164:. While it used to be worn as the only upper garment, this practice has almost entirely disappeared, and today it is usually worn over a blouse for decoration or warmth. However, the popularity of highly decorated blouses has led to a diminishing of the quechquemitl. Only among the Totonacs, Otomis and Nahuas is the garment widely used, but even with these it is mostly found on older women. Younger women from the same communities prefer commercial blouses and shirts, reserving the quechquemitl for market days and festivals.
254:
folded in half for a square look. The fold goes over one arm the edges going over the other arm are partially sewn, leaving space for the head to pass. A variation on this is two squares of fabric with the arm/shoulder seams sewn, leaving a neck opening. Another variation which is rare is made from a single rectangle from which a smaller rectangle has been cut. Then folded over, the two narrowest edges are sewn. It is worn with points hanging off the shoulders.
245:, often with six used and as many as twenty have been noted. These gauze weavings tend to be more complex than those used for huipils. Some appear as a checkerboard pattern. Seersucker is used by adding commercial threads in stripes along with the handspun threads. The commercial threads do not shrink when washed and the puckering effect is created. Weft brocade is a decorative technique where heavier threads are introduced in the
68:
180:
250:
part a colored wool, either red or pink. The wool warp is much longer than the cotton at a point in the weaving producing warp faced fabric. The wool warp is cult and used as weft in a weft faced band, given the look of a colored border. The curvature is designed to fall on the shoulders of the wearer. This type of garment can be found in the Sierra Norte de Puebla region.
20:
283:
There was another variation in which the cloth was twisted before the edges sewn, resulting in a shape that conformed closer to the body. The name of Mixtec princesses often had the word âquechquemitlâ. The garments were woven on backstrap looms, which can still be seen today, and dyed with natural colorings such as
208:, an âSâ form called an ilhuitl and a cross with branches of equal length which represents the cardinal directions. Colors have symbolic meaning such as yellow for east. One European element is a stylized vase with flowers, but the double headed eagle, can be of either indigenous or European origin. The Huastecs in
224:
Like other indigenous garments, the quechquemitl is made from uncut pieces of cloths as they come off the loom. Quechquemitl designs are achieved through weaving (fiber, color, structure), surface ornamentation (usually embroidery) and finishes applied to the seams and edges. Various kinds of weaves
191:
Peoples noted for the making of quechquemilts include the
Huastecs, the Nahuas, the Tepehuas, the Huichols and the Otomis and the decoration of the garment can identify from which group it comes. However, the climate of the region it is made also has an effect such as the use of wool in colder areas.
80:
and blouse. The size of the quechquemitl depends on how it is to be worn as well as its relation to other pieces of clothing. Its effect on the overall outfit is determined on this relationship, rather than standing along as a long huipil can. The garment is used for everyday wear, social and ritual
75:
The quechquemitl has been variously described as a shawl, a cape and a triangular cloth, despite only resembling these somewhat when worn. Most quechquemitls are two pieces of rectangular cloth sewn together, and most often worn off the shoulders, covering the upper body. Most have points which can
282:
era. In this era, it was particularly associated with fertility goddesses possibly due to the origins of the garment in the Gulf Coast region and its fertility. These garments when worn by the nobility were made of cotton, sometimes with rabbit fur or feathers woven in for warmth and/or decoration.
249:
to create patterns. A looped brocade is also created by tugging on these weft threads to raise them. These brocades are often mistaken as embroidery in both
Mexican and Guatemalan textiles. The curved weaving technique is particularly complicated and unique. Part of the warp is of white cotton and
277:
The garment has pre
Hispanic origins and has been worn by some indigenous women for about 2,000 years. It is most likely that the garment originated with the Totonacs on the Gulf coast. It was brought to the Mexican highlands by the Otomis. In the pre Hispanic era, the quechquemitl was worn with
253:
There are three methods of joining the pieces of cloth. The first uses two rectangles of cloth with the narrow end of each joined to the long side of the other. This creates a warped loop whose points can be worn front/back or over the shoulders. Another is made with one long rectangle which is
294:
After the
Spanish conquest, the quechquemitl was adopted by all indigenous women. The garment was then worn alone, exposing the midriff or over a huipil. However, today neither of these uses are common. Treadle looms and spinning wheels were also introduced and well as sheep producing wool.
263:
58:
In the pre-Hispanic period only women of high social rank were allowed to wear the quechquemitl. Since the colonial period, it has been adopted by various peoples, mostly living in central Mexico, for everyday wear, festival and rituals, but its use has declined.
302:, who was known for her wearing of Mexican indigenous clothing, had quechquemetls, including one from Puebla with symbols related to fertility which are no longer made. There have been conferences and other academic events devoted to the garment, such as a
216:
and the
Huichols in Jalisco and Nayarit make their quechquemitls in an undyed cotton, which is heavily embroidered with flowers and animals in various colors. The Nahuas of San Francisco Chapantla, Hidalgo and
459:
879:
278:
huipil and a wrap around skirt, generally only for special occasions and by high-ranking women. It may even have been reserved for use by goddesses and those portraying them in ritual in the
425:
884:
854:
532:
Lourdes
Zambrano (June 14, 2007). "Entra Conarte al ropero de Frida" [Conarte enters Fridaâs wardrobe] (in Spanish). Monterrery, Mexico: El Norte. p. 1.
977:
2033:
274:
and means âneck garmentâ (quechtli = neck and tlaquemitl = garment) . It has other names in other indigenous languages such as thayemlaab among the
Huastecs.
76:
hang down the front and back or over the arms. Quechquemitls are generally worn with various other garments, such as a wraparound skirt tied with a sash,
874:
561:
462:[The Quechquemitl: a traditional look, the design and the aesthetics of an indigenous textile of Mexico] (in Spanish). Oaxaca: CrĂłnica de Oaxaca
221:
decorate their huipils with fretwork, animals and flowers. Among the
Huastecs the garment is usually of undyed cotton which is heavily embroidered.
1625:
1121:
864:
962:
957:
937:
35:
since the pre-Hispanic period. It usually consists of two pieces of rectangular cloth, often woven by hand, which is sewn together to form a
1068:
429:
193:
1063:
982:
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932:
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2131:
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570:
168:
2007:
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485:
2143:
2105:
1992:
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844:
791:
1955:
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Today, the quechquemitl is still worn but its use has diminished. However, it remains important in
Mexican culture.
71:
Two ways of wearing a quechquemitl, on the head and on the shoulders. The one on the shoulders is of the curved type
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There is evidence that a number of motifs dates back to the pre
Hispanic period. Others were adopted after the
310:. and a conference on its use in Nahua and Huastec identities at the Centro de las Artes in San Luis PotosĂ.
196:, and a number are hard to date as they show both European and indigenous influence. Ancient designs include
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488:[Huastic embroidery in the Huasteca Potosina] (in Spanish). Mexico City: Mexico Desconocido magazine
218:
1107:
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781:
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238:
43:
like garment, which is usually worn hanging off the shoulders. It can be constructed of various different
2462:
513:[Will offer a conference about the Quechquemitl] (in Spanish). Mexico: CONACULTA. October 5, 2010
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31:(also spelled quezquemitl) is a garment which has been worn by certain indigenous ethnicities in
2342:
1749:
811:
460:"El quechquemitl: una mirada de la tradiciĂłn, el diseño y la estĂ©tica textil indĂgena de MĂ©xico"
213:
93:
270:
The name âquechquemitlâ (sometimes spelled quesquemitl, quezquemitl or quexquemitl) comes from
262:
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388:
133:
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A design analysis of quechquemitl from the Cordry collection (costume, weaving, Mexican)
67:
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1997:
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179:
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In some areas, the quechquemitl is also worn as a head covering. Among the Tepehuas in
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89:
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2057:
1832:
1677:
1130:
718:
201:
97:
1744:
539:
149:
125:
84:
The garment is found mostly in central Mexico among indigenous women such as the
2575:
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2193:
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52:
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85:
19:
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677:
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288:
242:
161:
137:
77:
44:
36:
32:
428:(in Spanish). Mexico City: Artes e Historia magazine. Archived from
23:
Quezquémetl from the Huasteca Potosina, identifiable for its colours
237:
and curved or shaped weaving. The finest gauze pieces are from the
2565:
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2434:
2317:
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1807:
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1772:
1707:
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1239:
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1176:
708:
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226:
178:
66:
40:
2067:
1564:
1529:
1502:
1439:
1186:
1099:
246:
171:, Hidalgo, this kind of quechquemitl is made with a fine gauze.
1103:
543:
1382:
266:
An Otomi decorative element from the Sierra Norte de Puebla
880:
Museo Universitario de Artes Populares MarĂa Teresa Pomar
144:. It has also been seen in some other areas such as the
385:"Quechquemitl Mexico, State of Mexico OtomĂ, ca. 1946"
51:, and is typically highly decorated, most often with
885:
National Fund for the Development of Arts and Crafts
2528:
2445:
2362:
2310:
2219:
2119:
2088:
2018:
1911:
1904:
1765:
1458:
1372:
1270:
1227:
1220:
1137:
991:
925:
908:
820:
737:
701:
640:
577:
387:. Washington DC: The Textile Museum. Archived from
855:Museo de la Laca and the Santo Domingo monastery
511:"OfrecerĂĄn la conferencia sobre el quechquemitl"
1115:
555:
505:
503:
486:"Los bordados teenek en la Huasteca Potosina"
8:
1908:
1224:
1122:
1108:
1100:
875:Museo Regional de la Ceramica, Tlaquepaque
562:
548:
540:
484:Eduardo Gleason Berumen (13 August 2010).
351:
349:
347:
345:
343:
204:, the scepter of Quetzalcoatl, related to
479:
477:
341:
339:
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335:
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379:
377:
375:
291:and other plants, animals and minerals.
18:
865:Museo Estatal de Arte Popular de Oaxaca
319:
458:Arturo GĂłmez MartĂnez (June 7, 2011).
7:
1069:Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys
241:, with very complex arrangements of
225:are done for quechquemitls includes
1064:Traditional metal working in Mexico
360:(PhD). The University of Arizona.
14:
1059:Traditional copper work in Mexico
183:Quechquemitl from Hidalgo at the
641:Textiles and other fiber crafts
617:Green glazed pottery of Atzompa
571:Mexican handcrafts and folk art
890:National Museum of Mexican Art
308:Museo Nacional de AntropologĂa
16:Indigenous garment from Mexico
1:
1919:Traditional Albanian clothing
1019:Mexican handcrafted fireworks
895:National Pyrotechnic Festival
356:Evans, Elouise Adele (1985).
926:Handcrafts by federal entity
900:Palm Sunday Handcraft Market
870:Museo Nacional de la MĂĄscara
306:sponsored conference at the
845:Mexico City Alebrije Parade
792:Tenancingo, State of Mexico
2633:
1079:Votive paintings of Mexico
860:Museo de Trajes Regionales
1024:Mexican ironwood carvings
917:List of Mexican artisans
840:Feria Maestros del Arte
47:, often with intricate
612:Blanco family (Oaxaca)
267:
239:Sierra Norte de Puebla
188:
72:
24:
1034:Mexican mask-folk art
850:Museo de Arte Popular
765:Santa Clara del Cobre
750:San Bartolo Coyotepec
432:on September 15, 2013
265:
210:Tancanhuitz de Santos
185:Museo de Arte Popular
182:
175:Making of the garment
70:
22:
2498:Mexican pointy boots
1039:Mexican pointy boots
755:San MartĂn Tilcajete
63:Construction and use
2453:Inuit skin clothing
1029:Mexican lacquerware
1014:Mexican featherwork
1004:Alfeñique in Mexico
797:TeotitlĂĄn del Valle
782:Santo TomĂĄs Jalieza
777:Santa MarĂa Atzompa
724:Miss Lupita project
607:Barro negro pottery
590:Ceramics of Jalisco
2338:Nationella drÀkten
2280:Sombrero de catite
2053:Scottish highlands
1084:MarĂa Teresa Pomar
745:OcotlĂĄn de Morelos
693:Textiles of Oaxaca
688:Textiles of Mexico
683:Tenango embroidery
653:Basketry of Mexico
622:Mata Ortiz pottery
595:Pottery of Metepec
268:
189:
116:in states such as
73:
25:
2607:Culture of Mexico
2594:
2593:
2358:
2357:
2260:Traje de flamenca
1900:
1899:
1202:Senegalese kaftan
1097:
1096:
821:Organizations and
578:Clay and ceramics
2624:
2617:Mexican clothing
2463:Ceinture fléchée
2179:Ukrainian wreath
1909:
1688:Formal Chut Thai
1651:Maria Clara gown
1225:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1101:
835:Ciudadela Market
663:Mexican rag doll
627:Talavera pottery
585:Mexican ceramics
564:
557:
550:
541:
534:
533:
529:
523:
522:
520:
518:
507:
498:
497:
495:
493:
481:
472:
471:
469:
467:
455:
442:
441:
439:
437:
426:"El quechquémit"
422:
401:
400:
398:
396:
391:on June 18, 2013
381:
370:
369:
353:
219:Hueyapan, Puebla
194:Spanish conquest
2632:
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2627:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2524:
2441:
2354:
2306:
2215:
2115:
2084:
2039:Windsor uniform
2014:
1896:
1761:
1454:
1435:Peshawari pagri
1368:
1266:
1216:
1133:
1128:
1098:
1093:
987:
978:State of Mexico
921:
904:
822:
816:
812:TonalĂĄ, Jalisco
733:
697:
648:Amuzgo textiles
636:
573:
568:
538:
537:
531:
530:
526:
516:
514:
509:
508:
501:
491:
489:
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424:
423:
404:
394:
392:
383:
382:
373:
355:
354:
321:
316:
260:
214:San Luis PotosĂ
200:, a symbol for
177:
152:, and parts of
130:State of Mexico
65:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2630:
2628:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2599:
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2592:
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2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2388:Chilote poncho
2385:
2380:
2372:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2348:SverigedrÀkten
2345:
2340:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2314:
2312:
2308:
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2305:
2304:
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2302:
2297:
2289:
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2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2250:Breton costume
2244:
2243:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2204:Orenburg shawl
2201:
2196:
2191:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2129:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2063:Feather bonnet
2060:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2031:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2000:
1995:
1990:
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1983:
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1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
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1946:
1941:
1936:
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1680:
1675:
1665:
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1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1631:Barong tagalog
1623:
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1611:
1606:
1601:
1591:
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1589:
1584:
1579:
1569:
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1500:
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1490:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1462:
1460:
1456:
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1453:
1452:
1447:
1445:Shalwar kameez
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
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1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
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1242:
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1222:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
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1054:Sawdust carpet
1051:
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992:Related topics
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187:in Mexico City
176:
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2019:British Isles
2017:
2009:
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1996:
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1131:Folk costumes
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1049:Popotillo art
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600:Soteno family
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62:
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56:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
21:
2518:Quechquemitl
2517:
2468:Western wear
2343:BÀckadrÀkten
2311:Scandinavian
2275:Cordovan hat
2226:Netherlands
1833:Tallit katan
1750:Ăo giao lÄ©nh
1678:Chong kraben
770:Punzo family
738:Crafts towns
719:Lupita dolls
673:Quechquemitl
672:
632:Tree of Life
527:
517:February 11,
515:. Retrieved
492:February 11,
490:. Retrieved
466:February 11,
464:. Retrieved
436:February 11,
434:. Retrieved
430:the original
395:February 11,
393:. Retrieved
389:the original
357:
297:
293:
276:
269:
252:
223:
202:Quetzalcoatl
190:
166:
83:
74:
57:
29:quechquemitl
28:
26:
2536:Grass skirt
2410:Liqui liqui
2383:Chilote cap
2300:Coppola cap
2194:Kosovorotka
2159:Kozhushanka
1766:Middle East
1703:Raj pattern
1693:Pha khao ma
1636:Baro't saya
1626:Philippines
1604:Baju Melayu
1599:Baju Kurung
1476:Gaung baung
1235:Afghanistan
1182:Kente cloth
1089:Marta Turok
1009:Huichol art
958:Mexico City
807:Tlaquepaque
802:Tlalpujahua
760:San Pablito
300:Frida Kahlo
81:occasions.
2612:Embroidery
2601:Categories
2420:Panama hat
2174:Vyshyvanka
2132:Azerbaijan
2101:Lederhosen
1966:Fustanella
1755:Ăo tứ thĂąn
1641:Buntal hat
1488:Chong Kben
1298:Tangzhuang
938:Guanajuato
714:CartonerĂa
314:References
231:seersucker
206:Ursa Major
53:embroidery
2405:Guayabera
2270:Cachirulo
2265:Barretina
2189:Kokoshnik
2169:Sharovary
2137:Kelaghayi
1993:Macedonia
1956:Aromanian
1870:Palestine
1723:Tabengman
1683:Chut Thai
1656:Patadyong
1619:Tengkolok
1515:Baju bodo
1510:Indonesia
1459:Southeast
1310:Hachimaki
1283:Cheongsam
1207:Tagelmust
1172:Jellabiya
963:MichoacĂĄn
823:festivals
304:CONACULTA
285:cochineal
169:Huehuetla
150:MichoacĂĄn
126:Querétaro
2576:Taʻovala
2556:Lavalava
2513:Sombrero
2493:Huarache
2473:Bolo tie
2393:Chupalla
2378:Chamanto
2285:Mantilla
2240:Oorijzer
2149:Kobeniak
2025:Britain
1986:Himation
1949:Xhubleta
1944:Xhamadan
1855:Keffiyeh
1838:Tefillin
1740:Ăo bĂ ba
1718:Suea pat
1698:Pha nung
1668:Thailand
1594:Malaysia
1582:Suea pat
1577:Xout lao
1525:Blangkon
1483:Cambodia
1450:Sherwani
1420:Pakistan
1362:Manggeon
1293:Mao suit
1167:Head tie
1162:Djellaba
999:Alebrije
983:Tlaxcala
943:Guerrero
909:Artisans
198:fretwork
158:Guerrero
148:area in
142:Veracruz
114:Huichols
106:Mazahuas
102:Totonacs
94:Tepehuas
86:Huastecs
2551:Lap-lap
2529:Oceania
2489:Mexico
2425:Pollera
2415:Lliklla
2328:Iceland
2246:France
2235:Kraplap
2220:Western
2209:Sarafan
2185:Russia
2164:Ochipok
2154:Kozhukh
2144:Ukraine
2127:Armenia
2120:Eastern
2089:Central
2073:Sporran
2048:Ireland
2029:Country
1998:Romania
1981:Chlamys
1961:Croatia
1939:Qeleshe
1875:Pandama
1860:Kurdish
1843:Tzitzit
1823:Sheitel
1793:Boshiya
1783:Assyria
1735:Vietnam
1661:Salakot
1614:Songkok
1609:Songket
1555:Songkok
1550:Songket
1400:Dupatta
1379:Bhutan
1357:Jokduri
1352:Hwagwan
1337:Daenggi
1332:Cheopji
1262:Paranja
1257:Malahai
1228:Central
1212:Wrapper
1157:Dashiki
1044:Piteado
953:Jalisco
948:Hidalgo
933:Chiapas
787:Temoaya
366:1325566
272:Nahuatl
258:History
243:heddles
235:brocade
154:Morelos
146:Uruapan
134:Hidalgo
122:Jalisco
118:Nayarit
45:fabrics
2586:Tupenu
2561:Kiekie
2546:I-sala
2508:Serape
2503:Rebozo
2485:Huipil
2458:Tignon
2430:Poncho
2400:Chullo
2374:Chile
2370:Aguayo
2333:Sweden
2295:Ciocia
2291:Italy
2256:Spain
2230:Poffer
2111:Tracht
2106:Poland
2096:Dirndl
2058:Aboyne
2008:Kosovo
2003:Serbia
1976:Chiton
1934:Opinga
1929:Ăorape
1912:Balkan
1905:Europe
1890:Hejazi
1885:Turban
1850:JilbÄb
1828:Tallit
1818:Kippah
1813:Jewish
1803:Chador
1745:Ăo dĂ i
1730:Tudong
1673:Banong
1646:Malong
1560:Tanjak
1545:Kupiah
1540:Kemben
1535:Kebaya
1498:Sompot
1471:Longyi
1425:Pathin
1347:Hanbok
1315:Kimono
1247:Chapan
1192:Litham
1152:Boubou
1147:Balgha
1139:Africa
1074:Vochol
973:Puebla
968:Oaxaca
729:Piñata
678:Rebozo
668:Petate
658:Huipil
364:
289:indigo
162:Oaxaca
138:Puebla
128:, the
98:Otomis
90:Nahuas
78:huipil
49:weaves
37:poncho
33:Mexico
2581:TÄfui
2566:Pareo
2478:Chaps
2435:Ruana
2323:GĂĄkti
2318:Bunad
2199:Lapti
2080:Wales
2034:Court
1971:Greek
1880:Thawb
1865:NiqÄb
1808:Izaar
1798:Burqa
1788:Bisht
1773:Abaya
1708:Sabai
1520:Batik
1493:Krama
1466:Burma
1430:Perak
1415:Nepal
1410:Lungi
1405:India
1395:Dhoti
1373:South
1342:Gache
1327:Korea
1305:Japan
1288:Hanfu
1278:China
1240:Pakol
1197:Pareo
1177:Kanzu
709:Amate
702:Paper
280:Aztec
227:gauze
110:Pames
41:shawl
2571:Sulu
2068:Kilt
1924:Brez
1778:Agal
1713:Sinh
1587:Sinh
1572:Laos
1565:Ulos
1530:Ikat
1503:Sbai
1440:Sari
1388:Kira
1271:East
1252:Deel
1221:Asia
1187:Kufi
915:see
519:2013
494:2013
468:2013
438:2013
397:2013
362:OCLC
247:weft
160:and
140:and
112:and
27:The
1383:Gho
1320:Obi
39:or
2603::
502:^
476:^
446:^
405:^
374:^
322:^
287:,
233:,
229:,
212:,
156:,
136:,
132:,
124:,
120:,
108:,
104:,
100:,
96:,
92:,
88:,
55:.
1123:e
1116:t
1109:v
563:e
556:t
549:v
521:.
496:.
470:.
440:.
399:.
368:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
