529: in) long, globular or hemispheric, with up to one-third of its length enclosed in a shallow thin cap. Acorns per pound range from 200 to 750. Acorns mature from August to November of the second year. Trees begin bearing acorns when they are about 25 years old, and optimum production is reached when they are between 50 and 75 years of age. Good acorn crops are frequent, occurring at 1- or 2-year intervals, with light crops in intervening years. Acorns are dormant and do not germinate until the following spring. Germination is
489:
466:
75:
553:). However, the two species are now recognized to significantly differ in several key morphological and ecological features. Cherrybark oak occurs on moist, bottomland sites, while southern red oak typically occurs in drier uplands sites with poor soil. Leaves of southern red oak generally have rounded (U-shaped) bases and fewer, more irregularly shaped lobes than cherrybark. The bark is distinctly different in cherrybark oak and southern red oak.
50:
249:
31:
443:
Cherrybark oaks often attain heights of 30 to 40 meters (100 to 130 feet) and trunk diameters of 91 to 152 centimeters (36 to 60 inches), making it among the largest of the red oaks in the South. It is one of the hardiest and fastest growing oaks. It grows well on more sites than any other bottomland
644:
Natural reproduction occurs on areas protected from fire and grazing. Being intolerant of shade, cherrybark oak requires full light for development, which in turn promotes heavy competition from herbs, vines, and brush. Seedling development is typically good in old fields with well-drained loamy
652:
Cherrybark oak is often found as individual trees in mixed stands, where it usually occurs in a dominant or codominant position. Sometimes it is found in groups where it dominates a stand. Cherrybark cannot tolerate suppression for very long. It is classed as intolerant of shade and probably
480:
The name pagoda refers to the tiered shape of cherrybark's leaves, which are reminiscent of the shape of a pagoda. Its simple, alternate leaves generally have V-shaped bases, deeply incised lobes (5 to 11), and short, broad, uncurved tips. The species is unusual in that the lobes are not
481:
necessarily paired on opposite sides of the leaf, instead appearing alternate or sometimes haphazard in arrangement. The leaves are 18 to 25 cm (7 to 10 in) long and up to 18 cm wide. Leaves are dark green, smooth, and shiny on the surface; undersides are paler and
423:
and commonly grows on more moist sites. Its strong wood and straight form make it an excellent timber tree. Many wildlife species use its acorns as food, and cherrybark oak makes a fine shade tree. Cherrybark oak was formerly considered to be a subspecies of southern red oak,
683:
and willow oak. Because of its good form and quality, cherrybark is regarded as one of the best red oaks. The wood is heavy, hard, and coarse grained. It is used for interior finishing, veneer, general construction, furniture, and cabinets. The color is light reddish brown.
648:
Acorn supply is one of the principal determinants of the amount of natural cherrybark oak reproduction. Other factors include microclimate, soil properties, and stand variables. Seedling development is related to overhead release, with large openings needed.
1270:
499:
The twigs are thick and brown or gray, hairy when young. The buds are egg-shaped with a pointed tip, angular, and hairy. In some regions, the twigs commonly bear galls.
513:
are borne separately on the same tree. Catkins are borne on stalks from leaf axils of the current growth. Flowers appear from
February to May, depending on latitude.
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Cherrybark oak very often grows on the best loamy sites on first bottom ridges, well-drained terraces, and colluvial sites.
239:
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Cherrybark oak usually has a relatively branch-free merchantable bole in contrast with other bottomland red oaks such as
871:
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419:, is one of the most highly valued red oaks in the southern United States. It is larger and better formed than
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Many wildlife species use cherrybark acorns as a substantial part of their diets. Common species are the
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Virginia Tech, Department of Forest
Resources and Environmental Conservation: Cherrybark oak
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420:
827:
112:
452:. Diameter growth typically ranges from 7.6 to 15.2 cm (3 to 6 in) per decade.
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photo of herbarium specimen at
Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Missouri in 1990
765:
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808:. Vol. 3. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org,
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The cherrybark oak is slightly less cold resistant than the southern red oak.
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in between. There are also scattered, outlying populations as far north as
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590:
158:
125:
836:
County-level distribution map from the North
American Plant Atlas (NAPA)
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148:
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138:
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1019:
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932:
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The name 'cherrybark' comes from its similarity to the bark of
168:
541:
In the past, cherrybark oak was classified as a variety (
898:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team.
802:. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.).
856:. In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.).
941:
565:(discontinuous) distribution. It is common in the
462:. The bark is gray and has scaly, narrow ridges.
726:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T194214A111335780.en
838:. Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
770:Note that this website has been superseded by
878:(USDA) – via Southern Research Station.
8:
805:Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA)
1271:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque
848:Belanger, Roger P.; Krinard, R. M. (1990).
701:Wenzell, K.; Kenny, L.; Jerome, D. (2017).
929:
757:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
247:
48:
29:
20:
724:
664:) producing the vigorous Louisiana oak,
876:United States Department of Agriculture
693:
274:
656:Cherrybark oak hybridizes easily with
653:becomes established only in openings.
896:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
7:
1251:IUCN Red List least concern species
789:
787:
785:
783:
781:
779:
712:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
1202:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:296550-1
519:The acorn is about 1.5 cm (
292:(Ashe) E.J.Palmer & Steyerm.
73:
916:A Tree A Day: Louisiana oak or
1:
872:United States Forest Service
814:Harvard University Herbaria
509:; staminate and pistillate
1287:
762:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
620:, and many birds (such as
1261:Trees of Northern America
810:Missouri Botanical Garden
267:
260:
255:
246:
229:
222:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1266:Plants described in 1838
864:Silvics of North America
794:Nixon, Kevin C. (1997).
557:Distribution and habitat
473:hairs on leaf underside.
719:: e.T194214A111335780.
549:) of southern red oak (
812:, St. Louis, MO &
493:
474:
666:Quercus x Ludoviciana
561:Cherrybark oak has a
492:The leaves and twigs.
491:
468:
444:oaks except perhaps
365:Quercus pagodaefolia
316:(Elliott) A.E.Murray
918:Quercus ludoviciana
585:and as far west as
373:Quercus pagodifolia
321:Quercus leucophylla
40:Conservation status
16:Species of oak tree
772:World Flora Online
571:Mississippi Valley
505:Cherrybark oak is
494:
475:
277:Quercus carpenteri
1238:
1237:
1158:Open Tree of Life
935:Taxon identifiers
614:white-tailed deer
569:and in the lower
469:Close-up view of
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868:Washington, D.C.
840:
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816:, Cambridge, MA.
791:
774:
769:
744:
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737:
735:
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728:
698:
528:
527:
523:
421:southern red oak
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866:. Vol. 2.
852:Quercus falcata
847:
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793:
792:
777:
746:
745:
741:
731:
729:
700:
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695:
690:
677:
662:Q. phellos
642:
602:
559:
551:Q. falcata
539:
537:Similar species
525:
521:
520:
438:
426:Quercus falcata
404:
309:Quercus falcata
297:Quercus falcata
285:Quercus falcata
273:
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242:
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231:
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183:
72:
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24:Cherrybark oak
17:
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1228:wfo-0000292305
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1128:
1115:
1102:
1089:
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1024:
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998:
988:
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973:Quercus pagoda
963:
947:
945:
943:Quercus pagoda
939:
938:
933:
927:
926:
921:
913:
910:Quercus pagoda
908:Nature Serve:
905:
900:
890:Quercus pagoda
880:
842:
841:
830:Quercus pagoda
819:
798:Quercus pagoda
775:
766:The Plant List
750:Quercus pagoda
739:
705:Quercus pagoda
692:
691:
689:
686:
676:
673:
641:
638:
634:common grackle
601:
598:
558:
555:
538:
535:
437:
434:
417:cherrybark oak
412:Quercus pagoda
406:
405:
403:
402:
400:(Elliott) Ashe
390:
378:
376:(Elliott) Ashe
370:
368:(Elliott) Ashe
362:
353:Quercus pagoda
350:
341:Quercus pagoda
338:
329:Quercus pagoda
326:
318:
306:
294:
282:
270:
269:
268:
265:
264:
258:
257:
253:
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244:
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233:Quercus pagoda
227:
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220:
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215:Q. pagoda
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393:Quercus rubra
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381:Quercus rubra
379:
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366:
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333:cocciniifolia
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224:Binomial name
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55:Least Concern
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917:
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889:
863:
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764:– via
755:
749:
742:
730:. Retrieved
716:
710:
704:
696:
678:
670:
665:
661:
655:
651:
647:
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610:fox squirrel
603:
595:
573:but rare in
560:
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460:black cherry
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93:
18:
1132:NatureServe
1067:iNaturalist
967:Wikispecies
732:20 November
640:Cultivation
622:wild turkey
547:pagodafolia
436:Description
430:pagodifolia
397:pagodifolia
385:leucophylla
360:(Ashe) Ashe
357:leucophylla
324:(Ashe) Ashe
313:pagodifolia
301:pagodifolia
289:leucophylla
113:Angiosperms
1245:Categories
1176:kew-174226
1171:Plant List
884:USDA, NRCS
688:References
658:willow oak
583:New Jersey
543:Q. falcata
507:monoecious
450:water oaks
256:Range map
177:Subgenus:
1033:233501071
859:Hardwoods
752:Raf."
630:wood duck
567:Carolinas
483:pubescent
345:juvenilis
209:Species:
193:Section:
83:Kingdom:
1215:13100340
1210:Tropicos
1137:2.128350
1098:10250974
1085:296550-1
958:Q4112844
952:Wikidata
886:(n.d.).
874:(USFS),
626:blue jay
591:Oklahoma
563:disjunct
531:hypogeal
503:Flowers:
478:Foliage:
471:stellate
428:, subsp
262:Synonyms
198:Quercus
182:Quercus
159:Fagaceae
155:Family:
126:Eudicots
60:IUCN 3.1
1256:Quercus
1163:3930946
1150:2004445
1046:2881680
1020:1151387
645:soils.
618:raccoon
600:Ecology
579:Florida
575:Georgia
524:⁄
517:Acorns:
511:catkins
311:subsp.
304:Elliott
280:Riddell
202:Lobatae
186:Quercus
170:Quercus
165:Genus:
149:Fagales
145:Order:
87:Plantae
58: (
1184:PLANTS
1124:194214
1111:195195
1072:121690
1059:411391
981:AoFP:
632:, and
497:Twigs:
446:willow
415:, the
139:Rosids
1189:QUPA5
1093:IRMNG
1007:4R5QG
991:APA:
681:water
587:Texas
545:var.
456:Bark:
441:Size:
395:var.
383:var.
355:var.
348:Trel.
336:Trel.
299:var.
287:var.
200:sect.
184:subg.
133:Clade
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
1197:POWO
1145:NCBI
1119:IUCN
1106:ITIS
1080:IPNI
1054:GRIN
1041:GBIF
994:2176
984:3799
734:2021
717:2017
675:Uses
608:and
606:gray
589:and
577:and
448:and
388:Ashe
271:List
240:Raf.
1223:WFO
1028:FNA
1015:EoL
1002:CoL
721:doi
636:).
343:f.
331:f.
1247::
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832:"
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796:"
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736:.
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703:"
660:(
526:2
522:1
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
