356:. Historically, all Qalandar were once nomadic, but many are now settled. In 1972, bear hunting and capture were declared illegal in India, and there has been persistent effort by the Indian government to clamp down on bear performing. In addition, the traditional occupation of bear fighting has received much criticism from animal rights activists in the West and has been banned in India. Many Qalandar have become farmers, though their holdings are small, and many are sharecroppers. A much larger group of Qalandars are daily wage labourers, and they exist as a marginalized community, both socially and economically.
43:
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Why
Bulbuls bark: conflict, continuity, and identity among professional strangers / Joseph C. Berland pages 235 to 255 in Customary strangers: new perspectives on peripatetic peoples in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia / edited by Joseph C. Berland and Aparna Rao. Westport, Conn. : Praeger,
391:
Unlike their Indian counterparts, the
Pakistan Qalandar are still nomadic, with most involved in their traditional occupations of entertainment routines involving trained bears, monkeys, dogs, and goats. In addition, they are often jugglers, acrobats, magicians, impersonators, and beggars. The
506:
Why
Bulbuls bark: conflict, continuity, and identity among professional strangers / Joseph C. Berland pages 235 to 255 in Customary strangers: new perspectives on peripatetic peoples in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia / edited by Joseph C. Berland and Aparna Rao. Westport, Conn.: Praeger,
303:
Qalandar, who moved east, the
Qalandar of what became Pakistan began a slow migration westward, with small groups arriving in Punjab by the mid-15th century. At the time of the
408:. The Qalandar are an extremely marginalized group, suffering from discrimination, and often victims of abuse by state officials such as the police or municipal staff.
332:, some Qalandar began leading bears, monkeys, and other performing animals with which they wandered, announcing their presence with an hourglass-shaped drum called a
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in
Disappearing peoples?: indigenous groups and ethnic minorities in South and Central Asia / edited by Barbara A. Brower, Barbara Rose Johnston pages 53 to 72
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and began a sedentary life while continuing to hold their traditional mystic religious beliefs. Some of them became connected to different
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are related to each other. Marriages are formed with close kin, and the
Qalandar practice both
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in The last wanderers: nomads and gypsies of India by
Tejinder Singh Randhawa page 166
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Qalandar travel from community to community, setting up camp in
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ethnic group and then sold to the
Qalandar in markets in
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fields. In
Pakistan, bears are trapped by members of the
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The basic unit of the Qalandar society is the tent, or
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67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
469:Peripatetic peoples and Lifestyles by Aparna Rao
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27:Muslim ethnic group in north India and Pakistan
275:In Pakistan, the Qalandar are found mainly in
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127:Learn how and when to remove this message
1514:Vattakkolis (the Bhatkalis) or Navayats
434:
263:. A few Qalandar are also found in the
259:and Pakistan. They are also known as
7:
150:Regions with significant populations
65:adding citations to reliable sources
2541:Muslim communities of Uttar Pradesh
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25:
386:cross-cousin and parallel-cousin
307:in 1947, the Muslim Qalandar of
41:
380:, or camp. Most members of the
52:needs additional citations for
1:
311:, which included Panipat and
2536:Muslim communities of Nepal
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368:. Each puki represents a
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32:Qalandar (disambiguation)
348:in Bihar, especially in
2384:Shaikh of Uttar Pradesh
2379:Sayyid of Uttar Pradesh
2012:Bhale Sultan Khanzada
1555:Bohras (Daudi Bohras)
1509:Tangals (the Sayyids)
319:Present circumstances
202:Related ethnic groups
76:"Qalandar" caste
1855:Shaikhs of Rajasthan
293:Bu Ali Shah Qalandar
61:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
271:History and origins
146:
1546:Dakhnis or Pathans
1358:Shaikhs of Gujarat
305:partition of India
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1957:Bachgoti Khanzada
1368:Sayyid of Gujarat
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267:region of Nepal.
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301:Uttar Pradesh
299:. Unlike the
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78: –
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72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
2293:
1323:Patani Bohra
1263:Meta Qureshi
1065:Alavi Bohras
883:Alavi Bohras
878:Goan Muslims
502:
487:
483:
468:
390:
381:
377:
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365:
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350:Bihar Sharif
333:
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260:
253:ethnic group
232:
230:
141:Ethnic group
138:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
2422:West Bengal
1992:Banu Israil
1787:Hela Mehtar
1661:Chhaparband
1628:Maharashtra
1446:Chhaparband
1393:Sunni Bohra
1328:Patni Jamat
554:communities
388:marriages.
360:In Pakistan
330:North India
309:east Punjab
257:North India
2525:Categories
2394:Shaikhzada
2274:Panchpiria
2249:Muley Jats
2007:Bharbhunja
1885:Tamil Nadu
1726:Tadvi Bhil
1408:Vora Patel
1403:Turk Jamat
1175:Halaypotra
1130:Chundrigar
1110:Bharbhunja
646:Hyderabadi
513:0897897714
477:1598741209
453:0897897714
429:References
406:Rawalpindi
216:Jogi Faqir
87:newspapers
2314:Rai Bhatt
2289:Putliwale
2200:Mandarkia
2176:Kingharia
2141:Kamangars
2108:Halalkhor
1972:Bandhmati
1915:(Pathans)
1870:Singiwala
1840:Qaimkhani
1817:Manganiar
1749:Anderkoti
1736:Rajasthan
1721:Saiqalgar
1550:Ravuthars
1527:Marakkars
1423:Karnataka
1273:Molesalam
1215:Khaskheli
1145:Dhuldhoya
1080:Attarwala
971:Mirshikar
423:Mirshikar
398:Kohistani
370:commensal
255:found in
169:Languages
2399:Siddiqui
2294:Qalandar
2279:Pankhiya
2186:Lal Begi
2161:Khanzada
2022:Bhatiara
1952:Atishbaz
1919:Nawayath
1908:Marakkar
1807:Khanzada
1792:Hiranbaz
1773:Deshwali
1499:Pusalans
1494:Mappilas
1461:Nawayath
1363:Shaikhda
1253:Mansoori
1225:Machiyar
1180:Hingorja
1150:Doodwala
1037:Thakurai
951:Lal Begi
946:Kulhaiya
941:Khanzada
921:Churihar
833:Nawayath
823:Gujarati
798:Assamese
791:Minority
687:Kashmiri
682:Khanzada
617:Bhatiara
560:Majority
488:Qalandar
412:See also
402:Peshawar
376:forms a
324:In India
233:Qalandar
192:Religion
161:Pakistan
145:Qalandar
117:May 2024
2500:Sapuria
2374:Salmani
2349:Rohilla
2339:Rangrez
2334:Ramaiya
2284:Pathans
2259:Nalband
2234:Mujavir
2209:Manihar
2204:Malkana
2131:Kabaria
2074:Fareedi
2045:Dakhini
2027:Bhishti
1977:Banjara
1962:Baghban
1898:Kayalar
1893:Rowther
1860:Silawat
1845:Rangrez
1835:Pinjara
1797:Kandera
1759:Cheetah
1686:Gavandi
1646:Bhishti
1641:Baghban
1608:Pathans
1583:Banjara
1542:Nainars
1519:Labbais
1466:Pinjara
1431:Baghban
1413:Vyapari
1353:Sanghar
1333:Pathans
1288:Multani
1243:Makwana
1238:Mandali
1230:Makrani
1210:Khalifa
1185:Hingora
1165:Ghanchi
1160:Galiara
1125:Chunara
1115:Bhishti
1105:Bhadala
1095:Banjara
1052:Gujarat
1000:Pathans
956:Malkana
916:Chamail
858:Punjabi
843:Marwari
838:Marathi
828:Konkani
803:Bengali
767:Salmani
752:Rangrez
732:Purigpa
712:Rowther
707:Mappila
702:Manihar
697:Malkana
622:Bhishti
597:Baghban
354:Danapur
346:khanqah
297:Panipat
285:Bukhara
241:क़लन्दर
101:scholar
2510:Shamsi
2490:Nashya
2475:Khotta
2344:Rayeen
2309:Qidwai
2299:Qassab
2269:Naqqal
2264:Nanbai
2229:Mughal
2224:Mirasi
2196:Madari
2181:Kunjra
2171:Khumra
2151:Kasgar
2146:Kamboh
2127:Jhojha
2118:Idrisi
2113:Halwai
2098:Goriya
2060:Dharhi
2050:Dafali
2035:Bisati
1987:Behlim
1982:Barhai
1967:Baluch
1947:Ansari
1903:Labbay
1875:Sorgar
1830:Mughal
1812:Langha
1802:Khadem
1764:Chadwa
1754:Chhipa
1744:Ansari
1716:Qassab
1691:Kachar
1681:Garodi
1671:Dhawad
1656:Chhipa
1651:Chaush
1618:Sayyid
1613:Shaikh
1598:Mughal
1578:Ansari
1573:Chhipa
1504:Ossans
1486:Kerala
1476:Assadi
1441:Chaush
1383:Soomra
1378:Sipahi
1338:Salaat
1318:Parmar
1303:Nagori
1283:Mughal
1268:Miyana
1190:Juneja
1120:Chhipa
1100:Behlim
1090:Baloch
1070:Ansari
1019:Sayyid
1014:Sapera
1004:Rayeen
976:Mughal
966:Mirasi
936:Idrisi
911:Bisati
906:Ansari
893:Bihari
873:Labbay
868:Telugu
848:Meitei
762:Sayyid
757:Shaikh
737:Qassab
727:Pathan
722:Mughal
692:Kunjra
667:Gurjar
637:Chaush
632:Chhipa
627:Bisati
587:Ansari
582:Arghon
511:
494:
475:
451:
394:fallow
342:Bengal
340:, and
313:Karnal
291:saint
277:Punjab
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
2495:Patua
2485:Malla
2480:Lodha
2460:Kahar
2450:Ghosi
2445:Faqir
2440:Bedia
2430:Abdal
2324:Garha
2239:Muker
2219:Milki
2093:Ghosi
2083:Gaddi
2078:Faqir
2070:Dogar
2055:Dhagi
2002:Bhand
1997:Behna
1821:Merat
1782:Ghosi
1777:Gaddi
1706:Momin
1696:Kagzi
1676:Faqir
1636:Attar
1593:Dhobi
1537:Koyas
1532:Keyis
1523:Nahas
1471:Siddi
1436:Beary
1373:Siddi
1343:Samma
1313:Panar
1298:Mutwa
1278:Momna
1258:Memon
1248:Manka
1220:Khoja
1200:Kagzi
1195:Kadia
1155:Faqir
1140:Dhobi
1085:Bafan
1075:Arabs
1060:Abdal
981:Muker
931:Gaddi
901:Abdal
863:Tamil
818:Gondi
813:Dogra
808:Bhili
772:Siddi
747:Garha
662:Ghosi
657:Dhobi
612:Beary
607:Behna
602:Balti
577:Arain
507:2004.
447:2004.
338:Bihar
334:damru
281:Balkh
265:Terai
249:قلندر
237:Hindi
197:Islam
183:Hindi
158:India
108:JSTOR
94:books
2470:Kela
2408:Turk
2040:Chik
1942:Alvi
1850:Rath
1308:Node
1042:Teli
991:Pasi
926:Chik
853:Odia
777:Teli
652:Dard
592:Awan
572:Arab
567:Alvi
509:ISBN
492:ISBN
473:ISBN
449:ISBN
418:Jogi
404:and
382:dera
378:dera
374:puki
366:puki
352:and
289:Sufi
283:and
245:Urdu
231:The
211:Jogi
178:Urdu
80:news
2465:Kan
2369:Sai
2319:Raj
2214:Meo
1825:Meo
1398:Tai
1205:Ker
1009:Sai
996:Nat
717:Meo
677:Jat
328:In
295:of
221:Sai
63:by
2527::
459:^
437:^
247::
243:,
239::
648:)
644:(
544:e
537:t
530:v
235:(
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
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