72:
1206:
590:
466:
79:
52:
456:
of El
Ranchito, Sierra Rica and El Mulatto, among which are the valleys of Alamo, Chapó, El Mulato, and Rancho Blanco. Also they highlight the low hills of Manuel Benavides, Paso Lajitas and San Antonio. The area has two canyons: La Gaviota (the Seagull), 656 m (2,152 ft) deep, and Santa
1186:
in United States. After some meetings with villagers and local authorities, the region was declared a
Protected Area of Flora and Fauna in 1994. This protected area was included within the area of the Forest Protected Area, and declared in 1934, with the aim of conserving irrigation watersheds,
380:
ecoregion. It includes a number of mountain ranges separated by valleys and undulating plains. It has great diversity of vegetation types because of the large differences in altitude, from 700 to 2,400 m (2,300 to 7,900 ft) above sea level.
361:
481:
The area has an extremely dry and hot climate. The climatic conditions are very extreme, with temperatures up to 50 °C (122 °F) in summer. In addition, there is a contrast between the desert and cold temperate ecosystems. The climate is
1230:. Also, some people are clearing land for new crops, thus losing native plant species. Another threat is the mining exploitation, using materials extracted for works and services. There is also the plant smuggling, especially
413:. It covers a strip of 30 km (19 mi) wide by 100 km (62 mi) long. It has a height above sea level ranging from 700 to 2,400 m (2,300 to 7,900 ft), on the highest part. It adjoins
1469:
1202:
to be the counterpart of Big Bend
National Park. These initiatives were not considered for various reasons until 1994, except for the creation of the Department of Forest Protection enacted in 1934.
601:
In the area, there are several species, of which 79 are protected. Thirteen of these are species of plants, mostly cacti, while the rest are 66 species of wildlife, among which include the
120:
1675:
1222:
The protected area is affected by various threats, all being caused by humans. These may be environmental, due to the excesses committed by the settlers on the resources of
1426:
1665:
1270:(13 species of flora and 66 of fauna) and a large geological, hydrological and historical heritage, and a striking contrast between the ecosystems of desert and forest.
569:, which occupy 59.4%, and foundations and centers of population and public lands occupy the remaining 5.8%. The soils of the area and the area of influence are used for
1477:
1452:
1670:
1279:
344:
From 1784, the fort of San Carlos was abandoned and was only used by travelers, who were protected from attack by
Apaches and bandits. The first council of
218:, home to many species of plants and wildlife. Diverse species of the former category are found among scrub stands, microphyll desert, rosetophylous scrub,
163:
1571:
71:
414:
1565:"Analysis of Vegetation Protection Area of Flora and Fauna Santa Elena Canyon (Chihuahuan Desert, Mexico) using models Digital elevation"
457:
Elena, with a depth of 467 m (1,532 ft). Much of the area is flat, with slopes less than 8% and bigoted hills and formations.
1396:
1263:
1430:
369:
406:
263:
196:
41:
775:), among others. This table groups vegetation protection area are based on its altitude and its botanical composition.
274:(1300–1680). These populations were dispersed with seasonal movements, allowing the use of resources. They engaged in
17:
1660:
1213:, as it emerges from the Santa Elena Canyon. The left wall of the canyon is in Mexico and the right is in the US.
1645:
1250:
This reserve was created with the aim of having a protected area that represented the ecological area known as
1238:
and other archaeological artifacts used by the ancient inhabitants of the area. A looming threat is unchecked
1198:
The
Federal government of the United States had pushed, since 1934, for the creation of a protected area in
1087:
1045:
535:
519:
271:
1266:
conducted in 1994 also argues that the region should be protected because it has a considerable amount of
1183:
962:
956:
836:
410:
345:
325:
arrived at the same time, and ended with the
Mescalero and Lipan. The colonial government established the
200:
57:
562:
are located in the area of influence. It is estimated that 2,578 inhabitants live in the protected area.
527:
950:
923:
531:
865:
559:
929:
341:. Until 1890 the region remained virtually uninhabited due to attacks by Apaches and Comanche tribes.
995:
539:
442:
426:
543:
499:
1620:
1538:
1363:
1328:
811:
728:
625:
602:
315:
1205:
511:
507:
983:
898:
760:
515:
1174:
In 1990, at the request of the
Government of the State of Chihuahua, the process for creating a
348:
was built in 1824, and was annexed in 1831, as a section of San Carlos, which bears the name of
661:
503:
1446:
1267:
1251:
1188:
1179:
1175:
799:
768:
555:
446:
390:
377:
334:
251:
204:
104:
696:
551:
1139:
1115:
989:
688:
645:
637:
610:
495:
349:
215:
96:
1400:
735:), among others may be found. In the desert scrub rosetophylous, there are species such as
589:
805:
704:
641:
438:
1099:
1024:
736:
565:
Within the protected area there are 125 properties, which occupy 34.8% of the area, 13
453:
1654:
1621:"Management Program Area of Protection of Flora and Fauna Santa Elena Canyon, Mexico"
1135:
1123:
330:
259:
235:
1605:
Management
Program Area of Protection of Flora and Fauna Santa Elena Canyon, Mexico
1504:
1155:
606:
483:
255:
465:
437:. Volcanism caused folds between the plates, because the fragment into blocks of
254:
and paintings found at the site indicate the following human occupation periods:
744:
665:
649:
570:
287:
267:
1564:
360:
195:) is a protected area for plants and wildlife in the Mexican municipalities of
1210:
1086:
that have adapted to aridity. Among the species that inhabit the area are the
669:
621:
594:
470:
398:
326:
307:
227:
51:
337:, and the Board of Rivers, San Vicente, Santa Rosa and San Juan Bautista, in
135:
122:
1259:
1163:
1107:
574:
372:
shown in black. The area is protected by several reserves in both countries.
311:
247:
226:
and riparian zones. Birds and mammals that have adapted to aridity, such as
78:
1593:
Management
Program Protection Area Wildlife Canyon de Santa Elena, Mexico
333:, which were guarded by a garrison of soldiers. These were San Carlos, in
1192:
720:
712:
653:
434:
430:
402:
338:
322:
1626:(in Spanish). Mexico, DF: National Institute of Ecology. July 1997
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677:
629:
547:
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303:
291:
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279:
275:
219:
208:
100:
1646:
Map -Protection Area of Flora and Fauna Santa Elena Canyon, Chihuahua
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1231:
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1199:
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1091:
1083:
752:
681:
673:
657:
614:
578:
474:
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108:
1297:
The riparian vegetation is the one located on the banks of rivers.
1255:
1204:
566:
394:
1127:
1079:
365:
231:
207:. It was founded on November 7, 1994 and has an area of 277,209
1262:
and conducting joint actions in ecological matters. A study of
620:
The area has a great diversity of vegetation, highlighting the
1539:"Canyon Santa Elena. Protected Area of Flora and Fauna (APFF)"
1329:"Santa Elena Canyon. Protected Area of Flora and Fauna (APFF)"
1166:
and ornamental birds stands out, and several species of fish.
759:), among others. In the grasslands, there are species such as
676:
develop. Moreover, there is riparian vegetation consisting of
633:
223:
1364:"Santa Elena Canyon Protected Area of Flora and Fauna (APFF)"
44:
VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources)
1470:"Area of Protection of Flora and Fauna Santa Elena Canyon"
405:. 80% of the reserve is located in the municipalities of
687:
In the desert scrub microphyll, various species such as
364:
Map of the
Chihuahuan Desert, as a satellite image from
193:Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Cañón de Santa Elena
35:Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Cañón de Santa Elena
1242:, which can inadvertently damage parts of the reserve.
189:
Cañón de Santa Elena Flora and Fauna Protection Area
18:
Protected Area of Flora and Fauna Santa Elena Canyon
177:
169:
159:
151:
114:
91:
29:
1505:"Ecotourism: Northwest Region: Santa Elena Canyon"
1254:, where counterpart of protected areas border of
290:. Among the groups transiting this area were the
1563:González Palma; Sosa Cerecedo, Manuel (2003).
1397:"Santa Elena Canyon: Protection area wildlife"
214:The purpose of the reserve is to protect the
8:
664:. In the region with resetófila vegetation,
452:The area of Santa Elena Canyon includes the
449:Palaeozoic granitic and igneous intrusions.
1451:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1425:School Technical Sec 29 and 68, Chihuahua.
329:as a line of defense, where it built small
1676:Flora and fauna protection areas of Mexico
26:
1258:, being able to extend the protection of
477:, passing through the Santa Elena Canyon.
1666:Protected areas of the Chihuahuan Desert
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
777:
636:and vegetation riparian, and also scrub
588:
464:
359:
1308:
1290:
1280:Mexico–United States international park
1078:The fauna of the region is composed by
389:The Santa Elena Canyon is the state of
1532:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1444:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
415:Ocampo Flora and Fauna Protection Area
1574:from the original on October 17, 2009
1499:
1497:
1495:
1464:
1462:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1349:
7:
1671:Protected areas of Chihuahua (state)
1420:
1418:
90:
56:View of the Santa Elena Canyon from
1226:, with an overload of ranching and
597:running through Santa Elena Canyon.
1264:Autonomous University of Chihuahua
1182:was initiated, bordering with the
494:The main villages of the area are
25:
238:, highlight the latter category.
1162:). In addition, the presence of
370:border between the US and Mexico
77:
70:
50:
168:
164:Flora and fauna protection area
155:277,209 ha (685,000 acres)
486:, with little rain in summer.
473:, which separates the US from
1:
376:The protected area is in the
1476:(in Spanish). Archived from
1429:(in Spanish). Archived from
1399:(in Spanish). Archived from
546:. In addition, the towns of
498:, which is the county seat,
1187:protecting the flow of the
1170:Creating the protected area
1692:
1570:(in Spanish). p. 4.
65:
49:
39:
34:
1544:(in Spanish). p. 3
1537:Ecological Culture AC.
1369:(in Spanish). p. 1
1362:Ecological Culture AC.
1334:(in Spanish). p. 2
1327:Ecological Culture AC.
1088:black-tailed jackrabbit
672:and various species of
622:scrub desert microphyll
425:The area has a base of
346:municipality of Ojinaga
1218:Threats to the reserve
1214:
1184:Big Bend National Park
1178:in Northwest state of
1104:Odocoileus virginianus
1046:Muhlenbergia monticola
963:Dasylirion leiophyllum
957:Bouteloua curtipendula
837:Porlieria angustifolia
598:
478:
373:
136:29.12444°N 103.87694°W
58:Big Bend National Park
1208:
951:Heteropogon contortus
787:Appearance ranges (m)
725:Founquieria splendens
592:
468:
363:
1433:on December 20, 2012
1427:"Santa Elena Canyon"
1403:on February 21, 2009
996:Juniperus monosperma
427:Cretaceous limestone
266:(6500 BC – 900 AD),
141:29.12444; -103.87694
30:Cañón de Santa Elena
1112:Odocoileus hemionus
812:Prosopis glandulosa
781:Group of vegetation
733:Koeberlinia spinosa
717:Prosopis glandulosa
528:Paso de San Antonio
429:on which developed
401:and on the east by
270:(900–1500 AD), and
178:Governing body
132: /
1511:(in Spanish). 2003
1268:endangered species
1215:
1059:Bouteloua gracilis
1016:Bouteloua gracilis
984:Bouteloua gracilis
924:Viguiera stenoloba
899:Parthenium incanum
765:Bouteloua gracilis
709:Parthenium incanum
599:
532:San Antonio Alamos
479:
374:
203:, in the state of
95:Municipalities of
1252:Chihuahuan desert
1189:Amistad Reservoir
1176:Biosphere Reserve
1160:Aquila chrysaetos
1144:Falcao peregrinus
1134:. There are also
1076:
1075:
919:Acacia constricta
894:Acacia constricta
871:Larrea tridentata
866:constricta acacia
842:Larrea tridentata
800:Larrea tridentata
773:Hilaria belangeri
701:Flourensia cernua
693:Larrea tridentata
447:metamorphic rocks
393:, bounded on the
378:Chihuahuan desert
268:early Postclassic
216:Chihuahuan Desert
185:
184:
16:(Redirected from
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1661:IUCN Category VI
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1140:peregrine falcon
1116:collared peccary
1051:Pinus cembroides
1020:Pinus cembroides
990:Pinus cembroides
930:Mimosa wherryana
778:
749:Agave lechugilla
611:peregrine falcon
496:Manuel Benavides
407:Manuel Benavides
350:Manuel Benavides
321:The Spanish and
272:late Postclassic
197:Manuel Benavides
173:November 7, 1994
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861:Jatropha dioica
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832:Jatropha dioica
809:
806:Jatropha dioica
803:
652:in addition to
624:, scrub desert
587:
585:Flora and fauna
540:Jars of Wizards
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454:mountain ranges
445:. In areas are
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117:
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110:
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102:
98:
94:
73:
64:
59:
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48:
43:
42:IUCN category
38:
33:
28:
19:
1630:11 September
1628:. Retrieved
1614:Bibliography
1604:
1600:
1592:
1588:
1576:. Retrieved
1558:
1546:. Retrieved
1513:. Retrieved
1508:
1482:. Retrieved
1478:the original
1473:
1435:. Retrieved
1431:the original
1405:. Retrieved
1401:the original
1371:. Retrieved
1336:. Retrieved
1293:
1249:
1221:
1197:
1173:
1159:
1156:golden eagle
1151:
1143:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1095:
1077:
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1054:
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870:
864:
860:
841:
835:
831:
810:
804:
798:
784:Altitude (m)
772:
764:
756:
748:
740:
732:
724:
716:
708:
700:
692:
686:
619:
607:golden eagle
600:
564:
512:Paso Lajitas
508:Area Montoya
493:
490:Demographics
480:
451:
424:
388:
375:
343:
320:
256:Paleo-Indian
245:
213:
192:
188:
186:
745:lechuguilla
666:lechuguilla
571:agriculture
520:Santa Elena
516:New Lajitas
443:depressions
441:formed and
368:, with the
288:agriculture
160:Designation
139: /
127:103°52′37″W
115:Coordinates
1655:Categories
1304:References
1260:ecosystems
1211:Rio Grande
1154:) and the
1096:Lynx rufus
790:Area (ha.)
634:oak forest
613:, and the
603:black bear
595:Rio Grande
536:Providence
471:Rio Grande
399:Rio Grande
327:Rio Grande
312:Mescaleros
308:Chiricahua
280:collection
248:arrowheads
224:oak forest
191:(Spanish:
170:Designated
124:29°07′28″N
1548:April 25,
1484:April 24,
1437:April 24,
1407:April 25,
1373:April 25,
1338:April 25,
1180:Chihuahua
1164:songbirds
1108:mule deer
1063:2300–2400
1030:2100–2300
1001:1800–2100
968:1600–1800
941:48,266.05
935:1300–1600
904:1200–1300
875:1000–1200
793:Area (%)
767:) or the
761:penknives
757:Agave spp
662:huizaches
575:livestock
504:El Mulato
391:Chihuahua
356:Geography
335:Chihuahua
230:and some
205:Chihuahua
105:Chihuahua
1572:Archived
1447:cite web
1395:Conanp.
1274:See also
1193:Coahuila
910:14,084.1
881:53,670.4
852:52,611.8
846:900–1000
823:96,311.7
721:ocotillo
713:mesquite
654:mesquite
650:guayacán
556:Mahijoma
435:Tertiary
431:volcanic
403:Coahuila
385:Location
339:Coahuila
323:Comanche
209:hectares
92:Location
1607:, p. 9.
1578:May 14,
1515:May 14,
1474:Encarta
1240:tourism
1236:fossils
1224:pasture
1148:kestrel
1146:), the
1132:coyotes
1126:, some
1114:), the
1106:), the
1098:), the
1084:mammals
1007:2,622.3
974:9,969.8
817:600–900
705:mariola
697:hojasén
682:willows
678:poplars
642:mariola
630:pasture
552:La Mula
548:Ojinaga
524:Altares
461:Climate
433:in mid-
421:Geology
411:Ojinaga
397:by the
316:Lipanes
304:Apaches
292:Conchos
284:hunting
276:fishing
264:Archaic
252:mortars
242:History
228:wildcat
220:pasture
201:Ojinaga
101:Ojinaga
1595:, p. 8
1232:cactus
1228:cattle
1200:Mexico
1092:bobcat
1090:, the
753:maguey
727:) and
689:Guamis
674:cactus
658:catnip
646:cenixo
638:Guamis
632:, the
628:, the
615:beaver
609:, the
605:, the
579:mining
577:, and
567:ejidos
560:Morita
475:Mexico
310:, the
306:, the
300:Chisos
298:, the
296:Jumano
294:, the
286:, and
278:, the
181:Mexico
109:Mexico
60:, U.S.
1624:(PDF)
1568:(PDF)
1542:(PDF)
1367:(PDF)
1332:(PDF)
1286:Notes
1256:Texas
1246:Goals
1138:like
1128:ducks
1080:birds
1072:0.02
1036:731.6
944:17.3
884:19.2
855:18.9
826:34.6
670:sotol
439:lifts
395:north
1632:2009
1580:2009
1550:2009
1517:2009
1486:2009
1453:link
1439:2009
1409:2009
1375:2009
1340:2009
1209:The
1130:and
1082:and
1069:65.1
1039:0.3
1010:0.9
977:3.6
913:5.1
737:palm
729:reed
680:and
660:and
648:and
593:The
558:and
542:and
484:arid
469:The
409:and
366:NASA
314:and
302:and
246:The
232:deer
199:and
187:The
152:Area
99:and
1191:in
1122:),
1066:100
1033:200
1004:300
971:200
938:300
907:100
878:200
849:100
820:300
751:),
743:),
719:),
711:),
703:),
695:),
262:),
1657::
1525:^
1507:.
1494:^
1472:.
1461:^
1449:}}
1445:{{
1417:^
1383:^
1348:^
1311:^
1234:,
1195:.
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668:,
656:,
644:,
640:,
617:.
581:.
573:,
554:,
550:,
538:,
534:,
530:,
526:,
522:,
518:,
514:,
510:,
506:,
502:,
352:.
318:.
282:,
260:BC
250:,
222:,
211:.
107:,
103:,
1634:.
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1455:)
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1158:(
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