2479:
2443:
2467:
2455:
380:
314:
70:
was an example of that argument). Legally, the crown governor's authority was unassailable, but assemblies began to resist efforts by some governors and royal officials to enforce acts of
Parliament or to raise local taxes that governors demanded. In resisting that authority, assemblies resorted to
101:. By 1775, the committees had become counter-governments that gradually replaced royal authority and took control of local governments. Known as the Committees of Safety, they regulated the economy, politics, morality, and militia of their individual communities. After the British
126:
In some colonies there were little or no changes to their assemblies until statehood. They had no need of a provisional legislative body since their governors did not dissolve or prevent the legislative assemblies from meeting. This was the case in the
2320:
1148:
31:. Some were referred to as congresses while others used different terms for a similar type body. These bodies were generally renamed or replaced with other bodies when the provinces declared themselves
832:
2325:
2078:
1393:
1743:
423:
2210:
1153:
1143:
66:
had authority over them to impose taxes (or certain other laws), that it was the colonial assembly’s duty to decide what should be imposed on their fellow colonists (the
2290:
1158:
136:
1662:
1168:
2280:
353:
208:
43:
2315:
2239:
1728:
1667:
2270:
1976:
1179:
524:
116:
2068:
2144:
1551:
1536:
852:
775:
90:
2310:
1062:
489:
416:
1855:
1546:
1541:
902:
2275:
2058:
1733:
1123:
47:
2234:
1526:
781:
474:
2390:
1753:
740:
2385:
2265:
2088:
1556:
1531:
1511:
409:
1582:
2360:
1748:
1723:
1657:
1506:
1089:
1046:
837:
499:
484:
196:
191:
2412:
2156:
1307:
297:
186:
176:
2063:
2380:
2330:
2300:
2285:
2139:
1785:
1247:
1187:
1128:
63:
2395:
1702:
1692:
1682:
479:
72:
46:
was a system of governance modeled after the
British government of the time, with the king corresponding to the governor, the
2295:
1383:
1347:
1084:
608:
249:
1946:
1905:
1237:
871:
787:
760:
119:
were a later outcome of the committees of correspondence. Committees of safety were executive bodies that governed during
67:
2433:
386:
320:
75:
and the common welfare, giving life to the notion that governments derived, or ought to derive, their authority from the
2499:
2340:
2161:
770:
511:
181:
82:
558:
2370:
1738:
1687:
1438:
1317:
1197:
1031:
817:
2073:
1454:
2375:
2083:
1815:
1800:
1652:
797:
648:
593:
432:
339:
Alan D. Watson, "The
Committees of Safety and the Coming of the American Revolution in North Carolina, 1774–1776,"
86:
2134:
2124:
2006:
1428:
1413:
1227:
1118:
1067:
912:
862:
709:
573:
517:
102:
1521:
1516:
1423:
1408:
1357:
1332:
1302:
1222:
1212:
1023:
160:
603:
2350:
1910:
1464:
1207:
802:
699:
531:
94:
76:
2400:
2129:
1697:
1496:
1459:
922:
892:
464:
391:
325:
167:. It was generally allowed more independence of action in their colonial assembly than in other colonies.
132:
289:
Constitutional
Development in the South Atlantic States, 1776-1860: A Study in the Evolution of Democracy
2459:
2365:
2150:
1860:
1672:
1367:
1322:
1287:
1217:
1202:
1138:
887:
827:
704:
85:
were formed as shadow governments in the
Thirteen colonies prior to the American Revolution. During the
59:
2483:
2215:
2166:
1267:
1262:
1252:
998:
750:
745:
494:
213:
156:
105:
and the King’s speech before
Parliament (27 October 1775) the colonies moved towards independence.
2407:
2053:
1810:
1433:
1312:
1292:
1277:
1257:
1242:
1013:
542:
446:
112:
108:
28:
2305:
1875:
1830:
1342:
1272:
735:
598:
568:
152:
139:, which elected colonial governors who were aligned with their assemblies. (Connecticut Governor
2345:
1352:
1996:
1956:
1780:
1488:
1362:
1337:
1297:
1282:
1232:
1163:
1133:
990:
293:
245:
241:
234:
140:
51:
24:
287:
2335:
2021:
1986:
1895:
1880:
1865:
1825:
1637:
1327:
1008:
1003:
917:
842:
792:
694:
583:
578:
123:
of, were created by, and derived their authority from provincial assemblies or congresses.
98:
2471:
2355:
1900:
1840:
1805:
1795:
1192:
1113:
986:
897:
866:
822:
755:
714:
674:
663:
633:
148:
1951:
1845:
1388:
847:
679:
668:
613:
588:
144:
128:
55:
2466:
2493:
2249:
2016:
2001:
1991:
1971:
1920:
1890:
1885:
1820:
1647:
1501:
907:
765:
563:
163:, which included the “Lower Counties of the Delaware", but it maintained a separate
2244:
1961:
1941:
1915:
1835:
1642:
1587:
1572:
1418:
1403:
1398:
1036:
927:
857:
658:
643:
537:
505:
236:
American
Realities:Historical Episodes from the First Settlements to the Civil War
358:
The
American Revolution, 1763-1783, First Shots of War, 1775, Library of Congress
2442:
2011:
1966:
1870:
1790:
1677:
1577:
1077:
1072:
120:
2447:
2171:
1936:
1850:
1718:
1041:
730:
689:
469:
32:
401:
2048:
807:
653:
269:
147:
served as both the last colonial governors and first state governors.) The
1981:
638:
164:
684:
97:
trade boycott with
Britain in response to the British Parliament’s
2188:
2113:
1612:
948:
443:
405:
23:
were extra-legal legislative bodies established in ten of the
354:"King George III's Address to Parliament, October 27, 1775"
833:
Declaration of the Causes and
Necessity of Taking Up Arms
2431:
2258:
2227:
2203:
2041:
2034:
1929:
1773:
1766:
1711:
1630:
1623:
1565:
1487:
1473:
1447:
1376:
1177:
1102:
1055:
1022:
985:
978:
880:
723:
622:
551:
457:
266:The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution
233:
16:Colonial legislatures in the American Revolution.
62:. Colonial assemblies did not believe that the
2281:Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War
292:. U. of North Carolina press. pp. 21–22.
417:
8:
209:Colonial government in the Thirteen Colonies
1394:Washington's crossing of the Delaware River
2271:African Americans in the Revolutionary War
2200:
2185:
2110:
2038:
1770:
1627:
1620:
1609:
1484:
982:
975:
945:
525:Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness
454:
440:
424:
410:
402:
171:List of Provincial Congresses and Bodies
2438:
224:
2276:Dogs in the American Revolutionary War
274:A Companion to the American Revolution
782:Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania
7:
2391:Daughters of the American Revolution
741:Declaration of Rights and Grievances
2386:Children of the American Revolution
2266:Timeline of the American Revolution
1047:European allies of King George III
903:British credit crisis of 1772–1773
838:Committee of Secret Correspondence
500:No taxation without representation
240:. Boston: Little, Brown. pp.
197:North Carolina Provincial Congress
192:Pennsylvania Provincial Conference
14:
2413:Museum of the American Revolution
385:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1904).
360:. Hall & Seller, Philadelphia
341:North Carolina Historical Review,
319:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1904).
187:Provincial Congress of New Jersey
177:Massachusetts Provincial Congress
2477:
2465:
2453:
2441:
2301:Continental Currency dollar coin
2286:Women in the American Revolution
378:
312:
2396:Sons of the American Revolution
2296:Continental currency banknotes
1384:Staten Island Peace Conference
321:"Committees of Correspondence"
286:Fletcher Melvin Green (1930).
113:create new state constitutions
44:Colonial government in America
1:
1090:German supporters of Congress
788:Massachusetts Circular Letter
68:Massachusetts Circular Letter
771:Committees of correspondence
182:New York Provincial Congress
131:with more autonomy, such as
83:Committees of correspondence
2408:Charters of Freedom Rotunda
1439:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783
1424:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1781
1198:Capture of Fort Ticonderoga
853:Declaration of Independence
818:Second Continental Congress
268:(1967); Jack P. Greene and
93:were formed to enforce the
2516:
2291:Financial costs of the war
798:First Continental Congress
649:Royal Proclamation of 1763
594:Second Rockingham ministry
433:American Revolutionary War
232:Young, J. William (1987).
143:and Rhode Island Governor
87:First Continental Congress
2199:
2184:
2145:Constitutional Convention
2125:Society of the Cincinnati
2120:
2109:
1619:
1608:
1414:Carlisle Peace Commission
1248:Siege of Fort Ticonderoga
974:
944:
913:Hutchinson letters affair
863:Articles of Confederation
710:Proclamation of Rebellion
574:First Rockingham ministry
518:All men are created equal
453:
439:
103:Proclamation of Rebellion
1409:Entry of France into war
1024:Kingdom of Great Britain
161:Province of Pennsylvania
91:committees of inspection
2140:Ratification Day (1784)
1465:Second Anglo-Mysore War
1149:Northern after Saratoga
1129:New York and New Jersey
803:Continental Association
700:Conciliatory Resolution
559:Pitt–Newcastle ministry
532:Consent of the governed
343:(1996) 73#2 pp 131–155
109:Provisional governments
95:Continental Association
77:consent of the governed
2401:Sons of the Revolution
2130:Treaty of Paris (1783)
1460:Fourth Anglo-Dutch War
1455:Cherokee–American wars
1068:Franco-American Treaty
923:Philadelphia Tea Party
893:Treaty of Paris (1763)
872:Confederation Congress
465:American Enlightenment
392:Encyclopedia Americana
387:"Committees of Safety"
326:Encyclopedia Americana
2346:Washington's Birthday
2151:The Federalist Papers
2135:Evacuation Day (1783)
1188:Lexington and Concord
888:French and Indian War
828:Olive Branch Petition
71:arguments based upon
21:Provincial Congresses
2351:Jefferson's Birthday
2341:Pulaski Memorial Day
1348:Guilford Court House
999:Continental Congress
776:Committees of safety
751:Daughters of Liberty
746:Virginia Association
495:Rights of Englishmen
214:Continental Congress
117:Committees of safety
2500:American Revolution
1479:colony or location)
1434:Newburgh Conspiracy
1293:Sullivan Expedition
813:Provincial Congress
604:Fox–North coalition
543:Settler colonialism
490:Freedom of religion
447:American Revolution
29:American Revolution
2381:Semiquincentennial
2306:Libertas Americana
736:Stamp Act Congress
626:Acts of Parliament
599:Shelburne ministry
569:Grenville ministry
153:proprietary colony
64:British Parliament
60:governor's council
2429:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2180:
2179:
2167:Shays's Rebellion
2105:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2030:
2029:
1997:Richard Henry Lee
1762:
1761:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1448:Related conflicts
1318:Connecticut Farms
1098:
1097:
991:Thirteen Colonies
940:
939:
936:
935:
165:Delaware assembly
141:Jonathan Trumbull
115:and governments.
52:colonial assembly
25:Thirteen Colonies
2507:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2470:
2469:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2446:
2445:
2437:
2371:Sesquicentennial
2331:Independence Day
2235:Founding Fathers
2201:
2186:
2111:
2039:
1771:
1628:
1621:
1610:
1485:
1480:
1308:Cape St. Vincent
983:
976:
946:
918:Boston Tea Party
843:Halifax Resolves
793:Suffolk Resolves
584:Grafton ministry
579:Chatham ministry
475:Colonial history
455:
441:
426:
419:
412:
403:
397:
396:
382:
381:
376:
370:
369:
367:
365:
350:
344:
337:
331:
330:
316:
315:
310:
304:
303:
283:
277:
264:Bernard Bailyn,
262:
256:
255:
239:
229:
129:Charter colonies
99:Intolerable Acts
48:House of Commons
2515:
2514:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2478:
2476:
2464:
2454:
2452:
2440:
2432:
2430:
2417:
2356:Von Steuben Day
2254:
2223:
2195:
2176:
2116:
2093:
2035:Colonial allies
2026:
1925:
1758:
1719:King George III
1707:
1615:
1592:
1561:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1469:
1443:
1372:
1353:Lochry's Defeat
1238:Assunpink Creek
1228:Fort Washington
1173:
1107:
1105:
1094:
1085:Hortalez et Cie
1056:Colonial allies
1051:
1018:
987:United Colonies
970:
932:
898:Boston Massacre
876:
867:Perpetual Union
823:United Colonies
756:Sons of Liberty
719:
627:
625:
624:Related British
618:
547:
449:
445:Origins of the
435:
430:
400:
384:
379:
377:
373:
363:
361:
352:
351:
347:
338:
334:
318:
313:
311:
307:
300:
285:
284:
280:
263:
259:
252:
231:
230:
226:
222:
205:
173:
155:under Governor
149:Delaware Colony
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2513:
2511:
2503:
2502:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2474:
2462:
2460:Modern history
2450:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2361:Minor holidays
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2213:
2207:
2205:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2192:Related topics
2189:
2182:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2162:Bill of Rights
2159:
2154:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2114:
2107:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2045:
2043:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1777:
1775:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1715:
1713:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1634:
1632:
1625:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1567:
1566:Loyal colonies
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1552:South Carolina
1549:
1544:
1539:
1537:North Carolina
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1493:
1491:
1489:Rebel colonies
1482:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1429:Sint Eustatius
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1389:"First Salute"
1386:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1333:Kings Mountain
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1223:Harlem Heights
1220:
1215:
1213:Valcour Island
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1028:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
995:
993:
980:
972:
971:
969:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
949:
942:
941:
938:
937:
934:
933:
931:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
884:
882:
878:
877:
875:
874:
869:
860:
855:
850:
848:Lee Resolution
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
778:
773:
768:
766:Black Patriots
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
727:
725:
721:
720:
718:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
630:
628:
623:
620:
619:
617:
616:
614:Black Loyalist
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
589:North ministry
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
555:
553:
549:
548:
546:
545:
540:
535:
528:
521:
514:
509:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
461:
459:
451:
450:
444:
437:
436:
431:
429:
428:
421:
414:
406:
399:
398:
395:. Vol. 5.
371:
345:
332:
329:. Vol. 5.
305:
298:
278:
257:
250:
223:
221:
218:
217:
216:
211:
204:
201:
200:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
172:
169:
145:Nicholas Cooke
73:natural rights
56:House of Lords
40:
37:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2512:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2485:
2484:United States
2475:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2461:
2451:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2435:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2336:Patriots' Day
2334:
2332:
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2311:Commemoration
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2250:Yankee Doodle
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2119:
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2108:
2090:
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2079:de Rochambeau
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1199:
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1169:Naval battles
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1104:Campaigns and
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564:Bute ministry
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544:
541:
539:
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529:
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522:
519:
515:
513:
512:Spirit of '76
510:
508:
507:
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501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
485:Republicanism
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
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468:
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375:
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336:
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328:
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299:9781584779285
295:
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65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
38:
36:
34:
30:
27:early in the
26:
22:
2376:Bicentennial
2259:Other topics
2245:Liberty Tree
2217:
2157:Constitution
2149:
2054:Beaumarchais
1942:Samuel Adams
1693:William Howe
1688:Richard Howe
1588:West Florida
1573:East Florida
1547:Rhode Island
1542:Pennsylvania
1475:Involvement
1419:Gordon Riots
1404:Valley Forge
1399:Conway Cabal
1377:Other events
1139:Philadelphia
1037:British Army
928:Powder Alarm
858:Model Treaty
812:
780:
538:Expansionism
506:Common Sense
504:
390:
374:
362:. Retrieved
357:
348:
340:
335:
324:
308:
288:
281:
273:
265:
260:
235:
227:
137:Rhode Island
125:
121:adjournments
107:
81:
42:
20:
18:
2022:Witherspoon
1906:von Steuben
1861:Charles Lee
1578:Nova Scotia
1497:Connecticut
1368:The Saintes
1323:Springfield
1288:Stony Point
1218:Long Island
1203:Bunker Hill
1124:Nova Scotia
715:Prohibitory
705:Restraining
695:Intolerable
675:Declaratory
133:Connecticut
89:(in 1774),
2366:Centennial
2321:television
2172:Jay Treaty
2069:de Guichen
1977:Huntington
1937:John Adams
1876:Montgomery
1781:Washington
1744:Rockingham
1729:Barrington
1698:Knyphausen
1668:Cornwallis
1527:New Jersey
1358:Chesapeake
1313:Charleston
1268:Germantown
1263:Brandywine
1253:Bennington
1042:Royal Navy
1032:Parliament
979:Combatants
952:Combatants
731:Loyal Nine
664:Quartering
634:Navigation
480:Liberalism
470:John Locke
458:Philosophy
270:J. R. Pole
251:0316977403
220:References
54:, and the
2240:Diplomacy
2228:Political
2211:Prisoners
2115:Aftermath
2089:Vergennes
2064:de Grasse
2059:d'Estaing
2049:Louis XVI
1987:Jefferson
1952:Dickinson
1896:St. Clair
1881:Nicholson
1856:Lafayette
1816:Duportail
1786:Alexander
1754:Shelburne
1638:Arbuthnot
1477:(by
1343:Pensacola
1303:Gibraltar
1278:St. Lucia
1243:Princeton
955:Campaigns
808:Minutemen
724:Colonials
680:Townshend
609:Loyalists
552:Royalists
157:John Penn
111:began to
2494:Category
2472:Politics
2204:Military
1957:Franklin
1930:Civilian
1911:Sullivan
1901:Schuyler
1831:Hamilton
1806:Claghorn
1774:Military
1767:Colonial
1749:Sandwich
1712:Civilian
1658:Carleton
1653:Campbell
1648:Burgoyne
1631:Military
1557:Virginia
1532:New York
1512:Maryland
1502:Delaware
1363:Yorktown
1298:Savannah
1273:Monmouth
1258:Saratoga
1164:Yorktown
1154:Southern
1144:Northern
1134:Saratoga
1106:theaters
967:Colonies
958:Theaters
761:Patriots
671:up i.p.o
659:Currency
644:Molasses
364:17 April
203:See also
39:Overview
2434:Portals
2326:theater
2084:Suffren
2074:Luzerne
1992:Laurens
1962:Hancock
1947:Carroll
1866:Lincoln
1846:de Kalb
1836:Hopkins
1734:Germain
1724:Amherst
1663:Clinton
1624:British
1614:Leaders
1507:Georgia
1338:Cowpens
1283:Grenada
1233:Trenton
1180:battles
1159:Western
1014:Marines
961:Battles
272:, eds.
242:516–517
159:of the
58:to the
50:to the
2218:Turtle
2042:French
2012:Revere
2007:Morris
2002:McKean
1967:Hanson
1891:Rodney
1886:Putnam
1871:Mercer
1826:Greene
1796:Arnold
1703:Rodney
1683:Graves
1673:Fraser
1583:Quebec
1328:Camden
1208:Quebec
1193:Boston
1178:Major
1119:Quebec
1114:Boston
1063:France
964:Events
881:Events
690:Quebec
383:
317:
296:
276:(2003)
248:
151:was a
33:states
1972:Henry
1921:Wayne
1841:Jones
1821:Gates
1811:Clark
1801:Barry
1791:Allen
1739:North
1643:Brant
669:Stamp
654:Sugar
2316:film
2216:The
2017:Rush
1916:Ward
1851:Knox
1678:Gage
1078:Navy
1073:Army
1009:Navy
1004:Army
865:and
639:Iron
366:2018
294:ISBN
246:ISBN
135:and
19:The
2448:Law
1982:Jay
685:Tea
2496::
389:.
356:.
323:.
244:.
79:.
35:.
2436::
989:/
534:"
530:"
527:"
523:"
520:"
516:"
425:e
418:t
411:v
368:.
302:.
254:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.