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358:. The main designers and programmers of Surpass were also hired by Borland to turn Surpass into Quattro Pro: Bob Warfield, Dave Anderson, Weikuo Liaw, Bob Richardson and Tod Landis. They joined other Borland programmers including Chuck Batterman, Lajos Frank, Tanj Bennett, Rich Reppert and Roger Schlafly. Bob Warfield later became Vice President of R&D at Borland. All eventually left Borland.
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had a casual conversation where they joked, half seriously, about perhaps developing a spreadsheet to compete with Lotus
Development's 1-2-3. That led to Mr. Kahn setting an appointment with an agent for some Eastern European software developers, Robert Stein of Andromeda Software, which was also involved with the game
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purchased both WordPerfect
Corporation and the Quattro Pro code base and team of engineers from Borland. Novell was going to try to be a real competitor to Microsoft. Although Version 6 was released and some effort was made to unify the user interface between WordPerfect and QPW, the effort was far
485:
The technical risk of the QPW project was immense. The object model was untried and might not have worked for a spreadsheet. The user interface (UI) was new (for
Windows programs at least). No one knew if the C++ compiler could generate fast enough code. As it turned out, the program worked. It was
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in 1985, quoting a maker of spreadsheet templates saying that he was in close contact with
Borland, and that Borland was developing a spreadsheet. At the time, there was absolutely no such development being undertaken by Borland. After they both read the article, Philippe Kahn and Spencer Leyton
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beams running across the top of the building. The beams were damaged to the point where they required injections of epoxy in order to make them sturdy enough to support the building again. In addition, the sprinkler system was triggered. The building was closed for months. All the computers were
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actually utilized tabbed sheets earlier. It currently runs under the
Windows operating system. For years Quattro Pro had a competitive advantage, in regard to maximum row and column limits (allowing a maximum worksheet size of one million rows by 18,276 columns). This avoided the 65,536 row by 256
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in 1-2-3 worksheets. Borland argued that most cars operate the same, but they are not necessarily made the same. So, Lotus could not rationally "own" the way its program behaved. The district court ruled in favor of Lotus, but the appellate court ruled that the 1-2-3 menus were functional and not
552:
The release of
Windows 95 in August 1995 was the beginning of the end for Novell and its plans to compete with Microsoft. Not only did Microsoft release a new operating system, but Microsoft also released new versions of Word and Excel to accompany it. Sales of Novell PerfectOffice (and Lotus
492:
QPW was finally released in
September 1992. The Quattro Pro marketing team had chosen to bundle both Quattro Pro for DOS and Quattro Pro for Windows in the same box labeled "WIN-DOS" at a price of $ 495. Customers and reviewers expecting a pure Windows application responded with confusion and
462:" for the Norse god of Thunder. QPW featured two major innovations. First, it was the first Windows spreadsheet with multiple pages with cells that could be linked together seamlessly, a feature from Quattro Pro which QPW extended. Second, it was the first released Windows program to have an
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program (like Lotus 1-2-3) but with the growing popularity of
Windows from Microsoft, a Windows version of Quattro needed to be written. There was almost nothing from the DOS code that could be moved to the Windows project, so the Quattro Pro for Windows (QPW) was written from scratch.
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compiler, and the company decided to make a bet on C++. However, the C++ compiler was not ready at first, and OO code for both projects was started in C with OO emulation through macros. As the
Borland Turbo C++ compiler became available internally the projects converted to using C++.
557:). By mid-1996, Microsoft had 95% of the market for business applications. As of 2005, Microsoft still dominates the market for Windows business application software, although Quattro Pro and WordPerfect, which pre-dated the MS Office 4.2 suite, are still both updated and sold.
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for
Windows codebases (the latter being another Borland database application) were based on Borland's internal pilot project with object oriented UI code for Windows. This project ran simultaneously with the Borland language group investigating the desirability of a
543:
In another lawsuit, Novell claims that Microsoft had "deliberately targeted and destroyed" its WordPerfect and QuattroPro programs to protect its Windows operating system monopoly. The US Supreme Court refused to halt the antitrust lawsuit in March 2008.
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outrage, believing the product was merely a DOS application with windowing capabilities. Shortly thereafter QPW was re-packaged by itself and priced $ 129, receiving accolades for Borland's long-delayed pure Windows spreadsheet and its popular price.
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Eventually it sold well (after the price was slashed to just $ 49 a copy). Work was started immediately on a new version with a brand new team of engineers led by Joe Ammirato; including Bret Gillis and Peter Weyzen. Borland purchased DataPivot from
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QPW was one of the first big applications written in C++ on Windows, and it pushed the Borland C++ compiler to the limit. One reason why the Borland C++ Compiler was so good was that it had to compile and link the massive QPW code base successfully.
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The original Borland Quattro electronic spreadsheet was a DOS program, the initial development of which was done by three Eastern Europeans, one of whom, the Hungarian Lajos Frank, was later hired by Microsoft. An article appeared in
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column spreadsheet limitations inherent to Microsoft Excel (prior to Excel 2007). Even with the maximum row advantage, Quattro Pro has been a distant second to Excel, in terms of sales numbers, since approximately 1996 to the present.
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After a year and the merging of the old team and the new team, QPW 5 was released (the reason for the jump in version number had to do with keeping up with the DOS version as well as it looked good). QPW 5 sold well also, though the
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removed, placed on the tennis courts, washed down (acoustic ceilings rained gray mush onto everything when the sprinklers ran) and dried with hair dryers. Those that booted up were put to work. Quattro Pro finished final
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The common file extension of Quattro Pro spreadsheet file is .qpw, which it has used since version 9. Quattro Pro versions 7 and 8 used .wb3, version 6 used .wb2, version 5 used .wb1, and DOS versions used .wq2 and .wq1.
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applications as well) sank to almost nothing while sales of the Microsoft products were huge. Within three months, Novell announced they were going to sell their applications to someone (eventually that proved to be
402:
recused himself). This left the lower court ruling intact, which was a victory for Borland. However, the broader issue of whether a company can own and protect the way its program behaves remained unresolved.
451:, Bernie Vachon, Anson Lee, Tod Landis, Gordon Ko and Chuck Batterman working on the project. Other engineers joined later. Eventually the team numbered nearly 20. The object model was inspired by the
386:, used tabs to multiple sheets, and allowed three-dimensional references before Quattro Pro was on the market. (Boeing Calc was so slow that its multiple sheet capabilities were barely usable.)
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position", #1 in the market. When the product was launched in 1988, its original name, suggested to Mr. Kahn by Senior VP, Spencer Leyton at a Vietnamese restaurant in Santa Cruz, was
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and the building was severely damaged when large and heavy air conditioners on the roof of Borland's main building were thrown upward by the quake, and came crashing down upon the
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object model, modified by Mr. Cseri. Mr. Liaw and Mr. Spencer were in charge of the spreadsheet engine (written in assembly language) while Mr. Low wrote a large chunk of the UI.
393:. Lotus argued that Quattro could not copy Lotus 1-2-3's menus. Borland supplied the 1-2-3 menus as an alternative because keystroke compatibility was needed in order to run
489:
At one point, it was hoped that QPW and Paradox for Windows would be able to share a common object model. That proved impossible despite serious thought and design efforts.
520:
Work then started on version 6 (now with Steven Boye as project lead). Midway through the development of version 6 a strategic decision to work closely with the
354:, Lajos Frank, and Chuck Batterman. It was praised mainly for superior graphics on DOS. Borland acquired a replacement product called "Surpass", written in
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and then be saved into the OpenDocument format or other file formats, Microsoft dropped support for Quattro Pro file formats after Office 2007.
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Charlie Anderson was put in charge of the project and he soon had Istvan Cseri, Weikuo Liaw, Murray Low, Steven Boye, Barry Spencer, Alan Bush,
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testing and was sent to manufacturing from those computers running on the tennis courts in the (fortunately) sunny and dry autumn weather.
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fast, it was close in feature set to Lotus 123 and Excel, and the "right-click for properties" user design was reasonably understandable.
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474:, the idea had not been implemented on a major Windows program. Paradox for Windows shared this feature, and it was shown off by
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at a Paradox user conference over a year before QPW was released. Both these ideas became widespread in the software industry.
57:
339:. That led to an agreement negotiated by Mr. Leyton and Mr. Stein, providing for the development of the original Quattro.
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word for "four", a play on being one step ahead of "1-2-3"). Borland changed the name to Quattro Pro for its 1990 release.
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to add a new feature to the program. Colin Glassey came from Brio to help with the integration of that technology.
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Some have claimed that Quattro Pro was the first to use the tabbed notebook metaphor, but another spreadsheet,
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By the time the case was resolved, Borland no longer owned Quattro Pro. Borland sold the spreadsheet to
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Quattro Pro shipped in the final quarter of 1989. The Borland main office was near the epicenter of the
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word processor was made. It was a direct attempt to push back at the Microsoft Office one-two punch of
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When version 1.0 was in development, it was codenamed "Buddha" since it was meant to "assume the
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copyrightable. The case went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court which split 4 to 4 (
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470:) available by right-clicking on the object. Although this idea was first seen on the
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812:"Corel WordPerfect Office Reviewer's Guide - Appendix A: Supported File Formats"
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and Microsoft Excel. The other big issue with Version 6 was the advent of
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Corel WordPerfect Office X5 installation CD, containing Quattro Pro X5
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Historically, Quattro Pro used keyboard commands close to those of
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291:. While it is commonly said to have been the first program to use
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791:"Attached > Computer history > "Spreadsheets""
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six months before the final decision was handed down.
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More history of Surpass (pre-Quattro Pro code base)
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
422:Portion of a Quattro Pro for Windows spreadsheet
516:Quattro Pro 6 User's Guide, from the Novell era
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891:"How to Open Files Created in Quattro Pro"
866:"How to Open Files Created in Quattro Pro"
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612:also in Borland Office for Windows (1993)
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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389:Quattro Pro was the subject of a major
619:also in Borland Office 2.0 for Windows
509:+ Word combination was gaining steam.
458:The product was internally codenamed "
724:part of Corel WordPerfect Office 2020
654:part of Corel WordPerfect Office 2002
647:part of Corel WordPerfect Office 2000
565:Quattro Pro file formats use various
7:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
717:part of Corel WordPerfect Office X9
710:part of Corel WordPerfect Office X8
703:part of Corel WordPerfect Office X7
696:part of Corel WordPerfect Office X6
689:part of Corel WordPerfect Office X5
682:part of Corel WordPerfect Office X4
675:part of Corel WordPerfect Office X3
668:part of Corel WordPerfect Office 12
661:part of Corel WordPerfect Office 11
624:1994: Quattro Pro for Windows 6.0 (
617:1993: Quattro Pro for Windows 5.0 (
610:1992: Quattro Pro for Windows 1.0 (
837:"Court Hands Setback to Microsoft"
742:Comparison of spreadsheet software
25:
846:. Associated Press. 18 March 2008
640:part of Corel WordPerfect Suite 8
633:part of Corel WordPerfect Suite 7
275:, most often as part of Alludo's
1268:Spreadsheet software for Windows
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626:part of Novell PerfectOffice 3.0
391:lawsuit by Lotus against Borland
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187:2021 U1 / July 28, 2022
45:needs additional citations for
1:
607:1992: Quattro Pro 4.0 for DOS
604:1991: Quattro Pro 3.0 for DOS
164:; 36 years ago
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1283:Assembly language software
793:. Aresluna.org. 2004-09-22
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535:In an odd set of events,
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747:Office Open XML software
722:2020: Quattro Pro 2020 (
817:. Corel.com. p. 29
426:Quattro Pro began as a
414:Quattro Pro for Windows
342:Quattro was written in
715:2018: Quattro Pro X9 (
708:2016: Quattro Pro X8 (
701:2014: Quattro Pro X7 (
694:2012: Quattro Pro X6 (
687:2010: Quattro Pro X5 (
680:2008: Quattro Pro X4 (
673:2006: Quattro Pro X3 (
666:2004: Quattro Pro 12 (
659:2003: Quattro Pro 11 (
652:2002: Quattro Pro 10 (
594:
517:
423:
363:Loma Prieta earthquake
776:on February 19, 2006.
770:"Boeing Calc dot com"
645:2000: Quattro Pro 9 (
638:1998: Quattro Pro 8 (
631:1996: Quattro Pro 7 (
601:1991: Quattro Pro 2.0
598:1989: Quattro Pro 1.0
592:
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421:
267:program developed by
189:; 2 years ago
1253:Spreadsheet software
998:Proprietary freeware
950:Free and open-source
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54:improve this article
27:Spreadsheet software
567:filename extensions
1232:Online spreadsheet
1128:IBM Lotus Symphony
843:The New York Times
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277:WordPerfect Office
136:Original author(s)
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579:Apache OpenOffice
434:Both the QPW and
372:quality assurance
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344:assembly language
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16:(Redirected from
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271:and now sold by
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69:"Quattro Pro"
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65:Find sources:
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43:This article
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1263:DOS software
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1143:Lotus Improv
1055:Discontinued
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942:Spreadsheets
898:. Retrieved
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873:. Retrieved
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819:. Retrieved
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774:the original
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