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shuffling". The practice has become even more controversial as casinos introduce new technology to aid them in preventing skilled players, and sometimes even unskilled players, from winning at blackjack or other card games involving skill in addition to pure luck. Other examples of common countermeasures (roughly in order from least to most restrictive to the player) include imposing betting limits, asking players not to play blackjack anymore while still welcoming them to stay and play other gambling games (a practice known as "backing off" or "being backed off"), asking a player to leave the casino (with varying degrees of either professionalism or intimidation), or issuing a formal trespass order against the player. On rare occasions, advantage players have been severely physically assaulted by casino personnel. In
465:"Angle shooting" can also happen in poker. For instance, in no-limit poker a player may hide high denomination chips behind stacks of low denomination chips, giving off an appearance that their stack is less powerful than it really is. Another example is making an illegal move, which the player may later declare void if it suits them. While angle shooting is seen as "fair game" in games against the house, it is heavily frowned upon in games where players compete with other players, as it ruins the table atmosphere, makes the game less appealing to novice players, and is not in the spirit of the game.
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out approximately $ 884 on the bet he laid against the Jets. If the Jets lose, he loses his $ 1000 stake on the Jets but keeps the $ 1016 stake on the bet he laid against the Jets. Either way, the "trader" makes a $ 16 profit and he will pay a commission only on that profit (usually not more than 5% or 80 cents in this example) for a net profit of $ 15.20 regardless of the result. Of course, if the odds go the wrong way the "trader" may lose money but most exchanges do not charge a commission in the event of a net loss.
462:" where a player tries to look at the dealer's hole card in blackjack and then uses that information to play their hand differently. This clearly gives an advantage to the player since knowing your opponent's cards reduces the risks involved in the game. Taking advantage of incorrect payouts is another example of angle shooting. For example, if an inexperienced dealer pays 2 to 1 on a blackjack instead of 3 to 2, not correcting him or her is also taking advantage of an incorrect payout.
246:
win by either 2 or 4, the advantage player collects on one winning bet and the other "push." And if the Jets win or lose by any other total, the two bets cancel out, leaving the advantage player to pay only the vigorish on the bets. Given typical 10-cent lines, a middle need only win 1 time in 21 to break even, which is a realistic goal – the middle is always a plausible result since it is based on the actual strength of the teams. Middling is an example of line arbitrage.
332:
memorize compared to Deuces Wild. Current versions of Deuces Wild video poker are played exactly the same as the original "full pay" version as far as how the game is played; they just offer smaller payouts for winning hands compared to the "full pay" version, making the house edge against a perfect player just slightly over 0%, meaning even a player who plays perfectly will still almost certainly lose money over the long term.
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384:, that is, opponent facial expressions and mannerisms that may give away information about the strength of the player's hand. Skilled players use all available information (not only an opponent's actions earlier in a hand, but also his or her actions during previous hands) to assess which action will be most profitable, be it a call or a fold, a bluff or a bet for value.
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360:(commission) or a time charge. Whether a poker player can win enough from the game to cover the rake and make a profit depends, aside from the rake level, not only on the player's skill, but also on the opposition's lack thereof - the degree of difficulty can vary widely from casino to casino. Tables with relatively easy opposition are referred to as "soft."
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Roulette wheels with manufacturing defects or uneven wear may land on some numbers (or, more likely, a certain grouping or groupings of numbers in close proximity on the wheel as opposed to the numbers' location on the betting board) with a statistically significant greater frequency. It is sometimes
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near Las Vegas, Nevada became the last casino to remove the game. Technically there are some other varieties of video poker that can result in a positive long term expected rate of return, but the "long term" can be extremely long, the margins very low, and the strategies are much more complicated to
254:
Using special offers provided by bookmakers it is possible for a skilled bettor to put the odds in their favor. Special offers may include; cashback on specific events, enhanced odds and comp points. To profit from these specials, a skilled bettor will use betting, laying and dutching to create their
479:
can be another form of advantage gambling. Players, known as comp hustlers or comp wizards, who play games with a low house advantage or low bet size such as penny slots, can get more than their expected loss in free items from the casino. Many advantage players also take steps to maximize the comps
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of 1.90 to defeat the Bills. If a "trader" thinks these odds too long he may bet $ 1000 on the Jets, and should he prove correct and the odds on the Jets get shorter, "lay off" by laying, say, a $ 1016 bet against the Jets at 1.87. If the Jets win, he collects $ 900 on his bet on the Jets and pays
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For example, Bookmaker A lists the Jets to be a 4-point favorite over the Bills. Bookmaker B has the Jets as just a 2-point favorite. The advantage player may bet the Bills +4 with Book A and then the Jets -2 with Book B. If the Jets win by 3, the advantage player collects on both bets. If the Jets
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against the casino. So, while they may face the above casino-imposed sanctions, they are able to operate without the threat of criminal prosecution for their behavior. This is not the case in all jurisdictions, however, and some advantage players have reported more aggressive countermeasures being
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a flush or straight draw. Identifying exploitable patterns in an opponent's play also gives the skilled player an edge. For example, a weak opponent might almost never bluff, or might bluff far too often. Or an opponent might make huge bets only as bluffs, and make smaller bets with good hands (or
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Some video poker games with a progressive jackpot for a royal flush offer in excess of 100% payback when the jackpot amount exceeds a certain level. Organized teams of video poker players are known to occupy banks of machines in this situation, playing until the jackpot is won (which may take many
234:). Many online sports books now offer bonuses like free bets or free money. These bonuses usually come with a stipulation that the bettor place a certain number of bets. For example, a site may offer a bettor $ 50 free if they deposit $ 100 and place a total of $ 1000 in bets. These can reduce the
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Another form of advantage can be found by betting the "middle" on a sports event. This situation occurs when two bookmakers are offering different lines on the same event, or if a bettor has placed a bet and the bookmaker changes the line. The bettor simply takes the most favorable lines at each
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Casinos sometimes take measures to thwart players who they believe could potentially pose a threat to their profits, especially card-counters or hole-card players. However, some casinos tolerate card-counters who do not bet large amounts, who are not good at counting, or who do not use a large
513:
A countermeasure practice used by some casinos, which has long been considered controversial, involves shuffling the deck or decks earlier than would typically be done when the remaining cards are more likely to be favorable to the player than to the casino–a practice known as "preferential
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offer advantage players a chance to make a larger profit than possible with bookmakers because exchanges charge commission only on the net winnings in a particular betting market. One way to make money on the exchanges is "trading" - in the above example, the Jets might be a favorite
255:
own book on an event that may not guarantee profit but will still put the odds in their favor instead of the bookmaker(s) involved. Sign up bonuses are also classed as special offers and can be used in a similar way to lock in a profit regardless of the result using the principles of
165:. Unlike cheating, which is by definition illegal, advantage play exploits innate characteristics of a particular game to give the player an advantage relative to the house or other players. While not illegal, advantage play may result in players being banned by certain casinos.
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While in the short term luck primarily determines a poker player's results, over the long term the skilled player will invariably profit if playing against weaker competition. A player can profit from their skill in many ways. For example, by understanding
363:
There is another advantage to playing poker as opposed to games where play is against the house: since the house has no direct interest in the outcome of a poker game, successful poker players can operate openly without risk of being banned by casinos.
437:
In the
Japanese game of pachinko, there are numerous purported strategies for winning, the most reliable of which is to use inside information to learn which machines have the highest payout settings. Because of the "Stock", "Renchan", and
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possible, though very rare in practice, through large numbers of observations, or noting patterns of wear on the wheel's surface, to determine when this is the case and bet accordingly. Physician
327:, could be beaten if played with perfect strategy devised by computer analysis of the game. However, as of 2023, full pay Deuces Wild video poker is no longer known to exist at any casino since
458:"Angle shooting" is another type of advantage play. Despite "angle shooting" being legal, it is possibly an unethical way to beat casino games. One way to get an advantage at a casino is "
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Weaknesses in casino card shuffling machines that allow a skilled player to predict which cards are likely to be dealt next have been exploited on at least one occasion.
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can offer a long-term advantage to a skilled player because it is played against other players and not against the house. The casino usually takes a
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be legally asked to leave a blackjack table or casino for counting cards, although the casino may still impose betting limits or shuffle sooner.
192:, though this requires often difficult to acquire information about the settings of the specific slot machine and specific casino, a knowledge of
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systems, it is possible to make money by simply playing machines on which someone has just lost a huge amount of money. This is called being a "
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Craps players are required to bounce their throws off the back wall of the table, to prevent a skilled thrower from affecting the outcome.
533:(or a similar agency's database) and become unwelcome in most casinos. The Griffin Book was sued, but there are other substitutes today.
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Skillful sports bettors, known as "sharps", may have their betting limits reduced and may not be allowed to take advantage of bonuses at
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vice versa). A skilled player noticing such patterns in an opponent's play can make better decisions when facing a bet from that player.
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1065:"Nevada finds no right of reasonable access to public accommodations unless a state antidiscrimination statute confers such a right"
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Advantage players abide by the established rules of the game and thus, in most jurisdictions, are not regarded as committing
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Players suspected of counting cards, hole-carding, or other advantage play by a casino may find themselves listed in the
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bookmaker, and if the result of the contest is between the numbers, or in the "middle", then the bettor wins both bets.
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can eventually have such a high jackpot that they offer a positive return when played long term, according to
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Experts disagree about whether or not an advantage can be gained at some other games. One example is
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307:, or several other methods. The players most skilled in these techniques have been nominated to the
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players were rarely ejected for winning, but the practice is common today. They may have their
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551:. Instead, skillful sports bettors may rely on "runners" to place and collect their bets.
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Casinos and playrooms continually create new rules to defeat angle shooting techniques.
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Similar to the
Blackjack Hall of Fame, there is an internet "Video Poker Hall of Fame".
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was able to exploit this to great effect at
European casinos in the 1960s and 1970s.
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A skillful or knowledgeable player can gain an advantage at a number of games.
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1092:"Ken Uston on His Beating at the Mapes Casino (From Blackjack Forum VI #2)"
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and implied odds, a player can assess whether it will be profitable to
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157:. Someone who practices advantage gambling is often referred to as an
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153:, but can also refer to games played against other players, such as
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446:". They are easy to recognize, roaming the aisles for a "Kamo" ("
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taken by the house or even offer the bettor a small advantage.
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1237:"Interviews - Semyon Dukach - MIT Card Counting Team Captain"
1397:
961:"Richard Jarecki, Doctor Who Conquered Roulette, Dies at 86"
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in a certain way players can alter the odds at the game of
450:" in English) to leave their machine in a favorable mode.
141:, refers to legal methods used to gain an advantage while
1143:"Griffin book producer files for Chapter 11, citing suit"
1117:"Uston v. Resorts International Hotel, Inc., 89 N.J. 163"
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In live settings, some players will take advantage of
29:
Legal methods used to gain an advantage while gambling
777:"Gambling with an Edge:Why I Don't Play Progressives"
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taken even in well known gambling locations such as
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62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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536:In the past, video poker and skillful progressive
226:Sports and horse betting can be beaten by placing
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415:have stated that by setting and throwing the
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988:"How 'Advantage Players' Game the Casinos"
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884:"Angle Shooting | Poker Terms | PokerNews"
497:Exploiting weaknesses in casino machinery
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
722:"Video Poker Odds and Payouts Explained"
720:Casino&hellip, Sweeps (3 Nov 2023).
596:
1217:Butterfield, Roger (15 October 1945).
1173:"Lion Tales: Fall of the Roman Empire"
695:"Full Pay Deuces Wild Is Now Extinct"
675:from the original on 27 November 2011
605:"Arbitrage - Dutching - Introduction"
7:
2164:
1183:from the original on 7 November 2016
787:from the original on 7 November 2021
60:adding citations to reliable sources
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894:from the original on 9 October 2019
645:from the original on 22 August 2016
1153:from the original on 9 August 2016
823:'Beat the Craps Out of the Casinos
25:
1014:"What Is Preferential Shuffling?"
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858:(Online ed.). Summer 2007.
757:from the original on 20 May 2016
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1038:Rose, I. Nelson (19 Feb 2021).
1012:Curtis, Anthony (24 Mar 2024).
986:Kaplan, Michael (29 Jun 2016).
862:from the original on 2007-10-11
840:. Carol Publishing Corporation.
47:needs additional citations for
480:they receive from their play.
1:
1202:Dancer, Bob (March 1, 2003).
423:enough to gain an advantage.
388:Other types of advantage play
291:can sometimes be beaten with
149:. The term usually refers to
928:Scott, Jean (January 1998).
1445:Glossary of blackjack terms
329:Sam’s Town Hotel and Casino
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1204:Million Dollar Video Poker
430:
396:
346:
215:
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1756:Mathematics of bookmaking
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1505:Double Exposure Blackjack
1466:
1324:
1121:Casetext Search + Citator
151:house-banked casino games
1090:Uston, Ken (June 1986).
1040:"Preferential Shuffling"
913:Rubin, Max (June 2001).
852:"Blackjack Dealer Error"
838:Million Dollar Blackjack
821:Scoblete, Frank (2005).
544:reduced or eliminated.
212:Sports and horse betting
1500:Double Attack Blackjack
806:Wong, Stanford (2005).
1551:Blackjack Hall of Fame
505:Casino countermeasures
309:Blackjack Hall of Fame
222:Sports betting systems
1510:Elimination Blackjack
1149:. 13 September 2005.
1096:Gambling With An Edge
1044:Gambling and the Law®
747:"vpFREE Hall Of Fame"
2210:Gambling terminology
2141:Video game addiction
1751:Gambling mathematics
1687:Gambling terminology
936:. Huntington Press.
783:. 8 September 2015.
325:full pay Deuces Wild
190:gambling mathematics
186:progressive jackpots
176:for centuries. Some
71:"Advantage gambling"
56:improve this article
18:Professional gambler
1626:Richard W. Munchkin
1206:. Huntington Press.
1069:Scholars at Harvard
959:Slotnik, Daniel E.
917:. Huntington Press.
836:Uston, Ken (1992).
781:lasvegasadvisor.com
549:online sports books
204:can be beaten with
1801:Due Column betting
1779:Advantage gambling
1382:Jerry L. Patterson
992:The New York Times
973:The New York Times
966:2020-11-09 at the
932:The Frugal Gambler
609:The Gambling Times
349:Poker Hall of Fame
135:Advantage gambling
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1806:Labouchère system
1761:Poker probability
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1520:Malaysian Pontoon
1485:Chinese Blackjack
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1018:Las Vegas Advisor
888:www.pokernews.com
580:Arbitrage betting
510:betting spread.
268:Betting exchanges
263:Betting exchanges
172:have been won by
145:, in contrast to
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16:(Redirected from
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1728:Riverboat casino
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1571:Zeljko Ranogajec
1561:Peter A. Griffin
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611:. Archived from
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159:advantage player
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1616:Lawrence Revere
1581:Edward O. Thorp
1546:Blackjack Forum
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856:Blackjack Forum
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810:. Pi Yee Press.
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699:Vegas Advantage
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615:on 31 July 2016
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491:Richard Jarecki
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2115:List of bets
1848:South Africa
1791:Dice control
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1556:Al Francesco
1530:Edge sorting
1495:Super Fun 21
1460:Hole carding
1436:
1345:Dice control
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1244:. Retrieved
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701:. 7 Mar 2023
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2100:Casino game
2066:New Zealand
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1601:Mike Aponte
1354:Mathematics
1318:Terminology
1225:. Time Inc.
564:Monte Carlo
321:video poker
315:Video poker
289:table games
198:probability
174:card sharps
2179:Wiktionary
2131:Gaming law
1864:Bangladesh
1811:Martingale
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1611:Blair Hull
1490:Spanish 21
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866:2007-11-09
791:5 November
726:Techopedia
639:weebly.com
591:References
516:New Jersey
407:. Authors
347:See also:
287:and other
216:See also:
194:statistics
170:Card games
82:newspapers
2061:Australia
1923:Singapore
1879:Hong Kong
1824:By region
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898:9 October
285:Blackjack
280:Blackjack
182:lotteries
2204:Category
2159:Category
1933:Thailand
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1869:Cambodia
1718:Cardroom
1678:Gambling
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574:See also
520:Missouri
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370:pot odds
339:hours).
147:cheating
143:gambling
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559:fraud
542:comps
444:hyena
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382:tells
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319:Some
184:with
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155:poker
137:, or
103:JSTOR
89:books
1857:Asia
1706:List
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1248:2024
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1189:2016
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1103:2024
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938:ISBN
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