116:
142:
1936:
1087:
344:
Palaeoptera. But few recent analyses have supported this. Rather, it seems more and more likely that the
Odonatoptera are the sister taxon of the Neoptera, making the "Palaeoptera" paraphyletic. The third view places the mayfly lineage as sister taxon of the neopterans, with the Odonatoptera as most
348:
While the internal subdivision of this superorder is subject to much dispute and far from resolved, at least the coarser divisions seem to be fairly stable by now. Six orders are generally recognized, as well as two
849:
In some treatments, the
Odonata are expanded to include all these taxa with the exception of the "Erasipteridae", Geroptera and Protodonata; this group is treated as an unranked
288:
and contained gigantic species, including the griffinflies (colloquially called "giant dragonflies", although they were not dragonflies in the strict sense) of the order
2060:
990:
358:
and a further "family" that is almost certainly not monophyletic. Ordered from the most ancestral to the most advanced, these are:
983:
141:
2055:
976:
958:
944:
930:
1620:
948:
1965:
1002:
308:
There is little consensus about the relationships of the
Odonatoptera. What is certain is that they are a
115:
2050:
2022:
333:
1871:
2065:
1813:
1793:
493:
1886:
442:
435:
415:
388:
1901:
469:
1911:
1833:
1808:
678:
408:
381:
321:
229:
136:
41:
2027:
2003:
1828:
1861:
723:
337:
329:
297:
1803:
1654:
1340:
350:
897:"New basal Odonatoptera (Insecta) from the lower Carboniferous (Serpukhovian) of Argentina"
1881:
1798:
1788:
1765:
1332:
730:
630:
623:
261:
1940:
1896:
1891:
1876:
1823:
1426:
702:
654:
354:
2044:
1851:
1843:
1069:
1061:
896:
586:
497:
289:
265:
124:
73:
1783:
1556:
1533:
1525:
1467:
1422:
1254:
1026:
341:
325:
269:
284:
are the only living members of this group, which was far more diverse in the late
1947:
316:. But various authors' analyses have yielded any one of three mutually exclusive
1997:
1906:
1838:
1770:
1725:
1671:
1572:
1502:
1353:
1291:
1167:
611:
345:
primitive winged insects; it has seen little support in recent decades however.
317:
281:
277:
273:
193:
48:
1988:
1856:
1580:
1390:
1299:
1283:
1267:
1095:
934:
293:
257:
93:
58:
17:
1818:
1662:
1622:
1597:
1450:
1361:
1320:
1307:
1138:
1125:
1086:
1020:
962:
771:
755:
462:
285:
173:
153:
98:
2014:
1982:
1866:
1775:
1564:
1434:
1226:
1032:
856:
in the scheme used here. Where the
Odonata are defined loosely, the term
313:
88:
83:
68:
63:
53:
1935:
1205:
742:
103:
78:
1542:
1442:
1369:
1275:
1184:
1176:
1014:
999:
183:
163:
1959:
850:
309:
1630:
968:
292:(formerly Protodonata). This lineage dates back at least to the
1963:
1750:
1045:
972:
1640:
366:
Based on the work of
PetruleviÄŤius & Gutierrez 2016.
895:
Petrulevičius, Julián F.; Gutierrez, Pedro Raul (2016).
320:, or some variant thereof: The least problematic (in a
1583:(net-winged insects: lacewings, mantidflies, antlions)
1972:
1653:
1611:
1596:
1555:
1524:
1515:
1466:
1420:
1389:
1352:
1319:
1252:
1225:
1196:
1175:
1166:
1137:
1094:
1060:
965:. Version of 2008-MAR-20. Retrieved 2008-DEC-15.
937:. Version of 2002-JAN-01. Retrieved 2008-DEC-15.
984:
324:sense) view is that the Odonatoptera are the
221:
8:
1960:
1758:
1747:
1608:
1521:
1494:
1417:
1413:
1260:
1249:
1245:
1172:
1163:
1159:
1118:
1057:
1053:
1042:
991:
977:
969:
312:of winged insects that stands outside the
114:
31:
955:Trueman, John W.H. & Rowe, Richard J.
1712:Four most speciose orders are marked in
1302:(crickets, wetas, grasshoppers, locusts)
869:
2061:Extant Pennsylvanian first appearances
27:Taxonomic superorder of winged insects
7:
1575:(alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies)
963:Odonata. Dragonflies and damselflies
860:is used instead of "Odonatoptera".
748:
719:
694:
670:
646:
603:
578:
570:
485:
458:
431:
404:
377:
369:
336:are either their sister taxon or a
332:(the mayfly lineage), and that the
913:See e.g. Trueman & Rowe (2008)
25:
1934:
1085:
140:
949:Pterygote Higher Relationships
1:
1505:(sawflies, wasps, ants, bees)
1453:(cicadas, aphids, true bugs)
705:(including Archizygoptera)
2082:
1643:(gnats, mosquitoes, flies)
1536:(twisted-winged parasites)
1208:(dragonflies, damselflies)
1928:
1761:
1757:
1746:
1708:
1497:
1416:
1263:
1248:
1162:
1121:
1083:
1056:
1052:
1041:
1009:
935:Pterygota. Winged insects
885:Maddison (2002), Trueman
876:Trueman & Rowe (2008)
769:
753:
746:
727:
717:
699:
692:
675:
668:
651:
644:
627:
608:
601:
583:
576:
511:
490:
483:
466:
456:
439:
429:
412:
402:
385:
375:
340:assemblage, all within a
268:, placed in the probably
260:(sometimes treated as an
235:
228:
218:
213:
137:Scientific classification
135:
122:
113:
34:
1294:(stick and leaf insects)
959:Tree of Life Web Project
951:. Retrieved 2008-DEC-15.
945:Tree of Life Web Project
931:Tree of Life Web Project
304:Systematics and taxonomy
1721:are paraphyletic groups
1364:(cockroaches, termites)
1128:(silverfish, firebrats)
1072:(jumping bristletails)
901:Arquivos EntomolĂłxicos
513:Euodonatoptera cont'd
2023:Paleobiology Database
334:Palaeodictyopteroidea
1674:(moths, butterflies)
2056:Insect superorders
1941:Insects portal
1912:Triadophlebioptera
941:Trueman, John W.H.
927:Maddison, David R.
679:Triadophlebioptera
427:Plesiodonatoptera
400:Palaeodonatoptera
123:Reconstruction of
42:Late Carboniferous
2038:
2037:
1966:Taxon identifiers
1957:
1956:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1862:Palaeodictyoptera
1847:
1779:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1675:
1666:
1644:
1634:
1626:
1604:
1592:
1591:
1584:
1576:
1568:
1546:
1537:
1506:
1462:
1461:
1454:
1446:
1438:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1373:
1365:
1344:
1341:Mantophasmatodea
1336:
1325:
1311:
1303:
1295:
1287:
1279:
1271:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1209:
1188:
1177:Ephemeropteroidea
1129:
1081:
1080:
1073:
846:
845:
837:
836:
828:
827:
819:
818:
810:
809:
801:
800:
792:
791:
783:
782:
724:Tarsophlebioptera
567:
566:
558:
557:
549:
548:
540:
539:
531:
530:
522:
521:
330:Ephemeropteroidea
298:million years ago
250:
249:
245:
240:
209:
16:(Redirected from
2073:
2031:
2030:
2018:
2017:
2008:
2007:
2006:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1961:
1939:
1938:
1872:Permoplectoptera
1845:
1804:Diaphanopterodea
1777:
1759:
1748:
1673:
1664:
1655:Amphiesmenoptera
1642:
1636:
1632:
1624:
1614:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1582:
1574:
1566:
1544:
1535:
1522:
1518:
1504:
1495:
1452:
1444:
1437:(barklice, lice)
1436:
1428:
1418:
1414:
1371:
1363:
1342:
1334:
1333:Grylloblattodea
1323:
1309:
1301:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1257:
1250:
1246:
1207:
1186:
1173:
1164:
1160:
1127:
1119:
1089:
1071:
1058:
1054:
1043:
993:
986:
979:
970:
956:
942:
928:
914:
911:
905:
904:
892:
886:
883:
877:
874:
749:
720:
695:
671:
647:
604:
579:
571:
486:
459:
432:
405:
378:
370:
296:, not quite 320
243:
239:Rohdendorf, 1962
238:
237:Campylopterodea
207:
145:
144:
118:
108:
45:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2026:
2021:
2013:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1968:
1958:
1953:
1933:
1916:
1882:Protelytroptera
1814:Eudiaphanoptera
1799:Coxoplectoptera
1794:Carbotriplurida
1789:Campylopteridae
1766:Aethiocarenodea
1753:
1734:
1680:
1649:
1625:(scorpionflies)
1612:
1601:
1599:
1588:
1551:
1516:
1511:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1458:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1377:
1348:
1322:
1315:
1310:(angel insects)
1253:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1213:
1192:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1133:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1090:
1077:
1048:
1037:
1005:
997:
954:
940:
926:
923:
918:
917:
912:
908:
894:
893:
889:
884:
880:
875:
871:
866:
847:
838:
829:
820:
811:
802:
793:
784:
731:Tarsophlebiidae
631:Campylopteridae
624:Campylopterodea
589:(griffinflies)
574:Euodonatoptera
568:
559:
550:
541:
532:
523:
494:Eomeganisoptera
481:Neodonataptera
454:Apodonatoptera
364:
306:
241:
206:
139:
109:
107:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2079:
2077:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2043:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2019:
2009:
1994:
1978:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1951:
1944:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1897:Protozygoptera
1894:
1892:Protorthoptera
1889:
1887:Protephemerida
1884:
1879:
1877:Protanisoptera
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1846:(griffinflies)
1844:Meganisoptera
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1824:Glosselytrodea
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1773:
1768:
1762:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1722:
1716:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1668:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1637:
1617:
1615:
1606:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1578:
1570:
1565:Raphidioptera
1561:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1539:
1530:
1528:
1519:
1517:Neuropteroidea
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1498:
1492:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1448:
1440:
1431:
1429:
1411:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1367:
1358:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1338:
1335:(ice-crawlers)
1329:
1327:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1297:
1289:
1281:
1273:
1264:
1258:
1243:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1202:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1185:Ephemeroptera
1181:
1179:
1170:
1157:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1122:
1116:
1092:
1091:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1075:
1070:Archaeognatha
1066:
1064:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1010:
1007:
1006:
998:
996:
995:
988:
981:
973:
967:
966:
952:
938:
922:
919:
916:
915:
906:
903:(16): 341–358.
887:
878:
868:
867:
865:
862:
844:
843:
840:
839:
835:
834:
831:
830:
826:
825:
822:
821:
817:
816:
813:
812:
808:
807:
804:
803:
799:
798:
795:
794:
790:
789:
786:
785:
781:
780:
777:
776:
768:
765:
764:
761:
760:
752:
747:
745:
739:
738:
735:
734:
726:
718:
716:
712:
711:
708:
707:
703:Protozygoptera
698:
693:
691:
687:
686:
683:
682:
674:
669:
667:
663:
662:
659:
658:
655:Protanisoptera
650:
645:
643:
639:
638:
635:
634:
626:
620:
619:
616:
615:
607:
602:
600:
596:
595:
592:
591:
582:
577:
575:
569:
565:
564:
561:
560:
556:
555:
552:
551:
547:
546:
543:
542:
538:
537:
534:
533:
529:
528:
525:
524:
520:
519:
516:
515:
510:
507:
506:
503:
502:
489:
484:
482:
478:
477:
474:
473:
465:
457:
455:
451:
450:
447:
446:
443:Argentinalidae
438:
436:Argentinoptera
430:
428:
424:
423:
420:
419:
416:Kirchneralidae
411:
403:
401:
397:
396:
393:
392:
389:Eugeropteridae
384:
376:
374:
368:
363:
360:
355:incertae sedis
305:
302:
266:winged insects
248:
247:
233:
232:
226:
225:
216:
215:
211:
210:
208:Martynov, 1932
201:
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
133:
132:
120:
119:
111:
110:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
46:
37:
26:
24:
18:Protozygoptera
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2078:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2005:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1852:Megasecoptera
1850:
1848:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1756:
1749:
1745:
1731:
1729:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1667:
1665:(caddisflies)
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1638:
1635:
1631:Siphonaptera
1628:
1627:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:(Mecopterida)
1595:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1538:
1534:Strepsiptera
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1465:
1455:
1449:
1447:
1443:Thysanoptera
1441:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1388:
1374:
1368:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1304:
1298:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1286:(webspinners)
1282:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1224:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1093:
1088:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1001:
994:
989:
987:
982:
980:
975:
974:
971:
964:
960:
953:
950:
946:
939:
936:
932:
925:
924:
920:
910:
907:
902:
898:
891:
888:
882:
879:
873:
870:
863:
861:
859:
855:
852:
842:
841:
833:
832:
824:
823:
815:
814:
806:
805:
797:
796:
788:
787:
779:
778:
775:
773:
767:
766:
763:
762:
759:
757:
751:
750:
744:
741:
740:
737:
736:
733:
732:
725:
722:
721:
714:
713:
710:
709:
706:
704:
697:
696:
689:
688:
685:
684:
681:
680:
673:
672:
665:
664:
661:
660:
657:
656:
649:
648:
641:
640:
637:
636:
633:
632:
625:
622:
621:
618:
617:
614:
613:
606:
605:
599:Odonatoclada
598:
597:
594:
593:
590:
588:
587:Meganisoptera
581:
580:
573:
572:
563:
562:
554:
553:
545:
544:
536:
535:
527:
526:
518:
517:
514:
509:
508:
505:
504:
501:
499:
498:Erasipteridae
495:
488:
487:
480:
479:
476:
475:
472:
471:
464:
461:
460:
453:
452:
449:
448:
445:
444:
437:
434:
433:
426:
425:
422:
421:
418:
417:
410:
407:
406:
399:
398:
395:
394:
391:
390:
383:
380:
379:
373:Odonatoptera
372:
371:
367:
361:
359:
357:
356:
352:
346:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
303:
301:
299:
295:
291:
290:Meganisoptera
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
264:) of ancient
263:
259:
255:
246:
244:Lameere, 1936
234:
231:
227:
224:
223:
217:
212:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
143:
138:
134:
130:
126:
125:Carboniferous
121:
117:
112:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
43:
33:
30:
19:
2051:Odonatoptera
2004:Odonatoptera
1974:Odonatoptera
1973:
1946:
1932:
1902:Syntonoptera
1784:Caloneurodea
1776:Blattoptera
1727:
1718:
1713:
1672:Lepidoptera
1670:
1663:Trichoptera
1639:
1621:
1573:Megaloptera
1567:(snakeflies)
1557:Neuropterida
1541:
1526:Coleopterida
1503:Hymenoptera
1501:
1423:Paraneoptera
1421:
1343:(gladiators)
1292:Phasmatodea
1270:(stoneflies)
1255:Polyneoptera
1198:Odonatoptera
1197:
1062:Monocondylia
1027:Pancrustacea
1025:(unranked):
909:
900:
890:
881:
872:
857:
854:Odonatoclada
853:
848:
774:(dragonfly)
770:
758:(damselfly)
754:
728:
700:
690:Stigmoptera
676:
666:Discoidalia
652:
628:
609:
584:
512:
491:
470:Geropteridae
467:
440:
413:
386:
365:
353:
347:
342:monophyletic
326:sister taxon
307:
270:paraphyletic
254:Odonatoptera
253:
251:
242:Odonatoidea
236:
219:
204:Odonatoptera
203:
200:Superorder:
129:Meganeurites
128:
127:griffinfly,
35:Odonatoptera
29:
2066:Palaeoptera
1998:Wikispecies
1948:Wikispecies
1907:Titanoptera
1839:Lapeyriidae
1834:Hypoperlida
1809:Eoblattodea
1778:(roachoids)
1771:Archodonata
1613:Antliophora
1581:Neuroptera
1543:Coleoptera
1354:Dictyoptera
1324:(Xenonomia)
1300:Orthoptera
1284:Embioptera
1276:Dermaptera
1268:Plecoptera
1168:Palaeoptera
1031:Subphylum:
858:Odonatoidea
715:Panodonata
612:Lapeyriidae
409:Kukaloptera
382:Eugeroptera
318:phylogenies
282:damselflies
278:dragonflies
274:Palaeoptera
194:Palaeoptera
2045:Categories
1857:Miomoptera
1623:Mecoptera
1451:Hemiptera
1372:(mantises)
1362:Blattodea
1308:Zoraptera
1187:(mayflies)
1126:Zygentoma
1021:Arthropoda
921:References
642:Nodialata
294:Bashkirian
258:superorder
190:Division:
174:Arthropoda
1829:Heraridea
1819:Geroptera
1724:Based on
1598:Panorpida
1545:(beetles)
1435:Psocodea
1370:Mantodea
1321:Notoptera
1278:(earwigs)
1013:Kingdom:
864:Footnotes
772:Epiprocta
756:Zygoptera
463:Geroptera
362:Phylogeny
322:taxonomic
286:Paleozoic
160:Kingdom:
154:Eukaryota
2012:BioLib:
1989:Q3349326
1983:Wikidata
1867:Paoliida
1641:Diptera
1445:(thrips)
1206:Odonata
1033:Hexapoda
1019:Phylum:
1015:Animalia
961:–
957:(2008):
947:–
933:–
929:(2002):
351:families
314:Neoptera
300:.
230:Synonyms
170:Phylum:
164:Animalia
150:Domain:
44:- Recent
1752:Extinct
1726:Sasaki
1633:(fleas)
1427: *
743:Odonata
328:of the
214:Orders
184:Insecta
180:Class:
2028:174974
2015:310098
1730:(2013)
1728:et al.
1719:Italic
1047:Extant
1003:orders
1000:Insect
276:. The
272:group
256:are a
851:clade
338:basal
310:clade
262:order
1714:bold
280:and
252:The
222:text
220:See
49:Preęž’
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1409:a
1407:l
1405:o
1403:b
1401:a
1399:t
1397:e
1395:m
1393:u
1391:E
1241:a
1239:r
1237:e
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1233:p
1231:o
1229:e
1227:N
1155:a
1153:t
1151:o
1149:g
1147:y
1145:r
1143:e
1141:t
1139:P
1114:a
1112:i
1110:l
1108:y
1106:d
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1100:c
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