1161:
199:
135:
1025:
630:. Thus, the British notion of the protected cruising warship was being shaped early on by the commercial export models coming out of Elswick. (For the following decade, practically any British cruiser which was seen to have eschewed very heavy firepower in favour of conservative design balance was subject to fierce public criticism, and this period coincided somewhat unfortunately with Sir William White's tenure as DNC.)
719:
First-class protected cruisers were as large and as well-armed as armoured cruisers, and were built as an alternative to the large first-class armoured cruiser from the late 1880s till 1898. Second-class protected cruisers were smaller, displacing 3,000–5,500 long tons (3,000–5,600 t) and were of value both in trade protection duties and scouting for the fleet. Third-class cruisers were smaller, lacked a
589:
414:. By enlarging the flatiron gunboat concept, increasing engine power and thus speed, Rendel was able to produce a fast small vessel and still have enough tonnage to incorporate a very thin (quarter-inch thick) partial protective deck over the machinery. Still small and relatively weakly built, these vessels were 'proto-protected cruisers' which served as the inspiration for a significantly larger ship;
634:
of design features. Perhaps the most significant paradigm shift came with the universal adoption of quick-firing guns by the world's navies in the middle of the 1890s; suddenly small and medium cruisers saw a swift increase in their fighting power for a slight reduction in gun calibre, yielding a very economical balance of attributes. This kept the protected cruiser competitive for a further decade.
785:
38:
663:
shorter distance than newer equivalent ships, in a period where long-range fire control was a rapidly-developing discipline with technology to match; and finally – most critically – being less well protected than the new generation of side-armoured ships. From this point on, practically no more protected cruisers would be built for the world's navies.
633:
The protected cruiser remained a popular and economical type, rather stable in terms of its characteristics, right throughout the 1890s and into the early 1900s. During this period, protected cruiser designs of second- to third-class grew slowly in size, seeing few major changes to the common balance
427:
was the swiftest and most powerfully armed cruiser in the world. Happily ... she had passed into the hands of a nation which is never likely to be at war with
England, for he could conceive no more terrible scourge for our commerce than she would be in the hands of an enemy. No cruiser in the British
592:
A schematic section of a protected cruiser illustrating the protection scheme. Red lines delineate the armoured deck and gun-shields, and grey areas represent the protective coal-bunkers. Note that the deck is thickest on the slopes, that the upper coal bunker is divided longitudinally to allow the
365:
and her three sisters were successful and established a basis for future Royal Navy cruiser development, through the rest of the century and beyond. Their general configuration was scaled up to the big First Class cruisers and down to the torpedo cruisers, while traces of the protected deck scheme
733:
in six-inch thickness rendered the "armoured" protection scheme more effective for the largest first class cruisers, and no large first class protected cruisers were built after 1898. The smaller cruisers unable to bear the weight of heavy armoured belts retained the "protected" scheme up to 1905,
273:
would be able to pierce such armour. This problem was even more poignant where the design of cruising warships was concerned, with their requirement for long endurance needing much of their displacement to be devoted to consumable supplies – even where very powerful and space-consuming high-speed
617:
were born from a different tactical conception to their forebears and this was reflected in their armament arrangement. They were conceived as 'fleet torpedo cruisers' to carry out attacks on the enemy battle line and featured heavy guns fore and aft with excellent fields of fire. Despite public
662:
The majority of pre-existing protected cruisers – products of the
Victorian-era design generation – had now become obsolete: With their by-now old and worn engines degrading their already-eclipsed performance by this point; their older models of lower-velocity guns able to shoot accurately to a
747:
were completed. There was a general hiatus in
British cruiser production after this time, apart from a few classes of small, fast scout cruisers for fleet duties. When the Royal Navy began building larger cruisers (less than 4,000 long tons, 4,100 t) again around 1910, they used a mix of
718:
The Royal Navy rated cruisers as first, second and third class between the late 1880s and 1905, and built large numbers of them for trade protection requirements. For most of this time these cruisers were built with a "protected", rather than armoured, scheme of protection for their hulls.
547:
rather than chasing down swift commerce-raiding corsairs. While they carried a very thick and heavy armoured belt of great power of resistance that extended over the middle 140 feet (43 m) of the ship's 315-foot (96 m) length, the belt's upper edge was submerged at full load.
566:
type judged them inferior to the protected cruisers and thereafter the Royal Navy built only protected cruisers, even for very large first-class cruiser designs, not returning to armoured cruisers until the introduction of new lighter and stronger armour technology (as seen in the
476:
protective deck. This was up to 2 inches (51 mm) thick on the slopes, with a cork-filled cofferdam along her sides. It would not defend against fire from heavy guns, but was designed to be adequate to defeat any gun of the day considered capable of hitting so fast a ship.
658:
boilers, more effective at generating a constant steam pressure to get the best performance from the turbine engines, side bunkers of coal disappeared from ships and this change removed the protection they had afforded, making the shift to side armour a practical choice.
240:
and trade protection remained unarmoured. For several decades, it proved difficult to design a ship which had a meaningful amount of effective armour but at the same time maintained the speed and range required of a "cruising warship". The first attempts to do so, large
535:, begun in 1881 and finished in 1886, were built as armoured cruisers but were often referred to as protected cruisers due to the limited extent of their side armour – although what armour they had was admittedly very thick. Their primary role, as with the earlier
484:
set the tone for competitive cruiser designs into the early 20th
Century, with 'Elswick cruisers' of a similar design being constructed for Italy, China, Japan, Argentina, Austria and the United States. Cruisers with armoured decks and no side armour – like
181:
along the sides. By the early 20th century, with the advent of increasingly lighter yet stronger armour, even smaller vessels could afford some level of both belt and deck armour. In the place of protected cruisers, armoured cruisers would evolve into
286:
were under the armoured deck, and with hopefully enough reserve buoyancy to keep the ship afloat even in the event of flooding resulting from damage above the protective deck. An armoured deck had actually been used for the first time in HMS
937:, were built as "battleship destroyers", armed with a pair of large caliber guns. Subsequent cruisers were more traditional designs, and were instead intended for reconnaissance and colonial duties. Some of the ships, like
1774:
1241:
The reclassification of 17 July 1920 put an end to the U.S. usage of the term "protected cruiser", the existing ships were classified as light or heavy cruisers with new numbers, depending on their level of armor.
654:" which featured a side armoured belt (topped by a flat armoured deck) amidships and sloped armoured decks at the ends, instead of the single full-length curved deck of the older ships. With the introduction of
277:
The alternative was to leave the sides of the ship vulnerable, but to armour a deck just below the waterline. Since this deck would be struck only very obliquely by shells, it could be less thick and heavy than
392:. In the case of the latter, the armoured deck was of sufficient thickness to defend against small-calibre guns capable of tracking such a difficult, fast target. This was very much the philosophy adopted by
268:
made armouring the sides of a warship more and more difficult, as very thick, heavy armour plates were required. Even if armour dominated the design of the ship, it was likely that the next generation of
992:
in
January 1912. Most of the earlier cruisers were obsolescent by the outbreak of World War I, and so had either been sold for scrap or reduced to subsidiary roles. The most modern vessels, including
1767:
1563:
from the Naval
Historical Center. Excluding the larger armored cruiser type, these warships were "protected cruisers", with a steel armored deck covering machinery and ammunition magazines.
274:
machinery was not required – leaving very little weight available for armour protection. This meant that effective side belt armour would be almost impossible to provide for smaller ships.
256:
class, more like second- or third-class battleships and were mainly intended to fulfil this role on foreign stations where full-scale battleships could not be spared or properly supported.
1760:
726:, and were intended primarily for trade protection duties, though a few small cruisers were built for fleet scout roles or as "torpedo" cruisers during the "protected" era.
291:, although she did rely principally on her vertical belt armour for defence: Her protective deck was only a partial one, extending from the forward armoured bulkhead of the
354:
and re-rated as second-class cruisers before completion, these ships combined an amidships protective armoured deck with the size, lean form and high performance of
468:
was revolutionary; she had a high speed of 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph) (dispensing entirely with sails), an armament of two 10-inch (254 mm) and six
1740:
1000:
class, saw limited action in the
Adriatic Sea after Italy entered the war in 1915. The surviving vessels continued on in service through the 1920s, with some—
1155:
1809:
1050:
1049:. It was a small cruiser with a heavy main gun; four years later a larger and more heavily armed protected cruiser was commissioned, which was called
713:
252:, proved unsatisfactory, generally lacking enough speed for their cruiser role. They were, along with their foreign counterparts such as the French
1074:
The Dutch protected cruisers have played a role in several international events. For example, during the Boxer
Rebellion, two protected cruisers (
771:
613:
of 1883. Derived from the previous class, these were also protected cruisers but with a full-length armoured deck for superior protection. The
443:
1799:
1679:
1660:
798:
2370:
1804:
1556:
1141:
1095:
761:
748:
armoured decks and/or armoured belts for protection, depending on class. These modern, turbine-powered cruisers are properly classified as
913:
691:
677:
881:
841:
class more closely resembled German battleships of the period, which carried lighter main guns and a greater number of secondary guns.
489:– became known as "protected cruisers", and rapidly eclipsed the large and slow armoured cruisers during the 1880s and into the 1890s.
55:
2709:
1724:
1705:
1641:
1622:
1603:
1584:
121:
1520:
Ministerie van
Buitenlandsche Zaken. Diplomatieke bescheiden – behoorende bij de Staatsbegroting voor het dienstjaar 1901, p. 11.
455:
203:
1507:
102:
2575:
925:
318:
started in 1876; however, the deck was again only a partial-length deck, being placed amidships over the machinery spaces. The
1160:
74:
1881:
885:
642:
By 1910, steel armour had increased in quality, being lighter and stronger than before thanks to metallurgical advances, and
59:
1486:
892:-class vessels briefly served as training ships in the Baltic but were withdrawn by the end of 1914 for secondary duties.
825:
818:
in the 1880s. The Navy completed only two additional classes of protected cruisers, comprising six more ships: the unique
1082:
81:
2267:
338:
2737:
2550:
2396:
1134:
867:
1394:
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built several protected cruisers between 1880 and 1900. The first protected cruiser was launched in 1890 and called
307:
The first of the smaller 'unarmoured' British cruisers to incorporate an internal steel deck for protection was the
2597:
1979:
88:
970:
of 1911–1912, where several of them supported
Italian troops fighting in Libya, and another group operated in the
48:
2492:
2161:
2037:
1936:
1926:
1184:
1124:
1029:
397:
831:
ships. The type then was superseded by the armored cruiser at the turn of the century, the first of which being
2570:
2560:
2487:
2130:
1988:
1005:
975:
957:
938:
735:
529:
469:
403:
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laid down four armoured cruisers and one protected cruiser during the late 1880s, all large ships with sails.
70:
844:
These ships were employed as fleet scouts and colonial cruisers. Several of the ships served with the German
374:
By the start of the 1880s, ships were appearing with full-length armoured decks and no side armour, from the
2360:
2166:
1876:
1283:
1068:
741:
409:
393:
375:
198:
2355:
2242:
2206:
2201:
2027:
1931:
1297:
1258:
1251:
1039:
951:
944:
651:
900:-class cruisers similarly served in reduced capacities for the duration of the war. All eight ships were
837:. All of these ships tended to incorporate design elements from their foreign contemporaries, though the
593:
outer layer of coal to be maintained while the inner bunker is emptied, and the watertight double-bottom.
2442:
2391:
2287:
2191:
2186:
1906:
1324:
1310:
1220:
1109:
1057:
1011:
989:
683:
582:
552:
386:
265:
145:
832:
506:
for coastal defence, became particularly influential in France. The first French protected cruiser was
1752:
2668:
2272:
2221:
1964:
1846:
1209:
1075:
1043:
819:
804:
607:
568:
308:
283:
190:, the latter especially taking-up many of roles originally envisaged for that of protected cruisers.
140:
1067:-class cruisers were commissioned between 1898 and 1901, and featured, besides other armaments, two
2732:
2704:
2522:
2211:
2074:
1916:
1353:
812:
698:
507:
461:
209:
134:
924:(Royal Navy) ordered twenty protected cruisers between the 1880s and 1910s. The first five ships,
811:) built a series of protected cruisers in the 1880s and 1890s, starting with the two ships of the
2638:
2502:
2457:
2350:
2252:
2216:
2196:
2095:
1921:
1816:
1734:
1491:
1195:
1177:
1173:
931:
845:
720:
355:
345:
246:
170:
1636:. first published Seeley Service & Co, 1957, published United States Naval Institute Press.
1553:
766:
The French Navy built and operated a large variety of protected cruisers classes starting with
95:
2673:
2623:
2565:
2555:
2322:
2176:
1994:
1841:
1720:
1701:
1675:
1656:
1637:
1618:
1599:
1580:
1487:"German Commander Blames Venezuelans; Commodore Scheder Says That Fort San Carlos Fired First"
1270:
1224:
1188:
967:
875:
588:
1096:
List of cruisers of the Russian Navy § Cruisers of the Russian Imperial Navy (1873–1917)
2658:
2592:
2545:
2527:
2477:
2307:
2171:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2012:
1868:
1826:
1821:
1592:
1537:
1335:
1202:
1024:
861:
502:
school of thought, which proposed a navy composed of fast cruisers for commerce raiding and
292:
237:
225:
221:
174:
577:
The sole major naval power to retain a preference for armoured cruisers into the 1890s was
528:
remained equivocal about which protection scheme to use for cruisers until 1887. The large
2582:
2512:
2437:
2335:
2069:
2049:
2017:
1974:
1941:
1886:
1831:
1560:
871:
686:
built and operated three classes of protected cruisers. These were two small ships of the
242:
1056:. In addition to these two cruisers, the Dutch also built six protected cruisers of the
950:, were designed specifically for service in Italy's colonial empire, while others, like
2452:
2447:
2432:
2302:
2064:
1901:
1672:
The late Victorian Navy: the pre-dreadnought era and the origins of the First World War
578:
498:
454:
The first true mastless protected cruiser and the first of the 'Elswick cruisers', the
428:
navy was swift enough to catch her or strong enough to take her. We have seen what the
270:
187:
183:
163:
1156:
List of cruisers of the United States Navy § Protected and Peace cruisers (C, PG)
516:
in 1882, and followed by six classes of protected cruiser – and no armoured cruisers.
2726:
2688:
2683:
2648:
2633:
2587:
2497:
2482:
2340:
2282:
2277:
2181:
2059:
2044:
2032:
2022:
1911:
1891:
1348:
1264:
901:
749:
723:
643:
351:
558:, begun in 1885 and completed in 1889. They were affected by a similar fault to the
361:. They also featured a heavy and well-sited armament of modern breech-loading guns.
2643:
2628:
2467:
2462:
2401:
2345:
2312:
2145:
2140:
1946:
1277:
1235:
1130:
1100:
The Imperial Russian Navy operated a series of protected cruiser classes (Russian:
920:
730:
647:
543:, was still to function as small battleships on foreign stations, countering enemy
503:
434:
could do ... what might we expect from such an incomparably superior vessel as the
326:(24 km/h; 15 mph) speed, not fast enough for fleet duties. The following
233:
213:
1250:
A few protected cruisers have survived as museum ships, while others were used as
17:
1531:
1086:) were sent to Shanghai to protect European citizens and defend Dutch interests.
2678:
2517:
2416:
2292:
2247:
2135:
1984:
1969:
1231:
784:
513:
493:
429:
323:
279:
166:
37:
650:, were in general use. This gave rise to a new class of cruising warship, the "
2663:
2472:
2406:
1956:
1856:
1783:
1331:
849:
788:
525:
382:
322:
class were really designed for overseas service and were capable of only a 13-
296:
178:
460:
was designed by Rendel and built for the Chilean Navy by the British firm of
2537:
2411:
2226:
2120:
2100:
1303:
981:
855:
337:
A more potent and versatile balance of attributes was struck with the four
2653:
2386:
2257:
1896:
1851:
655:
315:
2607:
2507:
2365:
2262:
2125:
2004:
1787:
1290:
985:
971:
496:
adopted the protected-cruiser concept wholeheartedly in the 1880s. The
229:
159:
2602:
2330:
2297:
1317:
169:
offered protection for vital machine-spaces from fragments caused by
1215:
was the first to be launched, in July 1888, and ending with another
606:
class, the next small cruisers designed for the Royal Navy were the
220:
From the late 1850s, navies began to replace their fleets of wooden
714:
List of cruiser classes of the Royal Navy § Protected cruisers
2090:
1023:
783:
622:
class was heavily influenced by the Italian 'torpedo ram cruiser'
587:
133:
1533:
Acta historiae Neerlandica: Historical studies in the Netherlands
562:
regarding their belt's submergence. In 1887 an assessment of the
1756:
888:. Long since obsolete by the outbreak of World War I, the five
1577:
Birth of the Battleship: British Capital Ship Design 1870–1881
1133:
operated a series of protected cruisers classes starting with
282:. The ship could be designed so that the engines, boilers and
162:
of the late 19th century, gained their description because an
31:
678:
List of cruisers of Austria-Hungary § Protected cruisers
618:
Admiralty criticism of Elswick designs, it is clear that the
551:
Britain built one more class of armoured cruiser with the
1698:
Steam, Steel and Shellfire: The Steam Warship, 1815–1905
1223:, launched in 1904. The last survivor of this series is
1201:
a year later. A numbered series of cruisers began with
1530:
Nordholt, J. W. Schulte; van Arkel, D., eds. (1970).
1382:
Warrior to Dreadnought, Warship Development 1860–1905
2697:
2616:
2536:
2425:
2379:
2321:
2235:
2154:
2083:
2003:
1955:
1867:
1125:
List of cruisers of Spain § Protected cruisers
173:exploding above them. Protected cruisers resembled
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1591:
874:. During a deployment to American waters in 1902,
1594:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905
1108:). The last ships built to this design where the
646:engines, lighter and more powerful than previous
396:in his design of the so-called 'Rendel Cruisers'
216:, was the first warship of its kind in the world.
1016:, remaining on active duty into the late 1930s.
770:in 1882. The last ship built to this design was
480:With her heavy emphasis on speed and firepower,
421:
1401:(Valparaiso) 13, no. 183 (4 December 1884): 5.
1768:
8:
1508:"Nederlandse pantser – en pantserdekschepen"
963:, were designed as high speed fleet scouts.
1775:
1761:
1753:
1739:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1696:Gardiner, Robert; Lambert, Andrew (2001).
966:Most of these ships saw action during the
236:which performed the missions of scouting,
1463:
1461:
1254:, some of which can still be seen today.
1140:. The last ship built to this design was
264:During the 1870s the increasing power of
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
1617:. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
1159:
197:
1549:
1547:
1364:
793:on a visit to the United States in 1909
597:
366:can even be recognised in some sloops.
1732:
904:for scrap following Germany's defeat.
344:cruisers. Ordered in 1880 as modified
799:List of protected cruisers of Germany
334:classes were similar in performance.
7:
1598:. Greenwich: Conway Maritime Press.
762:List of protected cruisers of France
60:adding citations to reliable sources
1172:The first protected cruiser of the
1083:Koningin Wilhelmina der Nederlanden
1053:Koningin Wilhelmina der Nederlanden
914:List of protected cruisers of Italy
1187:in October 1884, soon followed by
25:
1655:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing.
598:Elswick's influence on RN designs
1653:Peking 1900: the Boxer Rebellion
1506:Kimenai, Peter (5 August 2012).
984:sank or destroyed seven Ottoman
36:
626:, a design itself derived from
208:, built by the shipyard of the
47:needs additional citations for
1882:Anti-submarine warfare carrier
1590:Gardiner, Robert, ed. (1979).
882:Venezuelan crisis of 1902–1903
303:Early protected cruising ships
138:The Russian protected cruiser
1:
1800:Naval ship classes in service
667:Protected cruisers in service
2268:Harbour defence motor launch
1540:. pp. 160–161, 163–164.
2551:Ballistic missile submarine
2397:Mine countermeasures vessel
1715:Sondhaus, Lawrence (2001).
734:when the last units of the
2754:
2598:Submarine aircraft carrier
1980:Pre-dreadnought battleship
1790:in 19th and 20th centuries
1330:serves as a breakwater in
1296:Bow section and bridge of
1153:
1122:
1093:
911:
796:
759:
711:
675:
520:Abandonment of side armour
446:published in Valparaiso's
260:The first protective decks
2493:General stores issue ship
2162:Amphibious transport dock
1937:Merchant aircraft carrier
1927:Interdiction Assault Ship
1795:
1670:Parkinson, Roger (2008).
1615:German Warships 1815–1945
1289:replica is on display in
1101:
886:bombarded Fort San Carlos
470:6-inch (152 mm) guns
2571:Deep-submergence vehicle
2561:Cruise missile submarine
2488:Fast combat support ship
2131:Guided-missile destroyer
1989:Standard-type battleship
1579:. Caxton, London, 2003.
1334:, on the north coast of
1034:as an accommodation ship
1028:Dutch protected cruiser
690:class, two ships of the
2167:Amphibious warfare ship
1877:Amphibious assault ship
1717:Naval Warfare 1815–1914
1651:Perry, Michael (2001).
1554:Early American cruisers
652:light armoured cruisers
464:at their Elswick yard.
394:George Wightwick Rendel
2243:Armed boarding steamer
2207:Landing Ship Logistics
2202:Landing ship, infantry
2028:Guided missile cruiser
1932:Light aircraft carrier
1632:Parkes, Oscar (1990).
1613:Gröner, Erich (1990).
1169:
1040:Royal Netherlands Navy
1035:
794:
594:
574:, laid down in 1898).
545:stationnaire ironclads
442:Summary of remarks by
439:
266:armour-piercing shells
217:
202:The protected cruiser
177:which had in addition
152:
2443:Auxiliary repair dock
2392:Destroyer minesweeper
2288:Ocean boarding vessel
2192:Landing Craft Support
2187:Landing craft carrier
1907:Fighter catapult ship
1467:Gröner, pp. 47–53, 95
1455:Gardiner, pp. 249–254
1284:Chinese cruiser
1163:
1102:Бронепалубный крейсер
1027:
990:Battle of Kunfuda Bay
974:. There, the cruiser
787:
773:Jurien de la Gravière
693:Kaiser Franz Joseph I
684:Austro-Hungarian Navy
648:reciprocating engines
591:
583:Imperial Russian Navy
201:
137:
27:Type of naval warship
2669:Littoral combat ship
2222:Landing Ship Vehicle
1965:Coastal defence ship
1106:Armored deck cruiser
880:participated in the
868:Battle of Taku Forts
729:The introduction of
56:improve this article
2523:Replenishment oiler
2426:Command and support
2212:Landing Ship Medium
2075:Unprotected cruiser
1917:Flight deck cruiser
1634:British Battleships
1559:7 July 2010 at the
1428:Parkes, pp. 309–312
1354:Unprotected cruiser
1071:single naval guns.
870:in 1900 during the
638:Eclipse of the type
385:to the torpedo ram
71:"Protected cruiser"
2738:Protected cruisers
2639:Breastwork monitor
2503:Joint support ship
2458:Combat stores ship
2253:Coastal motor boat
2217:Landing Ship, Tank
2197:Landing Ship Heavy
2096:Convoy rescue ship
1922:Helicopter carrier
1495:. 23 January 1903.
1492:The New York Times
1246:Surviving examples
1176:'s "New Navy" was
1174:United States Navy
1170:
1036:
846:East Asia Squadron
809:Kaiserliche Marine
795:
595:
218:
156:Protected cruisers
153:
18:Protected cruisers
2720:
2719:
2624:Armed merchantman
2566:Cruiser submarine
2556:Coastal submarine
2323:Fast attack craft
2177:Dock landing ship
2055:Protected cruiser
2038:Pocket battleship
1995:Treaty battleship
1985:Super-dreadnought
1869:Aircraft carriers
1817:Operational zones
1681:978-1-84383-372-7
1674:. Boydell Press.
1662:978-1-84176-181-7
1437:Parkinson, p. 151
1419:Parkinson, p. 149
1371:Beeler, pp. 42–44
1316:is on display at
1230:, preserved as a
1194:in December, and
968:Italo-Turkish War
866:took part in the
697:and three of the
444:William Armstrong
226:ironclad warships
222:ships-of-the-line
151:protected cruiser
132:
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106:
16:(Redirected from
2745:
2659:Floating battery
2593:Midget submarine
2546:Attack submarine
2528:Submarine tender
2478:Destroyer tender
2308:Submarine chaser
2172:Attack transport
2116:Escort destroyer
2111:Destroyer leader
2106:Destroyer escort
2013:Aircraft cruiser
1827:Green-water navy
1822:Brown-water navy
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1538:Brill Publishers
1536:. Vol. IV.
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1395:The 'Esmeralda,'
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1336:Vancouver Island
1103:
894:Kaiserin Augusta
821:Kaiserin Augusta
450:
423:He believed the
370:The breakthrough
352:dispatch vessels
243:armored cruisers
238:commerce raiding
179:a belt of armour
175:armored cruisers
160:cruising warship
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2513:Net laying ship
2438:Ammunition ship
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2070:Torpedo cruiser
2050:Merchant raider
2018:Armored cruiser
1999:
1975:Fast battleship
1951:
1942:Seaplane tender
1887:Balloon carrier
1863:
1847:Central battery
1832:Blue-water navy
1791:
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1692:
1690:Further reading
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45:This article
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2644:Capital ship
2629:Arsenal ship
2468:Crane vessel
2463:Command ship
2402:Mine planter
2380:Mine warfare
2346:Missile boat
2313:Torpedo boat
2273:Motor launch
2236:Patrol craft
2141:Radar picket
2054:
1947:Supercarrier
1716:
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1671:
1652:
1633:
1614:
1593:
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1525:
1516:
1510:. p. 3.
1501:
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1476:Perry, p. 29
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1323:The hulk of
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1278:Philadelphia
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214:Chilean Navy
204:
158:, a type of
155:
154:
146:
139:
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
2679:Mother ship
2518:Repair ship
2417:Minesweeper
2293:Patrol boat
2248:Armed yacht
1970:Dreadnought
1957:Battleships
1784:Naval ships
1384:, page 111.
1252:breakwaters
1232:museum ship
1208:, although
1051:HNLMS
1044:HNLMS
1020:Netherlands
803:The German
499:Jeune École
494:French Navy
474:full-length
399:Arturo Prat
383:battleships
280:belt armour
2733:Ship types
2727:Categories
2705:Ship types
2664:Guard ship
2538:Submarines
2473:Depot ship
2407:Minehunter
1719:. London.
1570:References
1399:The Record
1332:Kelsey Bay
1327:Charleston
1313:Vindictive
1217:Charleston
1211:Charleston
1154:See also:
1123:See also:
1094:See also:
998:Nino Bixio
982:destroyers
959:Nino Bixio
737:Challenger
721:watertight
712:See also:
676:See also:
560:Imperieuse
531:Imperieuse
526:Royal Navy
448:The Record
389:Polyphemus
82:newspapers
2412:Minelayer
2227:Troopship
2155:Transport
2121:Escorteur
2101:Destroyer
1842:Broadside
1810:auxiliary
1805:submarine
1735:cite book
1360:Footnotes
1320:, Belgium
1304:La Spezia
1271:USS
1225:USS
1196:USS
1189:USS
1178:USS
1146:in 1899.
1115:in 1901.
902:broken up
776:in 1897.
743:Highflyer
656:oil-fired
628:Esmeralda
514:laid down
487:Esmeralda
482:Esmeralda
466:Esmeralda
462:Armstrong
457:Esmeralda
436:Esmeralda
425:Esmeralda
416:Esmeralda
387:HMS
356:HMS
328:Satellite
316:corvettes
284:magazines
247:HMS
205:Esmeralda
194:Evolution
112:July 2015
2654:Flagship
2387:Danlayer
2258:Corvette
2136:Kaibōkan
2005:Cruisers
1897:CAM ship
1852:Casemate
1788:warships
1557:Archived
1343:See also
1267:, Russia
1185:launched
1007:Campania
996:and the
986:gunboats
980:and two
977:Piemonte
956:and the
946:Campania
943:and the
940:Calabria
930:and the
405:Chaoyong
230:frigates
212:for the
164:armoured
2698:Related
2674:Monitor
2608:Wet sub
2453:Collier
2371:Shin'yō
2366:PT boat
2263:Gunboat
2126:Frigate
1857:Turrets
1380:Brown,
1306:, Italy
1293:, China
1291:Dandong
1286:Zhiyuan
1273:Olympia
1227:Olympia
1198:Chicago
1180:Atlanta
1168:in 1891
1166:Atlanta
1111:Izumrud
1077:Holland
1065:Holland
1059:Holland
1046:Sumatra
988:in the
972:Red Sea
780:Germany
745:classes
708:Britain
688:Panther
615:Merseys
604:Leander
564:Orlando
554:Orlando
541:Nelsons
537:Shannon
431:Alabama
411:Yangwei
363:Leander
358:Mercury
340:Leander
332:Calypso
295:to the
293:citadel
289:Shannon
249:Shannon
147:Bogatyr
96:scholar
2603:U-boat
2331:E-boat
2298:Q-ship
2084:Escort
1723:
1704:
1678:
1659:
1640:
1621:
1602:
1583:
1318:Ostend
1299:Puglia
1260:Aurora
1204:Newark
1191:Boston
1090:Russia
1063:. The
1010:, and
1002:Quarto
994:Quarto
953:Quarto
877:Vineta
860:, and
851:Hertha
848:, and
829:-class
790:Hertha
756:France
620:Mersey
609:Mersey
581:. The
579:Russia
570:Cressy
472:and a
377:Italia
349:-class
342:-class
271:shells
234:sloops
171:shells
149:-class
144:was a
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
2146:Sloop
2091:Aviso
1138:class
1119:Spain
1113:class
1061:class
1013:Libia
961:class
948:class
935:class
908:Italy
898:Irene
863:Hansa
857:Irene
816:class
814:Irene
702:class
700:Zenta
695:class
611:class
572:class
556:class
533:class
379:class
320:Comus
312:class
310:Comus
245:like
103:JSTOR
89:books
2576:DSRV
2361:MTSM
1786:and
1741:link
1721:ISBN
1702:ISBN
1676:ISBN
1657:ISBN
1638:ISBN
1619:ISBN
1600:ISBN
1581:ISBN
1325:USS
1311:HMS
1164:USS
1129:The
1080:and
1038:The
933:Etna
768:Sfax
740:and
682:The
539:and
524:The
509:Sfax
492:The
408:and
347:Iris
330:and
324:knot
254:Alma
232:and
186:and
167:deck
141:Oleg
75:news
2356:MTM
2351:MTB
2341:MGB
2336:MAS
1234:in
314:of
297:bow
58:by
2729::
1737:}}
1733:{{
1546:^
1489:.
1460:^
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1302:–
1276:–
1263:–
1238:.
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1183:,
1104:,
1004:,
854:,
752:.
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512:,
418:.
402:,
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1987:(
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1627:.
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1338:.
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119:(
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100:·
93:·
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