3108:
4998:
2876:
965:
3103:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}P_{Avg}&=\left(I(t)^{2}R\right)_{Avg}&&{\text{where }}\left(\cdots \right)_{Avg}{\text{ denotes the temporal mean of a function}}\\&=\left(I(t)^{2}\right)_{Avg}R&&{\text{(as }}R{\text{ does not vary over time, it can be factored out)}}\\&=I_{\text{RMS}}^{2}R&&{\text{by definition of root-mean-square}}\end{aligned}}}
3981:
1847:
933:
842:
4215:
4981:
3684:
4340:
RMS quantities such as electric current are usually calculated over one cycle. However, for some purposes the RMS current over a longer period is required when calculating transmission power losses. The same principle applies, and (for example) a current of 10 amps used for 12 hours each 24-hour day
4485:
When two data sets — one set from theoretical prediction and the other from actual measurement of some physical variable, for instance — are compared, the RMS of the pairwise differences of the two data sets can serve as a measure of how far on average the error is from 0. The mean of the absolute
1657:
5283:
when it can be assumed the input signal has zero mean, that is, referring to the square root of the mean squared deviation of a signal from a given baseline or fit. This is useful for electrical engineers in calculating the "AC only" RMS of a signal. Standard deviation being the RMS of a signal's
1588:
279:) is the square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the values, or the square of the function that defines the continuous waveform. In physics, the RMS current value can also be defined as the "value of the direct current that dissipates the same power in a resistor."
1423:
817:
is equal to the RMS of one period of the function. The RMS value of a continuous function or signal can be approximated by taking the RMS of a sample consisting of equally spaced observations. Additionally, the RMS value of various waveforms can also be determined without
3992:
3669:
2597:
2234:
4771:
808:
4470:
of the gas in kilograms per mole. In physics, speed is defined as the scalar magnitude of velocity. For a stationary gas, the average speed of its molecules can be in the order of thousands of km/h, even though the average velocity of its molecules is zero.
478:
2700:
4486:
values of the pairwise differences could be a useful measure of the variability of the differences. However, the RMS of the differences is usually the preferred measure, probably due to mathematical convention and compatibility with other formulae.
676:
3481:
3976:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}I_{\text{RMS}}&=I_{\text{p}}{\sqrt {{1 \over {T_{2}-T_{1}}}{\int _{T_{1}}^{T_{2}}{1-\cos(2\omega t) \over 2}\,dt}}}\\&=I_{\text{p}}{\sqrt {{1 \over {T_{2}-T_{1}}}\left_{T_{1}}^{T_{2}}}}\end{aligned}}}
5267:
4697:
4337:, or about 170 volts. The peak-to-peak voltage, being double this, is about 340 volts. A similar calculation indicates that the peak mains voltage in Europe is about 325 volts, and the peak-to-peak mains voltage, about 650 volts.
1842:{\displaystyle y={\begin{cases}0&\operatorname {frac} (ft)<0.25\\A_{1}&0.25<\operatorname {frac} (ft)<0.5\\0&0.5<\operatorname {frac} (ft)<0.75\\-A_{1}&\operatorname {frac} (ft)>0.75\end{cases}}}
2866:), this formula must be extended to reflect the fact that the current (and thus the instantaneous power) is varying over time. If the function is periodic (such as household AC power), it is still meaningful to discuss the
1111:
1047:
2376:
1969:
2881:
4275:
1463:
3288:
3214:
3689:
1311:
4210:{\displaystyle I_{\text{RMS}}=I_{\text{p}}{\sqrt {{1 \over {T_{2}-T_{1}}}\left_{T_{1}}^{T_{2}}}}=I_{\text{p}}{\sqrt {{1 \over {T_{2}-T_{1}}}{{T_{2}-T_{1}} \over 2}}}={I_{\text{p}} \over {\sqrt {2}}}.}
2082:
5776:
4441:
3530:
2503:
2132:
4976:{\displaystyle {\text{RMS}}\{x\}={\sqrt {{\frac {1}{N}}\sum _{n}{x^{2}}}}={\sqrt {{\frac {1}{N^{2}}}\sum _{m}{{\bigl |}X{\bigr |}}^{2}}}={\sqrt {\sum _{m}{\left|{\frac {X}{N}}\right|^{2}}}}.}
1644:
687:
349:
4756:
2416:
1884:
1298:
2765:
2119:
2006:
357:
2732:
1261:
535:
2632:
235:
161:
126:
543:
2269:
984:
wave. However, this is not true for an arbitrary waveform, which may not be periodic or continuous. For a zero-mean sine wave, the relationship between RMS and peak-to-peak
5159:
5769:
5128:
4549:
2853:
1166:
3337:
927:
2493:
Waveforms made by summing known simple waveforms have an RMS value that is the root of the sum of squares of the component RMS values, if the component waveforms are
1452:
1195:
891:
954:
192:
91:
4356:(it is proportional to the square of the RMS voltage or RMS current in a resistive load). For a discussion of audio power measurements and their shortcomings, see
5179:
6171:
4569:
4309:
V in Europe) are almost always quoted in RMS values, and not peak values. Peak values can be calculated from RMS values from the above formula, which implies
5762:
4577:
5272:
From this it is clear that the RMS value is always greater than or equal to the average, in that the RMS includes the "error" / square deviation as well.
1061:
997:
5812:
2282:
5679:
2794:
5634:
1052:
For other waveforms, the relationships are not the same as they are for sine waves. For example, for either a triangular or sawtooth wave:
1897:
1583:{\displaystyle y=A_{0}+{\begin{cases}A_{1}&\operatorname {frac} (ft)<0.5\\-A_{1}&\operatorname {frac} (ft)>0.5\end{cases}}}
5488:
4387:
2497:(that is, if the average of the product of one simple waveform with another is zero for all pairs other than a waveform times itself).
4226:
2602:
Alternatively, for waveforms that are perfectly positively correlated, or "in phase" with each other, their RMS values sum directly.
5910:
5905:
5609:
5559:
5525:
5498:
1418:{\displaystyle y={\begin{cases}A_{1}&\operatorname {frac} (ft)<0.5\\-A_{1}&\operatorname {frac} (ft)>0.5\end{cases}}}
3324:
current, as is approximately true for mains power, the RMS value is easy to calculate from the continuous case equation above. If
3240:
3164:
5328:
3675:
6132:
5993:
5716:
2019:
3986:
but since the interval is a whole number of complete cycles (per definition of RMS), the sine terms will cancel out, leaving:
5817:
3664:{\displaystyle I_{\text{RMS}}=I_{\text{p}}{\sqrt {{1 \over {T_{2}-T_{1}}}{\int _{T_{1}}^{T_{2}}{\sin ^{2}(\omega t)}\,dt}}}.}
2592:{\displaystyle {\text{RMS}}_{\text{Total}}={\sqrt {{\text{RMS}}_{1}^{2}+{\text{RMS}}_{2}^{2}+\cdots +{\text{RMS}}_{n}^{2}}}}
6083:
5827:
4396:
2229:{\displaystyle y={\begin{cases}A_{1}&\operatorname {frac} (ft)<D\\0&\operatorname {frac} (ft)>D\end{cases}}}
5842:
4330:, assuming the source is a pure sine wave. Thus the peak value of the mains voltage in the USA is about 120 Ă—
980:, the relationships between amplitudes (peak-to-peak, peak) and RMS are fixed and known, as they are for any continuous
3128:) is the constant current that yields the same power dissipation as the time-averaged power dissipation of the current
6049:
5978:
5915:
2621:
803:{\displaystyle f_{\text{RMS}}=\lim _{T\rightarrow \infty }{\sqrt {{1 \over {2T}}{\int _{-T}^{T}{}^{2}\,{\rm {d}}t}}}.}
1594:
5862:
5837:
5822:
4480:
3301:
loads (that is, loads capable of not just dissipating energy but also storing it) are discussed under the topic of
2275:
261:
289:
5852:
5847:
5333:
4705:
2382:
5948:
5583:
1853:
1267:
473:{\displaystyle x_{\text{RMS}}={\sqrt {{\frac {1}{n}}\left({x_{1}}^{2}+{x_{2}}^{2}+\cdots +{x_{n}}^{2}\right)}}.}
2741:
2695:{\displaystyle {\text{RMS}}_{\text{AC+DC}}={\sqrt {{\text{V}}_{\text{DC}}^{2}+{\text{RMS}}_{\text{AC}}^{2}}}}
2088:
1975:
968:
Graph of a sine wave's voltage vs. time (in degrees), showing RMS, peak (PK), and peak-to-peak (PP) voltages.
6039:
5943:
5938:
5302:
2708:
1208:
6106:
3234:
By taking the square root of both these equations and multiplying them together, the power is found to be:
494:
5880:
5384:
5166:
4369:
671:{\displaystyle f_{\text{RMS}}={\sqrt {{1 \over {T_{2}-T_{1}}}{\int _{T_{1}}^{T_{2}}{}^{2}\,{\rm {d}}t}}},}
199:
4997:
1650:
205:
131:
96:
4495:
2240:
6101:
6001:
5890:
5885:
5297:
3298:
2494:
2147:
1672:
1491:
1326:
5807:
5794:
5002:
3309:
2768:
245:
6127:
6093:
5973:
5802:
5645:
5338:
5280:
5162:
5137:
3476:{\displaystyle I_{\text{RMS}}={\sqrt {{1 \over {T_{2}-T_{1}}}\int _{T_{1}}^{T_{2}}\left^{2}dt}},}
5104:
4501:
2819:
1137:
6122:
6011:
5958:
5675:
5555:
5521:
5515:
5494:
5408:
3495:
896:
814:
257:
55:
5549:
4386:
is defined as the square root of the average squared-speed. The RMS speed of an ideal gas is
1429:
1172:
863:
6145:
5930:
5895:
5785:
4762:
is the sample size, that is, the number of observations in the sample and DFT coefficients.
4341:
represents an average current of 5 amps, but an RMS current of 7.07 amps, in the long term.
2802:
981:
195:
5262:{\displaystyle x_{\text{rms}}^{2}={\overline {x}}^{2}+\sigma _{x}^{2}={\overline {x^{2}}}.}
939:
170:
69:
6078:
6021:
5900:
5131:
5044:
4765:
In this case, the RMS computed in the time domain is the same as in the frequency domain:
2786:
2472:
273:
3139:
Average power can also be found using the same method that in the case of a time-varying
2870:
power dissipated over time, which is calculated by taking the average power dissipation:
6166:
5313:
5308:
5055:
5033:
4692:{\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{N}{x^{2}}={\frac {1}{N}}\sum _{m=1}^{N}\left|X\right|^{2},}
4554:
2735:
1130:
830:
826:
249:
5754:
5696:
3293:
Both derivations depend on voltage and current being proportional (that is, the load,
6160:
5963:
5920:
5323:
5066:
3228:
2012:
1890:
857:
853:
5720:
5285:
4451:
5744:
964:
5584:"Determining the Effective or RMS Voltage of Various Waveforms without Calculus"
4357:
1304:
936:
A rectangular pulse wave of duty cycle D, the ratio between the pulse duration (
849:
63:
59:
31:
1106:{\displaystyle =2{\sqrt {3}}\times {\text{RMS}}\approx 3.5\times {\text{RMS}}.}
1042:{\displaystyle =2{\sqrt {2}}\times {\text{RMS}}\approx 2.8\times {\text{RMS}}.}
6057:
5968:
5953:
5397:
Using
Pythagoras' theorem, OC² = OG² + GC² ∴ GC = √
4467:
2457:
2125:
17:
4348:
is sometimes erroneously used (e.g., in the audio industry) as a synonym for
5875:
5701:
3321:
3224:
2371:{\displaystyle y=A_{1}\sin(t)-A_{1}\sin \left(t-{\frac {2\pi }{3}}\right)\,}
1201:
985:
977:
845:
5288:
is removed (that is, RMS(signal) = stdev(signal) if the mean signal is 0).
4220:
A similar analysis leads to the analogous equation for sinusoidal voltage:
3231:, allowing us to calculate the mean power delivered into a specified load.
5170:
4992:
3302:
3220:
2780:
973:
819:
276:
253:
238:
5983:
5870:
5318:
4375:
4298:
4297:
Because of their usefulness in carrying out power calculations, listed
3140:
932:
841:
4459:
860:
waveforms. In each, the centerline is at 0, the positive peak is at
264:
of an estimator measures how far the estimator strays from the data.
1964:{\displaystyle y=\left|2A_{1}\operatorname {frac} (ft)-A_{1}\right|}
5749:
4996:
3524:
is a positive constant and was to be squared within the integral:
963:
931:
840:
483:
The corresponding formula for a continuous function (or waveform)
6062:
6034:
6029:
6006:
4270:{\displaystyle V_{\text{RMS}}={V_{\text{p}} \over {\sqrt {2}}},}
5758:
5635:"Make Better AC RMS Measurements with your Digital Multimeter"
4379:
5745:
A case for why RMS is a misnomer when applied to audio power
3283:{\displaystyle P_{\text{Avg}}=V_{\text{RMS}}I_{\text{RMS}}.}
3209:{\displaystyle P_{\text{Avg}}={V_{\text{RMS}}^{2} \over R}.}
2801:. It is easy to do the calculation when there is a constant
5610:"How to Derive the RMS Value of Pulse and Square Waveforms"
2222:
1835:
1576:
1411:
5520:. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 185.
2077:{\displaystyle y=2A_{1}\operatorname {frac} (ft)-A_{1}\,}
5674:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 64.
4494:
The RMS can be computed in the frequency domain, using
3057: does not vary over time, it can be factored out)
5387:, QC² = QO² + OC² ∴ QC = √
5182:
5140:
5107:
4774:
4708:
4580:
4557:
4504:
4399:
4229:
3995:
3687:
3533:
3340:
3243:
3167:
2879:
2822:
2744:
2711:
2635:
2506:
2385:
2285:
2243:
2135:
2092:
2022:
1979:
1900:
1856:
1660:
1597:
1466:
1432:
1314:
1270:
1211:
1175:
1140:
1064:
1000:
942:
899:
866:
690:
546:
497:
360:
292:
208:
173:
134:
99:
72:
4436:{\displaystyle v_{\text{RMS}}={\sqrt {3RT \over M}}}
2858:
However, if the current is a time-varying function,
6115:
6092:
6071:
6048:
6020:
5992:
5929:
5861:
5793:
5551:
5284:variation about the mean, rather than about 0, the
2626:A special case of RMS of waveform combinations is:
5261:
5153:
5122:
4975:
4750:
4691:
4563:
4543:
4435:
4269:
4209:
3975:
3663:
3475:
3282:
3208:
3102:
2847:
2759:
2726:
2694:
2591:
2410:
2370:
2263:
2228:
2113:
2076:
2000:
1963:
1878:
1841:
1638:
1582:
1446:
1417:
1292:
1255:
1189:
1160:
1105:
1041:
948:
921:
885:
802:
670:
529:
472:
343:
229:
186:
155:
120:
85:
705:
1639:{\displaystyle {\sqrt {A_{0}^{2}+A_{1}^{2}}}\,}
5770:
4901:
4882:
2986: denotes the temporal mean of a function
8:
4795:
4780:
4745:
4730:
2785:Electrical engineers often need to know the
956:) and the period (T); illustrated here with
681:and the RMS for a function over all time is
344:{\displaystyle \{x_{1},x_{2},\dots ,x_{n}\}}
338:
293:
5670:Chris C. Bissell; David A. Chapman (1992).
4751:{\displaystyle X=\operatorname {DFT} \{x\}}
3219:This equation can be used for any periodic
2411:{\displaystyle A_{1}{\sqrt {\frac {3}{2}}}}
5777:
5763:
5755:
2738:(or average) component of the signal, and
1879:{\displaystyle {\frac {A_{1}}{\sqrt {2}}}}
1293:{\displaystyle {\frac {A_{1}}{\sqrt {2}}}}
5482:
5480:
5245:
5239:
5230:
5225:
5212:
5202:
5192:
5187:
5181:
5145:
5139:
5109:
5108:
5106:
4961:
4936:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4907:
4900:
4899:
4881:
4880:
4879:
4872:
4860:
4851:
4849:
4828:
4823:
4817:
4803:
4801:
4775:
4773:
4707:
4680:
4651:
4640:
4626:
4607:
4602:
4596:
4585:
4579:
4556:
4503:
4413:
4404:
4398:
4255:
4249:
4243:
4234:
4228:
4195:
4189:
4183:
4166:
4153:
4148:
4146:
4137:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4112:
4106:
4089:
4084:
4077:
4072:
4058:
4044:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4019:
4013:
4000:
3994:
3959:
3954:
3947:
3942:
3902:
3889:
3874:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3849:
3843:
3819:
3783:
3775:
3770:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3744:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3719:
3713:
3696:
3688:
3686:
3648:
3626:
3621:
3613:
3608:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3582:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3557:
3551:
3538:
3532:
3456:
3427:
3409:
3404:
3397:
3392:
3379:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3354:
3345:
3339:
3331:is defined to be the peak current, then:
3271:
3261:
3248:
3242:
3192:
3187:
3181:
3172:
3166:
3091:
3079:
3074:
3055:
3047:
3029:
3018:
2984:
2972:
2955:
2940:
2926:
2888:
2880:
2878:
2833:
2821:
2751:
2746:
2743:
2718:
2713:
2710:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2651:
2642:
2637:
2634:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2522:
2513:
2508:
2505:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2367:
2347:
2324:
2296:
2284:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2154:
2142:
2134:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2073:
2067:
2036:
2021:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1950:
1919:
1899:
1863:
1857:
1855:
1800:
1712:
1667:
1659:
1635:
1627:
1622:
1609:
1604:
1598:
1596:
1541:
1498:
1486:
1477:
1465:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1376:
1333:
1321:
1313:
1277:
1271:
1269:
1252:
1222:
1210:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1157:
1151:
1139:
1095:
1081:
1071:
1063:
1031:
1017:
1007:
999:
941:
913:
898:
877:
865:
785:
784:
783:
777:
757:
750:
742:
737:
727:
722:
720:
708:
695:
689:
653:
652:
651:
645:
625:
616:
611:
604:
599:
594:
585:
572:
567:
562:
560:
551:
545:
521:
502:
496:
454:
447:
442:
426:
419:
414:
404:
397:
392:
376:
374:
365:
359:
332:
313:
300:
291:
252:that would dissipate the same power in a
214:
213:
207:
178:
172:
147:
136:
133:
105:
104:
98:
77:
71:
3678:to eliminate squaring of trig function:
2809:, through the resistance. For a load of
2760:{\displaystyle {\text{RMS}}_{\text{AC}}}
2460:or the proportion of the time period (1/
1115:
5476:
5350:
5275:Physical scientists often use the term
2114:{\displaystyle A_{1} \over {\sqrt {3}}}
2001:{\displaystyle A_{1} \over {\sqrt {3}}}
272:The RMS value of a set of values (or a
2727:{\displaystyle {\text{V}}_{\text{DC}}}
1256:{\displaystyle y=A_{1}\sin(2\pi ft)\,}
825:In the case of the RMS statistic of a
530:{\displaystyle T_{1}\leq t\leq T_{2}}
7:
6172:Statistical deviation and dispersion
5582:Cartwright, Kenneth V (Fall 2007).
4301:for power outlets (for example, 120
786:
715:
654:
237:and can be defined in terms of an
230:{\displaystyle f_{\mathrm {RMS} }}
221:
218:
215:
156:{\displaystyle \mathrm {RMS} _{x}}
143:
140:
137:
121:{\displaystyle x_{\mathrm {RMS} }}
112:
109:
106:
25:
5493:. Oxford University Press. 2009.
5090:of two distinct positive numbers
4458:is the temperature of the gas in
3093:by definition of root-mean-square
5329:Glossary of mathematical symbols
4987:Relationship to other statistics
4287:represents the peak current and
2264:{\displaystyle A_{1}{\sqrt {D}}}
6133:Pearson correlation coefficient
5490:A Dictionary of Physics (6 ed.)
241:of the square of the function.
163:. The RMS is also known as the
93:, its RMS is denoted as either
5614:MasteringElectronicsDesign.com
5514:Thompson, Sylvanus P. (1965).
5114:
4948:
4942:
4896:
4890:
4840:
4834:
4792:
4786:
4742:
4736:
4718:
4712:
4672:
4666:
4619:
4613:
4538:
4523:
4514:
4508:
4390:using the following equation:
3923:
3911:
3810:
3798:
3644:
3635:
3448:
3439:
3015:
3008:
2923:
2916:
2314:
2308:
2210:
2201:
2177:
2168:
2057:
2048:
1940:
1931:
1823:
1814:
1780:
1771:
1741:
1732:
1695:
1686:
1564:
1555:
1521:
1512:
1399:
1390:
1356:
1347:
1249:
1234:
773:
770:
764:
758:
712:
641:
638:
632:
626:
27:Square root of the mean square
1:
6072:Deep Learning Related Metrics
5750:A Java applet on learning RMS
4294:represents the peak voltage.
833:is used instead of the mean.
248:equals the value of constant
5251:
5207:
3514:is the period of the wave).
893:and the negative peak is at
491:) defined over the interval
246:alternating electric current
5916:Sensitivity and specificity
5672:Digital signal transmission
5154:{\displaystyle \sigma _{x}}
2622:Root mean square AC voltage
813:The RMS over all time of a
6188:
5487:"Root-mean-square value".
5123:{\displaystyle {\bar {x}}}
4990:
4481:Root-mean-square deviation
4478:
4367:
2778:
2619:
2450:is amplitude (peak value),
822:, as shown by Cartwright.
262:root-mean-square deviation
198:. The RMS of a continuous
6141:
5554:. Routledge. p. 48.
5399:OC² − OG²
5334:Mean squared displacement
4544:{\displaystyle x=x(t=nT)}
2848:{\displaystyle P=I^{2}R.}
2813:ohms, power is given by:
2771:component of the signal.
2611:In electrical engineering
2421:
1161:{\displaystyle y=A_{0}\,}
194:), a special case of the
4571:is the sampling period,
4454:, 8.314 J/(mol·K),
3297:, is purely resistive).
2775:Average electrical power
2489:In waveform combinations
2276:Phase-to-phase sine wave
922:{\displaystyle y=-A_{1}}
282:In the case of a set of
5944:Calinski-Harabasz index
5548:Jones, Alan R. (2018).
5303:Average rectified value
4498:. For a sampled signal
1458:DC-shifted square wave
1447:{\displaystyle A_{1}\,}
1190:{\displaystyle A_{0}\,}
1122:Variables and operators
886:{\displaystyle y=A_{1}}
5263:
5155:
5124:
5098:
4977:
4752:
4693:
4656:
4601:
4565:
4545:
4437:
4384:root-mean-square speed
4370:Root-mean-square speed
4271:
4211:
3977:
3676:trigonometric identity
3665:
3477:
3308:In the common case of
3284:
3210:
3104:
2849:
2761:
2728:
2696:
2593:
2412:
2372:
2265:
2230:
2115:
2078:
2002:
1965:
1880:
1843:
1640:
1584:
1448:
1419:
1294:
1257:
1191:
1162:
1107:
1043:
969:
961:
950:
929:
923:
887:
804:
672:
531:
474:
345:
231:
188:
157:
122:
87:
6107:Intra-list Similarity
5264:
5156:
5125:
5000:
4978:
4753:
4694:
4636:
4581:
4566:
4546:
4438:
4272:
4212:
3978:
3666:
3478:
3285:
3211:
3105:
2850:
2795:electrical resistance
2779:Further information:
2762:
2729:
2697:
2620:Further information:
2594:
2413:
2373:
2266:
2231:
2116:
2079:
2003:
1966:
1881:
1844:
1641:
1585:
1449:
1420:
1295:
1258:
1192:
1163:
1108:
1044:
967:
951:
949:{\displaystyle \tau }
935:
924:
888:
844:
805:
673:
532:
475:
346:
232:
189:
187:{\displaystyle M_{2}}
158:
123:
88:
86:{\displaystyle x_{i}}
5591:Technology Interface
5298:Pythagorean addition
5180:
5138:
5105:
4772:
4706:
4578:
4555:
4502:
4397:
4227:
3993:
3685:
3531:
3338:
3241:
3165:
2877:
2820:
2742:
2709:
2633:
2504:
2383:
2283:
2241:
2133:
2089:
2020:
1976:
1898:
1854:
1658:
1595:
1464:
1430:
1312:
1268:
1209:
1173:
1138:
1062:
998:
940:
897:
864:
688:
544:
495:
358:
290:
206:
171:
132:
97:
70:
5695:Weisstein, Eric W.
5608:Nastase, Adrian S.
5389:QO² + OC²
5385:Pythagoras' theorem
5235:
5197:
5003:proof without words
4490:In frequency domain
4305:V in the US, or 230
4096:
3966:
3782:
3620:
3416:
3310:alternating current
3197:
3113:So, the RMS value,
3084:
2793:, dissipated by an
2769:alternating current
2689:
2669:
2586:
2560:
2540:
1632:
1614:
837:In common waveforms
755:
623:
6128:Euclidean distance
6094:Recommender system
5974:Similarity measure
5788:evaluation metrics
5717:"ROOT, TH1:GetRMS"
5697:"Root-Mean-Square"
5651:on 15 January 2019
5517:Calculus Made Easy
5339:True RMS converter
5281:standard deviation
5259:
5221:
5183:
5163:standard deviation
5151:
5120:
5099:
4973:
4929:
4877:
4822:
4748:
4689:
4561:
4541:
4496:Parseval's theorem
4433:
4267:
4207:
4053:
3973:
3971:
3883:
3754:
3661:
3592:
3473:
3388:
3280:
3206:
3183:
3151:), with RMS value
3120:, of the function
3100:
3098:
3070:
2845:
2757:
2724:
2692:
2673:
2653:
2589:
2570:
2544:
2524:
2408:
2368:
2261:
2226:
2221:
2103:
2074:
1990:
1961:
1876:
1839:
1834:
1651:Modified sine wave
1636:
1618:
1600:
1580:
1575:
1444:
1415:
1410:
1290:
1253:
1187:
1158:
1103:
1039:
970:
962:
946:
930:
919:
883:
800:
738:
719:
668:
595:
527:
470:
341:
227:
184:
153:
118:
83:
58:of numbers is the
6154:
6153:
6123:Cosine similarity
5959:Hopkins statistic
5681:978-0-521-42557-5
5409:similar triangles
5279:as a synonym for
5254:
5210:
5190:
5117:
4968:
4955:
4920:
4913:
4868:
4866:
4844:
4813:
4811:
4778:
4634:
4564:{\displaystyle T}
4431:
4430:
4407:
4262:
4260:
4252:
4237:
4202:
4200:
4192:
4178:
4176:
4144:
4109:
4097:
4066:
4051:
4016:
4003:
3967:
3935:
3897:
3881:
3846:
3827:
3817:
3751:
3716:
3699:
3656:
3589:
3554:
3541:
3496:angular frequency
3468:
3430:
3386:
3348:
3274:
3264:
3251:
3229:sawtooth waveform
3201:
3190:
3175:
3094:
3077:
3058:
3050:
2987:
2958:
2754:
2749:
2721:
2716:
2690:
2682:
2677:
2662:
2657:
2645:
2640:
2587:
2574:
2548:
2528:
2516:
2511:
2486:
2485:
2406:
2405:
2360:
2259:
2111:
2109:
1998:
1996:
1874:
1873:
1633:
1288:
1287:
1098:
1084:
1076:
1034:
1020:
1012:
815:periodic function
795:
735:
704:
698:
663:
592:
554:
465:
384:
368:
258:estimation theory
16:(Redirected from
6179:
6146:Confusion matrix
5921:Logarithmic Loss
5786:Machine learning
5779:
5772:
5765:
5756:
5732:
5731:
5729:
5728:
5719:. Archived from
5713:
5707:
5706:
5692:
5686:
5685:
5667:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5656:
5650:
5644:. Archived from
5639:
5631:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5605:
5599:
5598:
5588:
5579:
5573:
5572:
5570:
5568:
5545:
5539:
5538:
5536:
5534:
5511:
5505:
5504:
5484:
5464:
5458:
5456:
5455:
5452:
5449:
5442:
5440:
5439:
5436:
5433:
5426:
5424:
5423:
5420:
5417:
5400:
5390:
5355:
5277:root mean square
5268:
5266:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5249:
5240:
5234:
5229:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5203:
5196:
5191:
5188:
5160:
5158:
5157:
5152:
5150:
5149:
5129:
5127:
5126:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5110:
5089:
5074:
5063:
5052:
5041:
5030:
5023:root mean square
5019:
4982:
4980:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4967:
4966:
4965:
4960:
4956:
4951:
4937:
4928:
4919:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4906:
4905:
4904:
4886:
4885:
4876:
4867:
4865:
4864:
4852:
4850:
4845:
4843:
4833:
4832:
4821:
4812:
4804:
4802:
4779:
4776:
4757:
4755:
4754:
4749:
4698:
4696:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4684:
4679:
4675:
4655:
4650:
4635:
4627:
4622:
4612:
4611:
4600:
4595:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4562:
4550:
4548:
4547:
4542:
4442:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4432:
4426:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4408:
4405:
4336:
4335:
4329:
4328:
4308:
4304:
4276:
4274:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4261:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4250:
4244:
4239:
4238:
4235:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4201:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4190:
4184:
4179:
4177:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4158:
4157:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4141:
4129:
4128:
4115:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4107:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4093:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4071:
4067:
4059:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4036:
4035:
4022:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4014:
4005:
4004:
4001:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3974:
3972:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3941:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3926:
3903:
3898:
3890:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3866:
3865:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3844:
3832:
3828:
3826:
3818:
3813:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3748:
3736:
3735:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3701:
3700:
3697:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3655:
3647:
3631:
3630:
3619:
3618:
3617:
3607:
3606:
3605:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3586:
3574:
3573:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3543:
3542:
3539:
3505:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3451:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3403:
3402:
3401:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3371:
3370:
3357:
3355:
3350:
3349:
3346:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3275:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3196:
3191:
3188:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3083:
3078:
3075:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3040:
3039:
3028:
3024:
3023:
3022:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2971:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2930:
2899:
2898:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2838:
2837:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2668:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2572:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2546:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2429:is displacement,
2417:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2407:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2356:
2348:
2329:
2328:
2301:
2300:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2159:
2158:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2091:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2041:
2040:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1997:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1978:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1924:
1923:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1858:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1805:
1804:
1717:
1716:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1626:
1613:
1608:
1599:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1546:
1545:
1503:
1502:
1482:
1481:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1381:
1380:
1338:
1337:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1272:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1227:
1226:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1116:
1112:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1096:
1085:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1032:
1021:
1018:
1013:
1008:
955:
953:
952:
947:
928:
926:
925:
920:
918:
917:
892:
890:
889:
884:
882:
881:
809:
807:
806:
801:
796:
794:
790:
789:
782:
781:
776:
754:
749:
736:
734:
723:
721:
718:
700:
699:
696:
677:
675:
674:
669:
664:
662:
658:
657:
650:
649:
644:
622:
621:
620:
610:
609:
608:
593:
591:
590:
589:
577:
576:
563:
561:
556:
555:
552:
536:
534:
533:
528:
526:
525:
507:
506:
479:
477:
476:
471:
466:
464:
460:
459:
458:
453:
452:
451:
431:
430:
425:
424:
423:
409:
408:
403:
402:
401:
385:
377:
375:
370:
369:
366:
350:
348:
347:
342:
337:
336:
318:
317:
305:
304:
236:
234:
233:
228:
226:
225:
224:
196:generalized mean
193:
191:
190:
185:
183:
182:
162:
160:
159:
154:
152:
151:
146:
127:
125:
124:
119:
117:
116:
115:
92:
90:
89:
84:
82:
81:
48:
47:
36:root mean square
21:
6187:
6186:
6182:
6181:
6180:
6178:
6177:
6176:
6157:
6156:
6155:
6150:
6137:
6111:
6088:
6079:Inception score
6067:
6044:
6022:Computer Vision
6016:
5988:
5925:
5857:
5789:
5783:
5741:
5736:
5735:
5726:
5724:
5715:
5714:
5710:
5694:
5693:
5689:
5682:
5669:
5668:
5664:
5654:
5652:
5648:
5637:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5618:
5616:
5607:
5606:
5602:
5586:
5581:
5580:
5576:
5566:
5564:
5562:
5547:
5546:
5542:
5532:
5530:
5528:
5513:
5512:
5508:
5501:
5486:
5485:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5467:
5453:
5450:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5437:
5434:
5431:
5430:
5428:
5421:
5418:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5406:
5398:
5396:
5388:
5382:
5356:
5352:
5347:
5294:
5241:
5201:
5178:
5177:
5141:
5136:
5135:
5132:arithmetic mean
5103:
5102:
5076:
5065:
5054:
5045:arithmetic mean
5043:
5032:
5021:
5006:
4995:
4989:
4938:
4932:
4931:
4878:
4856:
4824:
4770:
4769:
4704:
4703:
4662:
4658:
4657:
4603:
4576:
4575:
4553:
4552:
4500:
4499:
4492:
4483:
4477:
4450:represents the
4416:
4400:
4395:
4394:
4382:molecules, the
4372:
4366:
4333:
4331:
4326:
4324:
4322:
4315:
4306:
4302:
4293:
4286:
4245:
4230:
4225:
4224:
4185:
4162:
4149:
4133:
4120:
4102:
4085:
4073:
4054:
4040:
4027:
4009:
3996:
3991:
3990:
3970:
3969:
3955:
3943:
3927:
3904:
3888:
3884:
3870:
3857:
3839:
3830:
3829:
3785:
3771:
3759:
3740:
3727:
3709:
3702:
3692:
3683:
3682:
3622:
3609:
3597:
3578:
3565:
3547:
3534:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3503:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3405:
3393:
3375:
3362:
3341:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3267:
3257:
3244:
3239:
3238:
3168:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3119:
3097:
3096:
3088:
3061:
3060:
3044:
3014:
3004:
3000:
2999:
2990:
2989:
2961:
2960:
2952:
2922:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2900:
2884:
2875:
2874:
2829:
2818:
2817:
2783:
2777:
2745:
2740:
2739:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2636:
2631:
2630:
2624:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2507:
2502:
2501:
2491:
2482:
2473:fractional part
2448:
2386:
2381:
2380:
2349:
2340:
2336:
2320:
2292:
2281:
2280:
2244:
2239:
2238:
2220:
2219:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2160:
2150:
2143:
2131:
2130:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2063:
2032:
2018:
2017:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1946:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1896:
1895:
1859:
1852:
1851:
1833:
1832:
1806:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1718:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1678:
1668:
1656:
1655:
1593:
1592:
1574:
1573:
1547:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1504:
1494:
1487:
1473:
1462:
1461:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1409:
1408:
1382:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1339:
1329:
1322:
1310:
1309:
1273:
1266:
1265:
1218:
1207:
1206:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1147:
1136:
1135:
1060:
1059:
996:
995:
938:
937:
909:
895:
894:
873:
862:
861:
839:
756:
691:
686:
685:
624:
612:
600:
581:
568:
547:
542:
541:
517:
498:
493:
492:
443:
441:
415:
413:
393:
391:
390:
386:
361:
356:
355:
328:
309:
296:
288:
287:
274:continuous-time
270:
209:
204:
203:
174:
169:
168:
135:
130:
129:
100:
95:
94:
73:
68:
67:
45:
44:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6185:
6183:
6175:
6174:
6169:
6159:
6158:
6152:
6151:
6149:
6148:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6119:
6117:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6109:
6104:
6098:
6096:
6090:
6089:
6087:
6086:
6081:
6075:
6073:
6069:
6068:
6066:
6065:
6060:
6054:
6052:
6046:
6045:
6043:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6026:
6024:
6018:
6017:
6015:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5998:
5996:
5990:
5989:
5987:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5949:Davies-Bouldin
5946:
5941:
5935:
5933:
5927:
5926:
5924:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5867:
5865:
5863:Classification
5859:
5858:
5856:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5799:
5797:
5791:
5790:
5784:
5782:
5781:
5774:
5767:
5759:
5753:
5752:
5747:
5740:
5739:External links
5737:
5734:
5733:
5708:
5687:
5680:
5662:
5626:
5600:
5597:(1): 20 pages.
5574:
5560:
5540:
5526:
5506:
5499:
5475:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5466:
5465:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5342:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5314:Geometric mean
5311:
5309:Central moment
5306:
5300:
5293:
5290:
5270:
5269:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5244:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5224:
5220:
5215:
5209:
5206:
5200:
5195:
5186:
5148:
5144:
5116:
5113:
5056:geometric mean
5034:quadratic mean
4988:
4985:
4984:
4983:
4972:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4935:
4927:
4923:
4917:
4910:
4903:
4898:
4895:
4892:
4889:
4884:
4875:
4871:
4863:
4859:
4855:
4848:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4831:
4827:
4820:
4816:
4810:
4807:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4791:
4788:
4785:
4782:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4720:
4717:
4714:
4711:
4700:
4699:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4674:
4671:
4668:
4665:
4661:
4654:
4649:
4646:
4643:
4639:
4633:
4630:
4625:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4610:
4606:
4599:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4584:
4560:
4540:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4522:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4491:
4488:
4479:Main article:
4476:
4473:
4444:
4443:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4412:
4403:
4368:Main article:
4365:
4362:
4320:
4313:
4291:
4284:
4278:
4277:
4266:
4259:
4248:
4242:
4233:
4218:
4217:
4206:
4199:
4188:
4182:
4175:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4156:
4152:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4127:
4123:
4118:
4105:
4101:
4092:
4088:
4080:
4076:
4070:
4065:
4062:
4057:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4034:
4030:
4025:
4012:
4008:
3999:
3984:
3983:
3962:
3958:
3950:
3946:
3940:
3933:
3930:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3901:
3896:
3893:
3887:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3864:
3860:
3855:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3825:
3822:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3788:
3778:
3774:
3766:
3762:
3757:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3734:
3730:
3725:
3712:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3672:
3671:
3660:
3654:
3651:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3629:
3625:
3616:
3612:
3604:
3600:
3595:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3572:
3568:
3563:
3550:
3546:
3537:
3521:
3502: = 2
3484:
3483:
3472:
3467:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3426:
3421:
3412:
3408:
3400:
3396:
3391:
3382:
3378:
3374:
3369:
3365:
3360:
3353:
3344:
3328:
3291:
3290:
3279:
3270:
3260:
3256:
3247:
3217:
3216:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3186:
3180:
3171:
3155:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3090:
3087:
3082:
3073:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3054:
3046:
3043:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3027:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3010:
3007:
3003:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2938:
2934:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2911:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2882:
2856:
2855:
2844:
2841:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2776:
2773:
2736:direct current
2734:refers to the
2703:
2702:
2687:
2672:
2667:
2650:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2584:
2579:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2521:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2465:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2430:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2404:
2401:
2393:
2389:
2378:
2365:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2346:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2288:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2258:
2251:
2247:
2236:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2141:
2138:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2108:
2100:
2096:
2084:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2015:
2009:
2008:
1995:
1987:
1983:
1971:
1959:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1872:
1866:
1862:
1849:
1836:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1666:
1663:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1630:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1590:
1577:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1440:
1436:
1425:
1412:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1320:
1317:
1307:
1301:
1300:
1286:
1280:
1276:
1263:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1183:
1179:
1168:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1102:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1067:
1050:
1049:
1038:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1003:
945:
916:
912:
908:
905:
902:
880:
876:
872:
869:
838:
835:
831:expected value
827:random process
811:
810:
799:
793:
788:
780:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
753:
748:
745:
741:
733:
730:
726:
717:
714:
711:
707:
703:
694:
679:
678:
667:
661:
656:
648:
643:
640:
637:
634:
631:
628:
619:
615:
607:
603:
598:
588:
584:
580:
575:
571:
566:
559:
550:
524:
520:
516:
513:
510:
505:
501:
481:
480:
469:
463:
457:
450:
446:
440:
437:
434:
429:
422:
418:
412:
407:
400:
396:
389:
383:
380:
373:
364:
340:
335:
331:
327:
324:
321:
316:
312:
308:
303:
299:
295:
269:
266:
254:resistive load
250:direct current
244:The RMS of an
223:
220:
217:
212:
181:
177:
165:quadratic mean
150:
145:
142:
139:
114:
111:
108:
103:
80:
76:
66:. Given a set
26:
24:
18:Quadratic mean
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6184:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6164:
6162:
6147:
6144:
6143:
6140:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6120:
6118:
6114:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6099:
6097:
6095:
6091:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6076:
6074:
6070:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6047:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6027:
6025:
6023:
6019:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5999:
5997:
5995:
5991:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5964:Jaccard index
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5936:
5934:
5932:
5928:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5868:
5866:
5864:
5860:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5800:
5798:
5796:
5792:
5787:
5780:
5775:
5773:
5768:
5766:
5761:
5760:
5757:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5742:
5738:
5723:on 2017-06-30
5722:
5718:
5712:
5709:
5704:
5703:
5698:
5691:
5688:
5683:
5677:
5673:
5666:
5663:
5647:
5643:
5636:
5630:
5627:
5615:
5611:
5604:
5601:
5596:
5592:
5585:
5578:
5575:
5563:
5561:9781351661386
5557:
5553:
5552:
5544:
5541:
5529:
5527:9781349004874
5523:
5519:
5518:
5510:
5507:
5502:
5500:9780199233991
5496:
5492:
5491:
5483:
5481:
5477:
5470:
5462:
5443:∴ HC =
5410:
5404:
5394:
5386:
5380:
5377:, and radius
5376:
5372:
5368:
5364:
5360:
5354:
5351:
5344:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5324:Least squares
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5291:
5289:
5287:
5282:
5278:
5273:
5256:
5246:
5242:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5222:
5218:
5213:
5204:
5198:
5193:
5184:
5176:
5175:
5174:
5172:
5168:
5164:
5146:
5142:
5133:
5111:
5097:
5093:
5087:
5083:
5079:
5072:
5068:
5067:harmonic mean
5061:
5057:
5050:
5046:
5039:
5035:
5028:
5024:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4986:
4970:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4945:
4939:
4933:
4925:
4921:
4915:
4908:
4893:
4887:
4873:
4869:
4861:
4857:
4853:
4846:
4837:
4829:
4825:
4818:
4814:
4808:
4805:
4798:
4789:
4783:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4739:
4733:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4715:
4709:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4669:
4663:
4659:
4652:
4647:
4644:
4641:
4637:
4631:
4628:
4623:
4616:
4608:
4604:
4597:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4582:
4574:
4573:
4572:
4558:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4520:
4517:
4511:
4505:
4497:
4489:
4487:
4482:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4449:
4427:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4410:
4401:
4393:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4381:
4377:
4371:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4354:average power
4351:
4347:
4342:
4338:
4323: Ă—
4319:
4316: =
4312:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4283:
4264:
4257:
4246:
4240:
4231:
4223:
4222:
4221:
4204:
4197:
4186:
4180:
4173:
4167:
4163:
4159:
4154:
4150:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4125:
4121:
4116:
4103:
4099:
4090:
4086:
4078:
4074:
4068:
4063:
4060:
4055:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4032:
4028:
4023:
4010:
4006:
3997:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3960:
3956:
3948:
3944:
3938:
3931:
3928:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3908:
3905:
3899:
3894:
3891:
3885:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3862:
3858:
3853:
3840:
3836:
3834:
3823:
3820:
3814:
3807:
3804:
3801:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3776:
3772:
3764:
3760:
3755:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3732:
3728:
3723:
3710:
3706:
3704:
3693:
3681:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3658:
3652:
3649:
3641:
3638:
3632:
3627:
3623:
3614:
3610:
3602:
3598:
3593:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3570:
3566:
3561:
3548:
3544:
3535:
3527:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3513:
3509:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3470:
3465:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3445:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3424:
3419:
3410:
3406:
3398:
3394:
3389:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3367:
3363:
3358:
3351:
3342:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3306:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3277:
3268:
3258:
3254:
3245:
3237:
3236:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3184:
3178:
3169:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3116:
3085:
3080:
3071:
3067:
3065:
3052:
3041:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3025:
3019:
3011:
3005:
3001:
2996:
2994:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2927:
2919:
2913:
2909:
2904:
2902:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2885:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2842:
2839:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2737:
2685:
2670:
2665:
2648:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2603:
2582:
2577:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2519:
2500:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2488:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2464:) spent high,
2463:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2443:
2441:is frequency,
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2402:
2399:
2391:
2387:
2379:
2363:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2256:
2249:
2245:
2237:
2216:
2213:
2207:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2190:
2183:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2165:
2162:
2155:
2151:
2144:
2139:
2136:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2106:
2098:
2094:
2085:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2016:
2014:
2013:Sawtooth wave
2011:
2010:
1993:
1985:
1981:
1972:
1957:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1894:
1892:
1891:Triangle wave
1889:
1888:
1870:
1864:
1860:
1850:
1829:
1826:
1820:
1817:
1811:
1808:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1786:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1754:
1747:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1713:
1709:
1701:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1683:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1664:
1661:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1570:
1567:
1561:
1558:
1552:
1549:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1499:
1495:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1438:
1434:
1426:
1405:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1362:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1334:
1330:
1323:
1318:
1315:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1284:
1278:
1274:
1264:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1181:
1177:
1169:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1100:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1065:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1036:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1014:
1009:
1004:
1001:
994:
991:
990:
989:
987:
983:
979:
975:
966:
959:
943:
934:
914:
910:
906:
903:
900:
878:
874:
870:
867:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
836:
834:
832:
828:
823:
821:
816:
797:
791:
778:
767:
761:
751:
746:
743:
739:
731:
728:
724:
709:
701:
692:
684:
683:
682:
665:
659:
646:
635:
629:
617:
613:
605:
601:
596:
586:
582:
578:
573:
569:
564:
557:
548:
540:
539:
538:
522:
518:
514:
511:
508:
503:
499:
490:
486:
467:
461:
455:
448:
444:
438:
435:
432:
427:
420:
416:
410:
405:
398:
394:
387:
381:
378:
371:
362:
354:
353:
352:
351:, the RMS is
333:
329:
325:
322:
319:
314:
310:
306:
301:
297:
285:
280:
278:
275:
267:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
242:
240:
210:
201:
197:
179:
175:
166:
148:
101:
78:
74:
65:
62:of the set's
61:
57:
53:
49:
41:
37:
33:
19:
5832:
5725:. Retrieved
5721:the original
5711:
5700:
5690:
5671:
5665:
5653:. Retrieved
5646:the original
5641:
5629:
5617:. Retrieved
5613:
5603:
5594:
5590:
5577:
5565:. Retrieved
5550:
5543:
5531:. Retrieved
5516:
5509:
5489:
5460:
5402:
5392:
5378:
5374:
5370:
5366:
5362:
5358:
5353:
5286:DC component
5276:
5274:
5271:
5100:
5095:
5091:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5070:
5059:
5048:
5037:
5026:
5022:
5015:
5011:
5007:
4764:
4759:
4701:
4493:
4484:
4463:
4455:
4452:gas constant
4447:
4445:
4383:
4373:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4343:
4339:
4317:
4310:
4296:
4288:
4281:
4279:
4219:
3985:
3673:
3518:
3516:
3511:
3507:
3499:
3491:
3490:is time and
3487:
3485:
3325:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3294:
3292:
3233:
3223:, such as a
3218:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3138:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3114:
3112:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2810:
2806:
2798:
2790:
2784:
2704:
2625:
2601:
2492:
2476:
2468:
2461:
2453:
2444:
2438:
2432:
2426:
1057:Peak-to-peak
1056:
1051:
993:Peak-to-peak
992:
971:
957:
824:
812:
680:
488:
484:
482:
283:
281:
271:
243:
164:
51:
43:
39:
35:
29:
4358:Audio power
2957:where
1305:Square wave
202:is denoted
64:mean square
60:square root
32:mathematics
6161:Categories
6116:Similarity
6058:Perplexity
5969:Rand index
5954:Dunn index
5939:Silhouette
5931:Clustering
5795:Regression
5727:2013-07-18
5655:15 January
5619:21 January
5471:References
5381:= QO = OG.
5167:population
5001:Geometric
4991:See also:
4468:molar mass
4388:calculated
4350:mean power
3322:sinusoidal
3225:sinusoidal
2495:orthogonal
2458:duty cycle
2126:Pulse wave
976:is a pure
268:Definition
5886:Precision
5838:RMSE/RMSD
5702:MathWorld
5361:and BC =
5252:¯
5223:σ
5208:¯
5143:σ
5115:¯
4922:∑
4870:∑
4815:∑
4728:
4638:∑
4583:∑
4346:RMS power
4344:The term
4160:−
4131:−
4038:−
3932:ω
3918:ω
3909:
3900:−
3868:−
3805:ω
3796:
3790:−
3756:∫
3738:−
3639:ω
3633:
3594:∫
3576:−
3443:ω
3437:
3390:∫
3373:−
3049:(as
2966:⋯
2565:⋯
2471:) is the
2354:π
2345:−
2334:
2318:−
2306:
2199:
2166:
2061:−
2046:
1944:−
1929:
1812:
1794:−
1769:
1730:
1684:
1553:
1535:−
1510:
1388:
1370:−
1345:
1241:π
1232:
1202:Sine wave
1093:×
1087:≈
1079:×
1029:×
1023:≈
1015:×
986:amplitude
978:sine wave
944:τ
907:−
744:−
740:∫
716:∞
713:→
597:∫
579:−
515:≤
509:≤
436:⋯
323:…
167:(denoted
38:(abbrev.
6102:Coverage
5881:Accuracy
5642:Keysight
5448:GC²
5357:If AC =
5292:See also
5173:, then:
5171:waveform
5080: (
5010: (
4993:Accuracy
4551:, where
4299:voltages
3674:Using a
3510:, where
3303:AC power
3299:Reactive
3221:waveform
2781:AC power
2435:is time,
1119:Waveform
982:periodic
974:waveform
858:sawtooth
854:triangle
820:calculus
277:waveform
239:integral
200:function
5994:Ranking
5984:SimHash
5871:F-score
5457:
5445:
5441:
5429:
5425:
5413:
5365:. OC =
5319:L2 norm
5161:is the
5130:is the
4466:is the
4460:kelvins
4376:physics
4374:In the
4332:√
4325:√
3494:is the
3320:) is a
3141:voltage
2868:average
2803:current
2767:is the
2616:Voltage
2456:is the
2422:where:
972:If the
286:values
54:) of a
5891:Recall
5678:
5567:5 July
5558:
5533:5 July
5524:
5497:
5407:Using
5383:Using
4702:where
4462:, and
4446:where
4307:
4303:
4280:where
3517:Since
3486:where
2705:where
856:, and
850:square
829:, the
260:, the
34:, the
6167:Means
5896:Kappa
5813:sMAPE
5649:(PDF)
5638:(PDF)
5587:(PDF)
5345:Notes
5305:(ARV)
5169:or a
5165:of a
5075:>
5064:>
5053:>
5042:>
5020:>
5005:that
4475:Error
4364:Speed
3312:when
2787:power
2644:AC+DC
2515:Total
2467:frac(
256:. In
6063:BLEU
6035:SSIM
6030:PSNR
6007:NDCG
5828:MSPE
5823:MASE
5818:MAPE
5676:ISBN
5657:2019
5621:2015
5569:2020
5556:ISBN
5535:2020
5522:ISBN
5495:ISBN
5373:and
5134:and
5094:and
4758:and
2606:Uses
2214:>
2196:frac
2181:<
2163:frac
2043:frac
1926:frac
1830:0.75
1827:>
1809:frac
1787:0.75
1784:<
1766:frac
1763:<
1745:<
1727:frac
1724:<
1721:0.25
1702:0.25
1699:<
1681:frac
1568:>
1550:frac
1525:<
1507:frac
1403:>
1385:frac
1360:<
1342:frac
1125:RMS
988:is:
960:= 1.
846:Sine
6084:FID
6050:NLP
6040:IoU
6002:MRR
5979:SMC
5911:ROC
5906:AUC
5901:MCC
5853:MAD
5848:MDA
5833:RMS
5808:MAE
5803:MSE
5369:of
5189:rms
5101:If
5078:min
5031:or
5027:RMS
5008:max
4777:RMS
4725:DFT
4406:RMS
4380:gas
4378:of
4352:or
4321:RMS
4236:RMS
4002:RMS
3906:sin
3793:cos
3698:RMS
3624:sin
3540:RMS
3434:sin
3347:RMS
3273:RMS
3263:RMS
3250:Avg
3227:or
3189:RMS
3174:Avg
3156:RMS
3136:).
3118:RMS
3076:RMS
2748:RMS
2676:RMS
2639:RMS
2573:RMS
2547:RMS
2527:RMS
2510:RMS
2475:of
2331:sin
2303:sin
1760:0.5
1748:0.5
1571:0.5
1528:0.5
1406:0.5
1363:0.5
1229:sin
1097:RMS
1090:3.5
1083:RMS
1033:RMS
1026:2.8
1019:RMS
706:lim
697:RMS
553:RMS
537:is
367:RMS
128:or
56:set
52:rms
50:or
46:RMS
40:RMS
30:In
6163::
6012:AP
5876:P4
5699:.
5640:.
5612:.
5593:.
5589:.
5479:^
5461:HM
5459:=
5454:OC
5438:OC
5432:GC
5427:=
5422:GC
5416:HC
5411:,
5403:GM
5401:=
5393:QM
5391:=
5367:AM
5071:HM
5060:GM
5049:AM
5038:QM
4360:.
3305:.
3158:,
3143:,
2805:,
2797:,
2789:,
2753:AC
2720:DC
2681:AC
2661:DC
1131:DC
852:,
848:,
42:,
5843:R
5778:e
5771:t
5764:v
5730:.
5705:.
5684:.
5659:.
5623:.
5595:8
5571:.
5537:.
5503:.
5463:.
5451:/
5435:/
5419:/
5405:.
5395:.
5379:r
5375:b
5371:a
5363:b
5359:a
5257:.
5247:2
5243:x
5237:=
5232:2
5227:x
5219:+
5214:2
5205:x
5199:=
5194:2
5185:x
5147:x
5112:x
5096:b
5092:a
5088:)
5086:b
5084:,
5082:a
5073:)
5069:(
5062:)
5058:(
5051:)
5047:(
5040:)
5036:(
5029:)
5025:(
5018:)
5016:b
5014:,
5012:a
4971:.
4963:2
4958:|
4953:N
4949:]
4946:m
4943:[
4940:X
4934:|
4926:m
4916:=
4909:2
4902:|
4897:]
4894:m
4891:[
4888:X
4883:|
4874:m
4862:2
4858:N
4854:1
4847:=
4841:]
4838:n
4835:[
4830:2
4826:x
4819:n
4809:N
4806:1
4799:=
4796:}
4793:]
4790:n
4787:[
4784:x
4781:{
4760:N
4746:}
4743:]
4740:n
4737:[
4734:x
4731:{
4722:=
4719:]
4716:m
4713:[
4710:X
4687:,
4682:2
4677:|
4673:]
4670:m
4667:[
4664:X
4660:|
4653:N
4648:1
4645:=
4642:m
4632:N
4629:1
4624:=
4620:]
4617:n
4614:[
4609:2
4605:x
4598:N
4593:1
4590:=
4587:n
4559:T
4539:)
4536:T
4533:n
4530:=
4527:t
4524:(
4521:x
4518:=
4515:]
4512:n
4509:[
4506:x
4464:M
4456:T
4448:R
4428:M
4424:T
4421:R
4418:3
4411:=
4402:v
4334:2
4327:2
4318:V
4314:P
4311:V
4292:P
4289:V
4285:P
4282:I
4265:,
4258:2
4251:p
4247:V
4241:=
4232:V
4205:.
4198:2
4191:p
4187:I
4181:=
4174:2
4168:1
4164:T
4155:2
4151:T
4139:1
4135:T
4126:2
4122:T
4117:1
4108:p
4104:I
4100:=
4091:2
4087:T
4079:1
4075:T
4069:]
4064:2
4061:t
4056:[
4046:1
4042:T
4033:2
4029:T
4024:1
4015:p
4011:I
4007:=
3998:I
3961:2
3957:T
3949:1
3945:T
3939:]
3929:4
3924:)
3921:t
3915:2
3912:(
3895:2
3892:t
3886:[
3876:1
3872:T
3863:2
3859:T
3854:1
3845:p
3841:I
3837:=
3824:t
3821:d
3815:2
3811:)
3808:t
3802:2
3799:(
3787:1
3777:2
3773:T
3765:1
3761:T
3746:1
3742:T
3733:2
3729:T
3724:1
3715:p
3711:I
3707:=
3694:I
3659:.
3653:t
3650:d
3645:)
3642:t
3636:(
3628:2
3615:2
3611:T
3603:1
3599:T
3584:1
3580:T
3571:2
3567:T
3562:1
3553:p
3549:I
3545:=
3536:I
3522:p
3519:I
3512:T
3508:T
3506:/
3504:Ď€
3500:ω
3498:(
3492:ω
3488:t
3471:,
3466:t
3463:d
3458:2
3453:]
3449:)
3446:t
3440:(
3429:p
3425:I
3420:[
3411:2
3407:T
3399:1
3395:T
3381:1
3377:T
3368:2
3364:T
3359:1
3352:=
3343:I
3329:p
3326:I
3318:t
3316:(
3314:I
3295:R
3278:.
3269:I
3259:V
3255:=
3246:P
3204:.
3199:R
3194:2
3185:V
3179:=
3170:P
3153:V
3149:t
3147:(
3145:V
3134:t
3132:(
3130:I
3126:t
3124:(
3122:I
3115:I
3086:R
3081:2
3072:I
3068:=
3053:R
3042:R
3037:g
3034:v
3031:A
3026:)
3020:2
3016:)
3012:t
3009:(
3006:I
3002:(
2997:=
2980:g
2977:v
2974:A
2969:)
2963:(
2948:g
2945:v
2942:A
2937:)
2933:R
2928:2
2924:)
2920:t
2917:(
2914:I
2910:(
2905:=
2896:g
2893:v
2890:A
2886:P
2864:t
2862:(
2860:I
2843:.
2840:R
2835:2
2831:I
2827:=
2824:P
2811:R
2807:I
2799:R
2791:P
2715:V
2686:2
2671:+
2666:2
2656:V
2649:=
2583:2
2578:n
2568:+
2562:+
2557:2
2552:2
2542:+
2537:2
2532:1
2520:=
2479:.
2477:r
2469:r
2462:f
2454:D
2447:i
2445:A
2439:f
2433:t
2427:y
2403:2
2400:3
2392:1
2388:A
2364:)
2358:3
2351:2
2342:t
2338:(
2326:1
2322:A
2315:)
2312:t
2309:(
2298:1
2294:A
2290:=
2287:y
2257:D
2250:1
2246:A
2217:D
2211:)
2208:t
2205:f
2202:(
2191:0
2184:D
2178:)
2175:t
2172:f
2169:(
2156:1
2152:A
2145:{
2140:=
2137:y
2107:3
2099:1
2095:A
2069:1
2065:A
2058:)
2055:t
2052:f
2049:(
2038:1
2034:A
2030:2
2027:=
2024:y
1994:3
1986:1
1982:A
1958:|
1952:1
1948:A
1941:)
1938:t
1935:f
1932:(
1921:1
1917:A
1913:2
1909:|
1905:=
1902:y
1871:2
1865:1
1861:A
1824:)
1821:t
1818:f
1815:(
1802:1
1798:A
1781:)
1778:t
1775:f
1772:(
1755:0
1742:)
1739:t
1736:f
1733:(
1714:1
1710:A
1696:)
1693:t
1690:f
1687:(
1676:0
1670:{
1665:=
1662:y
1629:2
1624:1
1620:A
1616:+
1611:2
1606:0
1602:A
1565:)
1562:t
1559:f
1556:(
1543:1
1539:A
1522:)
1519:t
1516:f
1513:(
1500:1
1496:A
1489:{
1484:+
1479:0
1475:A
1471:=
1468:y
1439:1
1435:A
1400:)
1397:t
1394:f
1391:(
1378:1
1374:A
1357:)
1354:t
1351:f
1348:(
1335:1
1331:A
1324:{
1319:=
1316:y
1285:2
1279:1
1275:A
1250:)
1247:t
1244:f
1238:2
1235:(
1224:1
1220:A
1216:=
1213:y
1182:0
1178:A
1153:0
1149:A
1145:=
1142:y
1101:.
1074:3
1069:2
1066:=
1037:.
1010:2
1005:2
1002:=
958:a
915:1
911:A
904:=
901:y
879:1
875:A
871:=
868:y
798:.
792:t
787:d
779:2
774:]
771:)
768:t
765:(
762:f
759:[
752:T
747:T
732:T
729:2
725:1
710:T
702:=
693:f
666:,
660:t
655:d
647:2
642:]
639:)
636:t
633:(
630:f
627:[
618:2
614:T
606:1
602:T
587:1
583:T
574:2
570:T
565:1
558:=
549:f
523:2
519:T
512:t
504:1
500:T
489:t
487:(
485:f
468:.
462:)
456:2
449:n
445:x
439:+
433:+
428:2
421:2
417:x
411:+
406:2
399:1
395:x
388:(
382:n
379:1
372:=
363:x
339:}
334:n
330:x
326:,
320:,
315:2
311:x
307:,
302:1
298:x
294:{
284:n
222:S
219:M
216:R
211:f
180:2
176:M
149:x
144:S
141:M
138:R
113:S
110:M
107:R
102:x
79:i
75:x
20:)
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