bills
433:remain on the order paper when Parliament is
8:
1506:Graham-McLay, Charlotte (17 December 2019).
1153:
1151:
873:Murder (Abolition of Death Penalty) Act 1965
735:– decriminalised homosexual acts between men
429:represented by the MP introducing the bill.
216:In the Westminster system, most bills are "
1244:"Liberal MP introduces war resisters bill"
881:Law Reform (Year and a Day Rule) Act 1996
133:Learn how and when to remove this message
889:British Nationality (Hong Kong) Act 1997
608:Rights of Transgender Persons Bill, 2014
1392:Private Bills Ordinance (Cap. 69)
1202:
1200:
1198:
1001:
319:. Although Andrews was a member of the
313:Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
1037:
1027:
938:members' bills without solid support.
323:, members and senators were allowed a
1690:UK Parliament website: Bill Procedure
1487:. New Zealand Parliament. 7 June 2017
372:Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children
317:Rights of the Terminally Ill Act 1995
7:
834:a government department or minister.
618:In Israel, a private member's bill (
402:In Canada, a private member's bill (
71:adding citations to reliable sources
1725:Proposed laws of the United Kingdom
727:Adult Adoption Information Act 1985
623:
351:New South Wales Legislative Council
893:Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003
861:; through the support from Labour
25:
1453:Jason Thomas (7 September 2021).
1207:Lever, Nora (14 September 2020).
1081:Muller, Damon (6 December 2017).
1060:New Zealand Parliament – Features
980:Right of initiative (legislative)
408:projet de loi émanant d'un député
342:, Senator for Western Australia.
1371:Legislative Council of Hong Kong
985:Motion (parliamentary procedure)
901:Sustainable Communities Act 2007
897:Gangmasters (Licensing) Act 2004
465:", introduced by then-rookie MP
311:, Member for Menzies, after the
169:(MP) who is not a member of the
47:
1541:"The House: Biscuit tin gamble"
990:Table (parliamentary procedure)
264:Private member's bill by region
58:needs additional citations for
1105:"Senate Procedure in Practice"
733:Homosexual Law Reform Act 1986
626:) is a bill introduced in the
480:minority governments in Canada
410:) is a bill introduced in the
378:(who had been honoured by the
263:
1:
1214:Canadian Parliamentary Review
785:representantforslag lovvedtak
753:– legalised same-sex marriage
741:– decriminalised prostitution
530:Legislative Council President
485:Canadian Parliamentary Review
418:Canadian Parliamentary Review
330:A private member's bill, the
1434:לפיד, יאיר (15 March 2017).
933:, will routinely attempt to
739:Prostitution Reform Act 2003
1573:. July 2020. pp. 34–35
1159:"Private Members' business"
757:End of Life Choice Act 2019
665:is 53%, a slight majority.
315:had passed such a law, the
18:Private members' bills
1751:
1674:publications.parliament.uk
1650:(in Norwegian). Stortinget
1624:(in Norwegian). Stortinget
1349:National People's Congress
907:House of Commons procedure
802:
29:
1648:Stortinget og demokratiet
1161:. Parliament of Australia
1085:. Parliament of Australia
1016:. The Scottish Parliament
877:Charter Trustees Act 1985
358:organisations related to
307:. This was introduced by
1351:. 4 April 1990. art. 74.
1181:"Parliamentary Handbook"
360:child health and welfare
30:Not to be confused with
1436:"עוצרים את טירוף החקקת"
1317:Straight From the Heart
488:, 1988, Vol 11, No. 3.
232:or backbencher), or by
82:"Private member's bill"
857:Member of Parliament,
809:In the United Kingdom
784:
690:
633:Speaker of the Knesset
407:
384:Australian of the Year
207:United States Congress
187:private senator's bill
183:New Zealand Parliament
1622:"Representantforslag"
1329:Sweanor and K. Kyle,
951:public bill committee
688:
459:Trans-Canada Airlines
452:Before the 1986 rules
382:with the prestigious
380:Australian Government
278:Australian Parliament
147:private member's bill
1735:Parliament of Canada
1303:www.mapleleafweb.com
1191:on 7 September 2007.
1140:Klein, Eran (2002).
913:parliamentary stages
777:Parliament of Norway
675:Malaysian parliament
474:After the 1986 rules
249:(parliament) of the
167:member of parliament
67:improve this article
1730:Parliament of India
1465:on 7 September 2021
1459:Free Malaysia Today
1315:See Jean Chrétien,
1279:on 15 December 2015
1250:. 17 September 2009
970:Bill (proposed law)
849:was enacted in the
644:preliminary reading
518:Hong Kong Basic Law
423:minority government
251:Republic of Ireland
203:right of initiative
179:Scottish Parliament
151:bill (proposed law)
1720:Westminster system
1547:. 5 September 2018
1415:. 27 February 2016
1062:. 16 February 2024
761:binding referendum
715:Starting with the
691:
651:Westminster system
649:Compared to other
516:Article 74 of the
211:popular initiative
163:Westminster system
153:introduced into a
1571:www.parliament.nz
847:Abortion Act 1967
759:– provided for a
663:Fifteenth Knesset
336:same-sex marriage
286:compulsory voting
224:), by members of
191:Australian Senate
143:
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135:
117:
16:(Redirected from
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1461:. Archived from
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1248:The Toronto Star
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1187:. Archived from
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1116:Senate of Canada
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1056:"Types of Bills"
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1021:
1006:
920:House of Commons
811:House of Commons
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412:House of Commons
392:Labor Government
218:government bills
199:Senate of Canada
159:executive branch
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1602:. Stortinget
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1512:The Guardian
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1489:. Retrieved
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1463:the original
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1305:. June 2006.
1302:
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1283:23 September
1281:. Retrieved
1277:the original
1254:19 September
1252:. Retrieved
1223:. Retrieved
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1189:the original
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1120:. Retrieved
1112:sencanada.ca
1111:
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1087:. Retrieved
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975:Private bill
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65:Please help
60:verification
57:
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32:Private bill
1469:8 September
1118:. June 2015
944:order paper
866:Roy Jenkins
859:David Steel
791:" from the
706:biscuit tin
695:New Zealand
681:New Zealand
576:Rajya Sabha
195:public bill
185:, the term
155:legislature
36:Private law
1714:Categories
1600:Dictionary
1577:14 October
997:References
793:Government
563:SC Samanta
522:Government
463:Air Canada
364:paediatric
340:Dean Smith
305:euthanasia
247:Oireachtas
226:opposition
123:April 2010
93:newspapers
1520:0261-3077
1040:ignored (
1030:cite book
927:ministers
781:Norwegian
542:Lok Sabha
512:Hong Kong
505:free vote
435:prorogued
370:, CEO of
269:Australia
228:parties (
1654:13 March
1628:13 March
1606:13 March
1394:§ 3
1334:, p. 79.
1225:26 April
1066:26 April
1020:26 April
964:See also
935:talk out
832:Lobbying
789:Storting
669:Malaysia
290:Tasmania
181:and the
1551:23 July
1525:23 July
1419:8 March
1319:(1990).
1165:17 June
1122:30 June
775:In the
628:Knesset
368:John Yu
349:in the
242:Knesset
171:cabinet
107:scholar
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1440:השילוח
1378:1 June
899:, the
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887:, the
883:, the
879:, the
875:, the
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771:Norway
620:Hebrew
614:Israel
461:" to "
444:Passed
427:riding
404:French
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376:Sydney
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1596:"PQR"
1366:(PDF)
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114:JSTOR
100:books
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1553:2020
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1516:ISSN
1493:2017
1471:2021
1421:2016
1412:NDTV
1380:2023
1285:2009
1256:2009
1227:2024
1167:2022
1124:2022
1091:2020
1068:2024
1042:help
1022:2024
929:and
710:DEKA
697:, a
86:news
1545:RNZ
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693:In
495:MP
493:NDP
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