42:
940:
elastic sac. Occasionally, they sit inside the nest while it's still being built, which stretches it downward. They cover the outside with fragments of adjacent plants, including the tree the nest is made in, and add insulating materials like feathers, fur, and downy plant debris. All the adults connected to the nest, including the breeding pair and helpers, sleep there when it's in use.Typically, the couple uses the same nest for their second brood of the year. Regarding its placement, the male and female hang spiderwebs from mistletoe or other foliage to test-sites for their nests. Nest locations are typically found on tree trunks or branches, ranging in height from three to one hundred feet.
1037:
1013:
115:
737:. None of the bushtits in that location with the black ear patch are adult females; the majority of them are juvenile males with one or two dark lines on their faces rather than a whole patch. Only in the northeastern highlands Mexican highlands does the black-eared variant become more prevalent farther south; all males have a full black ear patch, and even mature females have a black arc covering their eyes and typically a black line across them.
244:
767:
805:
1049:
90:
842:
1025:
939:
Both the males and females work together to construct the hanging nest, which can take up to a month to complete. The nest features a hole near the top that goes down into the nest bowl, and it hangs up to a foot below its anchor point. Using spider webs and plant material, the adults create an
62:
990:'s nest. Remarkably, during this time, the entire Bushtit family sleeps together in their large, hanging nest, unlike most breeding birds where only one adult typically sleeps on the nest at a time. After the young birds fledge, they move to sleeping on branches.
1612:
761:
Tiny with a chubby appearance, large head, a lengthy tail, and a compact bill. Their feathers are predominantly plain shades of brown and gray, though the specific plumage colors differ based on their geographic location.
1177:
61:
5928:
290:
The
American bushtit's distinguishing characteristics are its petite size, its plump and large head, and its long tail. Its scattered range stretches from highland parts of
5923:
5973:
784:
Tiny with a long tail and short bill. They display a lighter shade of gray with gray crowns and tan cheeks, whereas those residing near the coast exhibit brown crowns.
5794:
830:
Females in southwest Texas to Mexico have a brown mask and display a shade of light brown. The mask color tends to become darker as a bushtit moves further south.
5958:
5846:
5913:
5963:
5968:
792:
Males in southwest Texas to Mexico have a black mask and display a shade of brown. The mask color tends to get darker as a bushtit moves further south.
5953:
5745:
5807:
41:
1313:
1303:
1655:
5768:
5933:
1564:
1540:
5948:
997:. If there are disturbances in the early nesting stages, they may abandon their nesting attempt and potentially seek a different
5732:
5812:
714:. The male has dark brown to black eyes while the adult female has yellow eyes. Additionally, bushtits who stay near the
5646:
114:
5943:
5683:
339:
1036:
1268:
986:-building, and both engage in rearing the young. They are aided by other adult males who bring food to the nesting
5851:
931:
environment. Group members frequently communicate with one another through what might be called brief spit calls.
729:. This feature does not occur in the northern part of the American bushtits' range and it was first seen near the
1555:
613:
5938:
5859:
5637:
1604:
1239:
646:
457:
193:
1048:
372:. The Bushtits display a unique behavior as adult males are typically the helpers that assists and raises the
1479:
1201:
2929:
1648:
967:, both the male and female Bushtits coorperate to feed and care for them for 14–18 days. They can raise 1-2
597:
471:
1489:. Pacific Coast Avifauna, Number 34. Berkeley, California: Cooper Ornithological Society. pp. 211–225.
5864:
5670:
5599:
686:
With a length of 4.3 inches and a weight of 0.18-0.21 ounces, the
American Bushtit is one of the smallest
1012:
5918:
873:
426:
295:
216:
5773:
5688:
1097:
718:
tend to have a brown "cap" or "crowns", while those further inland have a brown "mask" on their faces.
5657:
3106:
2091:
361:
3886:
4209:
3714:
3516:
928:
903:
Regarding its behavior, the
American bushtit has an active and social demeanor. This species forms
433:
79:
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1309:
726:
617:
277:
1127:"Description of twelve new species of birds, chiefly from the vicinity of the Columbia River"
4655:
3564:
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1359:
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understory. It can also be found residing in gardens and parks. Their food source is small
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of 10 to 40 birds and family members sleep together in their large, hanging nest during
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565:
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445:
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1581:, A. Poole, P. Stettenheim, F. Gill, Eds. Philadelphia: American Ornithologists Union.
960:
for 11–13 days. The egg is 0.5-0.6 inches in length and 0.4 inches in width. Once the
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485:
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453:
408:
99:
94:
1494:
Sloane, Sarah A. (1996). "Incidence and origins of nest supernumeraries at
Bushtit (
1348:"Relationships between Black-Eared and Plain-Eared Forms of Bushtits (Psaltriparus)"
1335:. Vol. 12. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 61.
1330:
1228:. Vol. 12. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 59.
1223:
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2008:
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understory. It can also be found residing in gardens and parks. It lives under the
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develop wings that are developed enough to fly, they leave the nest and sleep on
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was previously considered as a separate species due to their black ears.
466:
404:
319:
263:
146:
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5469:
5413:
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284:
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3812:
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3412:
3294:
1678:
1154:"Bushtit Identification, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology"
998:
953:
924:
920:
869:
441:
369:
335:
331:
291:
283:
that is found in United States; the other seven species are found in
136:
5786:
5593:
1511:
1364:
1347:
5724:
1395:"Bushtit Life History, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology"
1248:
Comptes Rendus
Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences
706:. Moreover, bushtits have different characteristics based on their
5719:
5531:
4669:
4606:
4599:
4126:
2718:
2424:
2193:
1988:
1877:
1690:
840:
803:
765:
734:
715:
480:
394:
389:
690:
in North
America. It is mostly gray-brown in color, with a large
5255:
983:
703:
699:
695:
691:
353:
350:
156:
5597:
3691:
2114:
1715:
1637:
982:, male and female Bushtits form pairs, actively participate in
857:
707:
323:
822:
They display grayer crowns and brown cheeks with pale eyes.
1531:
A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and
Northern Central America
603:
West-central, South United States and North-central Mexico
1131:
Journal of the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
800:
Tiny like a ping-pong ball with long tail and pale eyes.
388:
The name "bushtit" has its earliest known origins in the
725:) can be recognized from its dark ear patch, called the
993:
However, Bushtits can be sensitive during the breeding
907:
of 10 to 40 individuals of various species, including
975:
from the first brood may assist in feeding the next.
623:
South-central United States and North-central Mexico
4443:
3512:
3373:
3300:
3283:
2339:
2329:
2244:
5606:
5479:
5396:
5369:
5349:
5112:
5092:
5072:
4968:
4892:
4872:
4852:
4797:
4707:
4582:
4555:
4385:
4365:
4345:
4150:
4081:
4012:
3992:
3954:
3885:
3802:
3793:
3759:
3704:
3581:
3533:
3499:
3218:
3033:
2971:
2891:
2857:
2848:
2758:
2749:
2673:
2653:
2633:
2613:
2604:
2454:
2434:
2414:
2380:
2353:
2320:
2311:
2273:
2243:
2223:
2203:
2183:
2163:
2154:
2127:
2079:
2059:
2039:
1998:
1964:
1943:
1922:
1811:
1791:
1770:
1749:
1728:
440:, where he reported that the species inhabited the
276:in North America and it is the only species in the
1528:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1098:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22712028A132100477.en
555:Southwest United States and North Baja California
380:for its interesting breeding and mating patterns.
587:South-central Oregon to South-central California
523:Southwest Canada and the Northwest United States
448:. It is now the only species placed in the genus
436:in 1837 by American naturalist and ornithologist
5929:Fauna of the California chaparral and woodlands
1202:"Tiny Birds Crowd the Bath | Outside My Window"
1148:
1146:
1144:
1117:
1115:
412:
1649:
1416:
1414:
8:
1305:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
845:Congregating on feeder, Tumwater, Washington
1487:Life Histories of Central American Birds II
5594:
3799:
3701:
3688:
3505:
2854:
2755:
2610:
2317:
2160:
2124:
2111:
1725:
1712:
1656:
1642:
1634:
242:
88:
58:
40:
31:
5924:Native birds of the Western United States
1527:Howell, Steve N. G.; Sophie Webb (1995).
1363:
1308:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 319.
1096:
356:upon American bushtits. Bushtits live in
5974:Birds of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
1277:"Bushtits, leaf warblers, reed warblers"
744:
497:
1065:
1008:
1244:"Sur deux espèce nouvelles de Paridae"
432:was given to the bushtit after it was
1283:. International Ornithologists' Union
1263:
1261:
948:Female Bushtits lay plain white oval
7:
5959:Birds of the Sierra Madre Occidental
1329:Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1986).
1222:Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1986).
5914:IUCN Red List least concern species
1084:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
452:that was introduced in 1850 by the
5964:Birds of the Sierra Madre Oriental
577:Psaltriparus minimus californicus'
25:
5969:Birds of the Sierra Madre del Sur
5954:Taxa named by John Kirk Townsend
1332:Check-List of Birds of the World
1281:IOC World Bird List Version 11.2
1225:Check-List of Birds of the World
1047:
1035:
1023:
1011:
609:Psaltriparus minimus dimorphicus
306:, the lowlands and foothills of
113:
1073:BirdLife International (2018).
642:Psaltriparus minimus personatus
399:which stands for titmouse. The
658:Psaltriparus minimus melanotis
545:Psaltriparus minimus melanurus
539:Coastal Western United States
513:Psaltriparus minimus saturatus
376:; hence it has intrigued many
1:
952:in batches of 4-10, but both
593:Psaltriparus minimus plumbeus
5774:bushtit-psaltriparus-minimus
1615:at VIREO (Drexel University)
1595:– Cornell Lab of Ornithology
956:share the responsibility of
852:usually inhabits mixed open
812:in Western Washington state.
774:in Western Washington state.
561:Psaltriparus minimus grindae
529:Psaltriparus minimus minimus
340:mixed-species feeding flocks
318:usually inhabits mixed open
272:. It is one of the smallest
1535:. Oxford University Press.
668:South Mexico and Guatemala
417:, meaning something small.
53:, British Columbia, Canada
5990:
1302:Jobling, James A. (2010).
629:Psaltriparus minimus iulus
3700:
3687:
3508:
2123:
2110:
1724:
1711:
1673:
1619:Interactive range map of
1556:The Sibley Guide to Birds
1445:Bird, Alex (2019-01-24).
1240:Bonaparte, Charles Lucien
1091:: e.T22712028A132100477.
827:Female (Melanotis group)
802:
764:
241:
222:
215:
110:Scientific classification
108:
86:
77:
69:
57:
48:
39:
34:
5934:Birds of the Great Basin
1668:and their extinct allies
1605:Internet Bird Collection
1346:Raitt, Ralph J. (1967).
636:West and Central Mexico
458:Charles Lucien Bonaparte
5949:Birds described in 1837
1593:Bushtit species account
896:, southern Mexico, and
789:Male (Melanotis group)
484:that was introduced by
470:that was introduced by
413:
310:, southern Mexico, and
266:belonging to the genus
1579:Birds of North America
1480:"Black-eared bush-tit"
1054:Pleasanton, California
846:
813:
810:(Psaltriparus minimus)
775:
772:(Psaltriparus minimus)
571:South Baja California
488:in 1758 for the tits.
1613:Bushtit photo gallery
1573:Sloane, S.A. (2001).
1451:Bird Watching Academy
1399:www.allaboutbirds.org
1182:www.oiseaux-birds.com
1158:www.allaboutbirds.org
874:western United States
844:
807:
769:
652:South-Central Mexico
296:Western United States
5891:Psaltriparus-minimus
5638:Psaltriparus minimus
5608:Psaltriparus minimus
1621:Psaltriparus minimus
1496:Psaltriparus minimus
1476:Skutch, Alexander F.
1422:"Bushtit Fact Sheet"
1275:, eds. (July 2021).
1077:Psaltriparus minimus
702:, and small, stubby
434:originally described
259:Psaltriparus minimus
226:Psaltriparus minimus
1123:Townsend, John Kirk
464:combines the genus
256:or simply bushtit (
80:Conservation status
5944:Birds of Guatemala
1626:IUCN Red List maps
1271:; Donsker, David;
971:a year, and older
847:
819:Female (Interior)
814:
776:
552:& Swarth, 1926
438:John Kirk Townsend
347:sharp-shinned hawk
5901:
5900:
5600:Taxon identifiers
5591:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5583:
5582:
4894:Paradoxornithidae
3988:
3987:
3683:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3214:
3213:
2967:
2966:
2600:
2599:
2307:
2306:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2101:
1315:978-1-4081-2501-4
1273:Rasmussen, Pamela
856:, which contains
834:
833:
797:Female (Pacific)
672:
671:
472:Coenraad Temminck
460:. The genus name
364:season. Once the
322:, which contains
250:
249:
197:
103:
63:
35:American bushtit
16:(Redirected from
5981:
5894:
5893:
5881:
5880:
5868:
5867:
5855:
5854:
5842:
5841:
5829:
5828:
5816:
5815:
5803:
5802:
5790:
5789:
5777:
5776:
5764:
5763:
5754:
5753:
5741:
5740:
5728:
5727:
5715:
5714:
5702:
5701:
5692:
5691:
5679:
5678:
5666:
5665:
5653:
5652:
5642:
5641:
5640:
5627:
5626:
5625:
5595:
4445:
3800:
3702:
3689:
3514:
3506:
3375:
3302:
3285:
2855:
2756:
2611:
2341:
2331:
2318:
2246:
2161:
2125:
2112:
1726:
1713:
1658:
1651:
1644:
1635:
1609:
1570:
1546:
1534:
1523:
1490:
1484:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1418:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1391:
1378:
1377:
1367:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1265:
1256:
1255:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1188:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1150:
1139:
1138:
1119:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1100:
1070:
1051:
1039:
1027:
1015:
781:Male (Interior)
745:
721:The subspecies (
498:
474:in 1836 for the
416:
254:American bushtit
246:
228:
192:
118:
117:
97:
92:
91:
65:
64:
44:
32:
21:
5989:
5988:
5984:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5978:
5939:Birds of Mexico
5904:
5903:
5902:
5897:
5889:
5884:
5876:
5873:Observation.org
5871:
5863:
5858:
5850:
5845:
5837:
5832:
5824:
5819:
5811:
5806:
5798:
5793:
5785:
5780:
5772:
5767:
5759:
5757:
5749:
5744:
5736:
5731:
5723:
5718:
5710:
5705:
5697:
5695:
5687:
5682:
5674:
5669:
5661:
5656:
5650:
5645:
5636:
5635:
5630:
5621:
5620:
5615:
5602:
5592:
5579:
5553:Tephrozosterops
5475:
5392:
5365:
5345:
5108:
5088:
5068:
4964:
4888:
4868:
4848:
4793:
4703:
4578:
4551:
4381:
4367:Erythrocercidae
4361:
4341:
4146:
4077:
4037:Cryptosylvicola
4008:
3984:
3950:
3881:
3789:
3755:
3696:
3667:
3577:
3529:
3495:
3210:
3029:
2963:
2887:
2844:
2745:
2669:
2649:
2629:
2596:
2465:Campylorhynchus
2450:
2430:
2410:
2376:
2349:
2303:
2275:Ptiliogonatidae
2269:
2239:
2219:
2199:
2179:
2150:
2119:
2098:
2075:
2055:
2035:
1994:
1960:
1939:
1918:
1807:
1787:
1766:
1745:
1720:
1707:
1669:
1662:
1631:
1600:"Bushtit media"
1598:
1589:
1584:
1567:
1549:
1543:
1526:
1512:10.2307/4088855
1493:
1482:
1474:
1470:
1468:Further reading
1465:
1464:
1455:
1453:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1430:
1428:
1420:
1419:
1412:
1403:
1401:
1393:
1392:
1381:
1365:10.2307/4083332
1345:
1344:
1340:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1316:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1286:
1284:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1207:
1205:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1186:
1184:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1162:
1160:
1152:
1151:
1142:
1121:
1120:
1113:
1103:
1101:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1055:
1052:
1043:
1040:
1031:
1028:
1019:
1016:
1007:
980:breeding season
946:
937:
839:
808:Female Bushtit
758:Male (Pacific)
748:Identification
743:
741:Identifications
723:P. m. melanotis
684:
676:P. m. melanotis
674:The subspecies
507:Breeding range
427:scientific name
423:
407:comes from the
386:
237:
230:
224:
211:
208:P. minimus
191:
112:
104:
93:
89:
82:
59:
28:
27:Species of bird
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5987:
5985:
5977:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5906:
5905:
5899:
5898:
5896:
5895:
5882:
5869:
5856:
5843:
5830:
5817:
5804:
5791:
5778:
5765:
5755:
5742:
5729:
5716:
5703:
5693:
5680:
5667:
5654:
5643:
5628:
5612:
5610:
5604:
5603:
5598:
5589:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5581:
5580:
5578:
5577:
5570:
5563:
5556:
5549:
5542:
5535:
5528:
5521:
5514:
5507:
5500:
5493:
5485:
5483:
5477:
5476:
5474:
5473:
5466:
5459:
5452:
5445:
5438:
5431:
5424:
5417:
5410:
5402:
5400:
5394:
5393:
5391:
5390:
5383:
5375:
5373:
5367:
5366:
5364:
5363:
5355:
5353:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5343:
5336:
5333:Thescelocichla
5329:
5322:
5315:
5308:
5301:
5294:
5287:
5284:Phyllastrephus
5280:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5210:
5203:
5196:
5189:
5182:
5175:
5168:
5161:
5154:
5147:
5140:
5133:
5126:
5118:
5116:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5098:
5096:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5086:
5078:
5076:
5074:Phylloscopidae
5070:
5069:
5067:
5066:
5059:
5052:
5045:
5038:
5031:
5024:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4982:
4979:Gampsorhynchus
4974:
4972:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4962:
4955:
4948:
4941:
4934:
4927:
4920:
4913:
4906:
4898:
4896:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4886:
4878:
4876:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4866:
4858:
4856:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4839:
4832:
4825:
4818:
4811:
4803:
4801:
4799:Macrosphenidae
4795:
4794:
4792:
4791:
4784:
4777:
4770:
4763:
4756:
4749:
4742:
4735:
4728:
4721:
4713:
4711:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4701:
4694:
4691:Trochalopteron
4687:
4680:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4617:
4610:
4603:
4596:
4588:
4586:
4584:Leiothrichidae
4580:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4569:
4561:
4559:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4542:
4539:Stelgidopteryx
4535:
4528:
4521:
4514:
4511:Pseudochelidon
4507:
4500:
4493:
4486:
4479:
4472:
4465:
4458:
4451:
4441:
4434:
4427:
4420:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4391:
4389:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4379:
4371:
4369:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4351:
4349:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4332:
4325:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4297:
4290:
4283:
4276:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4241:
4234:
4227:
4220:
4213:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4178:
4171:
4164:
4156:
4154:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4137:
4130:
4123:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4087:
4085:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4018:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
3998:
3996:
3990:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3975:
3968:
3960:
3958:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3948:
3941:
3934:
3927:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3899:
3891:
3889:
3887:Certhilaudinae
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3858:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3816:
3808:
3806:
3797:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3765:
3763:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3732:
3725:
3722:Calamonastides
3718:
3710:
3708:
3706:Acrocephalidae
3698:
3697:
3692:
3685:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3644:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3599:Chlamydochaera
3595:
3587:
3585:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3575:
3568:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3539:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3520:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3308:
3298:
3291:
3281:
3274:
3271:Cinnyricinclus
3267:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3224:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3039:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2992:
2985:
2977:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2897:
2895:
2889:
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2886:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2863:
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2835:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:
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2753:
2747:
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2744:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2722:
2715:
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2701:
2694:
2687:
2679:
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2671:
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2659:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2639:
2637:
2631:
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2602:
2601:
2598:
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2566:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2538:
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2524:
2517:
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2503:
2496:
2489:
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2451:
2449:
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2394:
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2374:
2367:
2359:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2337:
2326:
2324:
2322:incertae sedis
2315:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2279:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2260:
2252:
2250:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2229:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2189:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2169:
2167:
2158:
2156:Bombycilloidea
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2141:
2133:
2131:
2121:
2120:
2115:
2108:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2085:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2065:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2045:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2004:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1970:
1968:
1962:
1961:
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1937:
1929:
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1596:
1588:
1587:External links
1585:
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1524:
1491:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1463:
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1379:
1358:(4): 503–528.
1338:
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1257:
1231:
1214:
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1111:
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1003:
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933:
860:and a scrubby
838:
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831:
828:
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731:Mexican border
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541:
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531:
525:
524:
521:
515:
509:
508:
505:
502:
446:Columbia River
422:
419:
385:
382:
326:and a scrubby
262:) is a social
248:
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37:
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26:
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3:
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5986:
5975:
5972:
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5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5911:
5909:
5892:
5887:
5883:
5879:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5861:
5857:
5853:
5848:
5844:
5840:
5835:
5831:
5827:
5822:
5818:
5814:
5809:
5805:
5801:
5796:
5792:
5788:
5783:
5779:
5775:
5770:
5766:
5762:
5756:
5752:
5747:
5743:
5739:
5734:
5730:
5726:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5708:
5704:
5700:
5694:
5690:
5685:
5681:
5677:
5672:
5668:
5664:
5659:
5655:
5648:
5644:
5639:
5633:
5629:
5624:
5618:
5614:
5613:
5611:
5609:
5605:
5601:
5596:
5576:
5575:
5571:
5569:
5568:
5564:
5562:
5561:
5557:
5555:
5554:
5550:
5548:
5547:
5546:Sterrhoptilus
5543:
5541:
5540:
5536:
5534:
5533:
5529:
5527:
5526:
5522:
5520:
5519:
5518:Megazosterops
5515:
5513:
5512:
5508:
5506:
5505:
5501:
5499:
5498:
5494:
5492:
5491:
5487:
5486:
5484:
5482:
5478:
5472:
5471:
5467:
5465:
5464:
5460:
5458:
5457:
5453:
5451:
5450:
5446:
5444:
5443:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5432:
5430:
5429:
5425:
5423:
5422:
5418:
5416:
5415:
5411:
5409:
5408:
5404:
5403:
5401:
5399:
5395:
5389:
5388:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5377:
5376:
5374:
5372:
5368:
5362:
5361:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5352:
5351:Scotocercidae
5348:
5342:
5341:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5330:
5328:
5327:
5323:
5321:
5320:
5316:
5314:
5313:
5309:
5307:
5306:
5302:
5300:
5299:
5295:
5293:
5292:
5288:
5286:
5285:
5281:
5279:
5278:
5274:
5272:
5271:
5267:
5265:
5264:
5260:
5258:
5257:
5253:
5251:
5250:
5246:
5244:
5243:
5239:
5237:
5236:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5225:
5223:
5222:
5218:
5216:
5215:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5204:
5202:
5201:
5197:
5195:
5194:
5190:
5188:
5187:
5186:Calyptocichla
5183:
5181:
5180:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5162:
5160:
5159:
5158:Arizelocichla
5155:
5153:
5152:
5148:
5146:
5145:
5144:Altimastillas
5141:
5139:
5138:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5111:
5105:
5104:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5095:
5091:
5085:
5084:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5075:
5071:
5065:
5064:
5060:
5058:
5057:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5025:
5023:
5022:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5004:
5002:
5001:
4997:
4995:
4994:
4990:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4981:
4980:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4971:
4967:
4961:
4960:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4885:
4884:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4871:
4865:
4864:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4855:
4851:
4845:
4844:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4833:
4831:
4830:
4826:
4824:
4823:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4805:
4804:
4802:
4800:
4796:
4790:
4789:
4785:
4783:
4782:
4778:
4776:
4775:
4771:
4769:
4768:
4764:
4762:
4761:
4757:
4755:
4754:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4743:
4741:
4740:
4736:
4734:
4733:
4732:Cincloramphus
4729:
4727:
4726:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4715:
4714:
4712:
4710:
4709:Locustellidae
4706:
4700:
4699:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4681:
4679:
4678:
4674:
4672:
4671:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4660:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4646:
4644:
4643:
4639:
4637:
4636:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4621:Grammatoptila
4618:
4616:
4615:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4595:
4594:
4590:
4589:
4587:
4585:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4558:
4554:
4548:
4547:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4536:
4534:
4533:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4522:
4520:
4519:
4515:
4513:
4512:
4508:
4506:
4505:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4497:Psalidoprocne
4494:
4492:
4491:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4480:
4478:
4477:
4473:
4471:
4470:
4469:Petrochelidon
4466:
4464:
4463:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4442:
4440:
4439:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4398:
4397:
4396:Alopochelidon
4393:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4384:
4378:
4377:
4376:Erythrocercus
4373:
4372:
4370:
4368:
4364:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4326:
4324:
4323:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4291:
4289:
4288:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4252:Micromacronus
4249:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4158:
4157:
4155:
4153:
4149:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4136:
4135:
4131:
4129:
4128:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4103:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4005:
4004:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3995:
3991:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3972:Heteromirafra
3969:
3967:
3966:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3953:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3877:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3869:Melanocorypha
3866:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3857:
3856:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3817:
3815:
3814:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3690:
3686:
3664:
3663:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3589:
3588:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3562:
3560:
3559:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3517:Meridiocichla
3511:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3455:Speculipastor
3452:
3450:
3449:
3448:Scissirostrum
3445:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3399:Onychognathus
3396:
3394:
3393:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3156:Myrmecocichla
3153:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3100:Heteroxenicus
3097:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3058:Campicoloides
3055:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3007:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2839:Xenocopsychus
2836:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2733:Ramphocinclus
2730:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2691:Cinclocerthia
2688:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2606:Muscicapoidea
2603:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2535:Odontorchilus
2532:
2530:
2529:
2528:Microcerculus
2525:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2456:Troglodytidae
2453:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2436:Tichodromidae
2433:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2382:Polioptilidae
2379:
2373:
2372:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2344:Kischinskinia
2338:
2336:
2335:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2205:Hylocitreidae
2202:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2165:Bombycillidae
2162:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2113:
2109:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
2000:Stenostiridae
1997:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1924:Picathartidae
1921:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1901:
1900:
1899:Pseudopodoces
1896:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1751:Chloropseidae
1748:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1659:
1654:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1566:0-679-45122-6
1562:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1551:Sibley, David
1548:
1544:
1542:0-19-854012-4
1538:
1533:
1532:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1452:
1448:
1441:
1438:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1400:
1396:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1342:
1339:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1298:
1295:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1250:(in French).
1249:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1218:
1215:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1069:
1066:
1059:
1050:
1045:
1038:
1033:
1026:
1021:
1014:
1009:
1004:
1002:
1000:
996:
991:
989:
985:
981:
976:
974:
970:
966:
963:
959:
955:
951:
943:
941:
934:
932:
930:
929:mixed-species
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
901:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
843:
836:
829:
826:
825:
821:
818:
817:
811:
806:
799:
796:
795:
791:
788:
787:
783:
780:
779:
773:
770:Male Bushtit
768:
760:
757:
756:
753:
750:
747:
746:
740:
738:
736:
732:
728:
724:
719:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
681:
679:
677:
667:
664:
661:
659:
656:
655:
651:
648:
645:
643:
640:
639:
635:
632:
630:
627:
626:
622:
619:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
602:
599:
596:
594:
591:
590:
586:
583:
580:
578:
575:
574:
570:
567:
564:
562:
559:
558:
554:
551:
548:
546:
543:
542:
538:
535:
532:
530:
527:
526:
522:
519:
516:
514:
511:
510:
506:
503:
500:
499:
496:
494:
491:There are 10
489:
487:
486:Carl Linnaeus
483:
482:
477:
476:pygmy bushtit
473:
469:
468:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
430:Parus minimus
428:
420:
418:
415:
410:
409:Old Icelandic
406:
402:
398:
396:
391:
383:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
352:
348:
343:
341:
337:
334:, primarily,
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
288:
286:
282:
279:
275:
271:
270:
265:
261:
260:
255:
245:
240:
235:
229:
227:
221:
218:
217:Binomial name
214:
210:
209:
204:
201:
200:
195:
190:
189:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
172:
171:
168:
167:Passeriformes
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
116:
111:
107:
101:
96:
95:Least Concern
85:
81:
76:
73:
68:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
5919:Psaltriparus
5663:Psaltriparus
5607:
5572:
5565:
5558:
5551:
5544:
5537:
5530:
5523:
5516:
5509:
5504:Dasycrotapha
5502:
5495:
5488:
5481:Zosteropidae
5468:
5461:
5454:
5449:Pomatorhinus
5447:
5440:
5435:Melanocichla
5433:
5426:
5421:Erythrogenys
5419:
5412:
5405:
5385:
5378:
5358:
5340:Tricholestes
5338:
5331:
5326:Stelgidillas
5324:
5317:
5310:
5303:
5296:
5289:
5282:
5275:
5268:
5261:
5254:
5247:
5240:
5233:
5226:
5219:
5212:
5205:
5198:
5193:Chlorocichla
5191:
5184:
5179:Brachypodius
5177:
5170:
5163:
5156:
5149:
5142:
5135:
5128:
5121:
5114:Pycnonotidae
5101:
5083:Phylloscopus
5081:
5061:
5056:Schoeniparus
5054:
5047:
5040:
5033:
5028:Malacopteron
5026:
5021:Malacocincla
5019:
5012:
5005:
4998:
4991:
4984:
4977:
4970:Pellorneidae
4957:
4950:
4945:Paradoxornis
4943:
4936:
4929:
4922:
4915:
4908:
4901:
4881:
4861:
4841:
4834:
4827:
4822:Macrosphenus
4820:
4813:
4806:
4786:
4779:
4772:
4765:
4758:
4751:
4744:
4737:
4730:
4723:
4716:
4696:
4689:
4682:
4675:
4668:
4661:
4654:
4647:
4640:
4635:Ianthocincla
4633:
4628:Heterophasia
4626:
4619:
4612:
4605:
4598:
4591:
4571:
4564:
4544:
4537:
4530:
4525:Pygochelidon
4523:
4518:Ptyonoprogne
4516:
4509:
4504:Pseudhirundo
4502:
4495:
4488:
4481:
4474:
4467:
4460:
4453:
4446:
4436:
4429:
4422:
4415:
4408:
4401:
4394:
4387:Hirundinidae
4374:
4354:
4347:Donacobiidae
4334:
4327:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4236:
4229:
4222:
4215:
4208:
4201:
4194:
4187:
4182:Calamonastes
4180:
4175:Bathmocercus
4173:
4166:
4159:
4152:Cisticolidae
4139:
4132:
4125:
4120:Phyllergates
4118:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4001:
3977:
3970:
3965:Calendulauda
3963:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3910:Ammomanopsis
3908:
3901:
3894:
3874:
3867:
3860:
3853:
3846:
3839:
3834:Chersophilus
3832:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3784:Psaltriparus
3782:
3777:Leptopoecile
3775:
3768:
3761:Aegithalidae
3748:
3741:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3715:Acrocephalus
3713:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3639:
3632:
3625:
3620:Entomodestes
3618:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3590:
3570:
3563:
3558:Neocossyphus
3556:
3549:
3542:
3522:
3515:
3488:
3481:
3474:
3469:Streptocitta
3467:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3432:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3390:
3383:
3376:
3366:
3359:
3354:Lamprotornis
3352:
3345:
3338:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3312:Goodfellowia
3310:
3303:
3293:
3286:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3229:Acridotheres
3227:
3203:
3196:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3147:
3140:
3133:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3077:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3044:Brachypteryx
3042:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2900:
2880:
2875:Cercotrichas
2873:
2866:
2850:Muscicapinae
2837:
2832:Swynnertonia
2830:
2823:
2816:
2811:Pogonocichla
2809:
2802:
2795:
2790:Cossyphicula
2788:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2751:Muscicapidae
2738:
2731:
2724:
2717:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2662:
2642:
2622:
2589:
2582:
2575:
2570:Thryorchilus
2568:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2542:Pheugopedius
2540:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2486:Cinnycerthia
2484:
2477:
2472:Cantorchilus
2470:
2463:
2443:
2423:
2405:Ramphocaenus
2403:
2396:
2389:
2369:
2362:
2342:
2332:
2321:
2296:
2289:
2282:
2262:
2255:
2232:
2225:Hypocoliidae
2212:
2192:
2172:
2143:
2136:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2009:Chelidorhynx
2007:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1953:
1945:Promeropidae
1932:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1871:Pardaliparus
1869:
1864:Melanochlora
1862:
1855:
1850:Machlolophus
1848:
1841:
1836:Cephalopyrus
1834:
1827:
1820:
1800:
1780:
1759:
1738:
1701:Infraorder:
1630:
1620:
1603:
1578:
1574:
1554:
1530:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1486:
1454:. Retrieved
1450:
1440:
1429:. Retrieved
1425:
1402:. Retrieved
1398:
1355:
1351:
1341:
1331:
1324:
1304:
1297:
1285:. Retrieved
1280:
1251:
1247:
1234:
1224:
1217:
1206:. Retrieved
1204:. 2020-01-31
1196:
1185:. Retrieved
1181:
1172:
1161:. Retrieved
1157:
1134:
1130:
1102:. Retrieved
1088:
1082:
1076:
1068:
992:
977:
947:
938:
902:
849:
848:
809:
771:
751:Description
733:, mainly in
722:
720:
685:
675:
673:
657:
641:
628:
608:
592:
576:
560:
544:
528:
512:
495:recognized:
490:
479:
465:
462:Psaltriparus
461:
450:Psaltriparus
449:
429:
424:
400:
393:
387:
344:
315:
289:
281:Aegithalidae
269:Psaltriparus
267:
258:
257:
253:
251:
225:
223:
207:
206:
188:Psaltriparus
187:
186:
177:Aegithalidae
71:
70:Song of the
29:
18:Psaltriparus
5860:Neotropical
5834:NatureServe
5782:iNaturalist
5632:Wikispecies
5574:Zosterornis
5490:Apalopteron
5456:Spelaeornis
5291:Poliolophus
5263:Microtarsus
5094:Pnoepygidae
5049:Ptilocichla
4986:Graminicola
4952:Rhopophilus
4854:Nicatoridae
4836:Sphenoeacus
4788:Schoenicola
4746:Helopsaltes
4739:Elaphrornis
4718:Bradypterus
4684:Pterorhinus
4677:Montecincla
4573:Pholidornis
4546:Tachycineta
4483:Phedinopsis
4462:Orochelidon
4448:Miochelidon
4322:Schistolais
4315:Scepomycter
4273:Oreophilais
4203:Drymocichla
4189:Camaroptera
4072:Xanthomixis
4014:Bernieridae
3994:Alcippeidae
3945:Ramphocoris
3938:Pinarocorys
3931:Eremopterix
3924:Chersomanes
3917:Certhilauda
3827:Calandrella
3535:Myadestinae
3340:Hartlaubius
3278:Creatophora
3257:Arizelopsar
3177:Pinarochroa
3170:Phoenicurus
3035:Saxicolinae
3010:Leucoptilon
2937:Melaenornis
2893:Muscicapini
2825:Stiphrornis
2797:Dessonornis
2769:Chamaetylas
2760:Erithacinae
2726:Oreoscoptes
2655:Elachuridae
2584:Troglodytes
2577:Thryothorus
2563:Thryophilus
2521:Hylorchilus
2514:Henicorhina
2500:Cyphorhinus
2493:Cistothorus
2313:Certhioidea
2298:Ptiliogonys
2291:Phainoptila
2284:Phainopepla
2257:Chaetoptila
2117:Muscicapida
2092:Passeroidea
2081:Passeroidea
2070:See below ↓
2050:See below ↓
2041:Muscicapida
1975:Anthoscopus
1934:Picathartes
1857:Melaniparus
1843:Lophophanes
1730:Chaetopidae
1506:: 757–770.
1269:Gill, Frank
1254:: 478–479 .
1137:: 187–192 .
1104:12 November
978:During the
882:Great Basin
682:Description
501:Subspecies
456:naturalist
378:naturalists
304:Great Basin
5908:Categories
5886:Xeno-canto
5525:Parayuhina
5497:Cleptornis
5407:Cyanoderma
5398:Timaliidae
5360:Scotocerca
5298:Pycnonotus
5228:Hypsipetes
5207:Euptilotus
5151:Andropadus
5137:Alophoixus
5123:Acritillas
5042:Pellorneum
5000:Illadopsis
4993:Gypsophila
4829:Melocichla
4815:Cryptillas
4753:Locustella
4593:Actinodura
4455:Neophedina
4424:Cheramoeca
4356:Donacobius
4329:Spiloptila
4294:Phyllolais
4287:Phragmacia
4280:Orthotomus
4231:Hypergerus
4168:Artisornis
4092:Abroscopus
4065:Thamnornis
4044:Hartertula
4030:Crossleyia
3956:Mirafrinae
3876:Spizocorys
3848:Eremophila
3841:Eremalauda
3770:Aegithalos
3729:Chloropeta
3694:Sylvioidea
3634:Hylocichla
3606:Cichlopsis
3572:Stizorhina
3524:Pinarornis
3483:Sturnornis
3462:Spodiopsar
3441:Saroglossa
3427:Rhabdornis
3392:Notopholia
3305:Fregilupus
3288:Cryptopsar
3264:Basilornis
3243:Ampeliceps
3198:Thamnolaea
3121:Leonardina
3093:Heinrichia
3072:Emarginata
3065:Cinclidium
2989:Cyanoptila
2973:Niltavinae
2951:Namibornis
2916:Empidornis
2859:Copsychini
2818:Sheppardia
2776:Cichladusa
2615:Buphagidae
2556:Thryomanes
2549:Salpinctes
2445:Tichodroma
2398:Polioptila
2391:Microbates
2355:Certhiidae
2234:Hypocolius
2214:Hylocitrea
2174:Bombycilla
2061:Sylvioidea
2030:Stenostira
2016:Culicicapa
1913:Sylviparus
1906:Sittiparus
1822:Baeolophus
1772:Hyliotidae
1761:Chloropsis
1695:Suborder:
1666:passerides
1664:Genera of
1498:) nests".
1456:2023-10-22
1431:2023-10-22
1426:The Spruce
1404:2023-10-22
1287:7 December
1208:2023-10-22
1187:2023-10-22
1163:2023-10-22
1060:References
958:incubation
909:chickadees
894:California
880:, via the
688:passerines
633:Jouy, 1894
614:Van Rossem
536:, JK, 1837
504:Authority
493:subspecies
366:offsprings
349:and other
308:California
302:, via the
274:passerines
72:P. minimus
51:Chilliwack
5567:Zosterops
5463:Stachyris
5371:Sylviidae
5270:Neolestes
5165:Baeopogon
5035:Napothera
5014:Laticilla
4910:Chrysomma
4874:Panuridae
4843:Sylvietta
4808:Achaetops
4781:Robsonius
4767:Megalurus
4725:Catriscus
4698:Turdoides
4663:Liocichla
4656:Leiothrix
4649:Leioptila
4642:Laniellus
4403:Atronanus
4301:Poliolais
4224:Euryptila
4217:Eremomela
4196:Cisticola
4141:Urosphena
4134:Tickellia
4106:Hemitesia
4083:Cettiidae
4023:Bernieria
3903:Ammomanes
3804:Alaudinae
3795:Alaudidae
3736:Hippolais
3641:Ridgwayia
3627:Geokichla
3551:Myadestes
3420:Poeoptera
3385:Neocichla
3378:Necropsar
3361:Leucopsar
3326:Gracupica
3220:Sturnidae
3205:Vauriella
3149:Myophonus
3135:Monticola
3114:Larvivora
3024:Sholicola
2944:Muscicapa
2930:Humblotia
2909:Bradornis
2882:Copsychus
2804:Erithacus
2740:Toxostoma
2712:Melanotis
2705:Margarops
2698:Dumetella
2635:Cinclidae
2479:Catherpes
2371:Salpornis
2334:Certhiops
2138:Corthylio
2129:Regulidae
1982:Auriparus
1966:Remizidae
1955:Promerops
1885:Periparus
1829:Cyanistes
1718:Passerida
1703:Passerida
1677:Kingdom:
1559:. Knopf.
1447:"Bushtit"
1178:"Bushtit"
919:for tiny
898:Guatemala
890:foothills
878:Vancouver
868:parts of
862:chaparral
854:woodlands
727:auricular
647:Bonaparte
618:Hachisuka
598:Baird, SF
384:Etymology
374:nestlings
328:chaparral
320:woodlands
312:Guatemala
300:Vancouver
202:Species:
194:Bonaparte
133:Kingdom:
127:Eukaryota
5839:2.102220
5826:22712028
5800:10197140
5676:22712028
5671:BirdLife
5623:Q2746307
5617:Wikidata
5539:Staphida
5442:Mixornis
5428:Macronus
5319:Spizixos
5312:Setornis
5305:Rubigula
5249:Ixonotus
5214:Eurillas
5200:Criniger
5103:Pnoepyga
5063:Turdinus
4938:Myzornis
4931:Moupinia
4924:Lioparus
4917:Fulvetta
4774:Poodytes
4614:Garrulax
4557:Hyliidae
4431:Delichon
4417:Cecropis
4410:Atticora
4266:Oreolais
4259:Neomixis
4245:Malcorus
4113:Horornis
4051:Oxylabes
3855:Galerida
3820:Alaudala
3750:Nesillas
3662:Zoothera
3592:Catharus
3583:Turdinae
3544:Grandala
3501:Turdidae
3347:Hylopsar
3333:Grafisia
3236:Agropsar
3191:Tarsiger
3184:Saxicola
3163:Oenanthe
3142:Myiomela
3128:Luscinia
3086:Ficedula
3079:Enicurus
3051:Calliope
2982:Anthipes
2923:Fraseria
2902:Agricola
2783:Cossypha
2664:Elachura
2624:Buphagus
2591:Uropsila
2507:Ferminia
2416:Sittidae
2248:Mohoidae
1793:Irenidae
1740:Chaetops
1685:Chordata
1683:Phylum:
1679:Animalia
1553:(2000).
1478:(1960).
1242:(1850).
1125:(1837).
973:siblings
944:Breeding
913:warblers
886:lowlands
872:and the
866:highland
850:Bushtits
837:Behavior
712:habitats
694:, short
663:Hartlaub
550:Grinnell
534:Townsend
467:Psaltria
421:Taxonomy
405:titmouse
370:branches
362:breeding
316:Bushtits
294:and the
264:songbird
234:Townsend
173:Family:
147:Chordata
143:Phylum:
137:Animalia
123:Domain:
100:IUCN 3.1
5761:bushtit
5751:2494988
5470:Timalia
5414:Dumetia
5380:Curruca
5221:Hemixos
5130:Alcurus
5007:Kenopia
4959:Suthora
4903:Chamaea
4883:Panurus
4863:Nicator
4532:Riparia
4476:Phedina
4438:Hirundo
4336:Urolais
4003:Alcippe
3979:Mirafra
3896:Alaemon
3862:Lullula
3648:Ixoreus
3490:Sturnus
3476:Sturnia
3434:Sarcops
3319:Gracula
3250:Aplonis
3017:Niltava
3003:Eumyias
2996:Cyornis
2958:Sigelus
2684:Allenia
2675:Mimidae
2644:Cinclus
2364:Certhia
2185:Dulidae
2145:Regulus
2023:Elminia
1892:Poecile
1813:Paridae
1782:Hyliota
1697:Passeri
1689:Class:
1575:Bushtit
1520:4088855
1374:4083332
1352:The Auk
1005:Gallery
995:process
954:parents
935:Nesting
925:spiders
921:insects
698:, long
582:Ridgway
566:Ridgway
518:Ridgway
444:of the
442:forests
336:spiders
332:insects
285:Eurasia
236:, 1837)
183:Genus:
163:Order:
153:Class:
98: (
5865:bushti
5813:178764
5758:GNAB:
5733:EURING
5725:bushti
5699:bushti
5651:bushti
5560:Yuhina
5511:Heleia
5387:Sylvia
5242:Ixodia
4490:Progne
4308:Prinia
4238:Incana
4210:Eminia
4161:Apalis
4099:Cettia
4058:Randia
3813:Alauda
3655:Turdus
3613:Cochoa
3565:Sialia
3413:Pholia
3406:Pastor
3295:Enodes
3107:Irania
2868:Alethe
1563:
1539:
1518:
1372:
1312:
969:broods
962:chicks
917:forage
905:flocks
884:, the
870:Mexico
665:, 1844
649:, 1850
620:, 1938
616:&
600:, 1854
584:, 1884
568:, 1883
520:, 1903
454:French
358:flocks
292:Mexico
278:family
196:, 1850
5878:76660
5852:88120
5795:IRMNG
5738:14310
5720:eBird
5712:4NB5F
5696:BOW:
5532:Rukia
5172:Bleda
4760:Malia
4670:Minla
4607:Cutia
4600:Argya
4566:Hylia
4127:Tesia
3743:Iduna
2719:Mimus
2425:Sitta
2194:Dulus
1989:Remiz
1878:Parus
1802:Irena
1577:. In
1516:JSTOR
1483:(PDF)
1370:JSTOR
965:hatch
915:, to
735:Texas
716:coast
481:Parus
478:with
411:word
395:parus
392:word
390:Latin
351:birds
5847:NCBI
5821:IUCN
5808:ITIS
5787:7266
5746:GBIF
5689:9646
5684:BOLD
5256:Ixos
5235:Iole
3368:Mino
2264:Moho
2090:See
1691:Aves
1561:ISBN
1537:ISBN
1310:ISBN
1289:2021
1106:2021
1089:2018
1042:Nest
1030:Nest
1018:Nest
999:mate
988:pair
984:nest
950:eggs
923:and
911:and
888:and
858:oaks
710:and
704:beak
700:tail
696:neck
692:head
425:The
414:titr
354:prey
345:The
324:oaks
252:The
157:Aves
5769:IBC
5707:CoL
5658:ADW
5647:ABA
5277:Nok
1624:at
1508:doi
1504:113
1500:Auk
1360:doi
1093:doi
927:in
892:of
876:to
708:sex
403:in
401:tit
338:in
298:to
49:In
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5784::
5771::
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5722::
5709::
5686::
5673::
5660::
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5634::
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1602:.
1514:.
1502:.
1485:.
1449:.
1424:.
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1397:.
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1368:.
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1354:.
1350:.
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1252:31
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1133:.
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1087:.
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1001:.
900:.
342:.
314:.
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4444:†
3513:†
3374:†
3301:†
3284:†
2340:†
2330:†
2245:†
1947:?
1926:?
1774:?
1753:?
1732:?
1657:e
1650:t
1643:v
1608:.
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1522:.
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1459:.
1434:.
1407:.
1376:.
1362::
1318:.
1291:.
1211:.
1190:.
1166:.
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1108:.
1095::
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397:,
232:(
102:)
20:)
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