Quebec sovereignty movement

2462:: "(they) are not nations that can be yanked out of Canada against their will by a provincial majority.... With few exceptions (they) wish to enjoy their right to self-government within Canada, not within a sovereign Quebec." International human rights expert Erica-Irene Daes says the change "will leave the most marginalized and excluded of all the world's peoples without a legal, peaceful weapon to press for genuine democracy...." This concern is connected to the claim that if Quebec were to be considered its own autonomous nation-state then it need not honour the treaties and agreements that were signed between First Nations and the British and French Crowns and are now maintained by the Canadian federal government. Concern for this may stem from perception of neo-colonial or eurocentric attitudes in the leadership of former Quebec premiers, such as 1506: 1855:

follows to the first hard line question of "Do you believe that Quebec should become a country separate from Canada?" 34% replied yes, 54% said no, and 13% were unsure. To the less clear question of "Do you agree that Quebec should become sovereign after having made a formal offer to Canada for a new economic and political partnership within a scope of the bill respecting the future of Quebec?" support for separation increased to 40% yes, the no vote still led with 41%, and the unsure increased to 19%. The most startling revelation of the poll was in the fact that only 20% or 1 in 5 polled believed that Quebec would ever separate from Canada.

2669:

numbers surprise me, they're so clear across the country.... You look at Francophones outside Quebec, it's the same result.... Overall, outside the French in Quebec, all the other groups across the country are against this notion." The exact question of the November 2006 poll was, "Currently, there is a political debate on recognizing Quebec as a nation. Do you personally consider that Quebecers form a nation or not?" Canadians from every region outside Quebec, non-Francophone Quebecers (62 percent), Francophone Canadians outside Quebec (77 percent) all rejected the idea.

1769: 833: 1755:

Commons the power to decide whether a proposed referendum question was considered clear, and allowed it to decide whether a clear majority has expressed itself in any referendum. It is widely considered by sovereignists as an illegitimate piece of legislation, who asserted that Quebec alone had the right to determine its terms of secession. Chrétien considered the legislation among his most significant accomplishments.

1851:

believe that Quebec does need greater sovereignty but should remain part of Canada. However the poll did reveal that a majority (79%) of Quebecers still desired to achieve more autonomy. The number one area of autonomy that those polled had hoped for was with regard to culture at 34%, the next highest areas of autonomy cherished were the economy at 32%, taxation at 26%, and immigration and the environment at 15% each.

1354:

difficult economic times, as the barriers to trade between Canada and the United States were then very high. Quebec would have been a nation of 7 million people stuck between two impenetrable protectionist countries. In the event of having to compete against Quebec, rather than support it, Canada could easily maintain its well-established links with the United States to prosper in foreign trade.

77: 1799:"Sovereignty-Association" is nowadays more often referred to simply as "sovereignty". However, in the 1995 Quebec referendum, in which the sovereignty option was narrowly rejected, the notion of some form of economic association with the rest of Canada was still envisaged (continuing use of the Canadian dollar and military, for example) and was referred to as "Sovereignty-Partnership" (French: 5313: 2703: 2490: 1673: 767: 325: 138: 2802: 5832: 1576: 1208: 1074: 497: 36: 605:, began. During this period, French Canadians began to express an indigenous form of nationalism which emphasized their longstanding residence in North America. To most French Canadians, the only Canadians were the descendants of the French settlers of New France, while the British colonists were viewed as an extension of Britain. The period was briefly interrupted by the 2455:), and as citizens of Canada. The Cree have stated that a unilateral declaration of independence by Quebec would be a violation of fundamental principles of human rights, democracy and consent. If secession were to proceed, the Cree argue that they would seek protection through the Canadian courts as well as asserting Cree jurisdiction over its people and lands. 2389:. With regard to the creation of the sovereignist movement, language issues were but a sub-stratum of larger cultural, social and political differences. Many scholars point to historical events as framing the cause for ongoing support for sovereignty in Quebec, while more contemporary politicians may point to the aftermath of more recent developments like the 455:

sovereigntists cite is that if Quebec were independent, Québécois would have a national citizenship, which would solve the problem of Québécois cultural identity in the North American context (ex. who is a Québécois and who is not, what is uniquely Québécois, etc.). Another example is that by establishing an independent Quebec, sovereigntists believe that the

3855: 848:, as this section doesn't explain the events of the Quiet Revolution and how it made the modern sovereignist movement emerge. As such, the reader will understand the modern movement poorly and won't understand how it led to the referendums. The sentences here also fail to flow into each other to tell a cohesive series of events. 987:'s city hall during a state visit to Canada. In doing so, he deeply offended the federal government, and English Canadians felt he had demonstrated contempt for the sacrifice of Canadian soldiers who died on the battlefields of France in two world wars. The visit was cut short and de Gaulle left the country. 668:

unforeseen event, as we are offered from time to time in the course of the present times, provides us with a favorable opportunity to take our place among the independent sovereignties of America. We missed two great opportunities: let's all be prepared for a third. – 1837 Address of the Sons of Liberty

296: – a principle that includes the possibility of choosing between integration with a third state, political association with another state or independence – so that Québécois, collectively and by democratic means, give themselves a sovereign state with its own independent 2442:

from Akwsasne: "How can Quebec, with no economic base and no land base, ask to become sovereign? How can Quebec be a nation when they have no constitution? We have had a constitution since before the American revolution." Here the argument expresses the claim that the Mohawk nation has a greater case

2354:

majority (78% of the provincial population) are threatened with assimilation by either the rest of Canada or, as in Metropolitan France, by Anglophone culture more generally, and that the best way to preserve language, identity and culture is via the creation of an independent political entity. Other

1754:

would recognize a vote by any province to leave Canada. It required a majority of eligible voters for a vote to trigger secession talks, not merely a plurality of votes. In addition, the act requires a clear question of secession to initiate secession talks. Controversially, the act gave the House of

1647:

The Parti Québécois won re-election despite losing the popular vote to Jean Charest and the Quebec Liberals. In the number of seats won by both sides, the election was almost a clone of the previous 1994 election. However, public support for sovereignty remained too low for the PQ to consider holding

1517:

question differed from the 1980 question in that the negotiation of an association with Canada was now optional. The open-ended wording of the question resulted in significant confusion, particularly amongst the 'Yes' side, as to what exactly they were voting for. This was a primary motivator for the

1410:

Accusations of an orchestrated effort of "election engineering" in several polling stations in areas with large numbers of non-francophone voters, which resulted in unusually large proportions of rejected ballots, were raised following the 1995 referendum. Afterward, testimony by PQ-appointed polling

1353:

The hyphen between the words "sovereignty" and "association" was often stressed by Lévesque and other PQ members, to make it clear that both were inseparable. The reason stated was that if Canada decided to boycott Quebec exports after voting for independence, the new country would have to go through

1349:

Lévesque expressly identified the EC as his model for forming a new relationship between sovereign Quebec and the rest of Canada, one that would loosen the political ties while preserving the economic links. The analogy, however, is counterproductive, suggesting Lévesque did not understand the nature

667:

The perfidious plans of the British authorities have broken all ties of sympathy with a motherland which shows itself to be insensitive. A separation has begun between parties whose union it will never be possible to cement again, but which will continue with increasing vigor, until an unexpected and

4048:

is set in Toronto in the late 1970s and several characters watch and sometimes comment upon the elections and sovereignist movement in Quebec. The sovereignist movement and its struggles are metaphorically linked to the difficulties the characters in the novel have with separating their own personal

2668:

In general, francophones outside Quebec oppose sovereignty or any form of national recognition for Quebec, while non-francophones, particularly the anglophone minority in Montreal, have also remained opposed. After polling heavily on the subject, marketing firm president Mark Leger concluded: "These

1406:

An inquiry by the director-general of elections concluded in 2007 that at least $ 500,000 was spent by the federalist camp in violation of Quebec's election laws. This law imposes a limit on campaign spending by both option camps. Parizeau's statement was also an admission of failure by the Yes camp

1850:

in June 2009 showed the support for Quebec separation was weaker at the time and separatism unlikely to occur in the near future. Polling data showed that 32% of Quebecers believe that Quebec had enough sovereignty and should remain part of Canada, 28% thought they should separate, and 30% say they

1391:

This time, the sovereignists lost in a very close vote: 50.6 percent to 49.4 percent, or only 53,498 votes out of more than 4,700,000 votes cast. However, after the vote many within the sovereignist camp were very upset that the vote broke down heavily along language lines. Approximately 90 percent

1375:

between Canada and Quebec, common tariffs against imports, and a common currency. In addition, joint political institutions would be established to administer these economic arrangements. But the sovereignist cause was hurt by the refusal of many politicians (most notably the premiers of several of

1155:

At its seventh national convention from June 1 to 3, 1979, the sovereignist adopted their strategy for the coming referendum. The PQ then began an aggressive effort to promote sovereignty-association by providing details of how the economic relations with the rest of Canada would include free trade

901:

On October 31, 1962, the Comité de libération nationale and, in November of the same year, the Réseau de résistance were set up. These two groups were formed by RIN members to organize non-violent but illegal actions, such as vandalism and civil disobedience. The most extremist individuals of these

471:

patriotic song appropriated by the anglophone majority of Canada. An independent Quebec would also adequately and definitively resolve the issue of needing to protect the French language in Quebec; French is the language of the majority in Quebec, but since it is the language of a cultural minority

4173:

by Harry Turtledove, the United States collapsed in the 1800s due to the retention of the Articles of Confederation, with states becoming sovereign nations by the 2090s. Quebec is an independent country in the 2090s, although it is not mentioned whether it remained an independent entity or seceded

3961:

includes both real and fictional Québécois separatist movements as integral to the plot. In the story, the United States has merged with Canada and Mexico to form the Organization of North American Nations (ONAN). Wheelchair-using Quebec separatists use a video so entertaining it leads to death to

430:

Through parliamentarism, Québécois currently possess a certain democratic control over the Quebec state. However, within the Canadian federation, Quebec does not have all the constitutional powers that would allow it to act as a true national government. Furthermore, the policies pursued by Quebec

2450:

have also asserted for many years that they are a separate people with the right to self-determination recognized under international law. They argue that no annexation of them or their territory to an independent Quebec should take place without their consent, and that if Quebec has the right to

1854:

The 2009 Angus Reid poll also revealed some effects of the Clarity Act in which they asked two questions, one a straightforward question for a separate nation, and the other a more muddled version on separation similar to the one posed in the 1995 referendum. The data on the questions revealed as

1553:

nations did partially support Quebec sovereignty. In 1985, 59 percent of Quebec's Inuit population, 56 percent of the Attikamek population, and 49 percent of the Montagnais population voted in favour of the Sovereignist Parti Québécois party. That year, three out of every four native reservations

1362:

on sovereignty-association. René Lévesque developed the idea of sovereignty-association to reduce the fear that an independent Quebec would face tough economic times. In fact, this proposal did result in an increase in support for a sovereign Quebec: polls at the time showed that people were more

1357:

Sovereignty-association as originally proposed would have meant that Quebec would become a politically independent state, but would maintain a formal association with Canada — especially regarding economic affairs. It was part of the 1976 sovereignist platform which swept the Parti Québécois into

752:

took off, with René Lévesque as one of its most recognizable figures. Various strategies were implemented since its rise, and it constitutes a continuity in French-speaking nationalism in North America. Now the patriotism is Quebec-focused, and the identifier has been changed from French-Canadian

4129:

discuss the nearby province of Quebec. Stanley muses that, being culturally French, the Québécois people would want to split off from the N.A.U. to become part of the Franco-Spanish Holy Alliance. However, the Francophobia of the Sons of Liberty prevents them from effectively joining forces with

405:

The idea of Quebec sovereignty is based on a nationalist vision and interpretation of historical facts and sociological realities in Quebec, which attest to the existence of a Québécois people and a Quebec nation. On November 27, 2006, the House of Commons of Canada adopted, by 266 votes to 16,

393:

are used to describe people adhering to this movement, although the latter term is perceived as pejorative by those concerned as it de-emphasizes that the sovereignty project aims to achieve political independence without severing economic connections with Canada. Most of the prime ministers of

1561:

of all origins voted "Yes". (82 percent of Quebecers are Francophone.) Later inquiries into irregularities determined that abuses had occurred on both sides: some argue that some "No" ballots had been rejected without valid reasons, and the October 27 "No" rally had evaded spending limitations

3991:

of the United States, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire, the puppet states of Poland and Ukraine, and the neutral powers of Italy and the Netherlands. Since the United States organized this separation to weaken Anglophone Canada (and the UK by extension) and to aid in the

1868:

conducted a poll on the question. When asked whether they would vote Yes or No in the event of a referendum, 41% of the respondents said they would vote Yes. In 2011, the sovereignist movement splintered, with several new parties being formed by disaffected politicians, with some politicians

1387:

reads, "We, the people of Quebec, declare it our own will to be in full possession of all the powers of a state; to levy all our taxes, to vote on all our laws, to sign all our treaties and to exercise the highest power of all, conceiving, and controlling, by ourselves, our fundamental law."

1299:

were supplanted by waves of British immigrants, notably outside of Quebec (where they became a minority) but within the province as well, as much of the province's economy was dominated by English-Canadians. The cause of Québécois nationalism, which waxed and waned over two centuries, gained

454:

Although Quebec's independence movement is a political movement, cultural and social concerns that are much older than the sovereignist movement, as well as Quebecers' national identity, are also at the base for the desire to emancipate Quebec's population. One of the main cultural arguments

1654:

to govern the wording of any future referendum questions and the conditions under which a vote for sovereignty would be recognized as legitimate. Federal Liberal politicians stated that the ambiguous wording of the 1995 referendum question was the primary impetus in the bill's drafting.

1452:

federal cabinet minister Lucien Bouchard. Several PC and Liberal members of the federal parliament left their parties to form the BQ. For the first time, the PQ supported pro-sovereigntist forces running in federal elections; during his lifetime Lévesque had always opposed such a move.

677:

is the period beginning after the defeat of the Patriotes in the rebellions of 1837–1838 and lasting until the Quiet Revolution. It concerns the survival strategies employment by the French-Canadian nation and the ultramontane of the Catholic Church following the enactment of the

1338:

The type of association between an independent Quebec and the rest of Canada was described as a monetary and customs union as well as joint political institutions to administer the relations between the two countries. The main inspiration for this project was the then-emerging

1533:(native speakers of neither English nor French) in immigrant communities and first-generation descendants. The lowest support for the Yes side came from Mohawk, Cree, and Inuit voters in Quebec, some first Nations chiefs asserted their right to self-determination with the 7189: 414:

unanimously adopted a motion recognizing "the positive character" of the motion adopted by Ottawa and proclaiming that said motion did not diminish "the inalienable rights, the constitutional powers and the privileges of the “National Assembly and of the Quebec nation”.

3911:, depicts a meeting between the president of Quebec and the prime minister of Canada to discuss a crisis involving Quebec military occupations of parts of Ontario and New Brunswick. Canada's armed forces are stretched thin with peacekeepers in such varied places as the 1892:

to more strongly entrench French as the sole official language. In response to this, the Bloc Québécois initiated a motion in the House of Commons endorsing the constitutionality of Legault's initiatives. The Commons passed the motion 281–2. There were 36 abstentions.

874:

The Quiet Revolution in Quebec brought widespread change in the 1960s. Among other changes, support for Quebec independence began to form and grow in some circles. The first organization dedicated to the independence of Quebec was the Alliance Laurentienne, founded by

1350:

and purpose of the European Community nor the relationship between economics and politics that continue to underpin it. Advocates of European integration had, from the outset, seen political union as a desirable and natural consequence of economic integration.

3840:

A single study found that Quebec's separatist governments did not have a large negative impact on Quebec's economy – as sometimes seen with other independence movements in other countries – possibly due to a lack of violence.

704:

in New England and Northeastern Ontario among other places. It led to the creation of permanent resistance movements in those new locations. Groups of nationalists outside Quebec have since then promoted Quebec's cultural identity, along with that of the

255: 690:, a phlegmatic character was adopted in response to the mass immigration of English-speaking immigrants. Some French Canadians left Quebec during this period in search of job security and protection of their culture. This phenomenon, known as the 1134:, the PQ won 71 seats — a majority in the National Assembly. With voting turnouts high, 41.4 percent of the electorate voted for the PQ. Prior to the election, the PQ renounced its intention to implement sovereignty-association if it won power. 950:

The historical context of the time was a period when many former European colonies were becoming independent. Some advocates of Quebec independence saw Quebec's situation in a similar light; numerous activists were influenced by the writings of

426:

and if its inhabitants not only govern themselves through independent democratic political institutions, but are also free to establish external relations and makes international treaties without the federal government of Canada being involved.

2637:" ("no interference and no indifference"), which epitomizes the official position of the French State. In other words, while the Quebec people vote to stay within Canada, France will officially support the Canadian Confederation the way it is. 2451:

leave Canada then the Cree people have the right to choose to keep their territory in Canada. Cree arguments generally do not claim the right to secede from Canada; rather, the Cree see themselves as a people bound to Canada by treaty (see the

1173:

with a stronger majority than in 1976, obtaining 49.2 percent of the vote and winning 80 seats. However, they did not hold a referendum in their second term, and put sovereignty on hold, concentrating on their stated goal of "good government".

1803:). It remains a part of the PQ program and is tied to national independence in the minds of most Quebecers. This part of the PQ program has always been controversial, especially since Canadian federal politicians usually refuse the concept. 2779:). The opponents of the sovereignty movement view the project as ethnically exclusive, based on its rejection by non-Francophones. This position is disputed by the PQ, which claims its goal is all-embracing and essentially civic in nature. 2443:

for self-determination due to already having a more legitimate claim to distinct nationhood that is based on traditional lands and a constitution predating confederation as well as the creation of Quebec and a Québécois identity.

1392:

of English speakers and allophones (mostly immigrants and first-generation Quebecers whose native language is neither French or English) Quebecers voted against the referendum, while almost 60 percent of Francophones voted Yes.

1414:

While opponents of sovereignty were pleased with the defeat of the referendum, most recognized that there were still deep divides within Quebec and problems with the relationship between Quebec and the rest of the country.

1137:

On August 26, 1977, the PQ passed two main laws: first, the law on the financing of political parties, which prohibits contributions by corporations and unions and set a limit on individual donations, and second, the

6450: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6415: 6410: 1658:

While opponents of sovereignty were pleased with their referendum victories, most recognized that there are still deep divides within Quebec and problems with the relationship between Quebec and the rest of Canada.

3903:

Television in 1977. In the movie, the Parti Québécois has formed the government of Quebec but Premier Gaston Bélisle has repeatedly put off its promise to hold a referendum. International politics forces Bélisle's

6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6466: 5183: 2296:(1994-2012) – this was a provincial political party that split off from the Quebec Liberal Party and ultimately merged into Coalition Avenir Québec. It was originally sovereigntist and later supported autonomy. 3929:

provoked controversy by imagining a future Quebec in which English-speakers were an oppressed minority, complete with a violent resistance movement. One planned stage version was cancelled before its premiere.

1812:("Season of ideas") which is a public consultation aiming to gather the opinions of Quebecers on its sovereignty project. The new program and the revised sovereignty project was adopted at the 2005 Congress. 2067:

is a patriotic and non-partisan network of 19 societies. They have a stated mission of defending and promoting Quebecers' identity, as well as Quebec's language, history, culture and heritage. Its societies

1367:

to proclaim that what Quebecers want is an independent Quebec inside a strong Canada, thereby comparing the sovereignist movement to a spoiled child that has everything it could desire and still wants more.

2415:) that sovereignty politics has distracted Quebecers from the real economic problems of Quebec, and that sovereignty by itself cannot solve those problems. In 2005 they published their position statement, " 5115: 2355:

distinguishing factors, such as religious differences (given the Catholic majority in Quebec), are also used to justify either separation or nationalist social policies advocated by the Parti Québécois.

560:

are terms derived from the modern independence movement, which started during the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s. However, the roots of Quebecers' desire for political autonomy are much older than that.

4484: 2044: 1644:

warned "It's two or three minutes to midnight". Bouchard did not accept his invitation; organizers did not invite Chrétien. Experts debated whether Quebec was a "distinct society" or "unique culture".

902:

groups left to form the FLQ, which, unlike all the other groups, had made the decision to resort to violence in order to reach its goal of independence for Quebec. Shortly after the November 14, 1962,

5537: 2062: 3996:

of the United States, rather than being truly independent. This is later demonstrated in the series when Québécois soldiers release their US counterparts from occupation duties in Canada during the

1843:, with the Bloc at a total of four seats and the loss of official party status in the Commons (compared to the NDP's 59 seats, Conservatives' five seats, and the Liberals' seven seats in Quebec). 5432: 4194: 4930: 7194: 1156:

between Canada and Quebec, common tariffs against imports, and a common currency. In addition, joint political institutions would be established to administer these economic arrangements.

1562:

because of out-of-province participation. An inquiry by "Le Directeur général des élections" concluded in 2007 that the "No" camp had exceeded the campaign spending limits by $ 500,000.

2661:

The other nine provinces of Canada have generally been opposed to Quebec sovereignty. Aside from marginal movements, the only major secessionist movement in English Canada has been the

4093:, Hans Gruber, the terrorist leader, demands, as a ruse, the release of imprisoned members of the fictional group Liberté du Québec. (Presumably meant to be a fictional version of the 2763:

Sovereignty has very little support among Quebec Anglophones or immigrant communities. About 60% of Francophones voted "Yes" in 1995, and with the exception of weak "Yes" support from

5092: 3517: 5613: 5325: 4544: 7252: 4000:, allowing the United States to focus its military efforts against the Confederacy. The Republic of Quebec in this alternate timeline is in a similar geopolitical situation to the 7206: 5407: 1941:

is a network composed of several member organisations, all of which are non-partisan. The RCI states that it seeks to promote and realize Quebec's independence. Its members are:

5891: 4514: 1411:

clerks indicated that they were ordered by PQ-appointed overseers to reject ballots in these polling stations for frivolous reasons that were not covered in the election laws.

6673: 5152: 4453: 4125:

never occurs, resulting in the creation of the North American Union, a dominion of the British Empire. En route to the Six Nations, Thomas Bushell and Samuel Stanley of the

3382: 7211: 7246: 5285: 5175: 5061: 4143:", Homer Simpson is invited to an exclusive garden party by Trent Steel, a successful businessman whom he meets as a result of changing his name to Max Power. President 5618: 5588: 2299: 2247: 1819:, the PQ lost power to the Liberal Party. However, in early 2004, the Liberal government of Paul Martin had proved to be unpopular, and that, combined with the federal 883: 1264:

The history of the relations between French-Canadians and English-Canadians in Canada has been marked by periods of tension. After colonizing Canada from 1608 onward,

5308:

Yale, François, and Claire Durand. "What did Quebeckers want? Impact of question wording, constitutional proposal and context on support for sovereignty, 1976–2008."

5004: 4164:

says he supports independence for Quebec, cutting to a room of Québécois saying "Viva Jay Sherman! Viva Quebec!" and unfurling a banner depicting Sherman as a beaver.

4058:

there are references made to a separatist Quebec nation who in return for independence helped the then formed 'Confederated States of America' take control of Canada.

1371:

In 1979 the PQ began an aggressive effort to promote sovereignty-association by providing details of how the economic relations with the rest of Canada would include

2644:

has stated on the record that he opposes the separation of Quebec from Canada. This changed back to the view of the French Foreign Office under Sarkozy's successor,

7216: 5373: 588:, the first permanent settlement for French colonists and their descendants in New France (who were called Canadiens, Canayens or Habitants). Following the British 5987: 4272: 2569:

in orientation. There is no mass conservative movement in Quebec's political culture on the provincial level, due notably to strong government interventionism and

601:, which lasted from 1760 to the late 18th century and sought to restore the traditional rights of French Canadians that had been abolished by the British with the 431:

and those pursued by the federal government often come into conflict. Various attempts to reform the Canadian federal system have failed (most notably the defunct

7469: 7199: 6256: 4328:

I propose that the preamble of such a Constitution should read as follows: We, the people of Quebec... hereby declare the formation of the Republic of Quebec....

3625: 1383:, which stated that Quebec should offer a new economic and political partnership to Canada before declaring independence. An English translation of part of the 1376:

the other provinces) to support the idea of negotiations with an independent Quebec, contributing to the Yes side losing by a vote of 60 percent to 40 percent.

6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 3709: 3311: 5557: 4476: 1987: 682:

which established a system whose goal was to force the cultural and linguistic assimilation of French Canadians into English-Canadian culture. In addition to

5914: 5901: 5858: 5791: 3945:, discovered as Quebec moves to secede, clash with the ramifications of a rediscovered secret treaty negotiated between the U.K. and U.S. governments during 2724: 2511: 1694: 1495: 1331:

The Parti Québécois defines sovereignty as the power for a state to levy all its taxes, vote on all its laws, and sign all its treaties (as mentioned in the

788: 346: 155: 49: 3864: 3161: 7443: 7073: 6545: 5739: 2032: 5878: 5427: 481: 3134: 1951: 1537:

being particularly vocal in their right to stay territories within Canada. More than 96% of the Inuit and Cree voted No in the referendum. However, The

6502: 5532: 6420: 6405: 5234: 4938: 4420: 1586: 1218: 1084: 921:(FLQ) was founded by three Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale members who had met each other as part of the Réseau de résistance. They were 507: 1449: 6027: 1869:

dissatisfied with slow progress towards independence, and others hoping to put the sovereignty question on the backburner. Leadership by PQ leader

4836: 2452: 589: 307:, would be better equipped to promote its own economic, social, ecological, and cultural development. Quebec's sovereignist movement is based on 4758: 733:. The confrontations and divergence of political opinions led to the rise of a new form of nationalism, called clerico-nationalism, promoted by 7437: 6924: 5821: 5519: 4378: 4235:"Les Patriotes de 1837@1838 – Adresse des Fils de la Liberté (1837). Présentation et annotation de M. Daniel Latouche (Le Manuel de la parole)" 2999: 4832:

Parliamentary Research Branch (PRB) of the Library of Parliament, "ABORIGINAL PEOPLES AND THE 1995 QUEBEC REFERENDUM: A SURVEY OF THE ISSUES"

4733: 3355: 6218: 6208: 3409: 1301: 1197: 999: 5542: 5084: 1925: 1020:. The group claimed responsibility for the bombing of the Montreal Stock Exchange, and in 1970 the FLQ kidnapped British Trade Commissioner 7552: 7373: 5868: 5393: 4536: 4199: 3188: 7481: 7303: 4242: 3736: 2370:; French Canadians in Canada were subsumed by waves of British immigrants. This argument makes the claim that Quebecers have the right of 2329: 418:

Sovereignists believe that the natural final outcome of the Québécois people's collective adventure and development is the achievement of

202: 5947: 5598: 5583: 5578: 5468: 4094: 3983:(an alternative World War I), in which the United States defeats Canada, the United Kingdom and the other Entente Powers (including the 3080: 2588: 2293: 2253: 2038: 1384: 918: 895: 174: 7464: 3026: 1433:

under Jacques Parizeau, this time with 44.75% of the popular vote. In the intervening years, the failures of the Meech Lake Accord and

947:

are organized. The stated objective of these Estates General was to consult the French-Canadian people on their constitutional future.

4712: 3436: 2317: 1476:, but neither of these parties enjoyed the official support of the PQ; nor did they enjoy significant public support among Quebecers. 6774: 6249: 4506: 86: 7420: 6980: 2918: 2750: 2537: 1820: 1720: 1619: 1251: 1117: 890:

quickly becoming its leader. On August 9 of the same year, the Action socialiste pour l'indépendance du Québec (ASIQ) was formed by

814: 540: 372: 239: 221: 119: 63: 5148: 4445: 3778: 1505: 911: 181: 5301:

Somers, Kim, and François Vaillancourt. "Some economic dimensions of the sovereignty debate in Quebec: debt, GDP, and migration."

1300:

prominence from the 1960s onward. The use of the word "sovereignty" and many of the ideas of this movement originated in the 1967

7055: 6959: 6863: 6717: 6203: 6052: 5992: 5937: 5784: 5603: 5479: 4798: 4264: 4209: 2864: 1363:

likely to support independence if Quebec maintained an economic partnership with Canada. This line of politics led the outspoken

944: 854: 55: 4001: 2561:

Right and Left must be interpreted within the provincial context; Liberal Party politics generally coincide with those of other

1835:

lost two additional seats, bringing their total down to 49, but was still the most popular federal party in Quebec up until the

1152:

resigned, telling the press he was convinced that the PQ was going to lose its referendum and fail to be re-elected afterwards.

7332: 7184: 6573: 6538: 5400: 4169: 2287: 2281: 1469: 448: 5057: 5034: 1525:

The "No" campaign won, but only by a very small margin — 50.6% to 49.4%. As in the previous referendum, the English-speaking (

7078: 6703: 6647: 6002: 4720: 4361:

Drouilly Pierre, L'année politique au Québec 1997–1998 _Les tendances du vote 1985–1995 Université du Québec à Montréal, 1999

4298: 2728: 2515: 1885: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1698: 1480: 1473: 1465: 1461: 1139: 792: 350: 188: 159: 2627: 2259: 1051: 1013:(PQ), and later that month Pierre Bourgault, leader of the RIN, dissolved his party and invited its members to join the PQ. 4994: 4311: 7408: 7167: 6995: 6242: 5808: 5608: 4875:

Jenson, Jane; Papillon, Martin (2000). "Challenging the Citizenship Regime: The James Bay Cree and transnational action".

4859: 4126: 4008:. Its head of state is styled as Premier, and its national legislature either includes or is called the House of Deputies. 3984: 3544: 1430: 1131: 991: 407: 4913: 4660: 4084:, Quebec exists as a sovereign nation alongside the United Canadian American States and the Confederated American States. 1483:, which featured the collapse of Progressive Conservative Party support, the BQ won enough seats in Parliament to become 7381: 6635: 6163: 6142: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6017: 5975: 3766: 3670: 3655: 3343: 3218: 2678: 2573:

shared by all parties since the 1960s (the so-called "Quebec Consensus" since the Quiet Revolution), and the province's

2459: 1816: 1633: 1484: 1181: 1170: 1043: 1016:

Meanwhile, in 1969 the FLQ stepped up its campaign of violence, which would culminate in what would become known as the

903: 472:

in Canada – and since Quebec does not have the legislative powers of an independent state – French is still threatened.

170: 7498: 7241: 3871: 3463: 845: 720: 7526: 7122: 7117: 7030: 6814: 6338: 5932: 5924: 5863: 5777: 5562: 4054: 1999: 1146: 1047: 411: 7264: 3830: 2713: 2500: 1827:, the Bloc Québécois won 54 of Quebec's 75 seats in the House of Commons, compared to 33 previously. However, in the 1683: 1601: 1233: 1099: 777: 522: 335: 7040: 6949: 6731: 6668: 6531: 6118: 5955: 5853: 5649: 3339: 3214: 1881: 1858:

2011 was considered a watershed year for the sovereignist movement. In the aftermath of the 2011 federal election,

1530: 1488: 726: 620: 602: 2732: 2717: 2519: 2504: 1702: 1687: 1529:) minority in Quebec overwhelmingly (about 90%) rejected sovereignty, support for sovereignty was also weak among 796: 781: 354: 339: 148: 7105: 6346: 6193: 5677: 4686: 4449: 4029: 2776: 1847: 1526: 1400: 1281: 1166:

In September, the PQ created a national committee of Anglophones and a liaison committee with ethnic minorities.

90: 7531: 6954: 6173: 5734: 3941:

is set against a fictional attempt at secession in the late 1980s. Rights to newly discovered oil resources in

2662: 2411:

It has been argued by prominent Quebecers (sovereignists and ex-sovereignists, including former Quebec premier

1738: 1269: 1036: 738: 685: 634: 6037: 6012: 6007: 5290:

Mendelsohn, Matthew. "Rational choice and socio-psychological explanation for opinion on Quebec sovereignty."

3284: 2435: 2416: 2311: 2945: 7486: 7149: 7144: 7132: 7025: 6725: 6198: 5757: 5746: 5684: 3967: 2427: 1403:." His opinion caused an outcry among English-speaking Quebecers, and he resigned following the referendum. 977: 7066: 4711:

Carens, Joseph H., ed. (1995), Is Quebec Nationalism Just?: Perspectives from Anglophone Canada, Montreal,

7277: 7093: 6944: 6939: 6837: 6825: 6683: 6678: 6582: 6095: 6090: 5497: 5473: 5463: 5458: 5206: 4769: 4404: 3900: 2596: 2367: 2363: 2148: 1889: 1514: 1424: 1380: 1332: 1289: 1160: 1063: 616: 460: 419: 385:

The goal of Quebec's sovereignist movement is to make Quebec an independent state. In practice, the terms

259: 5266:

Des Granges, Cara. "Finding Legitimacy: Examining Quebec Sovereignty from Pre-Confederation to Present."

195: 7035: 6934: 6919: 5705: 4833: 4340: 2551: 2386: 1149: 6507: 5997: 5970: 5635: 5547: 4617:"Mouvement national des Québécoises et Québécois – Fier coordonnateur de la Fête nationale depuis 1984" 3666: 2181: 1913: 1437:

had revived support for sovereignty, which had been written off as a dead issue for much of the 1980s.

1010: 1494:

At the Royal Commission on the Future of Quebec (also known as the Outaouais Commission) in 1995, the

7348: 7309: 7083: 7050: 6975: 6721: 6606: 6265: 6178: 6128: 6123: 5960: 5513: 4755: 4189: 4184: 4101: 3952: 3805: 3762: 3651: 2645: 2400: 2385:

is officially bilingual and about one-third Francophone. Another rationale is based on resentment of

2155: 1907: 1840: 1734: 1445: 1434: 1344: 1323: 679: 440: 436: 4371: 2814: 633:

was the period lasting from the beginning of the 19th century to the defeat of the Patriotes at the

7508: 7342: 7315: 7226: 7161: 7000: 6990: 6898: 6868: 6769: 6223: 6183: 6168: 5965: 5848: 5552: 4741: 4591: 4268: 4122: 4037: 2891: 2620: 1919: 1877: 1637: 1318:

The creation of a political and economic association between this new independent state and Canada.

1273: 1185: 937: 585: 577: 5642: 5259:

Clarke, Harold D., and Allan Kornberg. "Choosing Canada? The 1995 Quebec Sovereignty Referendum."

5176:"Quebec Mohawks likely to declare own independence if PQ wins sovereignty referendum: Grand Chief" 3598: 3571: 2346:

Justifications for Quebec's sovereignty are historically nationalistic in character, claiming the

2190: 1177: 1032: 998:

left that party when it refused to discuss sovereignty at a party convention. Lévesque formed the

995: 6764: 6640: 6623: 6616: 6188: 6158: 6113: 5800: 5729: 4892: 4214: 4204: 4016: 3980: 2616: 2371: 2050: 1340: 1285: 926: 710: 624: 606: 573: 308: 293: 281: 6022: 5698: 5448: 3490: 2227: 1859: 1593: 1225: 1091: 514: 97: 4234: 4108:, Quebec has attained sovereignty and is an energetic/economic superpower within North America. 2602:

the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada building links with the sovereignist in the 1980s;

891: 7297: 7284: 7236: 6893: 6888: 6791: 6748: 6688: 6628: 6566: 6554: 6213: 5840: 5226: 5123: 4716: 4566: 4412: 4294: 3997: 3972: 3922: 3916: 3257: 2623: 2619:, the French political right has traditionally been warmer to sovereignists as in the case of 2592: 2566: 2396: 2359: 2347: 1441: 1265: 967: 922: 734: 648: 456: 432: 4507:"New Movement For Quebec: Prominent Sovereigntists Publish Manifesto, Slam PQ As Spent Force" 1448:(BQ), a sovereignist federal political party, under the leadership of the charismatic former 894:. The "independence + socialism" project of the ASIQ was a source of political ideas for the 7291: 7127: 7060: 6903: 6820: 6796: 6759: 6753: 6652: 6310: 5593: 5527: 5218: 4973: 4884: 4140: 4118: 3976: 3912: 2555: 2550:

The separatist movement draws from the left and right spectrum; a sizeable minority of more

2378: 2323: 1751: 1741: 1546: 1396: 1296: 887: 4962:"À la demande du Québec : la diplomatie québécoise de la France de 1969 à 1980 (Note)" 1648:

a second referendum during their second term. Meanwhile, the federal government passed the

7503: 7362: 7271: 6883: 6847: 6842: 6832: 6779: 6589: 6333: 6292: 6279: 5816: 5691: 4917: 4863: 4840: 4773: 4762: 4510: 4113: 2972: 2641: 2554:

Quebecers support the PQ because of the sovereignty issue, despite reservations about its

2463: 2422:

Some arguments against sovereignty claim that the movement is illegitimate because of its

2412: 2391: 2351: 2275: 1457: 876: 742: 730: 701: 697: 565: 468: 423: 6325: 3682: 1782:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

832: 7491: 7337: 7138: 7011: 6985: 6784: 6696: 6320: 6315: 6297: 6284: 6080: 5453: 4805: 4799:"Claims to Identity in Determining Resources for Indigenous Social Movements in Canada" 4148: 4068: 4063: 3988: 3892: 2772: 1870: 1550: 1393: 1364: 1025: 1017: 729:

coming to power in 1920 created an upheaval in French-Canadian society for most of the

656: 638: 444: 410:

recognizing that “Québécois form a nation within a united Canada”. On November 30, the

5026: 1502:, recommended to the committee that Quebec declare itself as an independent republic. 1399:, whose government supported sovereignty, attributed the defeat of the resolution to " 1304:

of René Lévesque. This movement ultimately gave birth to the Parti Québécois in 1968.

1005:

He achieved that goal in October 1968 when the MSA held its only national congress in

7546: 7111: 7099: 7016: 6873: 6302: 5030: 4896: 4024: 3957: 3932: 2439: 2382: 1499: 936:

In 1964, the RIN became a provincial political party. In 1965, the more conservative

930: 907: 5280:

McCulloch, Tony. "A quiet revolution in diplomacy: Quebec–UK relations since 1960."

3053: 1640:

in September 1997 to discuss how to oppose the sovereignty movement. Saskatchewan's

17: 5909: 5886: 5663: 5222: 4144: 4135: 4072: 4005: 3993: 3937: 2570: 2423: 956: 952: 660: 652: 297: 101: 2810: 2438:

peoples and their sympathizers. This sentiment is summed up by a quotation from a

637:

in 1837, the final battle in the Patriotes War. It began with the founding of the

398:

in French to moderate remarks made on the Quebec electorate. In English, the term

4909:

The Grand Council of Crees, Cree Legal Struggle Against the Great Whale Project,

3107: 2308:(2005-2010) - once a political club that operated from within the Parti Québécois 7388: 7154: 6929: 6802: 5751: 5486: 5379: 4888: 4315: 3946: 2702: 2585: 2489: 2141: 1746: 1672: 1650: 1641: 1558: 1513:

Parizeau promptly advised the Lieutenant Governor to call a new referendum. The

1021: 1006: 766: 581: 459:

and their collective memory will be adequately protected, in particular against

324: 254: 137: 4856: 2302:(1995-2000) - organisation which organized pro-independence protests and events 7426: 7367: 7355: 7258: 6085: 5723: 5385: 5088: 4910: 4664: 4477:"Sondage Léger Marketing-Le Devoir – L'appui à la souveraineté ne fléchit pas" 4156: 3942: 2562: 2162: 1372: 1359: 1277: 5230: 5127: 4416: 4343:(in French). Le Directeur Général des Elections du Québec. September 13, 2010 1358:

power in that year's provincial elections – and included a promise to hold a

292:. Sovereignists suggest that the people of Quebec make use of their right to 6611: 6032: 5831: 5656: 4999: 4080: 4012: 2377:

Eight of the other Canadian provinces are overwhelmingly (greater than 95%)

2305: 2172: 1864: 1542: 1407:

in getting the newly arrived Quebecers to adhere to their political option.

960: 714: 5292:

Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue canadienne de science politique

5207:"Love on the rocks: The causal effects of separatist governments in Quebec" 5116:"QUEBEC'S NATIVES ALMOST UNANIMOUS' IN OPPOSITION TO SECESSION FROM CANADA" 4147:, a guest at the garden party, is called away to deal with Quebec 'getting 4019:

is initially a Québécois freedom fighter, who resorts to acts of terrorism.

3962:

accomplish their goals of both Quebec independence and the end of the ONAN.

3230: 2326:(2011-2018) - provincial political party which merged into Québec solidaire 1750:, a law that, amongst other things, set out the conditions under which the 2633:

The French Foreign Office motto concerning Quebec's national question is "

1972:

Mouvement des étudiants souverainistes de l’université de Montréal (MESUM)

6878: 6710: 6042: 5982: 4089: 4075:, Quebec is independent and referred to as the "Free Province of Quebec". 2574: 984: 706: 569: 464: 4855:

The Grand Council of the Crees, "50 Percent Plus One Vote Insufficient"

4765:; Quebec's “territorial integrity” against First Nations, The Red Flag, 3987:); upon its founding, the Republic is officially recognised only by the 2591:

supporting the Yes side in the 1995 Quebec referendum. They now support

2580:

There are, of course, quite a few exceptions. Notable examples include:

1159:

Sovereignty-association was proposed to the population of Quebec in the

655:

in the early 19th century who were the Lower Canadian equivalent of the

7403: 7397: 6807: 5670: 5492: 5326:

UNESCO article on the evolution of Quebec nationalism (2002) (Archived)

5295: 4638: 2267: 1632:

Expecting Bouchard to announce another referendum if his party won the

1031:

Jacques Parizeau joined the Parti Québécois on September 19, 1969, and

971: 4690: 2809:

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

1636:, the leaders of all other provinces and territories gathered for the 564:

Francophone nationalism in North America dates back to 1534, the year

303:

Quebec sovereigntists believe that such a sovereign state, the Quebec

5769: 4978: 4961: 4834:

http://www2.parl.gc.ca/content/lop/researchpublications/bp412-e.htm#A

4161: 2612: 647:. It stands out for its notorious resistance to the influence of the 304: 289: 285: 6523: 5375:

The Question of Separatism: Quebec and the Struggle over Sovereignty

5275:

The question of separatism: Quebec and the struggle over sovereignty

4639:"Sociétés membres | Mouvement national des Québécoises et Québécois" 4377:. Le Directeur Général des Elections du Québec. September 13, 2010. 3992:

post-war occupation of Canada, the Republic of Quebec operated as a

2419:", ("For a lucid Quebec") which details the problems facing Quebec. 1163:. The proposal was rejected by 60 percent of the Quebec electorate. 4780:

Socialist Studies: The Journal of the Society for Socialist Studies

4754:

A Clash of Quiet Revolutions: Quebecers meet Native Nationalism. –

4537:"Bloc Québécois motion acknowledging Quebec's Bill 96 passes 281–2" 615:

but did not truly satisfy them, and was notably exacerbated by the

7474: 5339: 4756:

http://http-server.carleton.ca/~gfrajkor/zine97/group3/quebec.html

4663:. Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. Archived from 2764: 2686: 2431: 1504: 253: 6234: 4032:

was part of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) in his youth.

402:

is often used to accentuate negative dimensions of the movement.

7459: 2768: 2682: 2447: 1954:(OUI Québec) - previously "Conseil de la souveraineté du Québec" 1538: 1534: 619:, which ceded parts of the Quebec to the United States, and the 6527: 6238: 5773: 5389: 5355: 4766: 4293:

Dennis Swann (1992) The Economics of the Common Market, p. ix

2358:

The historical argument for Quebec independence stems from the

1993:

Société nationales des Québécoises et Québécois des Laurentides

3848: 2795: 2696: 2615:, although openness and support is found on both sides of the 2483: 1762: 1666: 1569: 1201: 1067: 826: 760: 753:

nationalism or identity to Québécois nationalism or identity.

748:

During the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s to 1970s, the modern

490: 318: 131: 70: 29: 4446:"Separation from Canada Unlikely for a Majority of Quebecers" 4160:

episode "L.A. Jay", in a dream sequence, Jay Sherman, at his

2775:

communities, most non-Francophones massively voted "No" (see

580:, and more particularly to 1608, the year of the founding of 439:), due to conflicting interests between the sovereignist and 4195:

List of subjects related to the Quebec independence movement

4312:"Brief to the Outaouais Commission on the Future of Quebec" 1975:

Mouvement progressiste pour l’indépendance du Québec (MPIQ)

1322:

It was first presented in Lévesque's political manifesto,

1050:. René Lévesque was defeated in Mont-Royal by the Liberal 3874:

any relevant information into other sections or articles.

2262:(PNC) (1967-1969) - religious provincial political party 7195:

Language policies of Canada's provinces and territories

5347: 5205:

Geloso, Vincent J.; Grier, Kevin B. (January 1, 2022).

5085:"Canadians and Liberals reject Quebec nationhood: poll" 4778:

Taiaiake, Alfred (2010). "Then and Now, For the Land".

2013:

Regroupement des mouvements indépendantistes collégiaux

1902:

Sovereignist political parties and parliamentary groups

1597: 1229: 1095: 850: 518: 7253:

Royal Commission of Inquiry on Constitutional Problems

5364: 5058:"France revives neutral policy on Quebec independence" 5027:"Sarkozy's sovereignty comments spark anger in Quebec" 4616: 2045:

Fédération des travailleurs et travailleuses du Québec

7207:

Official bilingualism in the public service of Canada

5149:"First Nations weigh in on Quebec sovereignty debate" 5330: 4041:, Canada's nightmare features an independent Quebec. 1315:

The achievement of sovereignty for the Quebec state.

700:

for 'great bleeding'), is the origin of the

268:(French for 'Yes, and it becomes possible'). 7519: 7452: 7325: 7225: 7177: 7009: 6968: 6912: 6856: 6741: 6661: 6599: 6495: 6459: 6396: 6355: 6272: 6151: 6106: 6051: 5946: 5923: 5900: 5877: 5839: 5807: 5715: 5627: 5571: 5538:

Mouvement national des Québécoises et des Québécois

5506: 5441: 4804:. University of Toronto. p. 12. Archived from 4405:"Provinces Brainstorm on Issue of Quebec Secession" 2063:

Mouvement national des Québécois et des Québécoises

162:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 7212:Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism 4314:. Marxist-Leninist Party of Canada. Archived from 4265:"Parti Québécois first elected 35 years ago today" 284:whose objective is to achieve the independence of 7247:Royal Commission on Dominion-Provincial Relations 4440: 4438: 2007:Comité indépendantiste du cégep du Vieux-Montréal 1978:Rassemblement pour l’indépendance nationale (RIN) 1952:Organisations unies pour l'indépendance du Québec 2466:, the self-proclaimed "Conqueror of the North". 2094:SNQ d’Abitibi-Témiscamingue et du Nord-du-Québec 1823:, contributed to a resurgence of the BQ. In the 7217:Timeline of official languages policy in Canada 1996:Société nationale Gaspésie—Îles-de-la-Madeleine 1839:, when the BQ was devastated by the federalist 1498:made a presentation in which the party leader, 665: 5614:Rassemblement démocratique pour l'indépendance 3979:, Quebec becomes a separate nation during the 2256:(FLQ) (1963-1972) - network of militant groups 1554:gave a majority to the Parti Québécois party. 1002:and set about uniting pro-sovereignty forces. 6539: 6250: 5785: 5401: 4167:In the young adults' alternate history novel 4067:by the French-born Canadian cyberpunk writer 3831:Archive of polls from 1962 until January 2008 1960:Les Intellectuels pour la souveraineté (IPSO) 1009:. The RN and MSA agreed to merge to form the 422:, which is only possible if Quebec becomes a 8: 4857:http://www.gcc.ca/archive/article.php?id=116 4689:(in French). Parti Québécois. Archived from 4661:"Statistics on Official Languages in Quebec" 4592:"Membres du réseau - CAP SUR L'INDÉPENDANCE" 2265: 2225: 2218: 2211: 2204: 2197: 2188: 2179: 2170: 1807: 1188:, the PQ was defeated by the Liberal Party. 975: 718: 691: 683: 672: 642: 610: 594: 463:by other nations, such as the incident with 263: 7444:2020 Canadian pipeline and railway protests 7200:Legal dispute over Quebec's language policy 5740:Declaration of Independence of Lower Canada 5619:Rassemblement pour l'Indépendance Nationale 5589:Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec 4995:"Sarkozy répudie le "ni-ni" sans ambiguïté" 4911:http://www.gcc.ca/archive/article.php?id=37 4004:, a German puppet state created as part of 2731:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2518:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2300:Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec 2248:Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale 1884:government in Quebec proposed to amend the 1701:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1180:retired in 1985 (and died in 1987). In the 970:, who had recently granted independence to 884:Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale 795:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 353:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 258:A poster for Quebec sovereignty during the 64:Learn how and when to remove these messages 6546: 6532: 6524: 6257: 6243: 6235: 5792: 5778: 5770: 5408: 5394: 5386: 2827: 2665:immediately after Confederation occurred. 2366:in 1760 and ceded to Great Britain in the 1981:Rassemblement pour un pays souverain (RPS) 1897:Sovereignist and sympathetic organizations 1440:Another consequence of the failure of the 1276:in 1763, in which France ceded control of 1046:, the PQ won its first seven seats in the 482:History of the Quebec sovereignty movement 100:. Please do not remove this message until 5268:International Journal of Canadian Studies 4977: 4567:"L'organisation – Cap sur l'indépendance" 3759: 3663: 3648: 3336: 3211: 2842:Should Quebec be an independent country? 2751:Learn how and when to remove this message 2689:have opposed the independence of Quebec. 2538:Learn how and when to remove this message 2035:(Confederation of national labour unions) 1721:Learn how and when to remove this message 1620:Learn how and when to remove this message 1252:Learn how and when to remove this message 1118:Learn how and when to remove this message 815:Learn how and when to remove this message 541:Learn how and when to remove this message 373:Learn how and when to remove this message 240:Learn how and when to remove this message 222:Learn how and when to remove this message 120:Learn how and when to remove this message 4104:' science fiction series, starting with 2786: 2320:(2009-2011) - provincial political party 2314:(2008-2018) - provincial political party 1592:Relevant discussion may be found on the 1224:Relevant discussion may be found on the 1090:Relevant discussion may be found on the 1039:joined on November 11 of the same year. 513:Relevant discussion may be found on the 96:Relevant discussion may be found on the 5114:Trueheart, Charles (October 26, 1995). 4226: 2855: 2852: 2849: 2453:James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement 2000:Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society of Montreal 1984:Mouvement souverainiste du Québec (MSQ) 1933:Sovereignist non-partisan organizations 1509:1995 referendum results by constituency 1284:) to Great Britain, which returned the 6925:List of Canadian peacekeeping missions 5988:Changement Intégrité pour notre Québec 5533:Les Intellectuels pour la souveraineté 5064:from the original on November 12, 2017 5037:from the original on September 6, 2012 4851: 4849: 4828: 4826: 3899:(1976) was turned into a TV-movie for 3845:Quebec sovereignty movement in fiction 2250:(RIN) (1960-1968) - political movement 1604:to additional sources at this section. 1379:This loss laid the groundwork for the 1311:) is the combination of two concepts: 1236:to additional sources at this section. 1102:to additional sources at this section. 983:" during a speech from the balcony of 525:to additional sources at this section. 5211:European Journal of Political Economy 5095:from the original on December 8, 2007 4993:Rioux, Christian (February 3, 2009). 2663:Maritimes Anti-Confederation movement 2630:of independence in Montreal in 1967. 2284:(1983-1987) - federal political party 2278:(1979-1980) - federal political party 2242:Past parties, organizations and media 2033:Confédération des syndicats nationaux 1280:(except for the two small islands of 7: 7074:Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms 6003:Nouveau Parti démocratique du Québec 5261:PS, Political Science & Politics 4517:from the original on October 6, 2014 4403:Turner, Craig (September 20, 1997). 4310:Bains, Hardial (February 10, 1995). 4245:from the original on August 25, 2021 4200:Lists of active separatist movements 3285:Léger Marketing/Le Journal de Québec 2729:adding citations to reliable sources 2693:Anglophones and immigrants in Quebec 2565:parties, while PQ politics are more 2516:adding citations to reliable sources 2458:Professor Peter Russell has said of 2426:which alienates many among Canada's 1699:adding citations to reliable sources 1169:The PQ was returned to power in the 1028:; Laporte was later found murdered. 793:adding citations to reliable sources 351:adding citations to reliable sources 160:adding citations to reliable sources 6503:Bloc Québécois leadership elections 5469:Act Respecting the Future of Quebec 5365:Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society website 5310:American Review of Canadian Studies 5282:American Review of Canadian Studies 4475:Dutrisac, Robert (March 14, 2011). 4456:from the original on April 20, 2011 4015:, the villain (and sometimes hero) 3217:(CAQ) is elected a 2nd term in the 2599:, and accept the 1995 "No" verdict; 1939:Réseau Cap sur l'Indépendance (RCI) 1831:the BQ lost three seats and in the 6028:Parti marxiste-léniniste du Québec 5237:from the original on March 9, 2023 5174:Robert, Hillary (March 18, 2014). 5155:from the original on June 30, 2023 5083:Les Perreaux (November 28, 2006). 4547:from the original on June 18, 2021 3907:In the mid-1980s, a second movie, 1585:relies largely or entirely upon a 1302:Mouvement Souveraineté-Association 1217:relies largely or entirely upon a 1198:Mouvement Souveraineté-Association 1083:relies largely or entirely upon a 1000:Mouvement souveraineté-association 757:The Quiet Revolution (1960s-1970s) 609:, which granted certain rights to 506:relies largely or entirely upon a 443:elites of Quebec, as well as with 25: 7304:Citizen's Forum on National Unity 5558:Réseau de Résistance du Québécois 5186:from the original on May 12, 2024 5007:from the original on May 12, 2024 4687:"Pourquoi faire la souveraineté?" 4487:from the original on May 12, 2024 4423:from the original on July 8, 2019 4384:from the original on July 4, 2007 4275:from the original on May 12, 2024 3865:list of miscellaneous information 2790:Graphical summary (2005–present) 2635:non-ingérence et non-indifférence 2288:Parti indépendantiste (1985-1990) 1988:Réseau de Résistance du Québécois 1821:Liberal Party sponsorship scandal 1557:By contrast almost 60 percent of 1307:Sovereignty-association (French: 1288:islands they had captured in the 990:Finally, in October 1967, former 844:to comply with Knowledge (XXG)'s 651:, a group of wealthy families in 278:mouvement souverainiste du Québec 45:This article has multiple issues. 6960:Canada in the War in Afghanistan 6864:List of National Parks of Canada 6718:Debate on the monarchy in Canada 5830: 5599:Partenaires pour la souveraineté 5584:Le front de libération populaire 5543:Marxist–Leninist Party of Quebec 5520:Forum jeunesse du Bloc Québécois 5480:Reference Re Secession of Quebec 5303:Oxford Review of Economic Policy 4210:Secessionist movements of Canada 3853: 2800: 2701: 2488: 2100:SN Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine 2039:Centrale des syndicats du Québec 2019:Nouveau Mouvement pour le Québec 1957:Jeunes Patriotes du Québec (JPQ) 1926:Marxist–Leninist Party of Quebec 1767: 1671: 1574: 1566:The 1998 Quebec general election 1496:Marxist-Leninist Party of Canada 1472:had nominated candidates in the 1460:had nominated candidates in the 1429:The PQ returned to power in the 1206: 1072: 945:Estates General of French Canada 831: 765: 495: 323: 136: 75: 34: 7482:Canada–United Kingdom relations 7185:Official bilingualism in Canada 6574:Canadian cultural protectionism 4929:Depoe, Norman (July 24, 1967). 4713:McGill-Queen's University Press 4170:The Disunited States of America 4111:In the alternate history novel 3356:Léger Marketing/Huffington Post 2318:Nouvelle Alliance Québec-Canada 2041:(Quebec labour unions congress) 1862:and pro-sovereignist newspaper 1147:Member of the National Assembly 966:In June 1967, French president 750:Québécois sovereignist movement 449:Constitutional Debate in Canada 394:Canada's speeches use the term 147:needs additional citations for 53:or discuss these issues on the 7465:Canada–United States relations 7079:Charter of the French Language 6704:Canadian Citizenship Act, 1946 5223:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2021.102088 4843:. Aboriginal Perspectives(txt) 4071:, loosely adapted as the film 3915:(with "Lady Goosegreen" being 2595:: a decentralized view of the 2076:SNQ du Saguenay—Lac-Saint-Jean 2047:(Federation of Quebec workers) 2010:Comité souverainiste de l’UQÀM 1948:Les Aînés pour la souveraineté 1886:Charter of the French Language 1837:2011 Canadian federal election 1485:Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition 1140:Charter of the French Language 1: 6996:Royal Canadian Mounted Police 6775:Canadiens–Maple Leafs rivalry 6600:National identities in Canada 5993:Citoyens au pouvoir du Québec 5579:Front de libération du Québec 4127:Royal American Mounted Police 4044:Margaret Atwood's 1979 novel 3985:Confederate States of America 2589:Action Démocratique du Québec 2407:Arguments against sovereignty 2294:Action démocratique du Québec 2254:Front de libération du Québec 1806:In 2003, the PQ launched the 919:Front de libération du Québec 896:Front de libération du Québec 721:Société nationale de l'Acadie 387:independentist, sovereignist, 171:"Quebec sovereignty movement" 6143:2012 Quebec student protests 6076:2012 Quebec general election 6071:2014 Quebec general election 6066:2018 Quebec general election 6061:2022 Quebec general election 5976:Parti conservateur du Québec 4767:http://theredflag.ca/node/62 3806:Le Devoir/The Globe and Mail 3767:2008 Quebec general election 3671:2012 Quebec general election 3656:2014 Quebec general election 3344:2018 Quebec general election 3219:2022 Quebec general election 2836:Polling organisation/client 2679:Indigenous peoples in Quebec 2460:Aboriginal peoples in Canada 2332:(2018) - parliamentary group 2290:- provincial political party 2282:Parti nationaliste du Québec 1928:- provincial political party 1922:- provincial political party 1916:- provincial political party 1634:1998 Quebec general election 1470:Parti nationaliste du Québec 27:Quebec independence movement 7553:Quebec sovereignty movement 7527:COVID-19 pandemic in Canada 7453:International relationships 7123:Conscription Crisis of 1944 7118:Conscription Crisis of 1917 7046:Quebec sovereignty movement 6857:Landmarks, parks and nature 6513:Quebec sovereignty movement 6086:Referendums on independence 5822:Former lieutenant-governors 5563:Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society 5417:Quebec sovereignty movement 4889:10.1177/0032329200028002005 4596:www.capsurlindependance.org 2673:Indigenous people of Quebec 2260:Parti nationaliste chrétien 2118:SNQ Richelieu—Saint-Laurent 2103:SNQ de Chaudière-Appalaches 1024:and Quebec Labour Minister 912:Parti républicain du Québec 882:On September 10, 1960, the 412:National Assembly of Quebec 274:Quebec sovereignty movement 265:Oui, et ça devient possible 102:conditions to do so are met 7569: 7417:First Nations territories 7041:National question (Quebec) 6950:Canada and the Vietnam War 6674:Provincial and territorial 5859:Premiers by time in office 5609:Parti socialiste du Québec 5604:Parti république du Québec 5348:Parti Communiste du Québec 5056:Staff (October 15, 2012). 4960:Bastien, Frédéric (1998). 4937:. CBC News. Archived from 4916:December 22, 2016, at the 4862:February 25, 2018, at the 4738:www.pourunquebeclucide.com 4571:capsurlindependance.quebec 4121:and Harry Turtledove, the 2112:SNQ Région des Laurentides 2029:The labour unions of the: 1422: 1195: 1061: 940:(RN) also became a party. 727:Louis-Alexandre Taschereau 621:Constitutional Act of 1791 603:Royal Proclamation of 1763 479: 7106:Manitoba Schools Question 6561: 6018:Parti culinaire du Québec 5892:Former Opposition Leaders 5828: 5423: 4931:"'Vive le Québec libre!'" 4839:January 26, 2016, at the 3683:Léger Marketing/Le Devoir 3189:Léger Marketing/Le Devoir 2844: 2841: 2838: 2835: 2830: 2777:Demolinguistics of Quebec 2024:Sympathetic organizations 1910:- federal political party 1776:This section needs to be 1444:was the formation of the 1282:Saint Pierre and Miquelon 1272:at the conclusion of the 719: 595: 7532:Canadian property bubble 6955:Canada in the Korean War 6693:Debates and legislation: 5735:Republic of Lower Canada 4078:In the roleplaying game 4052:In the roleplaying game 3925:'s satirical 1979 novel 3862:This section contains a 3342:(CAQ) is elected in the 2640:Former French President 2364:conquered by the British 2206:Souverainete la solution 2127:SSJB du Centre-du-Québec 1969:Ligue d’action nationale 1801:souveraineté-partenariat 1759:From 2000 to the present 1450:Progressive Conservative 1333:1980 referendum question 1309:souveraineté-association 1044:1970 provincial election 943:During this period, the 910:founded the short-lived 886:(RIN) was founded, with 857:may contain suggestions. 842:may need to be rewritten 686:la Revanche des berceaux 635:Battle of Saint-Eustache 623:, which established the 465:Canada's national anthem 7499:Canada–France relations 7487:Commonwealth of Nations 7421:Eeyou Istchee James Bay 7242:Rebellions of 1837–1838 7168:Québécois nation motion 7150:Quebec referendum, 1995 7145:Quebec referendum, 1980 6726:Republicanism in Canada 6152:Other Canadian politics 5961:Parti libéral du Québec 5956:Coalition Avenir Québec 5938:Government House Leader 5902:Speaker of the Assembly 5747:Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day 5331:Parti Québécois website 4162:Oscar acceptance speech 3968:Southern Victory Series 3340:Coalition Avenir Québec 3215:Coalition Avenir Québec 2342:Reasons for sovereignty 2272:(1974-1978) - newspaper 2115:SNQ des Hautes-Rivières 2053:(Artists' Labour Union) 1945:La Fondation Octobre 70 1890:provincial constitution 1882:Coalition Avenir Québec 1663:The Clarity Act of 1999 1192:Sovereignty-association 904:Quebec general election 7333:National organizations 7278:Constitution Act, 1982 7265:Fulton–Favreau formula 7261:debate (1960s to 1982) 7094:Lower Canada Rebellion 6945:Canada in the Cold War 6940:Canada in World War II 6838:Architecture of Canada 6583:Demographics of Canada 6397:Parliamentary election 5869:Government departments 5678:Le Journal de Montréal 5498:2012 Montreal shooting 5474:Quebec Contingency Act 5442:Events and legislation 5356:Bloc Québécois website 5312:41.3 (2011): 242–258. 5284:46.2 (2016): 176–195. 5060:. The Canadian Press. 4966:Études internationales 4877:Politics & Society 4772:June 21, 2013, at the 4761:March 4, 2016, at the 4174:from a Canadian union. 4130:Québécois separatists. 2597:Canadian Confederation 2266: 2226: 2219: 2212: 2205: 2198: 2189: 2180: 2171: 2124:SSJB Richelieu-Yamaska 1833:2008 federal elections 1829:2006 federal elections 1825:2004 federal elections 1808: 1800: 1510: 1466:1980 federal elections 1425:1995 Quebec referendum 1419:The referendum of 1995 1401:money and ethnic votes 1308: 1161:1980 Quebec referendum 1064:1980 Quebec referendum 1058:The referendum of 1980 976: 917:In February 1963, the 692: 684: 673: 670: 643: 617:Treaty of Paris (1783) 611: 590:conquest of New France 461:cultural appropriation 420:political independence 277: 269: 264: 7229:Territorial relations 7036:Anti-Quebec sentiment 6935:Canada in World War I 6920:Canadian Armed Forces 6013:Parti indépendantiste 6008:Parti unité nationale 5706:Why I Am a Separatist 5572:Defunct organizations 5305:30.2 (2014): 237–256. 4271:. November 15, 2011. 3622:17–20 September 2015 3104:27-28 September 2023 2584:the conservative but 2417:Pour un Québec lucide 2387:anti-Quebec sentiment 2312:Parti indépendantiste 2073:SN de l’Est du Québec 1508: 1481:1993 federal election 879:on January 25, 1957. 717:, represented by the 631:The Patriote movement 437:Charlottetown Accords 257: 7400:(no final agreement) 7349:North-West Rebellion 7310:Charlottetown Accord 7133:Vive le Québec libre 7084:Civil Code of Quebec 7051:Federalism in Quebec 6976:Government of Canada 6913:War and peacekeeping 6722:Monarchism in Canada 6607:Canadian nationalism 6356:Leadership elections 6038:Parti vert du Québec 5758:Vive le Québec libre 5685:Le Journal de Québec 5507:Active organizations 5033:. February 2, 2009. 4797:van der Maas, Mark. 4641:(in Canadian French) 4619:(in Canadian French) 4190:Canadian sovereignty 4185:Autonomism in Quebec 3953:David Foster Wallace 3763:Quebec Liberal Party 3652:Quebec Liberal Party 3541:11–15 February 2016 3379:29 April–2 May 2018 3312:Environics Institute 3185:24-26 February 2023 3050:18-19 November 2023 2725:improve this section 2512:improve this section 2470:Allies and opponents 2401:Charlottetown Accord 2368:1763 Treaty of Paris 2016:Artistes volontaires 1735:Parliament of Canada 1695:improve this section 1598:improve this article 1435:Charlottetown Accord 1295:Under British rule, 1290:1763 Treaty of Paris 1230:improve this article 1184:under his successor 1096:improve this article 978:Vive le Québec libre 789:improve this section 680:Act of Union of 1840 519:improve this article 457:culture of Québécois 347:improve this section 156:improve this article 18:Quebec sovereigntist 7509:Canada (New France) 7343:Red River Rebellion 7326:Aboriginal politics 7316:Calgary Declaration 7227:Federal–Provincial– 7162:Sponsorship scandal 7001:VIA Rail Canada Inc 6991:Royal Canadian Mint 6770:Toronto Maple Leafs 6711:National Anthem Act 6081:Electoral districts 5809:Lieutenant Governor 5370:(partly in English) 5361:(partly in English) 5336:(partly in English) 4513:. August 16, 2011. 4269:CTV News (Montreal) 4123:American Revolution 4038:Axis Powers Hetalia 3673:(September 4, 2012) 3568:01–4 February 2016 3487:7–10 November 2016 3460:7–12 December 2016 3433:12–15 January 2017 3406:17–19 January 2017 3258:Mainstreet Research 3231:Mainstreet Research 2628:shouted his support 2149:Journal de Montréal 2097:SNQ de la Côte-Nord 2082:SSJB de la Mauricie 1737:, at the urging of 1638:Calgary Declaration 1268:lost the colony to 1186:Pierre-Marc Johnson 938:Ralliement national 586:Samuel de Champlain 89:of this article is 7520:Current challenges 7378:Inuit territories 7190:Gendron Commission 7010:Relations between 6969:Crown corporations 6765:Montreal Canadiens 6641:Alberta separatism 6636:Western alienation 6624:Quebec nationalism 6617:Canadian ethnicity 6136:Quebec sovereignty 6114:Quebec nationalism 5998:Équipe autonomiste 5801:Politics of Quebec 5730:Quebec nationalism 5636:L'Action nationale 5263:29.4 (1996): 676+. 4744:on March 25, 2006. 4667:on August 14, 2016 4215:Quebec nationalism 4205:Politics of Quebec 3909:Quebec-Canada 1995 3775:4–5 December 2006 3769:(December 8, 2008) 3765:is elected in the 3669:is elected in the 3654:is elected in the 3254:8–9 February 2021 3131:20-21 August 2023 3023:4-6 December 2023 2996:3-5 February 2024 2969:5-7 February 2024 2861:23-25 August 2024 2617:political spectrum 2558:political agenda. 2372:self-determination 2182:L'Action nationale 2135:Sovereignist media 2091:SNQ de l’Outaouais 2079:SNQ de la Capitale 2051:Union des artistes 2004:Vigile (newspaper) 1511: 1341:European Community 1286:French West Indian 927:Raymond Villeneuve 711:Maritime provinces 625:Westminster system 607:Quebec Act of 1774 309:Quebec nationalism 294:self-determination 282:political movement 270: 7540: 7539: 7298:Meech Lake Accord 7285:Canada Health Act 7237:Province building 7178:Language politics 6894:Plains of Abraham 6889:Chateau Frontenac 6792:Toronto Blue Jays 6749:Culture of Canada 6732:Great Flag Debate 6629:Culture of Quebec 6567:Culture of Canada 6555:Canadian identity 6521: 6520: 6343: 6330: 6307: 6289: 6232: 6231: 6129:Quebec autonomism 6124:Quebec federalism 6119:National question 5948:Political parties 5879:Opposition Leader 5767: 5766: 5628:Culture and media 5270:50 (2014): 25–44. 4543:. June 17, 2021. 4409:Los Angeles Times 4117:, co-authored by 4002:Kingdom of Poland 3973:alternate history 3923:William Weintraub 3917:Margaret Thatcher 3889: 3888: 3828: 3827: 3802:20–24 April 2005 3706:13–20 April 2011 3346:(October 1, 2018) 3281:2–4 October 2020 3221:(October 3, 2022) 2942:16-18 March 2024 2915:20-21 April 2024 2826: 2825: 2822: 2821: 2761: 2760: 2753: 2646:François Hollande 2624:Charles de Gaulle 2593:Quebec Autonomism 2567:social democratic 2556:social democratic 2548: 2547: 2540: 2430:, as well as the 2397:Meech Lake Accord 2156:Journal de Québec 2109:SNQ de Lanaudière 1797: 1796: 1731: 1730: 1723: 1630: 1629: 1622: 1442:Meech Lake Accord 1262: 1261: 1254: 1128: 1127: 1120: 1048:National Assembly 994:cabinet minister 968:Charles de Gaulle 923:Georges Schoeters 872: 871: 846:quality standards 825: 824: 817: 745:of 1944 to 1959. 741:party during the 735:Maurice Duplessis 693:Grande Hémorragie 578:Canada for France 551: 550: 543: 383: 382: 375: 250: 249: 242: 232: 231: 224: 206: 130: 129: 122: 68: 16:(Redirected from 7560: 7438:Royal Commission 7432: 7394: 7292:Victoria Charter 7128:Quiet Revolution 7061:Distinct society 7026:Acadian movement 6904:Canadian Rockies 6869:Winter in Canada 6821:Calgary Stampede 6760:Hockey in Canada 6653:Anti-Americanism 6548: 6541: 6534: 6525: 6341: 6328: 6305: 6287: 6259: 6252: 6245: 6236: 5966:Québec solidaire 5933:Current assembly 5849:François Legault 5834: 5794: 5787: 5780: 5771: 5594:Option nationale 5553:Québec solidaire 5433:List of subjects 5410: 5403: 5396: 5387: 5369: 5360: 5352: 5344: 5340:Québec Solidaire 5335: 5294:(2003): 511–537 5277:(Vintage, 2016). 5247: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5202: 5196: 5195: 5193: 5191: 5171: 5165: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5145: 5139: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5111: 5105: 5104: 5102: 5100: 5080: 5074: 5073: 5071: 5069: 5053: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5042: 5023: 5017: 5016: 5014: 5012: 4990: 4984: 4983: 4981: 4979:10.7202/703918ar 4957: 4951: 4950: 4948: 4946: 4926: 4920: 4907: 4901: 4900: 4872: 4866: 4853: 4844: 4830: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4811:on June 29, 2011 4810: 4803: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4752: 4746: 4745: 4740:. Archived from 4730: 4724: 4709: 4703: 4702: 4700: 4698: 4693:on June 12, 2013 4683: 4677: 4676: 4674: 4672: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4646: 4635: 4629: 4628: 4626: 4624: 4613: 4607: 4606: 4604: 4602: 4588: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4577: 4563: 4557: 4556: 4554: 4552: 4541:Montreal Gazette 4533: 4527: 4526: 4524: 4522: 4503: 4497: 4496: 4494: 4492: 4472: 4466: 4465: 4463: 4461: 4452:. June 9, 2009. 4442: 4433: 4432: 4430: 4428: 4400: 4394: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4383: 4376: 4368: 4362: 4359: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4348: 4337: 4331: 4330: 4325: 4323: 4318:on April 7, 2009 4307: 4301: 4291: 4285: 4284: 4282: 4280: 4261: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4231: 4141:Homer to the Max 4119:Richard Dreyfuss 4028:, the superhero 3998:Second Great War 3977:Harry Turtledove 3913:Falkland Islands 3884: 3881: 3875: 3857: 3856: 3849: 3158:10-12 June 2023 3077:1 November 2023 2828: 2804: 2803: 2796: 2787: 2756: 2749: 2745: 2742: 2736: 2705: 2697: 2543: 2536: 2532: 2529: 2523: 2492: 2484: 2379:English-speaking 2360:region's history 2324:Option nationale 2271: 2231: 2222: 2215: 2208: 2201: 2194: 2185: 2176: 2130:MNQ Headquarters 2088:SSJB de Montréal 1920:Québec solidaire 1878:François Legault 1846:Polling data by 1811: 1809:Saison des idées 1792: 1789: 1783: 1771: 1770: 1763: 1752:Crown-in-Council 1726: 1719: 1715: 1712: 1706: 1675: 1667: 1625: 1618: 1614: 1611: 1605: 1578: 1577: 1570: 1518:creation of the 1489:House of Commons 1397:Jacques Parizeau 1385:Sovereignty Bill 1297:French Canadians 1274:Seven Years' War 1257: 1250: 1246: 1243: 1237: 1210: 1209: 1202: 1123: 1116: 1112: 1109: 1103: 1076: 1075: 1068: 982: 888:Pierre Bourgault 867: 864: 858: 835: 827: 820: 813: 809: 806: 800: 769: 761: 724: 723: 695: 689: 676: 646: 614: 598: 597: 546: 539: 535: 532: 526: 499: 498: 491: 487:Before the 1960s 378: 371: 367: 364: 358: 327: 319: 267: 245: 238: 227: 220: 216: 213: 207: 205: 164: 140: 132: 125: 118: 114: 111: 105: 79: 78: 71: 60: 38: 37: 30: 21: 7568: 7567: 7563: 7562: 7561: 7559: 7558: 7557: 7543: 7542: 7541: 7536: 7515: 7504:La Francophonie 7448: 7430: 7392: 7374:Self-Government 7363:Indian Register 7321: 7272:Canada Act 1982 7228: 7221: 7173: 7090:Notable events: 7014: 7005: 6964: 6908: 6884:Parliament Hill 6852: 6848:Music of Canada 6843:Canadian humour 6833:Media of Canada 6780:Edmonton Oilers 6737: 6657: 6595: 6590:Canadian values 6557: 6552: 6522: 6517: 6508:Parti Québécois 6491: 6487:44th Parliament 6482:42nd Parliament 6477:41st Parliament 6472:40th Parliament 6467:39th Parliament 6460:Shadow cabinets 6455: 6398: 6392: 6351: 6268: 6263: 6233: 6228: 6147: 6102: 6047: 6023:Parti équitable 5971:Parti Québécois 5942: 5919: 5915:Former Speakers 5896: 5873: 5854:Former premiers 5835: 5826: 5817:J. Michel Doyon 5803: 5798: 5768: 5763: 5711: 5692:La Maison-Bleue 5623: 5567: 5548:Parti Québécois 5502: 5464:1995 referendum 5459:1980 referendum 5449:Francœur Motion 5437: 5419: 5414: 5367: 5358: 5350: 5342: 5333: 5322: 5256: 5254:Further reading 5251: 5250: 5240: 5238: 5204: 5203: 5199: 5189: 5187: 5173: 5172: 5168: 5158: 5156: 5147: 5146: 5142: 5132: 5130: 5120:Washington Post 5113: 5112: 5108: 5098: 5096: 5082: 5081: 5077: 5067: 5065: 5055: 5054: 5050: 5040: 5038: 5025: 5024: 5020: 5010: 5008: 4992: 4991: 4987: 4959: 4958: 4954: 4944: 4942: 4933:. On This Day. 4928: 4927: 4923: 4918:Wayback Machine 4908: 4904: 4874: 4873: 4869: 4864:Wayback Machine 4854: 4847: 4841:Wayback Machine 4831: 4824: 4814: 4812: 4808: 4801: 4796: 4795: 4791: 4777: 4774:Wayback Machine 4763:Wayback Machine 4753: 4749: 4732: 4731: 4727: 4710: 4706: 4696: 4694: 4685: 4684: 4680: 4670: 4668: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4644: 4642: 4637: 4636: 4632: 4622: 4620: 4615: 4614: 4610: 4600: 4598: 4590: 4589: 4585: 4575: 4573: 4565: 4564: 4560: 4550: 4548: 4535: 4534: 4530: 4520: 4518: 4511:Huffington Post 4505: 4504: 4500: 4490: 4488: 4474: 4473: 4469: 4459: 4457: 4444: 4443: 4436: 4426: 4424: 4402: 4401: 4397: 4387: 4385: 4381: 4374: 4370: 4369: 4365: 4360: 4356: 4346: 4344: 4339: 4338: 4334: 4321: 4319: 4309: 4308: 4304: 4292: 4288: 4278: 4276: 4263: 4262: 4258: 4248: 4246: 4233: 4232: 4228: 4223: 4181: 4114:The Two Georges 4046:Life Before Man 3981:First Great War 3885: 3879: 3876: 3869: 3858: 3854: 3847: 3838: 3836:Economic effect 3779:Léger Marketing 3737:Léger Marketing 3733:23–25 May 2009 3667:Parti Québécois 3658:(April 7, 2014) 3599:Léger Marketing 3572:Léger Marketing 3514:12–15 May 2016 3491:Léger Marketing 3162:Léger Marketing 3135:Léger Marketing 3081:Léger Marketing 3027:Léger Marketing 3000:Léger Marketing 2946:Léger Marketing 2919:Léger Marketing 2865:Léger Marketing 2832: 2818: 2805: 2801: 2785: 2757: 2746: 2740: 2737: 2722: 2706: 2695: 2675: 2659: 2654: 2642:Nicolas Sarkozy 2626:, who famously 2609: 2544: 2533: 2527: 2524: 2509: 2493: 2482: 2477: 2472: 2464:Robert Bourassa 2446:Similarly, the 2413:Lucien Bouchard 2409: 2352:French-speaking 2344: 2339: 2276:Union Populaire 2244: 2137: 2026: 1935: 1914:Parti Québécois 1904: 1899: 1860:Léger Marketing 1793: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1772: 1768: 1761: 1727: 1716: 1710: 1707: 1692: 1676: 1665: 1626: 1615: 1609: 1606: 1600:by introducing 1591: 1579: 1575: 1568: 1515:1995 referendum 1458:Union Populaire 1427: 1421: 1381:1995 referendum 1258: 1247: 1241: 1238: 1232:by introducing 1223: 1211: 1207: 1200: 1194: 1124: 1113: 1107: 1104: 1098:by introducing 1089: 1077: 1073: 1066: 1060: 1037:Union Nationale 1011:Parti Québécois 877:Raymond Barbeau 868: 862: 859: 849: 836: 821: 810: 804: 801: 786: 770: 759: 743:Grande Noirceur 739:Union Nationale 731:interwar period 702:Quebec diaspora 566:Jacques Cartier 547: 536: 530: 527: 521:by introducing 512: 500: 496: 489: 484: 478: 469:French Canadian 467:, originally a 424:sovereign state 379: 368: 362: 359: 344: 328: 317: 260:1995 referendum 246: 235: 234: 233: 228: 217: 211: 208: 165: 163: 153: 141: 126: 115: 109: 106: 95: 80: 76: 39: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7566: 7564: 7556: 7555: 7545: 7544: 7538: 7537: 7535: 7534: 7529: 7523: 7521: 7517: 7516: 7514: 7513: 7512: 7511: 7506: 7496: 7495: 7494: 7492:British Empire 7489: 7479: 7478: 7477: 7472: 7462: 7456: 7454: 7450: 7449: 7447: 7446: 7441: 7435: 7434: 7433: 7423: 7415: 7414: 7413: 7412: 7411: 7409:agreement 1993 7401: 7395: 7385: 7376: 7371: 7365: 7360: 7359:(1876-present) 7352: 7346: 7340: 7335: 7329: 7327: 7323: 7322: 7320: 7319: 7313: 7307: 7301: 7295: 7289: 7281: 7268: 7262: 7256: 7250: 7244: 7239: 7233: 7231: 7223: 7222: 7220: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7203: 7202: 7192: 7187: 7181: 7179: 7175: 7174: 7172: 7171: 7165: 7159: 7158: 7157: 7147: 7142: 7139:October Crisis 7136: 7130: 7125: 7120: 7115: 7109: 7103: 7097: 7091: 7088: 7087: 7086: 7081: 7076: 7067:État québécois 7063: 7058: 7053: 7048: 7043: 7038: 7033: 7031:Great Upheaval 7028: 7022: 7020: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6986:Bank of Canada 6983: 6978: 6972: 6970: 6966: 6965: 6963: 6962: 6957: 6952: 6947: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6916: 6914: 6910: 6909: 6907: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6860: 6858: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6850: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6829: 6828: 6823: 6812: 6811: 6810: 6805: 6794: 6789: 6788: 6787: 6785:Calgary Flames 6782: 6777: 6772: 6767: 6762: 6751: 6745: 6743: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6735: 6729: 6715: 6707: 6700: 6694: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6665: 6663: 6659: 6658: 6656: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6644: 6643: 6633: 6632: 6631: 6621: 6620: 6619: 6609: 6603: 6601: 6597: 6596: 6594: 6593: 6586: 6579: 6578: 6577: 6562: 6559: 6558: 6553: 6551: 6550: 6543: 6536: 6528: 6519: 6518: 6516: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6499: 6497: 6493: 6492: 6490: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6463: 6461: 6457: 6456: 6454: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6402: 6400: 6394: 6393: 6391: 6390: 6385: 6380: 6375: 6370: 6365: 6359: 6357: 6353: 6352: 6350: 6349: 6344: 6336: 6331: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6282: 6276: 6274: 6270: 6269: 6266:Bloc Québécois 6264: 6262: 6261: 6254: 6247: 6239: 6230: 6229: 6227: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6155: 6153: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6145: 6140: 6139: 6138: 6133: 6132: 6131: 6116: 6110: 6108: 6107:Current issues 6104: 6103: 6101: 6100: 6099: 6098: 6093: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6057: 6055: 6049: 6048: 6046: 6045: 6040: 6035: 6030: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5979: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5952: 5950: 5944: 5943: 5941: 5940: 5935: 5929: 5927: 5921: 5920: 5918: 5917: 5912: 5906: 5904: 5898: 5897: 5895: 5894: 5889: 5883: 5881: 5875: 5874: 5872: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5845: 5843: 5837: 5836: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5824: 5819: 5813: 5811: 5805: 5804: 5799: 5797: 5796: 5789: 5782: 5774: 5765: 5764: 5762: 5761: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5743: 5742: 5732: 5727: 5719: 5717: 5713: 5712: 5710: 5709: 5702: 5695: 5688: 5681: 5674: 5667: 5660: 5653: 5650:Breaking Point 5646: 5639: 5631: 5629: 5625: 5624: 5622: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5575: 5573: 5569: 5568: 5566: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5524: 5523: 5514:Bloc Québécois 5510: 5508: 5504: 5503: 5501: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5483: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5454:October Crisis 5451: 5445: 5443: 5439: 5438: 5436: 5435: 5430: 5424: 5421: 5420: 5415: 5413: 5412: 5405: 5398: 5390: 5384: 5383: 5371: 5362: 5353: 5345: 5337: 5328: 5321: 5320:External links 5318: 5317: 5316: 5306: 5299: 5288: 5278: 5273:Jacobs, Jane. 5271: 5264: 5255: 5252: 5249: 5248: 5197: 5166: 5140: 5106: 5075: 5048: 5018: 4985: 4972:(3): 551–575. 4952: 4941:on May 1, 2012 4921: 4902: 4883:(2): 245–264. 4867: 4845: 4822: 4789: 4747: 4725: 4704: 4678: 4652: 4630: 4608: 4583: 4558: 4528: 4498: 4467: 4434: 4395: 4363: 4354: 4332: 4302: 4286: 4256: 4239:www.1837.qc.ca 4225: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4218: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4180: 4177: 4176: 4175: 4165: 4152: 4131: 4109: 4098: 4085: 4076: 4069:Maurice Dantec 4064:Babylon Babies 4059: 4050: 4049:relationships. 4042: 4033: 4020: 4009: 3989:Central Powers 3963: 3950: 3935:'s 1984 novel 3930: 3920: 3905: 3893:Richard Rohmer 3887: 3886: 3861: 3859: 3852: 3846: 3843: 3837: 3834: 3826: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3811: 3808: 3803: 3799: 3798: 3795: 3792: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3776: 3772: 3771: 3757: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3745: 3742: 3739: 3734: 3730: 3729: 3726: 3723: 3718: 3715: 3712: 3707: 3703: 3702: 3699: 3696: 3691: 3688: 3685: 3680: 3679:9–11 May 2011 3676: 3675: 3661: 3660: 3646: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3634: 3631: 3628: 3623: 3619: 3618: 3615: 3612: 3607: 3604: 3601: 3596: 3595:November 2015 3592: 3591: 3588: 3585: 3580: 3577: 3574: 3569: 3565: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3553: 3550: 3547: 3545:CROP/La Presse 3542: 3538: 3537: 3534: 3531: 3526: 3523: 3520: 3518:CROP/La Presse 3515: 3511: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3499: 3496: 3493: 3488: 3484: 3483: 3480: 3477: 3472: 3469: 3466: 3461: 3457: 3456: 3453: 3450: 3445: 3442: 3439: 3434: 3430: 3429: 3426: 3423: 3418: 3415: 3412: 3407: 3403: 3402: 3399: 3396: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3380: 3376: 3375: 3372: 3369: 3364: 3361: 3358: 3353: 3349: 3348: 3334: 3333: 3330: 3327: 3322: 3317: 3314: 3309: 3305: 3304: 3301: 3298: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3282: 3278: 3277: 3274: 3271: 3266: 3263: 3260: 3255: 3251: 3250: 3247: 3244: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3228: 3224: 3223: 3209: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3197: 3194: 3191: 3186: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3175: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3159: 3155: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3143: 3140: 3137: 3132: 3128: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3116: 3113: 3110: 3105: 3101: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3089: 3086: 3083: 3078: 3074: 3073: 3070: 3067: 3062: 3059: 3056: 3051: 3047: 3046: 3043: 3040: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3024: 3020: 3019: 3016: 3013: 3008: 3005: 3002: 2997: 2993: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2970: 2966: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2943: 2939: 2938: 2935: 2932: 2927: 2924: 2921: 2916: 2912: 2911: 2908: 2905: 2900: 2897: 2894: 2889: 2885: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2862: 2858: 2857: 2854: 2851: 2847: 2846: 2843: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2824: 2823: 2820: 2819: 2808: 2806: 2799: 2792: 2791: 2784: 2781: 2773:Latin American 2759: 2758: 2709: 2707: 2700: 2694: 2691: 2674: 2671: 2658: 2657:Rest of Canada 2655: 2653: 2650: 2608: 2605: 2604: 2603: 2600: 2546: 2545: 2496: 2494: 2487: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2408: 2405: 2348:unique culture 2343: 2340: 2338: 2335: 2334: 2333: 2327: 2321: 2315: 2309: 2303: 2297: 2291: 2285: 2279: 2273: 2263: 2257: 2251: 2243: 2240: 2239: 2238: 2235: 2232: 2223: 2220:Le Mouton noir 2216: 2209: 2202: 2195: 2186: 2177: 2168: 2167: 2166: 2159: 2152: 2136: 2133: 2132: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2085:SN de l’Estrie 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2070: 2069: 2057: 2056: 2055: 2054: 2048: 2042: 2036: 2025: 2022: 2021: 2020: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2002: 1997: 1994: 1991: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1966:Libre marcheur 1964: 1961: 1958: 1955: 1949: 1946: 1934: 1931: 1930: 1929: 1923: 1917: 1911: 1908:Bloc Québécois 1903: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1873:was divisive. 1871:Pauline Marois 1795: 1794: 1775: 1773: 1766: 1760: 1757: 1739:Prime Minister 1729: 1728: 1679: 1677: 1670: 1664: 1661: 1628: 1627: 1596:. Please help 1582: 1580: 1573: 1567: 1564: 1446:Bloc Québécois 1423:Main article: 1420: 1417: 1394:Quebec premier 1365:Yvon Deschamps 1320: 1319: 1316: 1260: 1259: 1228:. Please help 1214: 1212: 1205: 1193: 1190: 1126: 1125: 1094:. Please help 1080: 1078: 1071: 1062:Main article: 1059: 1056: 1052:André Marchand 1026:Pierre Laporte 1018:October Crisis 870: 869: 839: 837: 830: 823: 822: 773: 771: 764: 758: 755: 657:Family Compact 649:Château Clique 639:Parti Canadien 568:landed in the 549: 548: 517:. Please help 503: 501: 494: 488: 485: 480:Main article: 477: 474: 445:English Canada 381: 380: 331: 329: 322: 316: 313: 248: 247: 230: 229: 212:September 2021 144: 142: 135: 128: 127: 83: 81: 74: 69: 43: 42: 40: 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7565: 7554: 7551: 7550: 7548: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7525: 7524: 7522: 7518: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7501: 7500: 7497: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7484: 7483: 7480: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7468: 7467: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7457: 7455: 7451: 7445: 7442: 7439: 7436: 7429: 7428: 7424: 7422: 7419: 7418: 7416: 7410: 7407: 7406: 7405: 7402: 7399: 7396: 7391: 7390: 7386: 7383: 7380: 7379: 7377: 7375: 7372: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7358: 7357: 7353: 7350: 7347: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7336: 7334: 7331: 7330: 7328: 7324: 7317: 7314: 7311: 7308: 7305: 7302: 7299: 7296: 7293: 7290: 7287: 7286: 7282: 7280: 7279: 7274: 7273: 7269: 7266: 7263: 7260: 7257: 7254: 7251: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7234: 7232: 7230: 7224: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7201: 7198: 7197: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7182: 7180: 7176: 7169: 7166: 7163: 7160: 7156: 7153: 7152: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7140: 7137: 7135:speech (1967) 7134: 7131: 7129: 7126: 7124: 7121: 7119: 7116: 7113: 7112:Regulation 17 7110: 7107: 7104: 7101: 7100:Durham Report 7098: 7095: 7092: 7089: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7071: 7070: 7068: 7064: 7062: 7059: 7057: 7056:Two Solitudes 7054: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7042: 7039: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6973: 6971: 6967: 6961: 6958: 6956: 6953: 6951: 6948: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6917: 6915: 6911: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6874:Niagara Falls 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6861: 6859: 6855: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6747: 6746: 6744: 6740: 6733: 6730: 6727: 6723: 6719: 6716: 6713: 6712: 6708: 6706: 6705: 6701: 6698: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6666: 6664: 6660: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6648:Annexationism 6646: 6642: 6639: 6638: 6637: 6634: 6630: 6627: 6626: 6625: 6622: 6618: 6615: 6614: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6604: 6602: 6598: 6592: 6591: 6587: 6585: 6584: 6580: 6576: 6575: 6571: 6570: 6569: 6568: 6564: 6563: 6560: 6556: 6549: 6544: 6542: 6537: 6535: 6530: 6529: 6526: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6500: 6498: 6494: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6464: 6462: 6458: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6403: 6401: 6395: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6360: 6358: 6354: 6348: 6345: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6277: 6275: 6271: 6267: 6260: 6255: 6253: 6248: 6246: 6241: 6240: 6237: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6156: 6154: 6150: 6144: 6141: 6137: 6134: 6130: 6127: 6126: 6125: 6122: 6121: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6111: 6109: 6105: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6088: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6058: 6056: 6054: 6050: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5980: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5953: 5951: 5949: 5945: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5930: 5928: 5926: 5922: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5899: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5884: 5882: 5880: 5876: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5846: 5844: 5842: 5838: 5833: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5814: 5812: 5810: 5806: 5802: 5795: 5790: 5788: 5783: 5781: 5776: 5775: 5772: 5760: 5759: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5741: 5738: 5737: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5725: 5721: 5720: 5718: 5716:Miscellaneous 5714: 5708: 5707: 5703: 5701: 5700: 5696: 5694: 5693: 5689: 5687: 5686: 5682: 5680: 5679: 5675: 5673: 5672: 5668: 5665: 5661: 5659: 5658: 5654: 5652: 5651: 5647: 5645: 5644: 5643:L'aut'journal 5640: 5638: 5637: 5633: 5632: 5630: 5626: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5576: 5574: 5570: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5528:Climat Québec 5526: 5522: 5521: 5517: 5516: 5515: 5512: 5511: 5509: 5505: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5488: 5484: 5482: 5481: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5446: 5444: 5440: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5425: 5422: 5418: 5411: 5406: 5404: 5399: 5397: 5392: 5391: 5388: 5381: 5377: 5376: 5372: 5366: 5363: 5357: 5354: 5349: 5346: 5341: 5338: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5304: 5300: 5297: 5293: 5289: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5276: 5272: 5269: 5265: 5262: 5258: 5257: 5253: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5212: 5208: 5201: 5198: 5185: 5181: 5180:National Post 5177: 5170: 5167: 5154: 5150: 5144: 5141: 5129: 5125: 5121: 5117: 5110: 5107: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5079: 5076: 5063: 5059: 5052: 5049: 5036: 5032: 5031:National Post 5028: 5022: 5019: 5006: 5003:(in French). 5002: 5001: 4996: 4989: 4986: 4980: 4975: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4956: 4953: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4925: 4922: 4919: 4915: 4912: 4906: 4903: 4898: 4894: 4890: 4886: 4882: 4878: 4871: 4868: 4865: 4861: 4858: 4852: 4850: 4846: 4842: 4838: 4835: 4829: 4827: 4823: 4807: 4800: 4793: 4790: 4785: 4781: 4775: 4771: 4768: 4764: 4760: 4757: 4751: 4748: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4729: 4726: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4708: 4705: 4697:September 22, 4692: 4688: 4682: 4679: 4666: 4662: 4656: 4653: 4640: 4634: 4631: 4618: 4612: 4609: 4597: 4593: 4587: 4584: 4572: 4568: 4562: 4559: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4532: 4529: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4502: 4499: 4486: 4482: 4478: 4471: 4468: 4455: 4451: 4447: 4441: 4439: 4435: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4406: 4399: 4396: 4388:September 22, 4380: 4373: 4367: 4364: 4358: 4355: 4347:September 22, 4342: 4336: 4333: 4329: 4317: 4313: 4306: 4303: 4300: 4296: 4290: 4287: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4260: 4257: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4230: 4227: 4220: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4182: 4178: 4172: 4171: 4166: 4163: 4159: 4158: 4153: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4137: 4132: 4128: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4115: 4110: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4096: 4092: 4091: 4086: 4083: 4082: 4077: 4074: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4061:In the novel 4060: 4057: 4056: 4051: 4047: 4043: 4040: 4039: 4034: 4031: 4027: 4026: 4025:Marvel Comics 4021: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4007: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3990: 3986: 3982: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3969: 3964: 3960: 3959: 3958:Infinite Jest 3954: 3951: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3939: 3934: 3933:Clive Cussler 3931: 3928: 3927:The Underdogs 3924: 3921: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3891: 3890: 3883: 3873: 3868: 3866: 3860: 3851: 3850: 3844: 3842: 3835: 3833: 3832: 3823: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3801: 3800: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3764: 3758: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3732: 3731: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3705: 3704: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3678: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3668: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3653: 3647: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3621: 3620: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3605: 3602: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3593: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3540: 3539: 3535: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3513: 3512: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3486: 3485: 3481: 3478: 3476: 3473: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3459: 3458: 3454: 3451: 3449: 3446: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3432: 3431: 3427: 3424: 3422: 3419: 3416: 3413: 3411: 3408: 3405: 3404: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3378: 3377: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3359: 3357: 3354: 3351: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3341: 3335: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308:January 2019 3307: 3306: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3294: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3280: 3279: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3252: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227:10 June 2022 3226: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3216: 3210: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3184: 3183: 3179: 3176: 3174: 3171: 3168: 3165: 3163: 3160: 3157: 3156: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3130: 3129: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3103: 3102: 3098: 3095: 3093: 3090: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3076: 3075: 3071: 3068: 3066: 3063: 3060: 3057: 3055: 3052: 3049: 3048: 3044: 3041: 3039: 3036: 3033: 3030: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3021: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3003: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2994: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2968: 2967: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2955: 2952: 2949: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2940: 2936: 2933: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2914: 2913: 2909: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2887: 2886: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2866: 2863: 2860: 2859: 2848: 2829: 2816: 2815:MediaWiki.org 2812: 2807: 2798: 2797: 2794: 2793: 2789: 2788: 2783:Opinion polls 2782: 2780: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2755: 2752: 2744: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2720: 2719: 2715: 2710:This section 2708: 2704: 2699: 2698: 2692: 2690: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2672: 2670: 2666: 2664: 2656: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2643: 2638: 2636: 2631: 2629: 2625: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2606: 2601: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2587: 2583: 2582: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2559: 2557: 2553: 2542: 2539: 2531: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2507: 2506: 2502: 2497:This section 2495: 2491: 2486: 2485: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2467: 2465: 2461: 2456: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2428:First Nations 2425: 2420: 2418: 2414: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2398: 2395:of 1982, the 2394: 2393: 2388: 2384: 2383:New Brunswick 2380: 2375: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2356: 2353: 2349: 2341: 2336: 2331: 2330:Québec debout 2328: 2325: 2322: 2319: 2316: 2313: 2310: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2270: 2269: 2264: 2261: 2258: 2255: 2252: 2249: 2246: 2245: 2241: 2236: 2233: 2230: 2229: 2224: 2221: 2217: 2214: 2210: 2207: 2203: 2200: 2196: 2193: 2192: 2191:L'aut'journal 2187: 2184: 2183: 2178: 2175: 2174: 2169: 2165: 2164: 2160: 2158: 2157: 2153: 2151: 2150: 2146: 2145: 2144: 2143: 2139: 2138: 2134: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2121:SNQ du Suroît 2120: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2075: 2072: 2071: 2066: 2064: 2059: 2058: 2052: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2028: 2027: 2023: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2003: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1980: 1977: 1974: 1971: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1942: 1940: 1932: 1927: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1906: 1905: 1901: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1872: 1867: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1852: 1849: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1817:2003 election 1813: 1810: 1804: 1802: 1791: 1779: 1774: 1765: 1764: 1758: 1756: 1753: 1749: 1748: 1744:, passed the 1743: 1742:Jean Chrétien 1740: 1736: 1733:In 1999, the 1725: 1722: 1714: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1690: 1689: 1685: 1680:This section 1678: 1674: 1669: 1668: 1662: 1660: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1645: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1624: 1621: 1613: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1589: 1588: 1587:single source 1583:This section 1581: 1572: 1571: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1555: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1523: 1522:(see below). 1521: 1516: 1507: 1503: 1501: 1500:Hardial Bains 1497: 1492: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1477: 1475: 1474:1984 election 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1454: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1438: 1436: 1432: 1431:1994 election 1426: 1418: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1402: 1398: 1395: 1389: 1386: 1382: 1377: 1374: 1369: 1366: 1361: 1355: 1351: 1348: 1347: 1346:Option Québec 1342: 1336: 1334: 1329: 1327: 1326: 1325:Option Québec 1317: 1314: 1313: 1312: 1310: 1305: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1270:Great Britain 1267: 1256: 1253: 1245: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1221: 1220: 1219:single source 1215:This section 1213: 1204: 1203: 1199: 1191: 1189: 1187: 1183: 1182:1985 election 1179: 1178:René Lévesque 1175: 1172: 1171:1981 election 1167: 1164: 1162: 1157: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1145:On May 17 PQ 1143: 1141: 1135: 1133: 1132:1976 election 1122: 1119: 1111: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1087: 1086: 1085:single source 1081:This section 1079: 1070: 1069: 1065: 1057: 1055: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1033:Jérôme Proulx 1029: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1014: 1012: 1008: 1003: 1001: 997: 996:René Lévesque 993: 988: 986: 981: 979: 973: 969: 964: 962: 958: 954: 948: 946: 941: 939: 934: 932: 931:Gabriel Hudon 928: 924: 920: 915: 913: 909: 908:Marcel Chaput 906:, RIN member 905: 899: 897: 893: 889: 885: 880: 878: 866: 856: 852: 847: 843: 840:This section 838: 834: 829: 828: 819: 816: 808: 798: 794: 790: 784: 783: 779: 774:This section 772: 768: 763: 762: 756: 754: 751: 746: 744: 740: 736: 732: 728: 722: 716: 712: 708: 703: 699: 694: 688: 687: 681: 675: 674:La Survivance 669: 664: 662: 658: 654: 650: 645: 640: 636: 632: 628: 626: 622: 618: 613: 608: 604: 600: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 571: 570:Gespe'gewa'gi 567: 562: 559: 555: 545: 542: 534: 524: 520: 516: 510: 509: 508:single source 504:This section 502: 493: 492: 486: 483: 475: 473: 470: 466: 462: 458: 452: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 428: 425: 421: 416: 413: 409: 403: 401: 397: 392: 388: 377: 374: 366: 363:November 2021 356: 352: 348: 342: 341: 337: 332:This section 330: 326: 321: 320: 314: 312: 310: 306: 301: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 266: 261: 256: 252: 244: 241: 226: 223: 215: 204: 201: 197: 194: 190: 187: 183: 180: 176: 173: – 172: 168: 167:Find sources: 161: 157: 151: 150: 145:This article 143: 139: 134: 133: 124: 121: 113: 103: 99: 93: 92: 88: 82: 73: 72: 67: 65: 58: 57: 52: 51: 46: 41: 32: 31: 19: 7425: 7387: 7354: 7283: 7276: 7270: 7065: 7045: 6709: 6702: 6588: 6581: 6572: 6565: 6512: 6135: 5910:Nathalie Roy 5887:Marc Tanguay 5756: 5722: 5704: 5699:Le Québécois 5697: 5690: 5683: 5676: 5669: 5664:Gens du pays 5655: 5648: 5641: 5634: 5518: 5485: 5478: 5416: 5374: 5309: 5302: 5291: 5281: 5274: 5267: 5260: 5239:. Retrieved 5214: 5210: 5200: 5188:. Retrieved 5179: 5169: 5157:. Retrieved 5143: 5131:. Retrieved 5119: 5109: 5097:. Retrieved 5078: 5066:. Retrieved 5051: 5039:. Retrieved 5021: 5009:. Retrieved 4998: 4988: 4969: 4965: 4955: 4943:. Retrieved 4939:the original 4935:Newsmagazine 4934: 4924: 4905: 4880: 4876: 4870: 4813:. Retrieved 4806:the original 4792: 4783: 4779: 4750: 4742:the original 4737: 4728: 4707: 4695:. Retrieved 4691:the original 4681: 4669:. Retrieved 4665:the original 4655: 4643:. Retrieved 4633: 4621:. Retrieved 4611: 4599:. Retrieved 4595: 4586: 4574:. Retrieved 4570: 4561: 4549:. Retrieved 4540: 4531: 4519:. Retrieved 4501: 4489:. Retrieved 4480: 4470: 4458:. Retrieved 4425:. Retrieved 4408: 4398: 4386:. Retrieved 4372:"I'm voting" 4366: 4357: 4345:. Retrieved 4341:"I'm voting" 4335: 4327: 4320:. Retrieved 4316:the original 4305: 4289: 4277:. Retrieved 4259: 4247:. Retrieved 4238: 4229: 4168: 4155: 4145:Bill Clinton 4134: 4112: 4105: 4088: 4087:In the film 4079: 4073:Babylon A.D. 4062: 4053: 4045: 4036: 4023: 4006:Mitteleuropa 3994:client state 3966: 3956: 3938:Night Probe! 3936: 3926: 3908: 3896: 3877: 3863: 3839: 3829: 3813: 3789: 3761: 3747: 3720: 3693: 3665: 3650: 3636: 3609: 3582: 3555: 3528: 3501: 3474: 3447: 3420: 3393: 3366: 3352:August 2018 3338: 3324: 3319: 3295: 3268: 3241: 3213: 3199: 3172: 3145: 3118: 3091: 3064: 3037: 3010: 2983: 2956: 2929: 2902: 2888:8 June 2024 2875: 2839:Sample size 2762: 2747: 2738: 2723:Please help 2711: 2676: 2667: 2660: 2639: 2634: 2632: 2610: 2579: 2571:Keynesianism 2560: 2552:conservative 2549: 2534: 2525: 2510:Please help 2498: 2457: 2445: 2424:Eurocentrism 2421: 2410: 2390: 2376: 2362:, as it was 2357: 2345: 2234:Québec-Radio 2228:Le Québécois 2161: 2154: 2147: 2140: 2106:SNQ de Laval 2061: 1938: 1936: 1875: 1863: 1857: 1853: 1845: 1814: 1805: 1798: 1788:January 2024 1785: 1777: 1745: 1732: 1717: 1708: 1693:Please help 1681: 1657: 1649: 1646: 1631: 1616: 1607: 1584: 1559:francophones 1556: 1524: 1519: 1512: 1493: 1478: 1455: 1439: 1428: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1390: 1378: 1370: 1356: 1352: 1345: 1337: 1330: 1324: 1321: 1306: 1294: 1263: 1248: 1239: 1216: 1176: 1168: 1165: 1158: 1154: 1150:Robert Burns 1144: 1136: 1129: 1114: 1105: 1082: 1041: 1030: 1015: 1004: 989: 965: 957:Albert Memmi 953:Frantz Fanon 949: 942: 935: 916: 900: 881: 873: 860: 851:You can help 841: 811: 802: 787:Please help 775: 749: 747: 725:since 1881. 671: 666: 661:Upper Canada 653:Lower Canada 630: 629: 593: 572:district of 563: 558:sovereignism 557: 553: 552: 537: 528: 505: 453: 429: 417: 404: 399: 396:sovereignist 395: 390: 386: 384: 369: 360: 345:Please help 333: 302: 298:constitution 273: 271: 251: 236: 218: 209: 199: 192: 185: 178: 166: 154:Please help 149:verification 146: 116: 110:January 2022 107: 85: 61: 54: 48: 47:Please help 44: 7389:NunatuKavut 7164:(1996-2004) 7155:Unity Rally 7096:(1837-1838) 6930:War of 1812 6803:Maple syrup 5925:Legislature 5487:Clarity Act 5380:Jane Jacobs 5368:(in French) 5359:(in French) 5351:(in French) 5343:(in French) 5334:(in French) 5099:January 23, 5068:October 20, 5041:November 8, 4786:(1): 93–95. 4521:October 25, 4460:November 7, 4322:February 8, 4279:October 25, 4102:Peter Watts 3947:World War I 2811:Phabricator 2586:nationalist 1747:Clarity Act 1711:August 2024 1651:Clarity Act 1642:Roy Romanow 1610:August 2024 1520:Clarity Act 1022:James Cross 1007:Quebec City 974:, shouted " 863:August 2024 554:Sovereignty 7427:Nitassinan 7382:Inuvialuit 7368:Oka Crisis 7356:Indian Act 7259:Patriation 6399:candidates 5724:Pur et dur 5217:: 102088. 5089:Canada.com 4721:0773513426 4645:August 24, 4623:August 24, 4601:August 24, 4576:August 24, 4450:Angus Reid 4299:0140144978 4221:References 4157:The Critic 3975:novels by 3943:Ungava Bay 3897:Separation 2856:Undecided 2833:conducted 2681:, such as 2577:heritage. 2392:Canada Act 2163:Groupe TVA 1848:Angus Reid 1531:allophones 1527:anglophone 1468:, and the 1373:free trade 1360:referendum 1278:New France 1196:See also: 441:federalist 433:Meech Lake 400:separatist 391:separatist 182:newspapers 87:neutrality 50:improve it 7440:(1991–96) 7306:(1990–91) 7300:(1987–90) 7267:(to 1965) 7255:(1953–56) 7249:(1937–40) 7108:(1890–96) 6815:Festivals 6734:(1963–64) 6612:Canadians 6342:(Interim) 6329:(interim) 6306:(interim) 6288:(interim) 6053:Elections 6033:Parti nul 5657:Le Devoir 5231:0176-2680 5159:August 8, 5133:August 8, 5128:0190-8286 5000:Le Devoir 4897:145156740 4491:March 24, 4481:Le Devoir 4417:0458-3035 4249:March 19, 4139:episode " 4081:Shadowrun 4030:Northstar 4017:Plastique 4013:DC Comics 3955:'s novel 3895:'s novel 2741:July 2023 2712:does not 2652:Opponents 2621:President 2528:July 2023 2499:does not 2480:Québécois 2337:Arguments 2306:SPQ Libre 2213:La Gauche 2173:Le Devoir 1963:Mars 2011 1876:In 2021, 1865:Le Devoir 1682:does not 1602:citations 1594:talk page 1547:Algonquin 1543:Attikamek 1234:citations 1226:talk page 1100:citations 1092:talk page 961:Karl Marx 892:Raoul Roy 855:talk page 776:does not 715:Louisiana 644:Canadiens 612:Canadiens 576:claiming 574:Miꞌkmaꞌki 523:citations 515:talk page 334:does not 276:(French: 98:talk page 56:talk page 7547:Category 6879:CN Tower 6826:Carnaval 6689:Heraldry 6669:National 6347:Blanchet 6339:Beaulieu 6316:Beaulieu 6293:Gauthier 6280:Bouchard 6043:Parti 51 5983:Bloc pot 5752:Étapisme 5241:March 9, 5235:Archived 5190:June 30, 5184:Archived 5153:Archived 5093:Archived 5062:Archived 5035:Archived 5005:Archived 4945:July 24, 4914:Archived 4860:Archived 4837:Archived 4815:March 5, 4770:Archived 4759:Archived 4671:June 21, 4551:June 18, 4545:Archived 4515:Archived 4485:Archived 4454:Archived 4421:Archived 4379:Archived 4273:Archived 4243:Archived 4179:See also 4149:the bomb 4136:Simpsons 4106:Starfish 4090:Die Hard 3880:May 2021 3872:relocate 2677:Various 2575:Catholic 2381:, while 2199:Le Couac 2142:Québecor 1888:and the 1242:May 2024 1108:May 2024 985:Montreal 805:May 2024 737:and the 707:Acadians 599:movement 596:Canadien 531:May 2024 408:a motion 315:Overview 91:disputed 7431:claimed 7404:Nunavut 7398:Nunavik 7393:claimed 7012:English 6808:Poutine 6797:Cuisine 6742:Culture 6662:Symbols 6496:Related 6334:Ouellet 6321:Duceppe 6298:Duceppe 6285:Duceppe 6273:Leaders 6159:Federal 5864:Cabinet 5841:Premier 5671:Le Jour 5493:Bill 99 5428:History 5011:July 2, 4427:July 8, 4133:In the 4055:Trinity 3965:In the 3870:Please 2831:Date(s) 2813:and on 2765:Haitian 2733:removed 2718:sources 2563:liberal 2520:removed 2505:sources 2399:or the 2268:Le Jour 1815:In the 1778:updated 1703:removed 1688:sources 1551:Abenaki 1487:in the 1479:In the 1130:In the 1042:In the 1035:of the 992:Liberal 972:Algeria 898:(FLQ). 797:removed 782:sources 713:and in 709:in the 641:by the 476:History 355:removed 340:sources 280:) is a 196:scholar 7384:(1984) 7370:(1990) 7351:(1885) 7345:(1869) 7318:(1997) 7312:(1992) 7294:(1971) 7288:(1984) 7170:(2006) 7141:(1970) 7114:(1912) 7102:(1839) 7019:Canada 7017:French 6754:Sports 6714:(1980) 6699:(1867) 6326:Fortin 6311:Paillé 6303:Barbot 5314:online 5296:online 5286:online 5229: 5126: 4895: 4719: 4415: 4297: 3262:1,012 3235:1,404 3108:Pallas 3054:Pallas 2973:Pallas 2892:Pallas 2613:France 2607:France 2475:Allies 2440:Mohawk 2434:, and 2237:Vigile 1266:France 959:, and 929:, and 853:. The 698:French 592:, the 582:Québec 305:nation 290:Canada 286:Quebec 198: 191: 184: 177: 169: 7475:NORAD 7470:CUSMA 7338:Métis 6899:Banff 6684:Flags 6679:Royal 4893:S2CID 4809:(PDF) 4802:(PDF) 4382:(PDF) 4375:(PDF) 3904:hand. 3810:1,008 3741:1,053 3714:1,000 3687:1,000 3630:1,000 3603:1,005 3576:1,005 3549:1,005 3522:1,000 3468:1,000 3464:CROP/ 3441:1,000 3414:1,005 3410:Léger 3387:2,001 3383:Ipsos 3360:1,010 3289:1,013 3193:1,000 3166:1,042 3139:1,036 3112:1,095 3085:1,066 3058:1,178 3031:1,066 3004:1,040 2977:1,180 2950:1,033 2923:1,026 2896:1,339 2869:1,041 2845:Lead 2687:Inuit 2436:Métis 2432:Inuit 2065:(MNQ) 1990:(RRQ) 1343:. In 447:(see 288:from 203:JSTOR 189:books 7460:NATO 7275:and 7015:and 6724:and 6697:Name 6451:2021 6446:2019 6441:2015 6436:2011 6431:2008 6426:2006 6421:2004 6416:2000 6411:1997 6406:1993 6388:2019 6383:2017 6378:2014 6373:2011 6368:1997 6363:1996 6096:1995 6091:1980 5243:2023 5227:ISSN 5192:2023 5161:2023 5135:2023 5124:ISSN 5101:2007 5070:2015 5043:2010 5013:2010 4947:2012 4817:2011 4717:ISBN 4699:2010 4673:2010 4647:2024 4625:2024 4603:2024 4578:2024 4553:2021 4523:2017 4493:2011 4462:2010 4429:2019 4413:ISSN 4390:2010 4349:2010 4324:2009 4295:ISBN 4281:2017 4251:2021 3760:The 3755:18% 3728:13% 3710:CROP 3701:36% 3664:The 3649:The 3644:25% 3626:CROP 3617:22% 3590:27% 3563:26% 3536:15% 3509:26% 3482:40% 3455:34% 3437:CROP 3428:30% 3401:30% 3374:26% 3337:The 3332:Tie 3303:18% 3276:24% 3273:12% 3265:32% 3238:33% 3212:The 3207:13% 3180:15% 3153:17% 3126:12% 3099:19% 3045:21% 3018:21% 2964:17% 2937:17% 2910:12% 2883:21% 2850:Yes 2771:and 2769:Arab 2716:any 2714:cite 2685:and 2683:Cree 2503:any 2501:cite 2448:Cree 2350:and 2068:are: 2060:The 1686:any 1684:cite 1549:and 1539:Innu 1535:Cree 1464:and 1462:1979 1456:The 780:any 778:cite 556:and 435:and 389:and 338:any 336:cite 272:The 175:news 84:The 6981:CBC 6204:PEI 5378:by 5219:doi 4974:doi 4885:doi 4734:"?" 4715:. ( 4154:In 4100:In 4095:FLQ 4035:In 4022:In 4011:In 3971:of 3901:CTV 3824:8% 3818:46% 3814:54% 3797:8% 3790:54% 3786:46% 3783:602 3748:59% 3744:41% 3725:14% 3721:49% 3717:36% 3694:68% 3690:32% 3641:11% 3637:57% 3633:32% 3610:61% 3606:39% 3583:59% 3579:32% 3556:63% 3552:37% 3533:15% 3529:50% 3525:35% 3502:63% 3498:37% 3495:999 3475:70% 3471:30% 3448:67% 3444:33% 3421:65% 3417:35% 3398:20% 3394:55% 3390:25% 3367:63% 3363:37% 3329:54% 3325:23% 3320:23% 3300:10% 3296:54% 3292:36% 3269:56% 3242:67% 3204:10% 3200:51% 3196:38% 3177:11% 3173:52% 3169:37% 3150:11% 3146:53% 3142:36% 3123:14% 3119:49% 3115:37% 3096:11% 3092:54% 3088:35% 3072:9% 3069:13% 3065:48% 3061:39% 3042:11% 3038:55% 3034:34% 3011:56% 3007:35% 2991:7% 2988:11% 2984:48% 2980:41% 2961:11% 2957:53% 2953:36% 2934:11% 2930:53% 2926:36% 2903:52% 2899:40% 2876:56% 2872:35% 2853:No 2727:by 2611:In 2514:by 1937:Le 1880:'s 1841:NDP 1697:by 1335:). 963:. 791:by 659:in 584:by 451:). 349:by 158:by 7549:: 6817:: 6799:: 6756:: 6224:NU 6219:NT 6214:YU 6209:NL 6199:NS 6194:NB 6189:QC 6184:ON 6179:MB 6174:SK 6169:AB 6164:BC 5233:. 5225:. 5215:71 5213:. 5209:. 5182:. 5178:. 5151:. 5122:. 5118:. 5091:. 5087:. 5029:. 4997:. 4970:29 4968:. 4964:. 4891:. 4881:28 4879:. 4848:^ 4825:^ 4782:. 4776:; 4736:. 4594:. 4569:. 4539:. 4509:. 4483:. 4479:. 4448:. 4437:^ 4419:. 4411:. 4407:. 4326:. 4267:. 4241:. 4237:. 4151:'. 4097:.) 3919:). 3587:9% 3249:- 3246:? 3015:9% 2907:8% 2880:9% 2767:, 2648:. 2403:. 2374:. 1545:, 1541:, 1491:. 1328:. 1292:. 1142:. 1054:. 955:, 933:. 925:, 914:. 663:. 627:. 311:. 300:. 262:: 59:. 7069:: 6728:) 6720:( 6547:e 6540:t 6533:v 6258:e 6251:t 6244:v 5793:e 5786:t 5779:v 5666:" 5662:" 5409:e 5402:t 5395:v 5382:. 5298:. 5245:. 5221:: 5194:. 5163:. 5137:. 5103:. 5072:. 5045:. 5015:. 4982:. 4976:: 4949:. 4899:. 4887:: 4819:. 4784:6 4723:) 4701:. 4675:. 4649:. 4627:. 4605:. 4580:. 4555:. 4525:. 4495:. 4464:. 4431:. 4392:. 4351:. 4283:. 4253:. 3949:. 3882:) 3878:( 3867:. 3821:? 3794:? 3752:? 3698:? 3614:? 3560:? 3506:? 3479:? 3452:? 3425:? 3371:? 3316:– 2817:. 2754:) 2748:( 2743:) 2739:( 2735:. 2721:. 2541:) 2535:( 2530:) 2526:( 2522:. 2508:. 1790:) 1786:( 1780:. 1724:) 1718:( 1713:) 1709:( 1705:. 1691:. 1623:) 1617:( 1612:) 1608:( 1590:. 1255:) 1249:( 1244:) 1240:( 1222:. 1121:) 1115:( 1110:) 1106:( 1088:. 980:! 865:) 861:( 818:) 812:( 807:) 803:( 799:. 785:. 696:( 544:) 538:( 533:) 529:( 511:. 376:) 370:( 365:) 361:( 357:. 343:. 243:) 237:( 225:) 219:( 214:) 210:( 200:· 193:· 186:· 179:· 152:. 123:) 117:( 112:) 108:( 104:. 94:. 66:) 62:( 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index