26:
219:
517:(IMRCC) to rescue two overloaded boats in difficulty. After the POA had reached the boat carrying the migrants, IMRCC informed them that Libya forces had command over the operation, but "told the Open Arms crew to use their judgment". A Libyan coastguard patrol boat reached the scene approximately 30 minutes after all the migrants had been issued with life jackets and all the women and children had been transferred to the POA's RHIBs. Two days later,
490:
316:, that the humanitarian organisations running search and rescue operations in the Central Mediterranean were doing so in collusion with smugglers or were helping them to carry out their deadly trade, concluded that "... the alternative implied by Frontex’s concerns about our rescue operations is to let people drown as a strategy to deter the smugglers".
394:, the nearest port to where the rescue took place. The ship's captain, Adrian Sonneveld, stated that all the instructions concerning the rescue had come from the coast guard control centre in Rome. He added that as the closest port was Lampedusa, "By international maritime law, it is illegal to refuse the
572:
HRW, reporting on the incident, stated that "Proactiva acted to save migrants’ lives and then prevented them from being abused in indefinite detention. It is perverse to try to characterize as criminal a refusal to hand victims to Libyan coast guard forces knowing they could face possible torture and
568:
AI referred to the incident as "reckless disregard for common decency". The statement added that "It is time for
European governments to urgently reset their cooperation with Libya on migration. Their callous complicity with smugglers, criminals and torturers must end and the safety and the rights of
280:
commented that the code of conduct "is the result of a wrong belief that having rescuers attracts migration"; that it "is specifically designed to hinder the work of humanitarian ships" and "has no legal value whatsoever", as it conflicts with international law regarding rescue operations (Gianfranco
584:
MSF criticised the "criminalisation" of the NGOs that rescue migrants at sea, pointing out that "under no circumstances" should the people rescued be returned to Libya, and referring to the impoundment of
Proactiva's ship as "the latest in a series of actions against NGOs that carry out life-saving
602:
noted that "the code has no legal force. It is a treaty agreement between the
Ministry and an individual. I do not find that a violation occurred, and if it did, it certainly would not constitute a crime." He went on to add that, "information to the flag state qualifies more as a commitment, while
292:
Previously, experts on migration policy had commented that EU politicians and policy makers have repeatedly declared they are ‘at war’ with the smugglers and that they intend to ‘break the smugglers business model’. "The evidence from our research suggests that smuggling is driven, rather than
250:
In
September the first volunteers arrived on the Greek island to collaborate in rescue operations. In the beginning, the only materials available to them was basic diving equipment. Their main activities were to guide and assist the migrants to arrive safely on the shore.
620:
harbor with some 278 migrants on board and waited for permission to dock. After a week of waiting, on 17 September 2020, 75 migrants jumped overboard and tried to swim to the shore. The 75 were finally picked up by the
Italian coast guard, while 188 remained on the
438:
to place stickers on the side. Defend Europe's action came shortly after POA founder Oscar Camps had accused the anti-immigration activists of falsifying data, posting images of false boat positions, and making "threats by radio". He also stated that "our
429:
stated: "Life for NGOs is becoming dangerous. There is a strategy of dissuasion and intimidation, and strong pressure by the
Libyans in order for (NGOs) to stop operating at sea". That same day, a speedboat operated by anti-immigration activists
338:
and the number of migrants arriving in Italy, stating that "SAR (search and rescue) operations reduce mortality risks (or conversely, the absence of SAR operations leads to more deaths), and has little or no effect on the number of arrivals".
1605:
1339:
301:. They’ve backed themselves into a political corner where it’s very difficult to do anything else" (Professor Heaven Crawley, Coventry University's Centre for Trust, Peace and Social Relations). At the end of 2016
573:
rape in Libyan detention centers". The report went on to explain that "international human rights and refugee law prohibits returning anyone to a place where they face a real risk of torture or ill-treatment –the
281:
Schiavone, Italian
Association for Legal Studies on Immigration, ASGI); and that application of the code could carry "serious consequences" for rescuers because it could expose them to accusations of aiding
1426:
Photo caption: "Anti-immigration activists aboard a speed craft try to place "Defend Europe" stickers on a RHIB of the
Proactiva Open Arms rescue charity in the Western Mediterranean Sea. August 15, 2017."
175:'s (IMRF) H.E.R.O. (Honouring Excellence in Rescue Operations) Awards for their participation in saving the lives of over 200 people who had capsized their overloaded vessel off the north shore of Lesbos.
1820:
323:, Italy's deputy foreign minister, said it showed a fundamental misunderstanding of so-called "push" and "pull" factors, adding that it was "a misleading controversy being used for internal purposes".
1917:
896:
697:
43 metres in length and 8 metres beam. Based in Malta, this vessel covered the NGO's rescue operations in the central
Mediterranean region and in international waters off the northern coast of Libya.
540:
with 216 of the 218 migrants they had rescued in international waters, 73 miles (117 kilometers) from the coast of Libya. Two of the people rescued, a mother and her sick child, had been evacuated to
1900:
721:
In August 2017 POA vessels were barred by Italy and Malta from disembarking migrants. The POA also came in close contact with the Libyan coastguard who fired warning shots over one of its boats.
595:'s (UNHCR) special envoy for the central Mediterranean, stated that he hoped this incident was not a return of what he called "the campaign we saw in 2017 against NGOs involved in rescue-at-sea".
297:), and that "The problem is there’s a huge political agenda around migration, so the more pragmatic of effective alternatives are being overridden by political aspirations of leaders across the
1546:
1145:
1791:
1779:
2242:
2466:
1298:
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and three small wooden boats had been saved that day in 19 rescue operations by coastguards or NGOs. One person was found dead and ninety-seven people are missing, presumed drowned.
1316:
358:
participated in the rescue of hundreds of people on overloaded wooden vessels and rafts and recovered dozens of corpses –with over two dozen people found dead in one boat alone–.
1425:
1394:
1767:
544:, where the ship is based, before Italian authorities permitted the ship to proceed to Sicily "given the precarious conditions of the migrants and worsening weather forecasts".
1586:
812:
305:
stated that "A lack of leadership, vision, and solidarity based on human rights principles are at the core of the EU’s dismal response to refugee and migration challenges".
2542:
2672:
2537:
1989:
1078:
326:
The view that the rescue NGOs' boats in the
Mediterranean acted as a "pull factor" for migrants and traffickers was also challenged in March 2017 by two academics from
1122:
514:
1702:
1634:
1355:
2569:
592:
509:" unless the lifeguards handed over the women and children on board who were among the 218 people rescued earlier that day by the POA in international waters.
25:
2009:
1212:
2247:
1721:
1232:
993:
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11 March 2018: the POA rescued three brothers who had fled Libya in a rubber dinghy, one of them a 13-year-old boy suffering from leukemia and with an
2224:
2521:
581:
in arbitrary detention exposes Italy and other EU states involved to charges of aiding and abetting in serious human rights violations in detention".
2122:
2116:
980:
738:
172:
1444:
1178:
2481:
1934:«La oenegé Proactiva Open Arms rep el Premi Pere Casaldàliga a la Solidaritat 2016». Festival Internacional Cinema Solidari. Accessed 4 June 2016.
1042:
2176:
1943:
2667:
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1982:
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reported 48 hours later the ship had still not received authorisation to disembark anywhere, after having been refused permission to dock in
370:
24 March 2017: POA lifeguards recovered five corpses from two capsized boats, each of which could hold in overload mode more than 100 people.
171:
In 2016, Proactiva won the H.E.R.O. Award for Outstanding Team Contribution to a Maritime SAR Operation at the first edition of the UK-based
1805:
2359:
1099:
625:. The scene repeated the next day, now with 48 migrants trying to make it ashore. They were also picked up to be later transferred to the
528:(ANSA), reported that the ship had been impounded by Italian authorities and its captain and two other people were being investigated for
346:
and other countries of transit and that state officials, the military, law enforcement, and border guards are also involved in smuggling.
2677:
2596:
2218:
2206:
2200:
1737:
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525:
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who looked at data on rescues and deaths at sea and concluded that there was no correlation between the number of rescue vessels near
741:’s (IMRF) H.E.R.O. (Honouring Excellence in Rescue Operations) Awards for their participation in saving the lives of over 200 people.
384:
rescued three people in international waters 100 miles from the Libyan coast in an operation co-ordinated by the Italian coastguard.
226:
As an NGO, Proactiva developed from Pro-Activa Serveis Aquàtics, a company providing lifeguard and water rescue services, located in
2687:
2682:
2425:
146:(SAR) at sea. Set up in October 2015, it carried out its first rescue action that same month from its base on the Greek island of
2692:
2552:
2212:
2128:
2110:
2035:
1975:
206:
150:. As well as maintaining a permanent base on Lesbos, the NGO carries out its rescue operations from three ships, a sailing yacht
31:
Volunteer lifeguards (with yellow-red clothes) from Proactiva Open Arms helping Syrian and Iraqi refugees (Lesbos, October 2015).
1755:
2516:
1486:
1194:
578:
440:
1012:
577:
principle. Empowering Libyan forces to capture people on the high seas, when it is known that they will return them to cruel,
2420:
1181:
468:
309:
840:
276:’s code of conduct for rescue operations. Five other NGOs refused. Apart from the organisations refusing to sign the code,
2506:
2451:
2182:
2087:
1677:
2646:
2491:
2486:
2305:
2170:
2158:
2140:
2134:
1998:
1921:
1904:
1867:
1631:
901:
873:
781:
418:
196:
2634:
2496:
2430:
2395:
1659:
1528:
1507:
1465:
1448:
747:
179:
2641:
2547:
2471:
1717:
1589:
776:
449:
later confirmed Camps' statement after it had verified the AIS signal, that includes the boat's GPS location, with
737:
H.E.R.O. Award for Outstanding Team Contribution to a Maritime SAR Operation at the first edition of the UK-based
2050:
1880:
1359:
1236:
272:
In July 2017, Proactiva Open Arms was one of the three migrant rescue NGOs operating in the area that signed the
191:
2435:
2410:
630:
1250:
673:
1267:
471:, rescued 329 people, including 95 women, three of them pregnant, and 37 children, six of whom were newborns.
2390:
975:
235:
2624:
2511:
2461:
2456:
2369:
2275:
2072:
2067:
1901:"La oenegé Proactiva Open Arms cambia el 'Astral' por un barco más grande para el rescate de inmigrantes."
1570:
711:
702:
319:
Also responding to Frontex's allegations that aid groups were indirectly supporting criminal traffickers,
164:
2321:
1845:
791:
414:
2405:
2082:
2062:
1705:
277:
2236:
923:
421:
carrying out SAR operations in the area. Commenting on the incident to the Italian state broadcaster,
2415:
2344:
2077:
1849:
1655:
1627:
1601:
1524:
1503:
1461:
1440:
1216:
766:
715:
707:
518:
374:
294:
260:
1162:
450:
2619:
2164:
2146:
2094:
1884:
1609:
1126:
1020:
312:(MSF) analysing the EU's accusations, based on an internal report from the European border agency,
282:
183:
1780:"Dalla Open Arms 75 migranti si lanciano in mare per raggiungere Palermo: tutti riportati a bordo"
868:
218:
210:, devoted to the story of Òscar Camps and his colleagues which is very close to be a documentary.
2629:
2400:
2364:
2194:
2188:
1741:
1663:
1642:
1573:
1532:
1511:
1490:
1469:
1254:
1165:
845:
817:
663:
445:
302:
273:
1317:"EU 'leaving migrants to drown' say rescuers who saved 2,000 from Mediterranean in single day."
1179:"Bounties not Bodies: Smugglers Profit from Sea Rescues Though No Clear Alternative Available."
1065:"La labor humanitaria de Pro-Activa, el mejor ejemplo de solidaridad ante la crisis migratoria"
263:, in the rescue of 242 survivors of a capsized boat. 60 people lost their lives in the tragedy.
2574:
2501:
2317:
2057:
2040:
786:
662:
and built in 1970, the yacht featured in the documentary recorded on board that same month by
616:
picked up three groups of 77, 116 and 83 migrants. The ship anchored a few hundred meters off
529:
406:
327:
143:
78:
289:
more vulnerable to future legal actions" (Fulvio Vassallo Paleologo, University of Palermo).
2586:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2152:
2045:
2030:
952:
710:(37 metres in length) which had previously seen service with Spain's maritime safety agency
588:
561:
342:
On the other hand, researchers also cite testimonies of smugglers bribing police in Greece,
2614:
2564:
2559:
2025:
1821:"Livio Lo Monaco, el fabricante de colchones que donó su yate para salvar vidas en el mar"
1792:"Finita l’odissea dei migranti a bordo della Open Arms: trasbordati sulla nave quarantena"
1638:
1320:
1302:
1149:
997:
694:
574:
1678:"La Fiscalía de Ragusa recurre la liberación del barco de rescate de Proactiva Open Arms"
813:"As More Children Drown, Volunteers on Lesbos Say Rescues Are Left Largely to Themselves"
560:
Following the impoundment of the rescue ship on arrival at Pozzallo, major international
1299:"More than 240 refugees feared drowned in the Mediterranean after rubber boats capsize."
953:"A pesar de todo y por cuarto año consecutivo Astral vuelve a entrar en el Mediterraneo"
1703:"Italy: Targeting of NGO rescue ship displays "reckless disregard for common decency"."
924:"Las donaciones a Proactiva Open Arms bajan un 40% desde el referéndum independentista"
654:
626:
298:
293:
broken, by EU policy" (Dr Franck Duvell, Centre on Migration Policy and Society at the
201:
187:
152:
49:
1146:"Refugee crisis: European leaders blamed for record high deaths in the Mediterranean."
489:
2661:
2354:
2349:
2327:
1587:«Rescatados 218 migrantes por Proactiva Open Arms en aguas del Mediterráneo central.»
1356:"'Next time you will be targeted': Libyan coast guard threatens migrant rescue ship."
1082:
771:
689:
659:
650:
599:
443:
has been hacked to show we're in Libyan waters, but we're not". The Italian magazine
431:
426:
413:— had already suspended their rescue work due to such threats, leaving only the POA,
158:
2374:
1198:
1103:
506:
464:
401:
15 August 2017: the Libyan coastguard service threatened the mariners on board the
1918:«Proactiva Open Arms estrena buque insignia para sus rescates en el Mediterráneo.»
373:
14 April 2017: The Italian coastguard service confirmed that 2,074 migrants on 16
259:, the first six lifeguards deployed by Proactiva on Lesbos participated, with two
1547:«La Armada libia amenaza con "disparar a matar" al barco de Proactiva Open Arms.»
1409:
1375:
1282:
976:"Search & Rescue 'Heroes' Announced at First IMRF International Awards Event"
897:"Proactiva Open Arms estrena buque insignia para sus rescates en el Mediterráneo"
2603:
522:
331:
1967:
405:
in the search-and-rescue (SAR) zone of international waters. Three charities —
320:
1768:"Migranti, terzo salvataggio per Open Arms, le persone a bordo ora sono 276."
1213:"Border Deaths in the Mediterranean: What We Can Learn from the Latest Data."
1722:"MSF critica la "criminalización" de las ONG de rescate en el Mediterráneo."
1340:"Migrant rescue NGO says boat drifting after Italy and Malta refuse access."
680:
before being broadcast on TV, were earmarked in their entirety for the NGO.
677:
641:
In February 2021, the POA rescued over 100 migrants off the coast of Libya.
391:
676:. The box office takings from the documentary, shown at cinemas throughout
1233:"Aid group accused of helping people smugglers suspect far-right hackers."
564:
NGOs issued statements criticising the action of the Italian authorities.
2591:
1549:
1487:"Migrant Death in Italy Points to Dire Conditions in Libya: Aid Workers."
1412:
1378:
1285:
841:"Saving Refugees on the Mediterranean: a Luxury Yacht With a New Purpose"
668:
533:
482:
227:
59:
1806:"Mediterranean rescue: Open Arms saves over 100 more migrants off Libya"
1123:"Aid groups say Italy is forcing them to stop rescuing migrants at sea."
869:"El barco de Proactiva, de nuevo intimidado por una patrullera de Libia"
2609:
2579:
2299:
2269:
2263:
1962:
1733:
1482:
1428:
1397:
1395:"Spanish migrant rescue ship threatened by Libyan coastguard: witness."
1342:
1095:
957:
617:
475:
410:
386:
313:
256:
1079:"Socorristas catalanes rescatan a 242 personas naufragadas en Lesbos."
603:
saving those in danger is an obligation. The hierarchy is very clear."
463:
27 January 2018: the POA, in a co-ordinated rescue operation with the
1946:
1195:"EU migration crisis: border agency accused of stirring controversy."
753:
537:
343:
239:
238:
and the several high-profile deaths at sea, Oscar Camps travelled to
147:
1100:"Aid groups snub Italian code of conduct on Mediterranean rescues."
122:
547:
16 April 2018: The Italian court orders the release of the vessel
541:
488:
335:
255:
28 October 2015: Alongside Greek coastguards, local fishermen and
231:
217:
435:
286:
1971:
1660:"Spanish Aid Group Fears Migrant Trafficking Charges in Italy."
1846:"Astral: Las otras vidas del yate salva-inmigrantes de Évole."
1529:"Italy Seizes Spanish Rescue Boat That Defied Libyan Threats."
1445:"Spain: Dozens of Children Among 329 Migrants Rescued at Sea."
1270:
453:, the digital hub that collects and publishes navigation data.
422:
139:
1738:"Italy Seizes Ship That Picked Up Migrants in Mediterranean."
1268:"The Spanish lifeguards who save migrants from risky waters."
551:, nevertheless the human trafficking investigations continue.
481:
12 March 2018: the POA rescued 93 migrants, disembarking in
1632:"Spain Migrant Ship Heads to Italy After Threats by Libya."
1508:"Spain Migrant Ship Heads to Italy After Threats by Libya."
569:
refugees, asylum-seekers and migrants must be prioritized".
513:
had attended an alert sent out by the Italian coastguard's
1794:
lastampa.it, 18 September 2020, Accessed 18 September 2020
1756:"The prosecutor’s case against the rescue ship Open Arms."
1466:"Rescued Brothers Report Sailing From Libya to Seek Cure."
1410:"Migrant crisis: Spain rescues 600 people in busiest day."
1376:"Libyans 'threatened' Med migrant aid boat Golfo Azzurro."
1043:"Pro-refugee activist wins 2015 Catalan of the Year Award"
714:
and was donated to the NGO by the Spanish shipping agency
501:
16 March 2018: a Libyan coastguard vessel intercepted the
2243:
List of migrant vessel incidents on the Mediterranean Sea
1283:"More than 200 migrants feared drowned in Mediterranean."
178:
The NGO has received several other awards, including the
1782:
la Stampa, 17 September 2020, Accessed 17 September 2020
1754:
Petrillo, Marina; Lorenzo Bagnoli and Claudia Torrisi.
354:
4 October: members of the POA aboard the sailing yacht
242:
in September 2015, along with three other volunteers.
2530:
2444:
2383:
2337:
2256:
2103:
2018:
1606:"Italians seize NGO migrant rescue ship in Sicily."
598:Referring to the Code of Conduct for NGOs, Senator
380:6 August 2017: Members of the POA operating on the
117:
109:
99:
85:
74:
66:
55:
45:
37:
2543:European Union response to the 2015 migrant crisis
222:Òscar Camps, Proactiva Open Arms founder, in 2017.
2538:Migration and asylum policy of the European Union
2467:2015–16 New Year's Eve sexual assaults in Germany
1566:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1558:
728:returned to POA activity in the Mediterranean.
556:Reactions to impoundment by Italian authorities
1881:«Jordi Évole presenta el documental 'Astral'.»
1864:"'Astral': Viaje de ida y vuelta al infierno."
2570:Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
1983:
1117:
1115:
1113:
947:
945:
593:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
8:
2010:Timeline of the 2015 European migrant crisis
1896:
1894:
1371:
1369:
367:2 January 2017: the POA rescued 112 migrants
18:
2248:List of migrant vehicle incidents in Europe
1623:
1621:
1619:
1389:
1387:
1251:"Stepping Over the Dead on a Migrant Boat."
515:Italian Maritime Rescue Coordination Center
505:in international waters and threatened to "
1990:
1976:
1968:
1944:"Premio UNICEF Comité Español Transforma."
1770:repubblica.it. Accessed 12 September 2020.
1140:
1138:
1136:
970:
968:
658:, donated by Livio Lo Monaco. Designed by
24:
17:
2225:2023 Canary Islands migrant boat disaster
1334:
1332:
1330:
1227:
1225:
1007:
1005:
2673:Humanitarian aid organizations in Europe
2123:2011 Mediterranean Sea migrant shipwreck
2117:2009 Mediterranean Sea migrant shipwreck
981:International Maritime Rescue Federation
739:International Maritime Rescue Federation
496:in Pozzallo 26.3.2018 after confiscation
200:in 2015. In October 2021, film director
173:International Maritime Rescue Federation
2482:2016 Hungarian migrant quota referendum
1949:Comité Español. Accessed 21 March 2018.
1571:"Italy: Migrant Rescue Ship Impounded."
803:
2177:November 2016 Libya migrant shipwrecks
1819:Sánchez Juárez, Ana (1 October 2016).
1758:Open Migration. Accessed 4 April 2018.
1211:Steinhilper, Elias and Rob Gruijters.
612:On 8 and 9 September 2020 the crew of
2522:2021–present Belarus–EU border crisis
2300:Operation Poseidon Rapid Intervention
2231:2023 Cape Verde migrant boat disaster
7:
2360:Lampedusa immigrant reception center
1804:Armstrong, Mark (14 February 2021).
308:Likewise, a December 2016 report by
268:Mediterranean search-and-rescue zone
2597:European Border Surveillance System
2219:2023 Messenia migrant boat disaster
2207:2023 Tunisia migrant boat disasters
2201:2023 Calabria migrant boat disaster
1163:"EU Policies Put Refugees At Risk."
1045:. Catalan News Agency. 8 April 2016
649:In July 2016, the NGO received the
2477:Fatal stabbing of Alexandra Mezher
700:In mid-2017, the POA commissioned
526:Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata
14:
285:and that it was "a trick to make
2553:European Union Agency for Asylum
2213:2023 Libya migrant boats sinking
2111:May 2007 Malta migrant shipwreck
744:the Pere Casàldiga Award in 2016
207:Mediterraneo: The Law of the Sea
579:inhuman, or degrading treatment
2421:North Macedonia border barrier
1184:(MSF). Accessed 22 March 2018.
756:2017 Comité Español Transforma
434:approached one of Proactive's
1:
2507:Murder of Pamela Mastropietro
2452:Murder of Khaled Idris Bahray
2296:(EU Navfor Med, 2015–present)
2183:2018 Libya migrant shipwrecks
2088:African immigration to Europe
70:Private non profit foundation
2668:2015 establishments in Spain
2647:Valletta Summit on Migration
2517:Murder of Desirée Mariottini
2492:2016 Chemnitz terrorism plot
2487:2016 Reutlingen knife attack
2426:Norway–Russia border barrier
2306:Migrant Offshore Aid Station
2171:2016 Egypt migrant shipwreck
2159:Burgenland corpses discovery
2141:2014 Libya migrant shipwreck
2135:2014 Malta migrant shipwreck
1999:2015 European migrant crisis
1963:Web page of the organization
1736:/Sam Edwards/Andrew Heavens
1449:U.S. News & World Report
782:Migrant Offshore Aid Station
2635:Schengen Information System
2497:Murder of Maria Ladenburger
1684:(in Spanish). 27 April 2018
2709:
2678:Foundations based in Spain
2548:European Asylum Curriculum
2472:Murder of Ashley Ann Olsen
1908:. Accessed 27 August 2017.
1888:. Accessed 27 August 2017.
1871:. Accessed 27 August 2017.
1853:. Accessed 27 August 2017.
1552:. Accessed March 15, 2018.
1193:Kirchgaessner, Stephanie.
777:Mediterranea Saving Humans
41:Proactiva Serveis Aquàtics
2104:Migrant vehicle incidents
2005:
1925:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1745:. Accessed 22 March 2018.
1708:. Accessed 21 March 2018.
1667:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1646:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1613:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1592:. Accessed 17 March 2018.
1576:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1536:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1515:. Accessed 17 March 2018.
1494:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1473:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1452:. Accessed 21 March 2018.
1431:. Accessed 20 March 2018.
1415:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1400:. Accessed 20 March 2018.
1381:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1363:. Accessed 22 March 2018.
1360:The Sydney Morning Herald
1345:. Accessed 20 March 2018.
1324:. Accessed 22 March 2018.
1306:. Accessed 22 March 2018.
1288:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1273:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
1258:. Accessed 25 March 2018.
1240:. Accessed 22 March 2018.
1237:The Sydney Morning Herald
1219:. Accessed 22 March 2018.
1202:. Accessed 23 March 2018.
1168:. Accessed 22 March 2018.
1153:. Accessed 22 March 2018.
1130:. Accessed 22 March 2018.
1107:. Accessed 21 March 2018.
1086:. Accessed 19 March 2018.
197:El Periódico de Catalunya
23:
2688:Sea rescue organizations
2683:Social welfare charities
2436:Slovenian border barrier
2411:Hungarian border barrier
2396:Bulgarian border barrier
2209:(March & April 2023)
2019:Refugees and immigration
1862:Pérez de Rozas, Emilio.
1182:Médecins Sans Frontières
1013:"CIVI EUROPAEO PRAEMIUM"
748:European Citizen's Prize
672:, directed by Évoli for
310:Médecins Sans Frontières
180:European Citizen's Prize
2693:European migrant crisis
2642:Turkey's migrant crisis
2391:Austrian border barrier
1724:Accessed 21 March 2018.
2625:Migrants around Calais
2512:2018 Chemnitz protests
2462:2015 Corsican protests
2457:2015 Geldermalsen riot
2431:Poland–Belarus barrier
2370:Migrants around Calais
2276:Operation Mare Nostrum
2073:Immigration to Germany
2068:Immigration to Romania
521:, quoting the Italian
497:
223:
186:in 2016. Its founder,
2406:Calais border barrier
2083:Immigration to Greece
2063:Immigration to Europe
1706:Amnesty International
1637:19 March 2018 at the
996:20 March 2018 at the
674:Atresmedia Televisión
492:
478:attached to his body.
278:Amnesty International
221:
113:Sea rescue lifeguards
2416:Melilla border fence
2345:Basroch refugee camp
2078:Immigration to Italy
1656:The Associated Press
1628:The Associated Press
1602:The Associated Press
1525:The Associated Press
1504:The Associated Press
1462:The Associated Press
1441:The Associated Press
1217:University of Oxford
1215:The Faculty of Law.
767:Hellenic Rescue Team
708:emergency tow vessel
683:At the end of 2016,
519:The Associated Press
398:entry to this port".
295:University of Oxford
2620:Illegal immigration
2312:Proactiva Open Arms
2257:Maritime operations
2165:Death of Alan Kurdi
2147:Blue Sky M incident
2129:Lampedusa shipwreck
2095:Migration diplomacy
1885:The Huffington Post
1610:The Washington Post
1177:Ponthieu, Aurélie.
1127:The Washington Post
1021:European Parliament
867:Domenèch, Rossend.
712:Salvamento Marítimo
687:was substituted by
585:rescue operations".
283:illegal immigration
192:Catalan of the Year
184:European Parliament
138:(POA) is a Spanish
136:Proactiva Open Arms
20:
19:Proactiva Open Arms
2630:Schengen Agreement
2401:Ceuta border fence
2365:Moria refugee camp
2302:(EU, 2015–present)
2290:(EU, 2018–present)
2278:(Italy, 2013–2014)
2264:Operation Poseidon
2237:Mühldorf van crash
2195:Sofia lorry deaths
2189:Essex lorry deaths
1742:The New York Times
1664:The New York Times
1643:The New York Times
1574:Human Rights Watch
1533:The New York Times
1512:The New York Times
1491:The New York Times
1470:The New York Times
1424:Behrakis, Yannis.
1393:Behrakis, Yannis.
1255:The New York Times
1166:Human Rights Watch
1121:Momigliano, Anna.
1067:. pressdigital.es.
846:The New York Times
818:The New York Times
532:after arriving in
498:
446:Famiglia Cristiana
303:Human Rights Watch
274:Italian government
224:
125:.proactivaopenarms
62:(Catalonia, Spain)
2655:
2654:
2575:Dublin Regulation
2502:2017 Turku attack
2318:Aquarius Dignitus
2058:Sudanese refugees
2051:Assyrian refugees
1315:McIntyre, Niamh.
1249:Gladstone, Rick.
1144:Dearden, Lizzie.
839:Minder, Raphael.
787:No Border network
530:human trafficking
407:Save the Children
204:released a film,
144:search and rescue
133:
132:
79:Search and rescue
32:
2700:
2587:Economic migrant
2531:Related articles
2330:(NGO, 2016–2017)
2322:SOS Méditerranée
2314:(NGO, 2015–2018)
2308:(NGO, 2014–2017)
2294:Operation Sophia
2288:Operation Themis
2282:Operation Triton
2270:Operation Hermes
2173:(September 2016)
2167:(September 2015)
2153:Ezadeen incident
2143:(September 2014)
2137:(September 2014)
2031:Kurdish refugees
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589:Vincent Cochetel
415:SOS Méditerranée
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2565:Chain migration
2560:Asylum shopping
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2384:Border barriers
2379:
2333:
2324:, 2015–present)
2284:(EU, 2014–2018)
2272:(EU, 2011–2013)
2266:(EU, 2006–2015)
2252:
2203:(February 2023)
2197:(February 2023)
2179:(November 2016)
2149:(December 2014)
2099:
2041:Libyan refugees
2036:Syrian refugees
2026:Afghan refugees
2014:
2001:
1996:
1959:
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2046:Iraqi refugees
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