411:
42:
2165:
399:
2221:
2173:
2229:
2181:
2213:
2237:
357:
2205:
2197:
2189:
517:. The Russian administration tried to prepare as many staff as possible to create a state mechanism for future Bulgarian states. So, initially seven provinces were headed by Russians and only one - by Bulgarian, but in six provinces the vice-governors were Bulgarians. At the local level Russians created a government system: in the districts (
578:
The occupation debt of
Eastern Rumelia passed to the Principality of Bulgaria after the unification of Bulgaria in 1885. Its repayment was postponed many times until 1912, when Bulgaria and Russia agreed on a plan to repay the debt. The plan was never realized because after the beginning of the First
570:
In 1890, it had sent a service payment, but regular payments were resumed only in 1896. Finally the, nearly all (around 26 million out of 28 million) that was due to be paid for the"occupation debt" was paid off by the
Principality of Bulgaria in 1902 at the expense of a large foreign loan issued by
551:
Costs incurred by the
Russian exchequer for maintenance of the Temporary Russian Governance had to be reimbursed by the future Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia. The sum accrued this way was called the "occupation debt". Bulgarians paid it irregularly, and its final settlement has taken
531:
Many young
Bulgarians were sent to the Russian military schools, and the most capable ones - also in military academies. After a short time in Bulgaria, the Russians established a local military school. To speed up the formation and training of a new army, the administration had decided to detach
488:
The guidance of the Civil
Administration presided by the chancellery of Russian emperor's commissioner jointly with established in 1878 the Board of government over areas. Besides Russian officers and officials, many Bulgarians were included there, among of which were
536:) by all ranks. Such measures formed a mobilization reserve for the Bulgarian army. The Russian army had also delivered a significant amount of equipment and supplies to the Bulgarians. Russia actively contributed to the establishment of the Navy in Bulgaria.
532:
Russian officers and instructors from the lower ranks from the
Danubian army to the Bulgarian units. Also, the Russian army encouraged the military training of the rural population in Russian units and Bulgarian voluntary detachments (which were called
521:) there were formed elective administrative councils and judicial committees, in the villages - councils of elders. There were drafted the Constitution project. The administration made preparations for the elections to the Constituent Assembly.
567:, prior to which Russia had withdrawn its military officers, leaving all their equipment, weapons as well as 15,000 horses to the Bulgarians, who had until that moment trained and commanded all larger units of Bulgaria's young army.
772:Овсяный, Николай Романович|Овсяный, Н. Русское управление в Болгарии в 1877-78-79 гг. Т. I. Заведывавший гражданскими делами при Главнокомандовавшем Действующей армии д.с.с. князь В. А. Черкасский. СПб, 1906
462:, in connection with which it was abolished in May 1879. The main objectives of the Temporary Russian administration was to establish peaceful life and preparation for a revival of the Bulgarian state.
2144:
777:Овсяный, Н. Русское управление в Болгарии в 1877-78-79 гг. Т. II. Российский Императорский Комиссар в Болгарии, генерал-адъютант князь А. М. Дондуков - Корсаков. СПб, 1906
1103:
1542:
1398:
2003:
338:
385:
1456:
2038:
1451:
2424:
2149:
481:, as chief of the "First office of civil governance of liberated Trans-Danubian lands." After his death in March 1878 this post had been held by prince
2059:
1552:
868:
540:
1332:
1151:
1407:
312:
1747:
1110:
753:
2054:
2033:
1184:
971:
2374:
256:
640:
2439:
2429:
2384:
1391:
1828:
841:
447:
410:
272:
2389:
1996:
1704:
1179:
2134:
1883:
1777:
246:
1811:
378:
555:
The
Principality of Bulgaria serviced the debt from 1883 until 1885, when relations between Bulgaria and Russia were severed after
2434:
929:
304:
1091:
976:
1721:
1716:
398:
1384:
934:
223:
159:
2319:
1989:
1731:
1052:
861:
579:
World War the two countries were adversaries. After the war, the debt was written off by agreement between the
Cabinet of
2354:
2139:
1792:
1637:
1511:
1208:
1098:
1016:
782:Овсяный, Н. Русское управление в Болгарии в 1877-78-79 гг. Т. II. Восточная Румелия и Адрианопольский санджак. СПб, 1907
371:
350:
333:
296:
218:
94:
21:
1908:
2269:
1667:
1598:
1322:
1079:
981:
482:
288:
2095:
1699:
167:
699:
539:
To train officers, capable young
Bulgarians were detached both in Russian military schools and in the newly created
2379:
1672:
1120:
1001:
328:
210:
2329:
2264:
2111:
1537:
966:
141:
1898:
1564:
485:. From 20 May to 10 October 1878, the Commissioner's residence located in Plovdiv, and then was moved to Sofia.
2324:
1499:
1280:
1245:
1062:
1042:
919:
854:
831:
455:
133:
2288:
1961:
1951:
1893:
1833:
1679:
1506:
1489:
1174:
1146:
1067:
909:
580:
451:
125:
2090:
2085:
1752:
1689:
1472:
1270:
1086:
1057:
904:
238:
86:
1694:
454:
provided for the termination of the
Temporary Russian Governance activity since the establishment of the
2274:
2116:
2080:
1838:
1516:
1426:
1235:
1225:
1194:
1115:
1047:
986:
944:
556:
443:
2364:
2259:
2121:
2012:
1843:
1762:
1757:
1477:
1312:
1252:
1161:
1030:
826:
180:
99:
510:
2304:
1823:
1632:
1586:
1557:
1351:
1262:
1189:
1134:
924:
886:
836:
741:
564:
478:
264:
230:
185:
67:
59:
30:
2284:
1956:
1923:
1888:
1767:
1684:
1662:
1642:
1608:
1307:
1275:
1230:
1156:
899:
803:
514:
431:
149:
107:
78:
748:. София: Фондация Българска наука и култура / Център за либерални стратегии. pp. 491–492.
477:
The Temporary Russian Governance initially was headed by Russian emperor's commissioner prince
2349:
2279:
2254:
2064:
1943:
1928:
1804:
1772:
1726:
1360:
1327:
1317:
1297:
1285:
1220:
1006:
749:
2334:
2314:
1938:
1818:
1613:
1547:
1494:
1436:
1302:
956:
914:
894:
528:) was transformed into regular military units and formed the Bulgarian Territorial Troops.
498:
423:
194:
175:
117:
51:
1918:
1913:
1581:
1441:
1421:
1365:
1074:
821:
560:
494:
459:
361:
781:
776:
771:
2359:
2344:
2309:
1862:
1709:
1591:
1576:
1484:
1446:
1290:
506:
502:
490:
1376:
2418:
2402:
2369:
1855:
1850:
1521:
1431:
1166:
625:
450:. This administration was established in the beginning of the war in April 1877. The
469:
were under Provisional Serbian Administration from 19 December 1877 to 5 June 1879.
2395:
588:
466:
700:"Bulgarian Army/Official site of Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Bulgaria"
1970:
1933:
1903:
1867:
1798:
1783:
1627:
1011:
525:
406:, where the Temporary Russian Governance was located since May till October 1878
280:
1603:
1569:
1240:
793:
652:
1618:
798:
726:
584:
808:
877:
703:
533:
439:
41:
1981:
961:
572:
403:
465:
The Western parts of nowadays Bulgaria which had been invaded by the
202:
846:
991:
409:
397:
996:
518:
1985:
1380:
850:
2145:
Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878
563:, which had not been approved by Russia, and the following
615:. София: ДИ „Д-р Петър Берон“. 1987. pp. 54–55.
524:
In the spring and summer of 1878 Bulgarian militia (
2297:
2245:
2104:
2073:
2047:
2026:
2019:
1876:
1740:
1653:
1530:
1465:
1414:
1261:
1207:
1133:
1029:
943:
885:
689:, София, 1959, Държавно Военно Издателство, с. 60
794:Болгария от освобождения до середины XX столетия
653:Болгария от освобождения до середины XX столетия
2340:Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria
420:Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria
1997:
1392:
862:
379:
8:
438:) was an interim government established for
643:by Marin Drinov and Waxmann Verlag, page 71
2023:
2004:
1990:
1982:
1399:
1385:
1377:
1213:
1139:
1035:
949:
869:
855:
847:
386:
372:
15:
2325:First Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)
736:
734:
613:Българските държавни институции 1879-1986
231:Establishment of the Bulgarian Exarchate
599:
428:Временное русское управление в Болгарии
29:
18:
799:Создание болгарской национальной армии
727:Создание болгарской национальной армии
687:Българската земска войска 1878–1879 г.
2150:Expulsion of the Albanians, 1877–1878
722:
720:
626:ЗА ПРОПАГАНДНАТА УПОТРЕБА НА ПРАЗНИКА
607:
605:
603:
7:
436:Временно руско управление в България
2385:Convention of Constantinople (1881)
2039:Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878)
1408:International relations (1814–1919)
809:Съдебната система в периода на ВРУ
14:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2179:
2171:
2163:
2060:Serbian–Turkish Wars (1876–1878)
2055:Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)
2034:Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)
355:
40:
2375:Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881
473:The organization and activities
842:Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878
448:Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878
273:Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising
1:
2425:Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
2135:Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
1778:Kronstadt–Toulon naval visits
1732:1917 Franco-Russian agreement
1722:Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty
71:
2355:Battles for Plav and Gusinje
2140:Romanian War of Independence
1638:Second Industrial Revolution
1512:League of the Three Emperors
746:Комуналният капитализъм: Т.I
442:territories occupied by the
2390:British Occupation of Egypt
2270:Budapest Convention of 1877
1668:Treaty of Versailles (1871)
483:Alexander Dondukov-Korsakov
2456:
2440:1877 in the Russian Empire
2430:Modern history of Bulgaria
2380:French conquest of Tunisia
1717:Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905
2265:Constantinople Conference
2160:
2130:
2112:1878 Macedonian rebellion
1538:European balance of power
1345:
1216:
1142:
1038:
952:
807:
435:
427:
2320:1876 Ottoman coup d'état
1829:Venezuela Naval Blockade
1500:Anglo-Russian Convention
832:Principality of Bulgaria
541:Military school in Sofia
456:Principality of Bulgaria
2435:Wars involving Bulgaria
2289:Treaty of Berlin (1878)
1834:Alaska boundary dispute
1507:Anglo-Japanese Alliance
1490:Franco-Russian Alliance
910:Second Bulgarian Empire
581:Aleksandar Stamboliyski
552:almost half a century.
452:Treaty of Berlin (1878)
126:Second Bulgarian Empire
2096:Kresna–Razlog uprising
2091:Razlovtsi insurrection
2086:April Uprising of 1876
1753:Unification of Germany
1700:Taft–Katsura agreement
1180:Science and technology
905:First Bulgarian Empire
415:
407:
339:Struggle for Macedonia
168:Fragmentation and fall
160:Recovery and expansion
87:First Bulgarian Empire
2275:Treaty of San Stefano
2117:Epirus Revolt of 1878
2081:Stara Zagora Uprising
1839:First Moroccan Crisis
1553:Spread of nationalism
1517:Eight-Nation Alliance
557:Bulgarian unification
444:Imperial Russian Army
413:
401:
257:Third Bulgarian State
2365:Dual Alliance (1879)
2260:Reichstadt Agreement
2122:Cretan revolt (1878)
2013:Great Eastern Crisis
1844:Algeciras Conference
1824:Annexation of Hawaii
1763:Great Eastern Crisis
1758:Unification of Italy
1748:Formation of Romania
1565:French–German enmity
1333:World Heritage Sites
1092:Chief of the Defence
827:Military of Bulgaria
641:Ethnologia Balkanica
2305:Bulgarian Exarchate
1909:Philippine–American
1894:First Sino-Japanese
1727:Racconigi agreement
1673:Treaty of Frankfurt
1633:Great Rapprochement
1587:Scramble for Africa
1152:Economic statistics
935:Bulgaria since 1990
837:History of Bulgaria
565:Serbo-Bulgarian War
547:The occupation debt
479:Vladimir Cherkassky
414:The memorial tablet
362:Bulgaria portal
265:Serbo-Bulgarian War
2285:Congress of Berlin
2020:Wars and conflicts
1768:Congress of Berlin
1685:Reinsurance Treaty
1663:Congress of Vienna
1643:Industrial warfare
1609:Scramble for China
900:Old Great Bulgaria
587:government of the
515:Konstantin Stoilov
416:
408:
150:Darman and Kudelin
118:Byzantine Bulgaria
108:Cometopuli dynasty
82:7th cent., 632–668
79:Old Great Bulgaria
2412:
2411:
2350:League of Prizren
2280:Cyprus Convention
2255:Berlin Memorandum
2158:
2157:
2065:Kumanovo uprising
1979:
1978:
1948:Albanian Revolts
1805:German Naval Laws
1789:Naval arms races
1773:Berlin Conference
1705:Hague Conventions
1374:
1373:
1341:
1340:
1203:
1202:
1129:
1128:
1111:Political parties
1099:National Assembly
1053:Foreign relations
1025:
1024:
1007:Rhodope Mountains
930:People's Republic
755:978-954-90758-7-8
628:by Petko Hristov
396:
395:
134:Second Golden Age
2447:
2335:Eastern Question
2240:
2239:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2024:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1983:
1899:Spanish–American
1819:Fashoda Incident
1695:Treaty of Björkö
1680:Treaty of Berlin
1614:Open Door Policy
1548:Eastern question
1495:Entente Cordiale
1401:
1394:
1387:
1378:
1354:
1214:
1170:
1140:
1036:
972:Cities and towns
962:Balkan Peninsula
957:Balkan Mountains
950:
895:Odrysian kingdom
871:
864:
857:
848:
811:
760:
759:
738:
729:
724:
715:
714:
712:
711:
702:. Archived from
696:
690:
661:
655:
650:
644:
638:
632:
631:
623:
617:
616:
609:
499:Stefan Stambolov
437:
429:
402:The building in
388:
381:
374:
360:
359:
358:
343:
334:Military history
329:List of monarchs
317:
309:
301:
293:
285:
277:
269:
261:
251:
243:
235:
215:
211:National Revival
207:
199:
195:Ottoman Bulgaria
172:
164:
154:
146:
138:
130:
122:
112:
104:
95:Christianization
91:
83:
75:
73:
64:
56:
52:Odrysian kingdom
44:
34:
16:
2455:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2415:
2414:
2413:
2408:
2293:
2247:
2241:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2164:
2162:
2154:
2126:
2100:
2069:
2043:
2015:
2010:
1980:
1975:
1914:Boxer Rebellion
1872:
1736:
1690:Treaty of Paris
1655:
1649:
1582:New Imperialism
1543:Ottoman decline
1526:
1473:Triple Alliance
1461:
1422:Austria-Hungary
1410:
1405:
1375:
1370:
1357:
1350:
1337:
1323:Public holidays
1257:
1199:
1168:
1125:
1021:
967:Black Sea coast
939:
881:
875:
822:Eastern Rumelia
818:
790:
768:
763:
756:
740:
739:
732:
725:
718:
709:
707:
698:
697:
693:
662:
658:
651:
647:
639:
635:
629:
624:
620:
611:
610:
601:
597:
561:Eastern Rumelia
549:
495:Petko Karavelov
475:
460:Eastern Rumelia
392:
356:
354:
353:
341:
315:
307:
299:
291:
283:
275:
267:
259:
249:
241:
233:
213:
205:
197:
170:
162:
152:
144:
142:Mongol invasion
136:
128:
120:
110:
102:
89:
81:
70:
62:
54:
32:
25:
12:
11:
5:
2453:
2451:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2417:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2360:Pact of Halepa
2357:
2352:
2347:
2345:British Cyprus
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2310:Deligrad Event
2307:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2251:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1986:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1946:
1941:
1931:
1926:
1924:Russo-Japanese
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1889:Anglo-Egyptian
1886:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1863:Bosnian Crisis
1860:
1859:
1858:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1812:Austro-Italian
1809:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1787:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1710:Martens Clause
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1665:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1592:Egyptian Lever
1579:
1577:Pax Britannica
1574:
1573:
1572:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1558:Sovereign debt
1555:
1550:
1540:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1485:Triple Entente
1482:
1481:
1480:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1452:United Kingdom
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1381:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1356:
1355:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1267:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1238:
1233:
1228:
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1793:Anglo-German
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1654:Treaties and
1415:Great powers
1281:Coat of arms
1246:Demographics
1087:Armed Forces
1063:Human rights
1043:Constitution
920:Principality
766:Bibliography
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708:. Retrieved
704:the original
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467:Serbian Army
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419:
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297:World War II
260:1878–present
2330:Opalchentsi
2027:Montenegrin
1971:World War I
1934:Balkan Wars
1919:Second Boer
1904:Banana Wars
1868:July Crisis
1799:Dreadnought
1784:Weltpolitik
1628:Pan-Slavism
1147:Agriculture
1104:Chairperson
1080:enforcement
1012:Sredna Gora
977:Earthquakes
526:opalchentsi
446:during the
289:World War I
281:Balkan Wars
60:Roman times
31:History of
2419:Categories
2248:agreements
1656:agreements
1604:Great Game
1570:Revanchism
1313:Literature
1169:(currency)
1058:Government
710:2013-05-04
316:since 1990
206:after 1413
203:Resistance
100:Golden Age
2074:Bulgarian
1619:Meiji era
1466:Alliances
1236:Languages
1226:Education
1195:Transport
1116:President
1048:Elections
987:Provinces
945:Geography
804:Bulgarian
585:Bolshevik
534:druzhinas
440:Bulgarian
432:Bulgarian
342:1893–1944
308:1946–1990
300:1941–1945
292:1915–1918
284:1912–1913
250:1877–1878
214:1762–1878
198:1396–1878
171:1371–1396
163:1300–1371
153:1273–1291
145:1274–1300
137:1230–1241
129:1185–1396
121:1018–1185
68:Dark Ages
2298:See also
1361:Category
1308:Language
1253:Religion
1162:Industry
1031:Politics
1017:Villages
878:Bulgaria
816:See also
744:(2007).
583:and the
111:968–1018
90:681–1018
33:Bulgaria
22:a series
20:Part of
1599:In Asia
1432:Germany
1352:Outline
1298:Customs
1286:Cuisine
1263:Culture
1209:Society
1190:Tourism
1135:Economy
982:Islands
925:Tsardom
887:History
680:Велкова
672:Иванова
595:Sources
573:Paribas
571:a bank
424:Russian
404:Plovdiv
181:Dobruja
103:896–927
1957:Second
1944:Second
1741:Events
1531:Trends
1447:Russia
1427:France
1366:Portal
1328:Sports
1303:Dances
1276:Cinema
1241:People
1231:Health
1157:Energy
1002:Rivers
752:
186:Lovech
63:46–681
24:on the
2105:Greek
1962:Third
1952:First
1939:First
1442:Japan
1437:Italy
1318:Music
1271:Media
1221:Crime
992:Pirin
664:Попов
559:with
519:uezds
219:Early
176:Vidin
2287:and
2048:Serb
1877:Wars
1291:wine
1167:Lev
1068:LGBT
997:Rila
750:ISBN
458:and
418:The
276:1903
268:1885
242:1876
234:1870
224:Late
1075:Law
2421::
806::
733:^
719:^
684:Й.
682:,
678:,
676:Ц.
674:,
670:,
668:В.
666:,
602:^
591:.
575:.
543:.
513:,
509:,
505:,
501:,
497:,
493:,
434::
430:,
426::
72:c.
2005:e
1998:t
1991:v
1400:e
1393:t
1386:v
870:e
863:t
856:v
758:.
713:.
422:(
387:e
380:t
373:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
