458:
343:, whilst being entirely in England has also been used as a reason for rail infrastructure devolution, with Westminster Welsh Affairs committee finding that HS2 will not benefit Wales and needs better north–south links. This classification means that Wales "loses out" on £5bn of rail spending. Mark Drakeford has suggested that rail infrastructure should be devolved, saying "the union connectivity review that the UK Government established concluded that devolution had been good for transport" and added that "successive Welsh Governments have made for the devolution of responsibility in rail to the Senedd, accompanied though, as Ken Skates has said, by the funding that needs to go alongside that responsibility.”
596:
2600:
297:("The Language Society") said that Jones should have accepted the offer and explored other means of funding, adding, “It’s been obvious for years that the Westminster Government is not interested in S4C. In 2010 it cut S4C’s funding significantly and the channel’s funding now comes through the BBC; S4C also has to share a number of resources with the BBC. So it’s not much surprise Westminster wants to wash their hands of the channel."
2588:
472:
2612:
222:
in Wales". In summary, the report made the following recommendations: Justice responsibilities should be held by a single Welsh MS and department, form a Welsh
Criminal Justice Board, Criminal justice data should be Wales specific and more detailed and increased utilisation of prison alternatives, particularly for women.
457:
221:
has used its own money to attempt to "mitigate the damaging effects of these policies". 40% of justice funding is contributed in Wales in addition to Welsh taxpayers money paid to
Westminster which is redistributed back to Wales. The report determined that "justice should be determined and delivered
166:
made by the UK government. Williams also suggested that full taxation powers should be devolved to the Senedd because "any reforms to tackle poverty that we undertake in Wales will always be limited" without full taxation powers. A study by the Wales
Governance Centre at Cardiff University concluded
239:
In
December 2022 first minister Mark Drakeford reiterated his desire for devolution of justice and said about Gordon Brown's Labour manifesto proposals of devolution of probation and youth justice, "in a practical way, we should focus on those aspects first, and if we can secure their devolution to
216:
produced a report in 2019 assessing the justice system in Wales for the first time in over 200 years. The report criticised the UK government's funding of justice in Wales, noting that the cuts to the justice budget by the UK government was "amongst the most severe of all departmental budget cuts".
124:
said that devolution of the Crown Estate would "fragment the market, complicate existing processes and make it more difficult for Wales and the rest of the UK to move forward to net-zero”. The session of the UK Parliament 2021-22 was prorogued and therefore the bill for its devolution sponsored by
170:
On 8 February 2023, Plaid Cymru called for the Welsh
Government to support the devolution of setting all rates and bands for Welsh Income Tax. Plaid leader Adam Price said that lack of tax powers hampers effective policy-making in Wales, particularly in responding to the cost-of-living crisis and
276:
with the Welsh and UK governments should state how media can be improved, an impartial fund formed by the Welsh government for news, establishment of an independent funding commission including a Welsh representative (with consent from other UK nations), all Welsh-language broadcasting devolved,
292:
It was revealed in
November 2022 that former first minister of Wales, Carwyn Jones was offered the devolution of S4C by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport at the time, Jeremy Hunt. Jones said that he could not agree to devolution of the channel because it was offered “without a
87:
potential in Wales saying, “Geography is on our side. If you're on the west side of the UK, you have the prevailing winds. We are surrounded on three sides by water.” Liz
Saville Roberts MP, leader of Plaid Cymru in Westminster, suggested that devolving these estates could “bring half a billion
154:
A 2020 YouGov poll found that 59% of Welsh voters would be in favour of devolution of tax and welfare, known as "devo-max". The question asked was “If there was a referendum tomorrow on the transferring of more powers to the Senedd (Welsh
Parliament), including control of tax and welfare, but
53:
In 2013, Dr
Richard Cowell of Cardiff University said that devolution of the Crown estate in Wales "might enable a better quality of debate about the kind of off-shore renewable energy development pathway that is appropriate for Wales, and open up discussion on how the royalties from resource
495:
are co-chairing the commission with McAllister stating that all options are on the table, including independence. The commission has two main objectives which are consideration and development of options for reform of constitutional structures of the UK, and progressive principal options to
486:
In 2011 the Welsh electorate voted in a referendum to give greater legislative powers to the
National Assembly for Wales. The Independent Commission on the Constitutional Future of Wales is an ongoing commission established by the Welsh Government that will make recommendations about Wales’
359:
The UK government said that devolution of rail network was considered as part of the St David's Day process, suggesting that its devolution did not political consensus. The UK government added that it would not devolve rail infrastructure and did not intent to revisit discussions.
99:
By July 2022, more than 11,000 supported the devolution of the Crown Estate in Wales with the petition reading, "This is money that would enable Wales to build and develop our own Welsh renewable energy industry rather than selling off our assets to the highest foreign bidder."
543:
to form a Council of the Nations and Regions. They would also devolve to the Senedd; Jobcentre plus, youth justice and probation service and access to British Regional Investment Bank. This plan have been described as almost being like a federal state.
416:
In February 2022, an action plan confirmed that the Welsh labour government would “seek the devolution of powers in relation to Gender Recognition and support our trans community” and suggested that the powers could be devolved “in the short term”.
167:
that devolvement of welfare benefits to Wales could increase the Welsh budget by ÂŁ200 million per annum. The cross-party equality committee of the Senedd also concluded in 2019 that devolution of said powers may create a more "compassionate" system.
267:
A cross-party Senedd inquiry via a report by The Culture, Welsh Language and Communications Committee concludes that the Senedd should have increased control over how broadcasting is both regulated and funded. The chair of this committee, MS
190:
that Universal Credit is "better discharged" at a UK wide level and "part of the glue that holds the United Kingdom together" even after suggesting that the cuts to the welfare system by the UK government were "cruel and deliberate".
67:
On 21 June 2021, Roberts presented the "Crown Estate (Devolution to Wales) Bill" to the UK Parliament saying this would “devolve management of the Crown Estate and its assets in Wales to the Welsh Government”. In 2022, Plaid Cymru MS
252:
said that Wales benefitted from the “reputation” of England’s justice system, which “has undeniably benefitted Wales and – as part of the England and Wales jurisdiction – has made it a popular place to do business internationally”.
615:
and other international organisations. As an independent country, Wales would be free to choose from a variety of governance options which could include agreements with other parts of the UK, such as in a free association or a
332:
of the time refused the proposal, citing concerns around funding, the weakness of the Welsh civil service and possible issues arising from the levels of integration between Wales's rail infrastructure with England's. The
175:. A report published earlier in the same week by the Senedd's Finance Committee recommended that the Welsh Government researches the risks and benefits of devolving powers to change income tax band rates and thresholds.
288:
In June 2022, the members of a new expert panel were announced for the devolution of communications and broadcasting powers to Wales as part of the co-operation agreement between the Welsh Government and Plaid Cymru.
2243:
95:
The "Climate Change, Environment and Infrastructure Committee" of the Senedd published a report on 22 February 2022 recommending the devolution of the Crown Estate and using its income to combat climate change.
444:. Clwyd South MS and former Welsh transport minister, Ken Skates, subsequently argued that the Welsh Government should devolve powers over road and rail infrastructure and planning, from Cardiff to North Wales.
350:
was classified as an England and Wales project, meaning Wales would not receive a ÂŁ1bn Barnett consequential. Plaid Cymru MP Liz Saville Roberts again called for the full devolution of rail infrastructure.
400:, leader of Plaid Cymru, suggested that the power to tax and regulate energy firms should be devolved to Wales in the wake of the energy price crisis in the UK and a 54% rise in energy price cap.
232:
Reducing the prison population by pursuing alternatives to custody where appropriate. These include programmes to tackle mental health issues and support and treatment for drug and alcohol misuse.
337:
at Cardiff University has concluded that Wales could have had an additional ÂŁ514 million for investment from 2011 to 2012 and 2019 to 2020 if rail infrastructure was devolved during this period.
2086:
64:
called for the devolution of the Crown Estate in Wales saying that a large majority in the Senedd supports its devolution and having the same powers as Scotland over the Crown Estate.
1978:
272:
concluded that Wales does not have "the media it needs to function as a successful nation". This report included the following recommendations: Increased broadcasting powers devolved,
2264:
496:
strengthen Welsh democracy and deliver improvements for Wales. The interim findings of the commission outlined three viable options for Wales, to be explored in more depth in 2023:
158:
The Welsh government have also called for a vacant land tax to "incentivise developers to progress stalled developments to help provide high quality, safe and affordable housing."
2233:
140:
In 2023, a poll by YouGov showed that a majority of 58% of the people of Wales support the devolution of the Crown Estate compared to 19% who are opposed and 23% who don't know.
1284:
2337:
408:
Mark Drakeford, although agreeing with the sentiment that the price cap should be lowered, believed that it was a matter of getting a UK government to "do the right thing".
320:
and the UK Government but there are calls from the Welsh Government and cross-party agreement in the Senedd for the devolution of rail infrastructure to Wales, according to
132:
said that he doesn't understand why there is support for devolving the Crown Estate to Wales. The Welsh Conservatives are opposed to devolving the crown estate to Wales.
1054:
519:
This is the first of the three constitutional options for Wales as proposed by the Independent Commission on the Constitutional Future of Wales. This option includes:
929:
816:
372:
following Brexit from the EU. European Structural Funding to Wales averaged ÂŁ375m during EU membership with decision making by the Welsh government. Labour leader
2012:
1601:
1572:
766:
2469:
149:
2332:
2121:
1701:
1479:
2647:
2163:
1161:
791:
369:
249:
1363:
1186:
2322:
305:
UK Culture Minister Margot James said that broadcasting would remain a reserved power and is “the sort of thing which brings the union together”.
1740:
1529:
1843:
1765:
1136:
629:
200:
2536:
1819:
1793:
1111:
590:
1626:
1235:
2405:
377:
2642:
2381:
686:
1004:
2448:
1292:
325:
866:
235:
Using a rights based approach to law and policy making, and further incorporation of internationally agreed rights into domestic law.
2238:
1458:
428:
A UK government equality hub spokesperson has said, "there are no plans to reform the Gender Recognition Act in England or Wales".
1924:
2531:
2208:
2170:
2158:
2153:
2139:
553:
503:
155:
excluding defence and foreign affairs, how would you vote? Should more powers be transferred to the Senedd (Welsh Parliament)?”.
36:
1547:
1338:
1062:
313:
88:
pounds worth of offshore wind and tidal stream potential under Welsh control." In January 2022, Wales' Climate Change minister
2371:
2269:
2114:
213:
1858:
1387:
536:
This option has been described as providing greater stability and requiring minimal changes for other countries of the UK.
2505:
2474:
1715:
714:
980:
328:
in a proposal for devolution document. The UK Government offered to devolve rail infrastructure to Wales in 2005 but the
205:
The Labour Welsh Government, Plaid Cymru and various authors have called for the criminal justice system to move from an
2354:
2300:
2295:
649:
595:
565:
540:
171:
public services crises. This proposed devolution would match powers already devolved to the Scottish Parliament via the
487:
constitutional future and the powers of the Senedd. Having their first meeting on the 25th of November 2021, Professor
1339:"Written Statement: Update on the development of the justice system and the legal sector in Wales (30 September 2021)"
1313:
2315:
2037:
1580:
577:
The Welsh Labour Party manifesto supports "far-reaching federalism" with powers equal Scotland and Northern Ireland.
162:, Plaid Cymru MS (member of Senedd) has called for devolution of welfare powers to the Senedd in response to cuts to
1995:
2349:
2637:
2196:
2107:
329:
738:
558:
The Independent Commission on the Constitutional Future of Wales proposes the following reform for this option:
118:
The secretary of state for Wales, Simon Hart said that Wales would not benefit from devolving the crown estate.
1652:
930:"Minister baffled by calls to devolve Crown Estate to Wales - 'Could someone point me to what the problem is?'"
347:
225:
There been calls for justice be devolved to the Senedd by the Welsh Government, and a report in 2022 proposed:
2572:
2203:
388:
A UK Government spokesman said that the UK Shared Prosperity Fund would match previous EU funding in Wales.
334:
184:
104:
76:
650:"Commission on Devolution in Wales Written evidence: Dr Richard Cowell, Cardiff University, 19th July 2013"
842:
817:"Crown Estate should be devolved to Wales and the income spent on tackling climate change says new report"
294:
2604:
2376:
1504:
1211:"Plaid Cymru call for devolution of justice to Wales - 'we can't be treated as an appendage to England'"
48:
1949:
1882:
110:
Mark Drakeford confirmed in January 2023 that devolving the Crown Estate was Welsh government policy.
1602:"Wales will not benefit from HS2 and needs better north-south rail links, says Westminster committee"
1029:
441:
376:
has promised to devolve the EU replacement fund to the Welsh government, if Labour is elected in the
2562:
2327:
61:
2541:
2479:
2259:
586:
508:
436:
In February 2023, the Welsh Government scrapped various planned road infrastructure projects in
92:
stated that it is “outrageous” that the Crown Estate was devolved in Scotland and not in Wales.
1480:"'Welsh Government missed an opportunity' by refusing devolution of S4C say language activists"
2443:
1454:
206:
172:
1900:
240:
Wales, then we will be able to move on from there into the other aspects that would follow."
2515:
2495:
2191:
2130:
1446:
1210:
1162:"Drakeford accuses UK Government of 'cruel and deliberate cuts' to Welsh families' benefits"
488:
463:
380:. Plaid Cymru have also introduced a Bill for the devolution of the Shared Prosperity Fund.
278:
218:
163:
84:
20:
2592:
2433:
792:"'Outrageous that Crown Estate is devolved to Scotland and not Wales' says Welsh minister"
608:
159:
666:
107:
also support the devolution of the Crown Estate in Wales as decided at their conference.
2398:
2310:
2305:
2289:
612:
492:
477:
262:
187:
2587:
1676:
1412:
1086:
2631:
2510:
1820:"Welsh Government to seek devolution of gender recognition laws amid Scotland battle"
1741:"Plaid Cymru MP introduces Bill calling for the devolution of post-EU funds to Wales"
1627:"Drakeford slams UK Government's 'neglect' of rail investment in Wales as 'pathetic'"
617:
121:
2087:"Interim report by The Independent Commission on the Constitutional Future of Wales"
1979:"Interim report by The Independent Commission on the Constitutional Future of Wales"
1766:"Welsh minister slams UK Government over mismanagement of post-Brexit aid programme"
1702:"Keir Starmer promises power boost to Welsh Government if he becomes Prime Minister"
1259:
687:"Fyddai datganoli Ystâd y Goron ddim yn dod â budd i Gymru, medd Ysgrifennydd Cymru"
2616:
2557:
2416:
2411:
604:
562:
The UK Parliament and Government's responsibility for the UK is separate to England
373:
340:
317:
269:
80:
69:
2013:"Labour embraces constitutional reform, especially if it keeps Scotland on board"
1859:"'Kick in the teeth' - Angry backlash over scrapping of North Wales road schemes"
1794:"Mark Drakeford dismisses call for power to tax energy firms to be held in Wales"
1112:"Power to set tax rates could help Wales tackle cost of living crisis says Plaid"
2567:
2438:
437:
89:
60:
called for the devolution of the Welsh Crown Estate in their manifesto in 2011.
57:
1438:
1005:"59% would support 'devo max' for Wales in a referendum, new YouGov poll shows"
767:"Mark Drakeford says devolving crown estate would help Wales with net zero aim"
471:
2500:
2062:
1901:"Historic "Yes" vote gives Wales greater law-making powers | Welsh Government"
1450:
915:
539:
On 5 December 2022, The UK Labour party announced that if elected, they would
397:
321:
129:
954:
2344:
891:
83:
in Wales to the Welsh government could enable the government to harness the
2038:"Reforming our Union: Shared governance in the UK June 2021 [HTML]"
1844:"Welsh Government to seek devolution powers to simplify gender recognition"
1573:"Wales has lost out on ÂŁ500m of rail funding with another squeeze to come"
1505:"Devolution of broadcasting 'the only answer' as UK Gov pulls S4C funding"
523:
Protection against unilateral changes by the UK Parliament and Government
24:
532:
Potential expansion of devolved powers, including justice and policing.
1925:"Welsh Government reveal members of its new Constitutional Commission"
72:
also called for the devolution of powers over the Welsh Crown Estate.
2186:
1030:"Devolution of tax process is not fit for purpose – Finance Minister"
368:
The Shared Prosperity Fund is a UK government fund that replaced the
32:
1364:"Devolution of criminal justice to Wales – will it actually happen?"
1187:"Devolution of criminal justice to Wales – will it actually happen?"
1137:"Taxing Times: WRIT and the Welsh Government's Draft Budget 2023-24"
1087:"Welsh election: FM opposes 'wholesale' benefits and tax devolution"
2099:
1653:"Wales misses out on ÂŁ1bn from a second major English rail project"
1314:"Welsh Government outline principles for a reformed justice system"
1996:"A New Britain: Renewing our Democracy and Rebuilding our Economy"
1950:"The Independent Commission on the Constitutional Future of Wales"
1236:"Video: "Jagged Edge" authors bring book discussion to Pontypridd"
594:
273:
28:
2103:
1388:"No devolution of justice to Wales says UK Government minister"
981:"Welsh people say the Crown Estate should be devolved to Wales"
425:
David TC Davies said he would not devolve the powers to Wales.
1716:"Starmer calls for more devolution at Welsh Labour conference"
282:
1413:"Devolution of broadcasting powers gets cross-party support"
1285:"Criminal justice in Wales: Two years since landmark report"
867:"Welsh LibDems demand devolving the Crown Estate to Wales"
529:
More stable foundation for Welsh governance in the future
281:(ITV) in Wales with increased Welsh content and improved
611:, and would be able to apply for full membership of the
1548:"The 'biggest mistake' the Welsh Government ever made"
1055:"'Wales needs full control over welfare and taxation'"
573:
Optional devolved financial responsibility for welfare
955:"Petition seeks control of Wales' Crown Estate land"
341:
HS2's classification as an England and Wales project
2550:
2524:
2488:
2457:
2426:
2390:
2364:
2282:
2252:
2226:
2219:
2179:
2146:
1677:"Rail network power devolution to Wales rejected"
285:feedback forum for improvement of BBC policies.
1530:"A railway for Wales: the case for devolution"
570:Devolved financial responsibility for taxation
79:, Mark Drakeford suggested that devolving the
2115:
1445:, Edinburgh University Press, pp. 1–21,
526:More constructive intergovernmental relations
209:system to a devolved Welsh system for Wales.
8:
739:"Pwyso am ddatganoli Ystâd y Goron i Gymru"
150:Full fiscal autonomy for Scotland and Wales
2223:
2122:
2108:
2100:
293:budget and without a penny". The chair of
916:"Crown Estate (Devolution to Wales) Bill"
715:"Who owns the seabed, and why it matters"
599:Independence supporters in Cardiff, 2019.
229:A focus on prevention and rehabilitation.
1260:"Commission on Justice in Wales report"
641:
125:Liz Saville Roberts did not continue.
54:exploitation should be best invested."
1973:
1971:
1969:
630:Proposed Welsh independence referendum
346:In March 2023, a second rail project,
201:Proposed Wales criminal justice system
1788:
1786:
1439:"1 The Evolution of Welsh Devolution"
1081:
1079:
843:"What the Crown Estate owns in Wales"
591:Proposed United Kingdom Confederation
31:, since the Welsh legislature of the
7:
1443:The Government and Politics of Wales
761:
759:
709:
707:
681:
679:
378:2024 United Kingdom general election
16:Proposals for more autonomy to Wales
2382:Interministerial Standing Committee
392:Energy firm taxation and regulation
2449:Constitution of the United Kingdom
326:Minister for Economy and Transport
19:There have been calls for further
14:
2465:Proposed further Welsh devolution
316:funding is the responsibility of
2648:Campaigns and movements in Wales
2610:
2598:
2586:
2404:Devolution Directorate-General (
2140:Devolution in the United Kingdom
1546:Hayward, Will (4 October 2023).
554:Federalism in the United Kingdom
470:
456:
277:Welsh government control of the
37:1997 Welsh devolution referendum
1857:Forgrave, Andrew (2023-02-14).
2372:Welsh Affairs Select Committee
1437:Deacon, Russell (2018-01-23),
248:A UK government spokesperson,
214:Commission on Justice in Wales
128:In June 2022, Conservative MP
1:
2506:Parliament for Wales Campaign
412:Equality Act: gender identity
2551:Parties represented in Wales
2355:Legislative Competence Order
1651:Hayward, Will (2023-03-17).
979:Hayward, Will (2023-05-05).
841:Hayward, Will (2022-07-15).
566:Reform of the House of Lords
667:"Ystâd y Goron yng Nghymru"
2664:
2643:Political history of Wales
2350:Legislative consent motion
1818:Duffy, Nick (2023-02-07).
584:
551:
448:Alternatives to devolution
260:
198:
147:
46:
35:was founded following the
2581:
2391:UK Government departments
2227:UK Parliament commissions
2137:
1887:Welsh Assembly Government
1451:10.1515/9780748699742-004
541:reform the house of lords
370:European Structural Funds
330:Welsh Assembly Government
217:The report notes how the
2397:Devolution Secretariat (
2316:St David's Day Agreement
440:, including a potential
348:Northern Powerhouse Rail
2573:Welsh Liberal Democrats
607:, Wales would become a
335:Wales Governance Centre
105:Welsh Liberal Democrats
2283:Devolution legislation
745:(in Welsh). 2022-10-13
693:(in Welsh). 2022-01-06
600:
364:Shared Prosperity Fund
2525:Proposed alternatives
2377:Welsh Grand Committee
2338:statutory instruments
2234:Kilbrandon Commission
1368:research.senedd.wales
1191:research.senedd.wales
719:research.senedd.wales
672:. 2011. pp. 1–2.
598:
515:Entrenched devolution
500:Entrenched devolution
188:Mark Drakeford claims
49:Crown Estate in Wales
892:"Plenary 24/01/2023"
442:Third Menai Crossing
144:Taxation and welfare
2563:Welsh Conservatives
2406:Ministry of Justice
2067:movingforward.wales
1345:. 30 September 2021
432:Regional devolution
314:Rail infrastructure
309:Rail infrastructure
295:Cymdeithas yr Iaith
183:On the other hand,
62:Liz Saville Roberts
2265:Holtham Commission
2260:Richard Commission
2253:Senedd commissions
1577:The National Wales
1289:The National Wales
1240:Cardiff University
1141:Cardiff University
1059:The National Wales
601:
587:Welsh independence
504:Federal structures
2625:
2624:
2278:
2277:
2270:Thomas Commission
1905:www.wired-gov.net
1266:. 23 October 2019
609:sovereign country
279:Channel 3 licence
207:England and Wales
173:Scotland Act 2012
23:, increasing the
2655:
2638:Welsh devolution
2615:
2614:
2613:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2591:
2590:
2480:Senedd expansion
2323:Devolved matters
2244:McKay Commission
2224:
2192:Welsh Government
2131:Welsh devolution
2124:
2117:
2110:
2101:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2059:
2053:
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2050:
2049:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1975:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1863:North Wales Live
1854:
1848:
1847:
1840:
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1639:
1638:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1579:. Archived from
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
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1501:
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1351:
1350:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1291:. Archived from
1281:
1275:
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1272:
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1256:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1232:
1226:
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1083:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1061:. Archived from
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:. 5 October 2021
1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1001:
995:
994:
992:
991:
976:
970:
969:
967:
966:
951:
945:
944:
942:
941:
926:
920:
919:
912:
906:
905:
903:
902:
896:Welsh Parliament
888:
882:
881:
879:
878:
863:
857:
856:
854:
853:
838:
832:
831:
829:
828:
813:
807:
806:
804:
803:
788:
782:
781:
779:
778:
763:
754:
753:
751:
750:
735:
729:
728:
726:
725:
711:
702:
701:
699:
698:
683:
674:
673:
671:
663:
657:
656:
654:
646:
489:Laura McAllister
474:
464:Laura McAllister
460:
219:Welsh Government
164:Universal Credit
85:renewable energy
21:Welsh devolution
2663:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2621:
2611:
2609:
2599:
2597:
2585:
2577:
2546:
2520:
2516:Opinion polling
2484:
2453:
2434:Barnett formula
2422:
2386:
2360:
2274:
2248:
2239:Silk Commission
2215:
2180:Devolved bodies
2175:
2142:
2133:
2128:
2098:
2097:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2071:
2069:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2047:
2045:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2022:
2020:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1967:
1958:
1956:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1934:
1932:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1909:
1907:
1899:
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1876:
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1792:
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1362:
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1357:
1348:
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1337:
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1332:
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1312:
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1307:
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1269:
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1244:
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1233:
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1218:
1209:
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1195:
1193:
1185:
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1180:
1171:
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1155:
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1110:
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1096:
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1084:
1077:
1068:
1066:
1053:
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1048:
1039:
1037:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1014:
1012:
1003:
1002:
998:
989:
987:
978:
977:
973:
964:
962:
953:
952:
948:
939:
937:
928:
927:
923:
914:
913:
909:
900:
898:
890:
889:
885:
876:
874:
865:
864:
860:
851:
849:
840:
839:
835:
826:
824:
815:
814:
810:
801:
799:
790:
789:
785:
776:
774:
765:
764:
757:
748:
746:
737:
736:
732:
723:
721:
713:
712:
705:
696:
694:
685:
684:
677:
669:
665:
664:
660:
652:
648:
647:
643:
638:
626:
593:
585:Main articles:
583:
556:
550:
517:
484:
483:
482:
481:
480:
475:
467:
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461:
450:
434:
423:
414:
406:
394:
386:
366:
357:
311:
303:
265:
259:
246:
203:
197:
181:
160:Sioned Williams
152:
146:
138:
116:
51:
45:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2661:
2659:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2630:
2629:
2623:
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2620:
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2607:
2605:United Kingdom
2595:
2582:
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2565:
2560:
2554:
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2513:
2508:
2503:
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2475:Justice system
2472:
2467:
2461:
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2452:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2428:
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2414:
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2402:
2399:Cabinet Office
2394:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2362:
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2341:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2290:Wales Act 1978
2286:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2230:
2228:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2204:First Minister
2201:
2200:
2199:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2156:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2104:
2096:
2095:
2078:
2054:
2044:. 25 June 2021
2029:
2004:
1987:
1965:
1941:
1916:
1892:
1874:
1849:
1835:
1810:
1782:
1757:
1732:
1707:
1693:
1668:
1643:
1618:
1593:
1564:
1538:
1521:
1496:
1471:
1459:
1429:
1404:
1379:
1355:
1330:
1305:
1276:
1251:
1227:
1202:
1178:
1153:
1128:
1103:
1075:
1046:
1021:
996:
971:
946:
921:
907:
883:
858:
833:
808:
783:
755:
730:
703:
675:
658:
640:
639:
637:
634:
633:
632:
625:
622:
613:United Nations
582:
579:
575:
574:
571:
568:
563:
552:Main article:
549:
546:
534:
533:
530:
527:
524:
516:
513:
512:
511:
506:
501:
493:Rowan Williams
478:Rowan Williams
476:
469:
468:
462:
455:
454:
453:
452:
451:
449:
446:
433:
430:
422:
419:
413:
410:
405:
402:
393:
390:
385:
382:
365:
362:
356:
353:
310:
307:
302:
299:
263:Media of Wales
258:
255:
245:
242:
237:
236:
233:
230:
199:Main article:
196:
195:Justice system
193:
185:first minister
180:
177:
145:
142:
137:
134:
115:
112:
77:first minister
44:
41:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2660:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
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2633:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2596:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2537:Confederalism
2535:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2511:Yes for Wales
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2478:
2476:
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2400:
2396:
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2346:
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2336:
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2331:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:(not applied)
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2255:
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2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
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2229:
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2222:
2218:
2210:
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2206:
2205:
2202:
2198:
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2185:
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2182:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2165:
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2161:
2160:
2157:
2155:
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2151:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2136:
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2125:
2120:
2118:
2113:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2030:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2005:
1997:
1991:
1988:
1980:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1906:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1888:
1884:
1878:
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1853:
1850:
1845:
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1746:
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1717:
1711:
1708:
1703:
1697:
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1669:
1658:
1654:
1647:
1644:
1632:
1628:
1622:
1619:
1607:
1603:
1597:
1594:
1583:on 2022-02-05
1582:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1565:
1553:
1549:
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1531:
1525:
1522:
1510:
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1475:
1472:
1462:
1460:9780748699742
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1433:
1430:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1320:. 23 May 2022
1319:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1295:on 2022-04-15
1294:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1277:
1265:
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1129:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1104:
1092:
1088:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1065:on 2022-02-05
1064:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1022:
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868:
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812:
809:
797:
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772:
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734:
731:
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692:
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668:
662:
659:
651:
645:
642:
635:
631:
628:
627:
623:
621:
619:
618:confederation
614:
610:
606:
597:
592:
588:
580:
578:
572:
569:
567:
564:
561:
560:
559:
555:
547:
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542:
537:
531:
528:
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522:
521:
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514:
510:
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308:
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286:
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275:
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264:
256:
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250:David Wolfson
243:
241:
234:
231:
228:
227:
226:
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220:
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210:
208:
202:
194:
192:
189:
186:
178:
176:
174:
168:
165:
161:
156:
151:
143:
141:
136:Opinion Polls
135:
133:
131:
126:
123:
122:Boris Johnson
119:
113:
111:
108:
106:
101:
97:
93:
91:
86:
82:
81:Crown Estates
78:
73:
71:
65:
63:
59:
55:
50:
42:
40:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
2558:Welsh Labour
2542:Independence
2464:
2417:Welsh Office
2412:Wales Office
2092:. p. 8.
2081:
2070:. Retrieved
2066:
2063:"Our Nation"
2057:
2046:. Retrieved
2041:
2032:
2021:. Retrieved
2019:. 2022-12-05
2017:the Guardian
2016:
2007:
1990:
1957:. Retrieved
1953:
1944:
1933:. Retrieved
1931:. 2021-11-16
1929:Nation.Cymru
1928:
1919:
1908:. Retrieved
1904:
1895:
1886:
1883:"Governance"
1877:
1866:. Retrieved
1862:
1852:
1838:
1827:. Retrieved
1823:
1813:
1802:. Retrieved
1800:. 2022-02-16
1798:Nation.Cymru
1797:
1774:. Retrieved
1772:. 2023-04-25
1770:Nation.Cymru
1769:
1760:
1749:. Retrieved
1747:. 2022-03-22
1745:Nation.Cymru
1744:
1735:
1724:. Retrieved
1722:. 2023-03-11
1720:Nation.Cymru
1719:
1710:
1696:
1685:. Retrieved
1683:. 2017-03-31
1680:
1671:
1660:. Retrieved
1656:
1646:
1635:. Retrieved
1633:. 2022-02-01
1631:Nation.Cymru
1630:
1621:
1610:. Retrieved
1608:. 2021-07-14
1606:Nation.Cymru
1605:
1596:
1585:. Retrieved
1581:the original
1576:
1567:
1555:. Retrieved
1551:
1541:
1524:
1513:. Retrieved
1511:. 2018-03-29
1509:Nation.Cymru
1508:
1499:
1488:. Retrieved
1486:. 2022-11-06
1484:Nation.Cymru
1483:
1474:
1464:, retrieved
1442:
1432:
1421:. Retrieved
1419:. 2021-03-11
1416:
1407:
1396:. Retrieved
1394:. 2021-10-08
1392:Nation.Cymru
1391:
1382:
1371:. Retrieved
1367:
1358:
1347:. Retrieved
1342:
1333:
1322:. Retrieved
1317:
1308:
1297:. Retrieved
1293:the original
1288:
1279:
1268:. Retrieved
1263:
1254:
1243:. Retrieved
1239:
1230:
1219:. Retrieved
1217:. 2022-11-29
1215:Nation.Cymru
1214:
1205:
1194:. Retrieved
1190:
1181:
1170:. Retrieved
1168:. 2022-02-02
1166:Nation.Cymru
1165:
1156:
1145:. Retrieved
1143:. 2023-02-08
1140:
1131:
1120:. Retrieved
1118:. 2023-02-08
1116:Nation.Cymru
1115:
1106:
1095:. Retrieved
1093:. 2021-04-23
1090:
1067:. Retrieved
1063:the original
1058:
1049:
1038:. Retrieved
1033:
1024:
1013:. Retrieved
1011:. 2020-11-18
1009:Nation.Cymru
1008:
999:
988:. Retrieved
984:
974:
963:. Retrieved
961:. 2022-01-23
958:
949:
938:. Retrieved
936:. 2022-06-09
934:Nation.Cymru
933:
924:
910:
899:. Retrieved
895:
886:
875:. Retrieved
873:. 2023-03-26
871:Morning Star
870:
861:
850:. Retrieved
846:
836:
825:. Retrieved
823:. 2022-02-22
821:Nation.Cymru
820:
811:
800:. Retrieved
798:. 2022-01-26
796:Nation.Cymru
795:
786:
775:. Retrieved
773:. 2021-10-21
771:the Guardian
770:
747:. Retrieved
742:
733:
722:. Retrieved
718:
695:. Retrieved
690:
661:
644:
605:independence
602:
581:Independence
576:
557:
538:
535:
518:
509:Independence
485:
435:
427:
424:
415:
407:
395:
387:
374:Keir Starmer
367:
358:
345:
339:
318:Network Rail
312:
304:
291:
287:
270:Bethan Sayed
266:
257:Broadcasting
247:
238:
224:
211:
204:
182:
169:
157:
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139:
127:
120:
117:
109:
102:
98:
94:
74:
70:Rhys ab Owen
66:
56:
52:
43:Crown Estate
18:
2568:Plaid Cymru
2439:Block grant
2220:Commissions
2147:Referendums
1824:inews.co.uk
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