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297:. The smaller Santa Catalina Island to the northwest is connected by a 100-metre (330 ft) footbridge to its larger sister Providencia Island. Providencia Island has an area of 17 square kilometres (6.6 sq mi); the two islands cover an area of 22 square kilometres (8.5 sq mi) and form the municipality of Santa Isabel, which had a population of 4,927 at the Census of 2005. The island is served by
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hopes for corsair raids against the
Spanish. Tobacco was grown on the island by the African and Native American slaves. The island's freshwater streams and surrounding waters provided fish and turtles as additional food sources. They sometimes brought back Miskito Indians from their expeditions to the mainland of present day Nicaragua.
479:
of his time was spent looking after the needs of privateers. He was hoping to revitalize the colony's hurting economy, which in turn would improve the morale and hopes of the disgruntled colonists. In addition, he was worried that the
English and Dutch activity in a heavily Spanish-controlled area would attract unwanted attention.
487:
observes, in the New
England colonies, "success was accompanied by lodging such issues firmly under civilian control. In the threatening world of the western Caribbean, such amateurism was not seen as possible." However, the privateering expeditions proved unsuccessful due to inexperience and lack of
478:
to make money. This is surprising to many because it seems in conflict with
Puritan values. Though England and Spain were not at war, the desire to protect the respective countries' interests in the West Indies only increased tensions between the two nations. While Nathaniel Butler was governor, much
534:
As of 2015, the island was not seriously affected by the drug trafficking of
Colombia, but many islanders were recruited to work for traffickers due to their seafaring skills and knowledge of the waters of the area and to the scarcity of other employment opportunities on the island. It was estimated
446:
It is possible to infer what life was like on the island based on the accounts of slaves. They reported that some of the
Englishmen who wanted to leave said "this place is no way to live" as a complaint against eating turtles all the time. Life included church services, trade with English ships, and
482:
The island's focus turned to defense and by 1638 the colony expected a
Spanish attack within a year. Several men were sent on privateering expeditions themselves and a council of war was created. This is one major difference between the Providence Island colony and other English colonies; as
558:
is located on the island's northeast side, between
Maracaibo and Rocky Point. This National Park consists of coral reefs, small cays, mangroves, lagoons and tropical dry forest. The National Park has a visitor centre on Crab cay, from where there are views towards the barrier reef and the
403:
The colony was hampered by poor planning, internal strife (seen in conflict among leadership) and economic woes. It was founded, in part, to create a profitable and Godly
Puritan base. It was expected to be more profitable and successful than the
605:
Most of the waters are in protected areas of the UNESCO Seaflower
Biosphere Reserve and are warm, calm and clear most of the year, making them a popular scuba destination. The area is part of the world's third largest barrier reef.
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1194:. The section on Linguistics discusses Islander Creole in detail and finds it sufficiently similar to Belize Kriol and Jamaican Patwa that islanders can understand speech in the other dialects
435:, due to conflict with another colonist. Nathaniel Butler later replaced Hunt. Many of these men had already had experience with England's colonizing and economic expeditions with the
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is noteworthy for its breeding migration, which occurs every April/May. These crabs live in the hills of the island and descend en-masse to the sea once a year to lay their eggs.
323:
directly impacted the island. An estimated 98% of all infrastructure was destroyed from the impact, making it one of the worst and strongest tropical cyclones to impact Colombia.
1990:
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1360:"A Spanish Caribbean Captivity Narrative: African Sailors and Puritan Slavers, 1635." Afro-Latino Voices: Narratives from the Early Modern Ibero-Atlantic World, 1550-1812
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573:, which forms 10% of the entire Caribbean Sea. This ecologically important reserve contains some of the world's greatest marine biodiversity, and incorporates the
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A Report on the English-Based Creole of San Andres and Providence Islands, Colombia, Ken Decker and Andy Keener, SIL International, 2001
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The principal trading port had several small forts around the harbor and at the bay's entrance. There were about fourteen forts in all.
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Although the island is part of Colombia, the 5,000 to 6,000 inhabitants are reported to feel more Caribbean than Colombian, with many
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in 1641. Forts and cannons dating back hundreds of years can be found scattered all over Santa Catalina Island.
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Aerial view towards Manzanillo beach and Old Providence McBean Lagoon on the east coast of Providencia Island
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that about 800 young men out of the island's small population were in prisons abroad, or had disappeared.
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and was the beginning of the English use of Africans as life-long slaves instead of indentured servants.
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1209:"A tiny island fears for its way of life as outside world encroaches: 'They wanna do away with us'"
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1293:(in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from
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The Island That Disappeared : Old Providence and the Making of the Western World
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1387:"New film shines light on tiny Colombian island where English is the mother tongue"
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531:, an indigenous sign language. So far, they have tried to preserve their heritage.
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1973:
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that was founded in 1630. The colony is known for its involvement in the
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BBC World Service:The island where men are disappearing, 12 October 2015
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Providencia is the centre point of the UNESCO Marine Protected Area the
27:
One of the two principal islands of San Andrés and Providencia, Colombia
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Due to the economic difficulties the colonists faced, some turned to
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Providencia's maximum elevation is 360 metres (1,180 ft) above
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1909:
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1339:
Providence Island, 1630-1641 : The Other Puritan Colony
1143:
Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales
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Official Tourism Promotion Office in Colombia (Proexport)
575:
Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina
431:. Philip Bell was the first governor and was replaced by
272:
Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina
1378:"The Project Gutenberg eBook of Privateering and Piracy"
4081:
415:
Some of the more famous residents were the governors
1911:
Architectural, artistic and archaeological treasures
1247:"Why land crabs in Colombia get military protection"
1167:"Providencia, el paraĂso en 17 kilĂłmetros cuadrados"
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527:, rather than the Spanish of Colombia, as well as
622:), elevation 1 m (3.3 ft), (1981â2010)
577:, in addition to the remote uninhabited cays at
1202:
1200:
3539:
3249:
1478:
1165:Tiempo, Casa Editorial El (27 October 2012).
8:
3205:Nuestro patrimonio â 100 tesoros de Colombia
1448:La Divina Providencia y Santa Catalina Islas
365:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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1471:
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511:. The inhabitants mostly speak English or
488:general sailing or West Indies knowledge.
140:San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina
34:
1343:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
385:Learn how and when to remove this message
243:Map of the Caribbean Sea and its islands.
4143:Underwater diving sites in the Caribbean
3209:Our heritage â 100 treasures of Colombia
585:, as well as distant reefs that include
238:
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222:
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61:
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1635:Complejo Cultural de la Antigua Aduana
304:The island was the site of an English
280:Providencia and Santa Catalina Islands
3203:Wills, Fernando; et al. (2001).
2794:Lagunas de la Magdalena y de Santiago
2553:Lagunas de la Magdalena y de Santiago
618:Climate data for Providencia Island (
206:
186:
178:
170:
149:
132:
7:
2260:National natural parks and treasures
1291:"Promedios ClimatolĂłgicos 1981â2010"
363:adding citations to reliable sources
4148:Underwater diving sites in Colombia
3264:Recreational dive sites in Colombia
1696:Palacio de la GobernaciĂłn de Caldas
1450:- Local government tourism website
1439:Providencia y Santa Catalina islas
1264:Wormald, Sarah (26 October 2023).
462:Drawing of the fortress of pirate
308:colony established in 1629 by the
154:17.0 km (6.6 sq mi)
25:
1362:. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Pub.
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1335:Kupperman, Karen Ordahl (1993).
335:
120:
66:
51:
2062:Quinta de San Pedro Alejandrino
1431:Providencia Island travel guide
1266:"4 Must-Dive Areas in Colombia"
495:used Providencia as a base for
4045:Servicio GeolĂłgico de Colombia
4041:"Observatorios VulcanolĂłgicos"
1:
2827:Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta
1787:Santa Clara Church and Museum
1207:Taylor, Luke (29 July 2023).
513:San AndrĂ©sâProvidencia Creole
228:San AndrĂ©sâProvidencia Creole
57:Satellite view of Providencia
4138:Providencia Island, Colombia
2832:Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
2723:Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
2586:Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
1321:"The Geology Of Providencia"
556:Old Providence McBean Lagoon
2029:Salt Cathedral of ZipaquirĂĄ
1385:Joe Parkin Daniels (2017).
955:Average precipitation days
811:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
671:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
571:Seaflower Biosphere Reserve
4164:
3996:Paipa-Iza volcanic complex
1757:Casa de Moneda de Colombia
1140:
617:
396:
278:, and the municipality of
162:360 m (1,180 ft)
4056:
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3322:
3199:
2265:
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1916:
1905:
1593:
1582:
1542:
1531:
1498:
1409:. London: Explore Books.
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327:Early times of the colony
310:Providence Island Company
254:, and generally known as
80:
62:
50:
3576:Cerro Negro de Mayasquer
3030:San Andrés y Providencia
2898:Laguna Verde del Azufral
1658:EstaciĂłn de ChiquinquirĂĄ
441:Somers (Bermuda) Company
406:Massachusetts Bay Colony
399:Providence Island colony
2713:Los Flamencos Sanctuary
2525:Sierra Nevada del Cocuy
2421:Sierra Nevada del Cocuy
2365:Sierra Nevada del Cocuy
423:, Bell's father-in-law
282:, lying midway between
183:290/km (760/sq mi)
3943:Nevado de Santa Isabel
2789:Estrecho del Magdalena
2761:InĂrida River Raudales
1508:Colombia magia salvaje
562:A local population of
548:
471:
468:Louis PĂ©rou de Lacroix
244:
3555:Volcanoes of Colombia
3150:Apaporis River Tunnel
2477:Angostura del CaquetĂĄ
2294:Angostura del CaquetĂĄ
1762:EstaciĂłn de la Sabana
1493:Treasures of Colombia
1457:Providencia Es Pasion
1405:Feiling, Tom (2017).
1358:Wheat, David (2009).
546:
461:
242:
209: âą Summer (
100:13.34889°N 81.37472°W
39:Old Providence Island
3289:San Bernardo Islands
3211:] (in Spanish).
3155:Raudal de Jirijirimo
2314:Raudal de Jirijirimo
2019:Monserrate Sanctuary
1889:San Francisco Church
1782:San Francisco Palace
1777:San Francisco Church
1668:Vargas Swamp Lancers
1537:Heritage of humanity
1523:World Heritage sites
1503:Archaeological sites
559:surrounding waters.
517:English-based creole
359:improve this section
268:Colombian department
266:that is part of the
180: âą Density
2238:Haciendas cafeteras
2233:Hacienda El ParaĂso
2205:Haciendas cafeteras
2182:Haciendas cafeteras
2154:Haciendas cafeteras
2131:Haciendas cafeteras
2108:Haciendas cafeteras
2057:Haciendas cafeteras
2014:Haciendas cafeteras
1991:Manizales Cathedral
1986:Haciendas cafeteras
1940:Haciendas cafeteras
1792:SantamarĂa Bullring
1612:Puente de Occidente
741:Daily mean °C (°F)
262:, is a mountainous
248:Isla de Providencia
202:Colombia Time (COT)
105:13.34889; -81.37472
96: /
42:Isla de Providencia
3926:Nevado del QuindĂo
3215:. pp. 1â311.
3160:Raudal de YuruparĂ
3122:Farallones de Cali
3038:Providencia Island
2923:Norte de Santander
2893:Laguna de la Cocha
2756:Ciudades de Piedra
2718:Salinas de Manaure
2680:Cerros de Mavecure
2100:Norte de Santander
1513:National monuments
620:El Embrujo Airport
549:
472:
319:In November 2020,
299:El Embrujo Airport
276:The Raizal Islands
245:
172: âą Total
151: âą Total
18:Providencia Island
4079:
4078:
3948:Nevado del Tolima
3521:
3520:
3431:Caribbean insular
3231:
3230:
3195:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3061:Chicamocha Canyon
2954:Cascada del Indio
2614:Ensenada de UtrĂa
2482:Araracuara Canyon
2299:Araracuara Canyon
2250:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2024:Quinta de BolĂvar
1935:Botero Collection
1901:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1866:San Juan de GirĂłn
1588:National heritage
1578:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1459:- Tourism website
1369:978-0-87220-993-0
1297:on 15 August 2016
1148:
1147:
1001:relative humidity
464:Louis Michel Aury
395:
394:
387:
237:
236:
32:Place in Colombia
16:(Redirected from
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4074:
4062:
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3921:Nevado del Huila
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3761:
3752:
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3716:
3707:
3698:
3689:
3680:
3671:
3662:
3653:
3644:
3635:
3626:
3617:
3608:
3601:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3525:
3419:
3410:
3401:
3392:
3383:
3374:
3365:
3356:
3347:
3338:
3331:
3258:
3251:
3244:
3235:
3226:
3173:
3140:
3112:
3094:Nevado del Huila
3079:
3051:
3028:
3005:
2977:
2944:
2921:
2873:
2845:
2817:
2799:Nevado del Huila
2774:
2736:
2693:
2665:
2632:
2599:
2576:
2558:Nevado del Huila
2538:
2515:
2467:
2444:
2401:
2378:
2355:
2342:Piedra del Peñol
2327:
2274:
2267:
2256:
2228:La Ermita Church
2218:
2195:
2167:
2144:
2121:
2098:
2085:Las Lajas Shrine
2075:
2042:
2004:
1976:
1953:
1925:
1918:
1907:
1879:
1856:
1833:
1810:
1742:
1714:
1686:
1648:
1625:
1602:
1595:
1584:
1551:
1544:
1533:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1464:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1420:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1381:
1373:
1354:
1342:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1243:
1237:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1204:
1195:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1162:
615:
587:Quita Sueño Bank
564:black land crabs
551:The 995-hectare
437:Virginia Company
417:Nathaniel Butler
390:
383:
379:
376:
370:
339:
331:
264:Caribbean island
214:
126:
124:
123:
111:
110:
108:
107:
106:
101:
97:
94:
93:
92:
89:
70:
55:
35:
21:
4163:
4162:
4158:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4128:
4127:
4126:
4114:
4104:
4102:
4092:
4090:
4082:
4080:
4075:
4052:
4039:
4037:
4026:
4000:
3982:
3931:Nevado del Ruiz
3916:Nevado El Cisne
3857:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3844:
3843:
3835:
3834:
3826:
3825:
3817:
3816:
3808:
3807:
3799:
3798:
3790:
3789:
3781:
3780:
3772:
3771:
3763:
3762:
3754:
3753:
3745:
3744:
3736:
3735:
3727:
3726:
3718:
3717:
3709:
3708:
3700:
3699:
3691:
3690:
3682:
3681:
3673:
3672:
3664:
3663:
3655:
3654:
3646:
3645:
3637:
3636:
3628:
3627:
3619:
3618:
3610:
3609:
3590:
3557:
3552:
3522:
3517:
3513:Protected areas
3508:Natural regions
3494:
3476:
3448:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3412:
3411:
3403:
3402:
3394:
3393:
3385:
3384:
3376:
3375:
3367:
3366:
3358:
3357:
3349:
3348:
3340:
3339:
3320:
3284:Rosario Islands
3271:Caribbean coast
3265:
3262:
3232:
3227:
3223:
3202:
3187:
3164:
3131:
3114:Valle del Cauca
3103:
3070:
3042:
3019:
2996:
2968:
2935:
2912:
2888:Galeras Volcano
2864:
2836:
2808:
2765:
2727:
2708:Cabo de la Vela
2684:
2656:
2652:Rocas de Suesca
2623:
2590:
2567:
2529:
2506:
2458:
2435:
2416:PĂĄramo de OcetĂĄ
2392:
2388:Rosario Islands
2369:
2346:
2318:
2261:
2242:
2220:Valle del Cauca
2209:
2186:
2158:
2135:
2112:
2089:
2066:
2033:
1995:
1967:
1944:
1912:
1893:
1881:Valle del Cauca
1870:
1847:
1843:Parque del Café
1824:
1801:
1733:
1705:
1677:
1639:
1616:
1589:
1570:
1538:
1527:
1494:
1491:
1453:
1444:
1435:
1427:
1417:
1404:
1395:
1393:
1384:
1376:
1370:
1357:
1351:
1334:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1314:Further reading
1311:
1310:
1300:
1298:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1274:
1272:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1253:. 17 June 2010.
1245:
1244:
1240:
1233:
1229:
1219:
1217:
1206:
1205:
1198:
1190:
1186:
1176:
1174:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1149:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
612:
603:
541:
505:
485:Karen Kupperman
456:
410:trade of slaves
401:
391:
380:
374:
371:
356:
340:
329:
250:, historically
208:
121:
119:
104:
102:
98:
95:
90:
87:
85:
83:
82:
76:
75:
74:
73:
58:
46:
43:
40:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4161:
4159:
4151:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4130:
4129:
4125:
4124:
4112:
4100:
4077:
4076:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4014:
4008:
4006:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3992:
3990:
3988:Eastern Ranges
3984:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3939:
3938:
3936:Armero tragedy
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3867:
3865:
3863:Central Ranges
3859:
3858:
3846:
3845:
3837:
3836:
3828:
3827:
3819:
3818:
3810:
3809:
3801:
3800:
3792:
3791:
3783:
3782:
3774:
3773:
3765:
3764:
3756:
3755:
3747:
3746:
3738:
3737:
3729:
3728:
3720:
3719:
3711:
3710:
3702:
3701:
3693:
3692:
3684:
3683:
3675:
3674:
3666:
3665:
3657:
3656:
3648:
3647:
3639:
3638:
3630:
3629:
3621:
3620:
3612:
3611:
3603:
3602:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3567:
3565:
3563:Western Ranges
3559:
3558:
3553:
3551:
3550:
3543:
3536:
3528:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3486:
3484:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3441:
3435:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3414:
3413:
3405:
3404:
3396:
3395:
3387:
3386:
3378:
3377:
3369:
3368:
3360:
3359:
3351:
3350:
3342:
3341:
3333:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3286:
3281:
3275:
3273:
3267:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3238:
3229:
3228:
3221:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3179:
3177:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3146:
3144:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3127:Malpelo Island
3124:
3118:
3116:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3085:
3083:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3057:
3055:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3034:
3032:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3011:
3009:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2983:
2981:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2964:Putumayo River
2961:
2956:
2950:
2948:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2931:Los Estoraques
2927:
2925:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2905:
2903:Putumayo River
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2883:Cumbal Volcano
2879:
2877:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2855:Caño Cristales
2851:
2849:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2829:
2823:
2821:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2804:Tatacoa Desert
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2780:
2778:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2742:
2740:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2699:
2697:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2647:Lake Guatavita
2644:
2638:
2636:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2605:
2603:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2582:
2580:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2563:Puracé Volcano
2560:
2555:
2550:
2548:Gorgona Island
2544:
2542:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2471:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2450:
2448:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2426:SiscuinsĂ Lake
2423:
2418:
2413:
2407:
2405:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2384:
2382:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2361:
2359:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2333:
2331:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2309:Putumayo River
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2280:
2278:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2252:
2251:
2248:
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2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2224:
2222:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2199:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2173:
2171:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2150:
2148:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2127:
2125:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2104:
2102:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2052:Ciudad Perdida
2048:
2046:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2010:
2008:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1980:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1959:
1957:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1894:
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1872:
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1849:
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1845:
1839:
1837:
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1823:
1822:
1816:
1814:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1772:Museo Nacional
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1748:
1746:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1692:
1690:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1673:Villa de Leyva
1670:
1665:
1660:
1654:
1652:
1641:
1640:
1638:
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1631:
1629:
1618:
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1568:
1563:
1557:
1555:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1518:National parks
1515:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1451:
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1433:
1426:
1425:External links
1423:
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1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1096:sunshine hours
1091:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1049:sunshine hours
1044:
1043:
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1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
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628:
624:
623:
613:
611:
608:
602:
599:
540:
537:
525:Jamaican Patwa
504:
501:
497:raiding Panama
491:The privateer
455:
452:
425:Daniel Elfrith
397:Main article:
393:
392:
343:
341:
334:
328:
325:
321:Hurricane Iota
314:taken by Spain
252:Old Providence
235:
234:
225:
221:
220:
215:
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199:
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189:
185:
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117:
113:
112:
78:
77:
71:
65:
64:
63:
60:
59:
56:
48:
47:
45:Old Providence
44:
41:
38:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4160:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4111:
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4073:
4069:
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4055:
4046:
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4036:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4022:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4003:
3997:
3994:
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3991:
3989:
3985:
3979:
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3974:
3971:
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3909:
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3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3871:Alto Mellizos
3869:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3850:
3841:
3832:
3823:
3814:
3805:
3796:
3787:
3778:
3769:
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3733:
3724:
3715:
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3688:
3679:
3670:
3661:
3652:
3643:
3634:
3625:
3616:
3607:
3600:
3587:
3584:
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3556:
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3526:
3514:
3511:
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3506:
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3451:
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3428:
3418:
3409:
3400:
3391:
3382:
3373:
3364:
3355:
3346:
3337:
3330:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3268:
3259:
3254:
3252:
3247:
3245:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3224:
3222:958-8089-16-6
3218:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3198:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3172:
3167:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3067:
3066:El Gallineral
3064:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3027:
3022:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2987:Cocora Valley
2985:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2938:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2867:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2811:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2768:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2746:Cerro Pintado
2744:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2687:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2675:Atabapo River
2673:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2659:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2461:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2372:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2349:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2264:
2257:
2253:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1908:
1904:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1767:Museo del Oro
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1752:Plaza BolĂvar
1750:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1647:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1585:
1581:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1541:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1488:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1418:
1416:9781911184041
1412:
1408:
1403:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1352:
1350:0-521-35205-3
1346:
1341:
1340:
1333:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1296:
1292:
1286:
1283:
1271:
1270:blog.padi.com
1267:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1231:
1228:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1188:
1185:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:Mean monthly
1045:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
997:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
953:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
884:
883:precipitation
879:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
809:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
739:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
669:
625:
621:
616:
609:
607:
600:
598:
596:
592:
591:Rosalind Bank
588:
584:
580:
579:Roncador Bank
576:
572:
567:
565:
560:
557:
554:
553:national park
545:
538:
536:
532:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
502:
500:
498:
494:
489:
486:
480:
477:
469:
465:
460:
453:
451:
448:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
413:
411:
407:
400:
389:
386:
378:
368:
364:
360:
354:
353:
349:
344:This section
342:
338:
333:
332:
326:
324:
322:
317:
315:
311:
307:
302:
300:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
241:
233:
229:
226:
219:
216:
212:
203:
200:
198:
190:
182:
174:
161:
153:
141:
138:
136:
129:
118:
109:
81:Coordinates:
79:
69:
54:
36:
30:
19:
3901:El Escondido
3891:Cerro MachĂn
3503:Biodiversity
3208:
3204:
3037:
2751:Chiribiquete
2703:Alta Guajira
2634:Cundinamarca
2502:MiritĂ River
2492:Chiribiquete
2411:Lake Iguaque
2289:Amazon River
2006:Cundinamarca
1797:Teatro ColĂłn
1744:Cundinamarca
1729:Tierradentro
1454:(in Spanish)
1445:(in Spanish)
1436:(in Spanish)
1406:
1394:. Retrieved
1391:The Guardian
1390:
1359:
1338:
1324:. Retrieved
1299:. Retrieved
1295:the original
1285:
1273:. Retrieved
1269:
1259:
1250:
1241:
1230:
1218:. Retrieved
1214:The Observer
1212:
1187:
1175:. Retrieved
1173:(in Spanish)
1170:
1160:
885:mm (inches)
604:
601:Scuba diving
583:Serrana Bank
568:
561:
550:
533:
521:Belize Kriol
506:
493:Henry Morgan
490:
481:
476:privateering
473:
454:Privateering
449:
445:
429:William Rous
414:
402:
381:
375:January 2018
372:
357:Please help
345:
318:
303:
292:
275:
259:
255:
251:
247:
246:
217:
29:
4021:mud volcano
4012:Providencia
3886:Cerro Bravo
3881:Bordoncillo
3439:Providencia
3099:Los Nevados
3089:Cerro Bravo
3015:Los Nevados
2992:Los Nevados
2784:Claro River
2497:Claro River
2487:Caño Paujil
2454:Los Nevados
2304:La Chorrera
1820:San AgustĂn
1177:23 November
1094:Mean daily
595:Alice Shoal
539:Environment
519:similar to
433:Robert Hunt
421:Philip Bell
256:Providencia
103: /
4132:Categories
3896:Doña Juana
3876:Las Ănimas
3444:San Andrés
3183:El Tuparro
2908:Sanquianga
2695:La Guajira
2619:Los KatĂos
2609:Cabo Marzo
2337:Los KatĂos
1396:9 November
1152:References
312:, and was
284:Costa Rica
260:Providence
167:Population
135:Department
91:81°22âČ29âłW
88:13°20âČ56âłN
4110:Caribbean
4017:El Totumo
3973:San Diego
3911:Morasurco
3490:Lake Tota
3279:CapurganĂĄ
3213:El Tiempo
3053:Santander
3007:Risaralda
2819:Magdalena
2431:Lake Tota
2329:Antioquia
2284:Amacayacu
2177:Barichara
2169:Santander
2146:Risaralda
2044:Magdalena
1927:Antioquia
1858:Santander
1627:AtlĂĄntico
1604:Antioquia
1561:Cartagena
1275:21 August
1171:El Tiempo
509:Rastafari
346:does not
295:sea level
224:Languages
197:Time zone
159:Elevation
4098:Colombia
4064:Category
3953:Patascoy
3306:Sapzurro
3299:TintipĂĄn
3201:Source:
2946:Putumayo
2860:Chingaza
2738:Guaviare
2642:Chingaza
2517:Casanare
2276:Amazonas
1701:Salamina
1251:BBC News
1220:3 August
1141:Source:
1089:2,646.3
999:Average
950:(69.81)
940:(11.18)
935:(13.64)
881:Average
529:Provisle
439:and the
191:Estimate
128:Colombia
4122:Islands
4084:Portals
3968:Romeral
3958:Petacas
3906:Galeras
3571:Azufral
3467:Malpelo
3462:Gorgona
3454:Pacific
3316:Tayrona
3311:Taganga
3175:Vichada
2979:QuindĂo
2959:La Paya
2667:GuainĂa
2469:CaquetĂĄ
2380:BolĂvar
2123:QuindĂo
1963:RĂĄquira
1835:QuindĂo
1724:PopayĂĄn
1553:BolĂvar
1301:17 June
948:1,773.3
945:(5.05)
930:(7.31)
925:(6.85)
920:(6.05)
915:(6.74)
910:(5.41)
905:(1.06)
900:(0.91)
895:(1.80)
890:(3.82)
876:(78.1)
871:(77.2)
866:(77.5)
861:(77.4)
856:(78.3)
851:(79.3)
846:(79.3)
841:(79.7)
836:(79.3)
831:(78.6)
826:(77.2)
821:(76.6)
816:(76.8)
806:(81.7)
801:(80.8)
796:(81.3)
791:(81.7)
786:(82.6)
781:(83.1)
776:(82.9)
771:(83.1)
766:(82.6)
761:(81.9)
756:(80.6)
751:(80.2)
746:(80.2)
736:(86.5)
731:(85.3)
726:(86.0)
721:(87.1)
716:(88.0)
711:(87.6)
706:(87.1)
701:(87.3)
696:(87.3)
691:(86.9)
686:(85.6)
681:(84.7)
676:(84.6)
610:Climate
367:removed
352:sources
306:Puritan
288:Jamaica
232:Spanish
116:Country
4068:Images
4031:Source
3978:SotarĂĄ
3963:Puracé
3586:Cumbal
3581:Chiles
3482:Andean
3294:MĂșcura
3219:
3142:Vaupés
3081:Tolima
2875:Nariño
2446:Caldas
2403:BoyacĂĄ
2357:Arauca
2197:Tolima
2077:Nariño
1978:Caldas
1955:BoyacĂĄ
1688:Caldas
1650:BoyacĂĄ
1566:Mompox
1413:
1366:
1347:
1326:12 May
1086:201.5
1083:177.0
1080:186.0
1077:201.0
1074:235.6
1071:213.9
1068:195.0
1065:235.6
1062:267.0
1059:269.7
1056:231.5
1053:232.5
627:Month
503:People
470:(1821)
427:, and
188:
125:
4005:Other
3472:NuquĂ
3207:[
2776:Huila
2601:ChocĂł
2578:Cesar
2540:Cauca
1812:Huila
1716:Cauca
1663:Tunja
943:128.3
938:284.0
933:346.4
928:185.6
923:174.1
918:153.7
913:171.1
908:137.4
666:Year
515:, an
274:, or
175:5,011
3217:ISBN
2847:Meta
1411:ISBN
1398:2017
1364:ISBN
1345:ISBN
1328:2006
1303:2024
1277:2024
1222:2023
1179:2019
1136:7.3
1133:6.5
1130:5.9
1127:6.0
1124:6.7
1121:7.6
1118:6.9
1115:6.5
1112:7.6
1109:8.9
1106:8.7
1103:8.2
1100:7.5
1003:(%)
994:208
903:27.0
898:23.0
893:45.6
888:97.0
874:25.6
869:25.1
864:25.3
859:25.2
854:25.7
849:26.3
844:26.3
839:26.5
834:26.3
829:25.9
824:25.1
819:24.8
814:24.9
804:27.6
799:27.1
794:27.4
789:27.6
784:28.1
779:28.4
774:28.3
769:28.4
764:28.1
759:27.7
754:27.0
749:26.8
744:26.8
734:30.3
729:29.6
724:30.0
719:30.6
714:31.1
709:30.9
704:30.6
699:30.7
694:30.7
689:30.5
684:29.8
679:29.3
674:29.2
663:Dec
660:Nov
657:Oct
654:Sep
651:Aug
648:Jul
645:Jun
642:May
639:Apr
636:Mar
633:Feb
630:Jan
593:and
523:and
419:and
350:any
348:cite
286:and
218:none
146:Area
72:Seal
1042:80
1039:80
1036:82
1033:84
1030:82
1027:81
1024:81
1021:81
1018:80
1015:77
1012:76
1009:77
1006:78
991:21
988:23
985:22
982:19
979:21
976:22
973:20
970:14
964:10
961:14
958:20
466:by
361:by
270:of
258:or
211:DST
4134::
4066:âą
4043:.
4038:âą
1389:.
1268:.
1249:.
1211:.
1199:^
1169:.
967:8
597:.
589:,
581:,
443:.
290:.
230:,
4086::
4047:.
4023:)
4019:(
3547:e
3540:t
3533:v
3257:e
3250:t
3243:v
3225:.
1486:e
1479:t
1472:v
1419:.
1400:.
1380:.
1372:.
1353:.
1330:.
1305:.
1279:.
1224:.
1181:.
388:)
382:(
377:)
373:(
369:.
355:.
213:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
