491:
In the appendix, Orwell explains that the very structure of the B vocabulary (the fact that they are compound words) carries ideological weight. The large number of contractions in the B vocabulary—for example, the
Ministry of Truth being called Minitrue, the Records Department being called Recdep, the Fiction Department being called Ficdep, the Teleprogrammes Department being called Teledep—is not done simply to save time. As with examples of compound words in the political language of the 20th century—
1497:
1483:
2354:
1205:— To quack like a duck (usually indicating one's delivery of newspeak, delivered without any active thought from the speaker, sounding very much like nothing but noise, but very clearly fully in line with Party ideology). "It is one of those interesting words that have two contradictory meanings. Applied to an opponent, it is abuse, applied to someone you agree with, it is praise." - Syme, Newspeak
1511:
490:
The words of the B vocabulary are deliberately constructed for political purposes to convey complex ideas in a simple form. They are compound words and noun-verbs with political significance that are meant to impose and instill in
Oceania's citizens the correct mental attitudes required by the Party.
107:
In the appendix to the novel, "The
Principles of Newspeak", Orwell explains that Newspeak follows most rules of English grammar, yet is a language characterised by a continually diminishing vocabulary; complete thoughts are reduced to simple terms of simplistic meaning. The political contractions of
539:
The words of the C vocabulary are scientific and technical terms that supplement the linguistic functions of the A and B vocabularies. These words are the same scientific terms in
English, but many of them have had their meanings rigidified to attempt, as with the A vocabulary, to prevent speakers
254:
When the general atmosphere is bad, language must suffer. I should expect to find — this is a guess, which I have not sufficient knowledge to verify — that the German, Russian and
Italian languages have all deteriorated in the last ten or fifteen years, as a result of dictatorship. But if thought
235:, and Orwell concludes that as: "I said earlier that the decadence of our language is probably curable. Those who deny this may argue that language merely reflects existing social conditions, and that we cannot influence its development, by any direct tinkering with words or constructions."
486:
The words of the A vocabulary describe the functional concepts of daily life (e.g. eating and drinking, working and cooking). It consists mostly of
English words, but they are very small in number compared to English, and each word's meanings are "far more rigidly defined" than in English.
1080:
The novel says that the
Ministry of Truth uses a jargon "not actually Newspeak, but consisting largely of Newspeak words" for its internal memos. As many of the words in this list (e.g. "bb", "upsub") come from such memos, it is not certain whether those words are actually Newspeak.
411:, because intellectual freedom was no longer supposed to exist in Oceania. The limitations of Newspeak's vocabulary enabled the Party to effectively control the population's minds, by allowing the user only a very narrow range of spoken and written thought; hence, words such as:
400:(indirect thinking), which allow a word to have additional meanings. The linguistic simplification of Oldspeak into Newspeak was realised with neologisms, the elimination of ideologically undesirable words, and the elimination of the politically unorthodox meanings of words.
395:
thoughts "literally unthinkable" as speech. As constructed, Newspeak vocabulary communicates the exact expression of sense and meaning that a member of the Party could wish to express, while excluding secondary denotations and connotations, eliminating the ways of
209:
during the Second World War (1939–1945), Orwell saw the intellectual and communicative disadvantages of Basic
English, because, as a controlled language, its constructions impose functional limitations upon the speech, the writing, and the thinking of the users.
2305:
221:(1949), Orwell discusses the communication function of English and contemporary ideological changes in usage during the 1940s. In the novel, the linguistic decadence of English is the central theme about language-as-communication. In the essay, that
466:—they'll exist only in Newspeak versions, not merely changed into something different, but actually contradictory of what they used to be. Even the literature of The Party will change. Even the slogans will change. How could you have a slogan like
530:
are fewer and more controllable than those called up by
Ministry of Truth. This accounted not only for the habit of abbreviating whenever possible, but also for the almost exaggerated care that was taken to make every word easily pronounceable.
200:
without complex constructions and ambiguous usages, Basic
English was designed to be easy to learn, to sound, and to speak, with a vocabulary of 850 words composed specifically to facilitate the communication of facts, not the communication of
540:
from being able to express anti-government thoughts. Distribution of the C vocabulary is limited, because the Party does not want citizens to know more than a select few ways of life or techniques of production. Hence, the Oldspeak word
535:
The B words in Newspeak are supposed to sound pleasant, while also being easily pronounceable, in an attempt to make speech on anything political "staccato and monotonous" and, ultimately, mask from the speaker all ideological content.
271:
To eliminate the expression of ambiguity and nuance from Oldspeak (Standard English) in order to reduce the English language's communication functions, Newspeak uses simplistic constructions of language, such as the dichotomies of
1072:
This is a list of Newspeak words known from the novel. It does not include words carried over directly from English with no change in meaning, nor does it include regular uses of the listed affixes (e.g.
1149:— thoughts and concepts that go against Ingsoc such as liberty, equality, and privacy, and also the criminal act of holding such thoughts. Frequently referred to by the standard English “thoughtcrime”.
304:. The long-term goal of The Party is that, by 2050, Newspeak would be the universal language of every member of The Party and of Oceanian society, except for the Proles, the working-class of Oceania.
811:"Mal-" indicates (treasonous) inaccuracy (according to the Party); for example, any old quotes or reports from Party sources which contradict the current truth expressed by the party are considered
570:
regularity in the construction of usages and of words. Inflectional regularity means that most irregular words are replaced with regular words combined with prefixes and suffixes. For example, the
515:, and many others—Orwell remarks that the Party believed that abbreviating a name could "narrowly and subtly" alter a word's meaning. Newspeak is supposed to make this effort a conscious purpose:
307:
In Newspeak, English root-words function both as nouns and as verbs, which reduces the vocabulary available for the speaker to communicate meaning; e.g. as a noun and as a verb, the word
1416:— a sexual immorality, such as fornication, adultery, oral sex, and homosexuality; any sex act that deviates from Party directives to use sex only for government approved procreation
2729:
1865:
2182:
327:
rhythm, using short words that are easy to pronounce, so that speech is physically automatic and intellectually unconscious, by which mental habits the user of Newspeak avoids
145:
407:
still existed in Newspeak, but only to communicate the absence of something, e.g. "The dog is free from lice" or "This field is free of weeds". The word could not denote
1743:
2739:
2050:
782:"Up–" and "Down-" are prefixes which relate to things above or below a frame of reference. This may be literal, or it could be figurative, such as in the case of
2251:
2115:
392:
73:
62:
2759:
1643:
The appendix "The Principles of Newspeak" indicates that Big Brother is another, if not the only acceptable name for the figurehead in Newspeak.
1066:
2769:
2292:
1697:
2391:
2297:
2079:
1539:
463:
450:
By 2050—earlier, probably—all real knowledge of Oldspeak will have disappeared. The whole literature of the past will have been destroyed.
544:
has no equivalent term in Newspeak; instead, these words are simply treated as specific technical words for speaking of technical fields.
242:
among society, and thus facilitated the manipulation of listeners and speakers and writers into consequent political chaos. The story of
2205:
1121:— to accept whatever one is told, regardless of the facts. In the novel, it is described as "to say that black is white when " and "to
562:
compared to English. It also has two "outstanding" characteristics: almost completely interchangeable linguistic functions between the
2120:
2094:
2043:
1107:
2012:
1993:
1967:
1925:
1903:
1592:
214:
2089:
1384:— the Ministry of Truth's Records Department, where Winston Smith rewrites historical records so they conform to the Party's agenda
2225:
526:
is a phrase over which one is obliged to linger at least momentarily. In the same way, the associations called up by a word like
1817:
Köberl, Johann (1979). "Der Sprachphilosophische Hintergrund von Newspeak: Ein Beitrag zum 100.Geburtstag von Albert Einstein".
1580:
2749:
2663:
2331:
1297:— inaccurate representations of the words of Big Brother and of the Party, often used to justify revision of historical records
1266:— sexual intercourse only for procreation, without any physical pleasure on the part of the woman, and strictly within marriage
301:
31:
2246:
2018:
2754:
2357:
2036:
1303:— the Ministry of Love, where the secret police interrogate and torture the enemies of Oceania (torture and brainwashing)
2744:
2538:
2326:
2084:
2004:
1894:
1750:
1516:
683:"Un–" is used to indicate negation, as Newspeak has no non-political antonyms. For example, the standard English words
2734:
1983:
1949:
1936:
77:
1597:
474:
no thought, as we understand it now. Orthodoxy means not thinking—not needing to think. Orthodoxy is unconsciousness.
225:
was characterised by dying metaphors, pretentious diction, and high-flown rhetoric, which he satirised with the term
470:
when the concept of freedom has been abolished? The whole climate of thought will be different. In fact, there will
1003:"–wise" transforms any word into an adverb by eliminating all English adverbs not already ending in "–wise", e.g.
84:. The Newspeak language thus limits the person's ability to articulate and communicate abstract concepts, such as
2608:
2553:
2384:
1544:
1837:
1315:— the Ministry of Plenty, which keeps the population in continual economic hardship (starvation and rationing)
1065:"Sexcrime (Nineteen Eighty-Four)" and "Unperson" redirect here. For the Eurythmics song of the same name, see
2468:
2321:
1534:
1233:— the absence and the lack of something. "Intellectually free" and "politically free" have been replaced by
1098:
153:
192:(British American Scientific International Commercial English), which was proposed by the British linguist
2774:
2653:
2623:
2573:
2498:
2411:
1587:
1569:
1564:
1395:
1055:
Therefore, the Oldspeak sentence "He ran extremely quickly" would become "He runned doubleplusspeedwise".
2015:. John Wesley Young wrote this scholarly work about Newspeak and historical examples of language control.
715:, the 'un' indicates that the person (officially) never existed (or, in other words, never was a person).
2648:
2613:
2563:
2543:
2400:
1502:
169:
263:
is used to impugn an opponent who introduces new definitions of words to suit their political agenda.
2578:
2488:
2313:
2064:
1559:
828:
In spoken and written Newspeak, suffixes are also used in the elimination of irregular conjugations:
553:
332:
232:
181:
45:
2724:
2678:
2508:
2483:
2433:
2377:
1607:
455:
197:
120:(Ministry of Plenty) — are similar to German and Russian contractions in the 20th century, such as
1260:— a synonym for "political orthodoxy" and "a politically orthodox thought" as defined by the Party
2638:
2633:
2618:
2443:
2099:
1959:
1955:
1602:
1554:
1423:
1368:— the pornography production section (Porno Sector) of the Ministry of Truth's Fiction Department
638:, and relatives still inflect irregularly. They mostly follow their use in English, but the word
58:
2028:
1141:— to rid oneself of or fail to understand unorthodox thoughts that go against Ingsoc's ideology
2688:
2603:
2533:
2428:
2008:
1989:
1963:
1921:
1899:
1866:"Trump's use of 'Newspeak' to explain away virus puts Americans at risk | For What It's Worth"
1693:
1462:
328:
193:
188:, limited grammar, and finite vocabulary, much like the phonology, grammar, and vocabulary of
85:
81:
1775:
Fink, Howard (1971). "Newspeak: the Epitome of Parody Techniques in "Nineteen Eighty-Four"".
2703:
2658:
2518:
2453:
2438:
2230:
2220:
2190:
1977:
1944:
1931:
451:
397:
250:
régimes and doublespeak language, earlier discussed in "Politics and the English Language":
247:
222:
1215:— the same in amount or quantity. Not used in the sense of having equal rights or freedoms.
2764:
2593:
1907:
1619:
1375:
704:
320:
297:
239:
202:
66:
1341:— ideas from the time before the Party's revolution, such as objectivity and rationalism
2583:
2493:
2478:
2423:
2136:
1913:
1842:
1686:
1451:
1129:
that black is white, and to forget that one has ever believed the contrary". (See also
623:
563:
483:
Newspeak words are classified by three distinct classes: the A, B, and C vocabularies.
1713:
800:"Old-" indicates a (usually derogatory) reference to the times before Ingsoc; such as
80:
of simplified grammar and limited vocabulary designed to limit a person's ability for
2718:
2528:
2523:
2059:
635:
189:
50:
1482:
146:
Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2698:
2668:
2628:
2513:
2267:
2167:
2023:
1488:
1447:— describes the personal beliefs that are contrary to the accepted norms of society
1443:
1145:
789:"Good-" and "Crime-" are prefixes which relate to ideological correctness; compare
559:
413:
101:
93:
2162:
1524:
1130:
2693:
2643:
2558:
2548:
2503:
2458:
2272:
2177:
2157:
1326:
1206:
1195:
945:
719:
459:
439:
419:
227:
2001:
Totalitarian Language: Orwell's Newspeak and Its Nazi and Communist Antecedents
1439:— a two-way television set with which the Party spies upon Oceania's population
2568:
2473:
2417:
2338:
2172:
1549:
1478:
1435:
1322:
1289:
1167:— the word that replaces Oldspeak words meaning "superlatively good", such as
575:
567:
492:
435:
69:
1282:— The political ideology of the Party, formerly known as 'English Socialism'.
1184:— the word that replaces Oldspeak words meaning "superlatively bad", such as
2195:
1574:
1529:
1510:
1391:
1137:
571:
504:
500:
408:
375:
means "Orthodox in thought"; whilst adverbs are formed by adding the suffix
185:
97:
89:
172:
meant to conceal the speaker's ideology from the speaker and the listener.
367:
means "very very cold". Newspeak forms adjectives by appending the suffix
2463:
566:(any word can function as a verb, noun, adjective, or adverb), and heavy
512:
508:
324:
164:
40:
17:
2369:
2588:
2448:
1221:— a facial expression which reveals that one has committed thoughtcrime
1199:— the act of simultaneously believing two, mutually contradictory ideas
631:
496:
158:
132:
76:(English Socialism) in Oceania, the Party created Newspeak, which is a
2683:
1624:
1455:— the Thought Police, the secret police force of Oceania's government
1353:— the word that replaces Oldspeak words meaning "very good", such as
1347:— a person's anti-social tendency to enjoy solitude and individualism
832:"–ful" transforms any word into an adjective, e.g. the English words
522:
is a word that can be uttered almost without taking thought, whereas
288:. Such dichotomies produced the linguistic and political concepts of
1799:
Orwell, George (17 June 1946). "Politics and the English Language".
1321:— the Ministry of Truth, which manufactures consent by way of lies,
703:. When appended to a verb, the prefix "un–" communicates a negative
2673:
238:
That the decline of English went hand-in-hand with the decline of
1325:, and distorted historical records, while supplying the proles (
122:
2373:
2032:
206:
323:. As a form of personal communication, Newspeak is spoken in
976:"–s" and "–es" transform a noun into its plural form, e.g.
711:
means "do not proceed" in Standard English. In the case of
168:(communist youth union). Newspeak contractions usually are
1920:. London, Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1985, 1984.
442:
discusses his editorial work on the latest edition of the
391:
The intellectual purpose of Newspeak is to make all anti-
217:" (1946) and in "The Principles of Newspeak" appendix to
335:
meanings and irregular spellings were simplified; thus,
1431:— the Ministry of Truth's Telecommunications Department
1988:. London, UK; New Brunswick, NJ: Athlone Press, 2000.
1974:
with English notes and commentary by Roderick H. Watt.
786:(submitting (a thing, usually) to a higher authority).
578:
constructions of verbs are alike, with both ending in
27:
Fictional language in the novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four"
255:
corrupts language, language can also corrupt thought.
2184:
The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism
1309:— the Ministry of Peace, which wages war for Oceania
918:"–ing" forms the present participle of a verb, e.g.
96:, acts of personal independence that contradict the
2285:
2260:
2239:
2213:
2204:
2145:
2129:
2108:
2072:
867:"–d" and "–ed" form the past tense of a verb, e.g.
695:, and the moral concept communicated with the word
1685:
582:Hence, the Newspeak preterite of the English word
205:. Moreover, whilst employed as a propagandist by
1803:. Vol. 114, no. 24. pp. 872–874.
1115:— the blind, enthusiastic acceptance of an idea
517:
448:
252:
745:"Doubleplus–" is an intensifier that replaces
2730:Constructed languages introduced in the 1940s
2385:
2044:
1970:. An annotated edition of Victor Klemperer's
1819:AAA: Arbeiten aus Anglistik und Amerikanistik
1679:
8:
1838:"Peter Foster: Sustainable Newspeak by 2050"
1812:
1810:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1731:The Oxford Companion to the English Language
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1227:— the Ministry of Truth's Fiction Department
1077:) unless they are particularly significant.
772:replaces the English phrase "before filing".
1470:— an upwards submission to higher authority
2392:
2378:
2370:
2210:
2051:
2037:
2029:
1329:) with synthetic culture and entertainment
427:communicated only their surface meanings.
259:In contemporary political usage, the term
72:. To meet the ideological requirements of
1996:(alk. paper). Translated by Martin Brady.
1461:— an executed person whose existence is
1378:for entertaining Oceania's working class
1910:discusses the plausibility of Newspeak.
1898:. Boston: Little Brown & Co, 1978.
1655:
1636:
1243:— the word that replaces words such as
423:(accepting contradictory beliefs), and
231:, the opaque language that arises from
1067:Sexcrime (Nineteen Eighty-Four) (song)
808:(ideals since abolished by the Party).
2740:Fictional elements introduced in 1949
1941:. Original German language editions.
7:
1540:Glossary of the Greek military junta
1404:— to refer (to someone or something)
775:"Post–" is the prefix that replaces
764:"Ante–" is the prefix that replaces
184:, Newspeak is a language of planned
1584:("The Language of the Third Reich")
1362:— the word that replaces "very bad"
804:(pre-newspeak Standard English) or
793:(idelogically-correct thought) and
1733:, Tom McArthur, Ed. (1992) p. 693.
1125:that black is white, and more, to
614:with all irregular forms (such as
598:Likewise, the past participles of
25:
2760:Propaganda techniques using words
1982:The language of the Third Reich:
1593:Politics and the English Language
965:comparison of an adjective, e.g.
933:comparison of an adjective, e.g.
608:swimmed, gived, bringed, speaked,
215:Politics and the English Language
2353:
2352:
1918:Newspeak: a dictionary of jargon
1836:Foster, Peter (5 January 2021).
1744:"Moellerlit Newspeak dictionary"
1509:
1495:
1481:
300:of The Party over the people of
246:explains the connection between
1972:LTI, Notizbuch eines Philologen
749:and superlatives; for example,
383:means "In an orthodox manner".
32:Newspeak (programming language)
1463:erased from history and memory
1:
1939:: Notizbuch eines Philologen.
2770:Words originating in fiction
2664:Rally 'round the flag effect
2539:Fear, uncertainty, and doubt
2005:University Press of Virginia
1517:Constructed languages portal
1424:transcribes speech into text
359:are used for emphasis, e.g.
319:, which are the products of
315:to functionally communicate
1984:LTI - Lingua Tertii Imperii
1980:& Brady, Martin (tr.).
1950:LTI - Lingua Tertii Imperii
1937:LTI - Lingua Tertii Imperii
1581:LTI – Lingua Tertii Imperii
1088:— the prefix that replaces
797:(any anti-Ingsoc thoughts).
333:comparative and superlative
2791:
2019:The Principles of Newspeak
1986:: A Philologist's Notebook
1952:: A Philologist's Notebook
1390:— the Ministry of Truth's
1064:
738:and English words such as
707:; thus, the Newspeak word
551:
29:
2407:
2347:
1272:— the word that replaces
600:swim, give, bring, speak,
1947:& Watt, Roderick H.
1545:Glossary of Nazi Germany
622:) being eliminated. The
351:. The Newspeak prefixes
30:Not to be confused with
2469:Cartographic propaganda
2307:George Orwell on Screen
1684:Orwell, George (1949).
1535:Authoritarian socialism
1099:artificial insemination
753:replaces words such as
524:Communist International
176:Development of Newspeak
162:(collective farm), and
154:Communist International
88:, self-expression, and
2750:Historical negationism
2654:Propaganda of the deed
2624:New generation warfare
2574:Historical negationism
2412:Accusation in a mirror
2314:"1984" (advertisement)
1692:. Secker and Warburg.
1598:Sapir–Whorf hypothesis
1588:Philosophy of language
1570:Linguistic imperialism
1565:Linguistic determinism
558:Newspeak's grammar is
533:
476:
363:means "very cold" and
257:
170:syllabic abbreviations
2649:Psychological warfare
2614:Monumental propaganda
2564:Glittering generality
2544:Firehose of falsehood
2401:Propaganda techniques
2299:The Ministry of Truth
1999:Young, John Wesley .
1503:United Kingdom portal
944:"–er" also forms the
922:(actively practicing
590:and that of the word
371:to a root-word, e.g.
138:Geheime Staatspolizei
116:(Ministry of Truth),
112:(English Socialism),
98:ideological orthodoxy
49:(published 1949), by
2755:Nineteen Eighty-Four
2489:Demonizing the enemy
2332:Australian TV series
2065:Nineteen Eighty-Four
2024:George Orwell's 1984
1895:Nineteen Eighty-Five
1864:Weintraub, Richard.
1688:Nineteen Eighty-Four
1560:Language and thought
952:(one whom practices
650:tenses are dropped,
554:Germanic strong verb
432:Nineteen Eighty-Four
311:eliminates the word
244:Nineteen Eighty-Four
233:cognitive dissonance
219:Nineteen Eighty-Four
182:constructed language
46:Nineteen Eighty-Four
2745:Fictional languages
2679:Shooting and crying
2509:Emotive conjugation
2484:Cult of personality
2434:Atrocity propaganda
2116:Political geography
2003:. Charlottesville:
1756:on 15 February 2017
1608:Un-word of the year
1398:a historical record
1061:Newspeak vocabulary
606:were, respectively
444:Newspeak Dictionary
331:. English words of
296:that reinforce the
198:controlled language
78:controlled language
2735:Controlled English
2639:Oversimplification
2619:Moralistic fallacy
2186:(Goldstein's book)
2100:Emmanuel Goldstein
1960:Edwin Mellen Press
1956:Lewiston, New York
1892:Burgess, Anthony.
1603:Soviet phraseology
1555:Inclusive language
1335:— Standard English
1155:— order of the day
1031:is transformed to
911:is transformed to
860:is transformed to
654:being replaced by
468:Freedom is Slavery
59:fictional language
2712:
2711:
2604:Managing the news
2429:Appeal to emotion
2367:
2366:
2327:British TV series
2281:
2280:
1978:Klemperer, Victor
1945:Klemperer, Victor
1932:Klemperer, Victor
1699:978-0-452-28423-4
1422:— a machine that
1035:, and words like
961:"–est" forms the
560:greatly simplifed
417:(thought crime),
329:critical thinking
194:Charles Kay Ogden
128:Nationalsozialist
86:personal identity
82:critical thinking
16:(Redirected from
2782:
2704:White propaganda
2659:Public relations
2634:Overcomplication
2519:False accusation
2454:Black propaganda
2444:Beautiful people
2439:Bandwagon effect
2394:
2387:
2380:
2371:
2356:
2355:
2293:In popular media
2211:
2191:Two Minutes Hate
2053:
2046:
2039:
2030:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1814:
1805:
1804:
1796:
1785:
1784:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1755:
1749:. Archived from
1748:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1691:
1681:
1644:
1641:
1519:
1514:
1513:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1491:
1486:
1485:
1182:doubleplusungood
929:"–er" forms the
844:are replaced by
699:is expressed as
691:are replaced by
430:In the story of
398:lateral thinking
223:Standard English
203:abstract thought
21:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2594:Loaded language
2403:
2398:
2368:
2363:
2343:
2277:
2256:
2235:
2200:
2141:
2125:
2104:
2068:
2057:
1914:Green, Jonathon
1908:Anthony Burgess
1889:
1887:Further reading
1884:
1874:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1848:
1846:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1816:
1815:
1808:
1798:
1797:
1788:
1777:Critical Survey
1774:
1773:
1769:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1746:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1718:Merriam Webster
1712:
1711:
1707:
1700:
1683:
1682:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1620:Ascian language
1515:
1508:
1501:
1496:
1494:
1487:
1480:
1477:
1376:popular culture
1070:
1063:
852:is replaced by
826:
705:imperative mood
680:
576:past participle
564:parts of speech
556:
550:
481:
389:
387:Thought control
321:intellectualism
298:totalitarianism
269:
240:intellectualism
178:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2788:
2786:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2717:
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2710:
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2707:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
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2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2584:Indoctrination
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2494:Disinformation
2491:
2486:
2481:
2479:Cherry picking
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2424:Appeal to fear
2421:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2374:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2316:
2311:
2303:
2301:(Lynskey book)
2295:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2264:
2262:
2258:
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2255:
2254:
2249:
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2237:
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2228:
2223:
2217:
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2208:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2137:Thought Police
2133:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2048:
2041:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2016:
1997:
1975:
1942:
1929:
1911:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1856:
1843:Financial Post
1828:
1806:
1786:
1767:
1735:
1723:
1705:
1698:
1654:
1652:
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1629:
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1622:
1611:
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1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1577:
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1562:
1557:
1552:
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1537:
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1527:
1521:
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1506:
1492:
1476:
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1471:
1465:
1456:
1448:
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1432:
1426:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1385:
1379:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1348:
1342:
1336:
1330:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1283:
1277:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1238:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1200:
1192:
1179:
1165:doubleplusgood
1162:
1156:
1150:
1142:
1134:
1116:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1062:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1001:
974:
959:
958:
957:
927:
916:
865:
825:
822:
821:
820:
809:
798:
787:
780:
773:
762:
751:doubleplusgood
743:
722:that replaces
718:"Plus–" is an
716:
679:
676:
636:demonstratives
549:
546:
480:
477:
388:
385:
365:doublepluscold
268:
265:
213:In the essay "
196:in 1930. As a
177:
174:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2787:
2776:
2775:George Orwell
2773:
2771:
2768:
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2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
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2726:
2723:
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2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
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2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
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2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2529:False dilemma
2527:
2525:
2524:False balance
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
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2480:
2477:
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2457:
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2395:
2390:
2388:
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2328:
2325:
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2320:
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2315:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2304:
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2300:
2296:
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2284:
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2263:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2248:
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2242:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2080:Winston Smith
2078:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2060:George Orwell
2054:
2049:
2047:
2042:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2013:0-8139-1324-1
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1994:0-485-11526-3
1991:
1987:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1968:0-7734-8681-X
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1951:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1926:0-7102-0673-9
1923:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1904:0-316-11651-3
1901:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1871:
1870:Pocono Record
1867:
1860:
1857:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1832:
1829:
1825:(2): 171–183.
1824:
1820:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1783:(2): 155–163.
1782:
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1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
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1239:
1236:
1235:crimethinkful
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1197:
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1191:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1178:
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1160:
1157:
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1128:
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1120:
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1111:
1109:
1105:
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1096:
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1082:
1078:
1076:
1068:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1033:goodthinkwise
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
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1010:
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999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
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964:
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936:
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928:
925:
921:
917:
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433:
428:
426:
422:
421:
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394:
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381:goodthinkwise
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305:
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266:
264:
262:
256:
251:
249:
248:authoritarian
245:
241:
236:
234:
230:
229:
224:
220:
216:
211:
208:
204:
199:
195:
191:
190:Basic English
187:
183:
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103:
99:
95:
94:thoughtcrimes
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
51:George Orwell
48:
47:
42:
37:
33:
19:
2699:Whataboutism
2669:Scapegoating
2629:Obscurantism
2609:Minimisation
2598:
2514:Exaggeration
2416:
2351:
2322:radio series
2306:
2298:
2252:UK programme
2183:
2168:Thoughtcrime
2152:
2063:
2000:
1981:
1971:
1948:
1935:
1917:
1893:
1873:. Retrieved
1869:
1859:
1847:. Retrieved
1841:
1831:
1822:
1818:
1801:New Republic
1800:
1780:
1776:
1770:
1758:. Retrieved
1751:the original
1738:
1730:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1687:
1639:
1613:
1612:
1579:
1489:Books portal
1467:
1458:
1450:
1444:thoughtcrime
1442:
1434:
1428:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1387:
1381:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1285:
1279:
1276:as an adverb
1273:
1269:
1263:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1234:
1230:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1202:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1161:— department
1158:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1103:
1094:
1089:
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1079:
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1032:
1028:
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1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
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993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
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966:
962:
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949:
938:
934:
930:
923:
920:goodthinking
919:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
862:goodthinkful
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
827:
816:
812:
805:
801:
794:
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746:
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731:
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639:
627:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
568:inflectional
557:
541:
538:
534:
527:
523:
519:
518:
489:
485:
482:
471:
467:
449:
443:
436:lexicologist
431:
429:
424:
418:
412:
404:
402:
390:
380:
376:
373:goodthinkful
372:
368:
364:
360:
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316:
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308:
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293:
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179:
163:
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149:
141:
137:
131:
127:
121:
117:
113:
109:
106:
102:collectivism
92:, which are
67:totalitarian
54:
44:
38:
36:
2694:Weasel word
2644:Plain folks
2559:Gish gallop
2549:Flag-waving
2504:Doublespeak
2499:Dog whistle
2459:Blood libel
2309:(Ryan book)
2206:Adaptations
2178:Memory hole
2158:Doublethink
2095:Big Brother
1327:proletariat
1290:labour camp
1207:philologist
1196:doublethink
1108:Big Brother
1075:unbellyfeel
1017:unspeedwise
950:goodthinker
946:verbal noun
913:goodthinked
720:intensifier
626:(including
624:auxiliaries
616:swam, gave,
456:Shakespeare
420:doublethink
357:doubleplus–
228:doublespeak
108:Newspeak —
2725:Censorship
2719:Categories
2569:Half-truth
2474:Censorship
2418:Ad hominem
2339:Groupthink
2268:2005 opera
2247:US program
2240:Television
2173:Telescreen
2121:Ministries
2073:Characters
1760:16 January
1714:"Newspeak"
1651:References
1550:Groupthink
1436:telescreen
1420:speakwrite
1396:distorting
1360:plusungood
1323:propaganda
1313:Miniplenty
1249:completely
1146:crimethink
1119:blackwhite
1041:completely
854:unspeedful
817:malreports
795:crimethink
770:antefiling
552:See also:
479:Vocabulary
438:character
414:crimethink
294:crimethink
267:Principles
118:Miniplenty
100:of Ingsoc
70:superstate
2579:Ideograph
2534:Fake news
2318:Room 101
2273:2013 play
2231:2023 film
2226:1984 film
2221:1956 film
2196:Hate Week
2163:2 + 2 = 5
1575:Logocracy
1530:Algospeak
1525:2 + 2 = 5
1392:euphemism
1372:prolefeed
1295:malquoted
1258:goodthink
1219:facecrime
1203:duckspeak
1177:fantastic
1169:excellent
1138:crimestop
1131:2 + 2 = 5
1113:bellyfeel
1029:goodthink
1021:carefully
1009:speedwise
954:goodthink
924:goodthink
909:goodthink
858:Goodthink
813:malquotes
791:goodthink
759:excellent
755:fantastic
747:extremely
736:very good
734:replaces
709:unproceed
572:preterite
520:Comintern
505:Comintern
501:Politburo
409:free will
403:The word
290:goodthink
282:happiness
186:phonology
150:Comintern
142:politburo
90:free will
41:dystopian
18:Prolefeed
2599:Newspeak
2464:Buzzword
2358:Category
2153:Newspeak
2146:Concepts
2007:, 1991.
1962:, 1997.
1614:Fiction:
1475:See also
1459:unperson
1452:thinkpol
1414:sexcrime
1410:— sector
1366:Pornosec
1351:plusgood
1339:oldthink
1333:Oldspeak
1319:Minitrue
1270:goodwise
1241:fullwise
1190:horrible
1186:terrible
1173:fabulous
1153:dayorder
1049:fullwise
1025:carewise
1023:becomes
1015:becomes
1007:becomes
996:becomes
988:becomes
980:becomes
969:becomes
937:becomes
903:becomes
895:becomes
887:becomes
879:becomes
871:becomes
846:speedful
824:Suffixes
806:oldthink
802:oldspeak
732:plusgood
730:; thus,
713:unperson
678:Prefixes
642:and the
632:pronouns
596:thinked.
588:stealed,
574:and the
528:Minitrue
513:Agitprop
509:Inprecor
361:pluscold
347:becomes
339:becomes
325:staccato
317:thoughts
274:pleasure
261:Newspeak
165:Komsomol
114:Minitrue
55:Newspeak
2589:Lawfare
2554:Framing
2449:Big lie
2286:Related
2090:O'Brien
1720:. 2020.
1429:Teledep
1388:rectify
1345:ownlife
1307:Minipax
1301:Miniluv
1286:joycamp
1264:goodsex
1253:totally
1123:believe
1047:become
1045:totally
1005:quickly
971:goodest
948:, e.g.
905:drinked
897:thinked
893:thought
881:stealed
768:; thus
620:brought
548:Grammar
542:science
497:Gestapo
452:Chaucer
379:, e.g.
349:goodest
313:thought
302:Oceania
286:sadness
159:kolkhoz
133:Gestapo
63:Oceania
57:is the
39:In the
2765:Satire
2684:Slogan
2130:Groups
2109:Places
2011:
1992:
1966:
1924:
1902:
1875:23 May
1849:23 May
1696:
1625:Nadsat
1382:Recdep
1280:Ingsoc
1251:, and
1225:Ficdep
1175:, and
1095:artsem
1090:before
1043:, and
1013:slowly
992:, and
939:gooder
935:better
907:, and
889:drived
873:runned
840:, and
766:before
701:ungood
693:uncold
664:should
648:should
612:taked,
460:Milton
434:, the
425:Ingsoc
393:Ingsoc
341:gooder
337:better
110:Ingsoc
74:Ingsoc
43:novel
2674:Senbu
2261:Stage
2085:Julia
1754:(PDF)
1747:(PDF)
1631:Notes
1468:upsub
1355:great
1245:fully
1213:equal
1037:fully
998:lifes
994:lives
901:drank
885:drove
877:stole
842:rapid
838:quick
784:upsub
777:after
740:great
672:would
660:shall
644:shall
628:to be
592:think
584:steal
464:Byron
377:–wise
353:plus–
309:think
180:As a
2689:Spin
2214:Film
2009:ISBN
1990:ISBN
1964:ISBN
1922:ISBN
1900:ISBN
1877:2021
1851:2022
1762:2017
1694:ISBN
1394:for
1274:well
1231:free
1188:and
1127:know
1086:ante
990:oxes
986:oxen
982:mans
967:best
963:most
931:more
850:slow
848:and
834:fast
815:and
757:and
728:more
726:and
724:very
687:and
685:warm
670:and
668:will
662:and
658:and
652:whom
646:and
640:whom
618:and
610:and
604:take
602:and
580:–ed.
493:Nazi
440:Syme
405:free
369:–ful
355:and
345:best
343:and
292:and
284:vs.
280:and
278:pain
276:vs.
123:Nazi
65:, a
2062:'s
1408:sec
1402:ref
1159:dep
978:men
869:ran
697:bad
689:hot
666:by
656:who
630:),
594:is
586:is
207:BBC
156:),
148:),
140:),
130:),
61:of
2721::
1958::
1954:.
1934:.
1916:.
1906:.
1868:.
1840:.
1821:.
1809:^
1789:^
1779:.
1716:.
1658:^
1374:—
1288:—
1247:,
1171:,
1106:—
1104:bb
1097:—
1039:,
1027:,
1019:,
1011:,
984:,
941:.
926:).
899:,
891:,
883:,
875:,
856:.
836:,
674:.
634:,
511:,
507:,
503:,
499:,
495:,
472:be
462:,
458:,
454:,
446::
104:.
53:,
2393:e
2386:t
2379:v
2052:e
2045:t
2038:v
1928:.
1879:.
1853:.
1823:4
1781:5
1764:.
1702:.
1237:.
1209:.
1133:)
1069:.
1051:.
1000:.
973:.
956:)
915:.
864:.
819:.
779:.
761:.
742:.
152:(
144:(
136:(
126:(
34:.
20:)
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