1103:
531:, left home when Ruđer was 3 to become a scholar and a Jesuit priest in Rome. He also wrote verse in both Latin and "Illyrian" (the Renaissance era name for Serbo-Croatian), but eventually burnt some of his manuscripts out of a scrupulous modesty. Another brother, Ivan (Đivo) Bošković, became a Dominican in a sixteenth-century monastery in Dubrovnik, whose church Ruđer knew as a child with its rich treasures and paintings by Titian and Vasari, still there today. Another brother, Petar (Pero) Bošković, six years his senior, became a poet like his grandfather. He was schooled by the Jesuits, then served as an official of the Republic and made his reputation as a translator of Ovid, Corneille's Cid, and of Molière. A volume of his religious verse,
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1270:
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876:
861:
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1239:(1758) he says: "Regarding the nature of the Divine Creator, my theory is extraordinarily illuminating, and the result from it is a necessity to recognize Him. ... Therefore vain dreams of those who believe that the world was created by accident, or that it could be built as a fatal necessity, or that it was there for eternity lining itself along his own necessary laws are completely eliminated."
3359:
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45:
785:
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846:
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170:
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754:. A French translation appeared in 1770 which incorporated, as an appendix, some material first published in 1760 outlining an objective procedure for determining suitable values for the parameters of the fitted model from a greater number of observations. An unconstrained variant of this fitting procedure is now known as the L1-norm or
3347:
487:. The name Ruđer/Ruggiero may have been given to him because both his maternal great-grandfather, Agostino Bettera, and his mother's brother were called Ruggiero; his godfather was his uncle, Ruggiero Bettera. He was the seventh child of the family and the second youngest. His father was born in the village of
554:, famous for its education of youth and at that time having some 800 establishments and 200,000 pupils under its care throughout the world. We learn nothing from Bošković himself until the time he entered the novitiate in 1731, but it was the usual practice for novices to spend the first two years not in the
1179:
Bošković applied himself to practical engineering projects, including several discussions of architectural repair or stability, including repairs to St Peter's Dome, the stability of the Duomo of Milan, repairs to the library of
Cesarea di Vienna, and a report on the damage to sectors of Rome in June
1409:
Italian sources claim that
Boscovich was remembered as an Italian. According to Italian sources, he was born in a city with mixed cultures, Croatian and Italian, and the higher social strata of Dubrovnik were under Italian influence (Roman-Dalmatian influence). His mother's family came from Italy,
1361:
concepts such as language, culture, religion, custom, etc., was developed only in the 19th century. For this reason the attribution of a definite "nationality" to personalities of the previous centuries, living in ethnically mixed regions, is often indeterminable; Bošković's legacy is consequently
573:
He was especially appropriate for this post due to his acquaintance with recent advances in science, and his skill in a classical severity of demonstration, acquired by a thorough study of the works of the Greek geometers. Several years before this appointment he had made a name for himself with a
510:
bandits while celebrating Mass in 1692. While his father, Nikola, had once been a prolific trader who traveled through the
Ottoman Empire, Ruđer only knew him as a bedridden invalid; he died when his son was 10 years old. Boscovich's mother Paola, nicknamed "Pavica", was a member of a cultivated
1030:
Deprived of his post by the intrigues of his associates, he was about to retire to
Dubrovnik when in 1773, the news of the suppression of his order in Italy reached him. Uncertainty led him to accept an invitation from the King of France to come to Paris where he was appointed director of
1044:
He naturalised in France and stayed for ten years, but his position became irksome, and at length intolerable. He, however, continued to work in the pursuit of scientific knowledge and published many remarkable works. Among them was an elegant solution to the problem of determining the
1410:
and his life and career had strong
Italian influences. He moved to Italy at age 14, where he spent most of his life. In some encyclopedias, he is described as an Italian scientist. He used the Italian language in private, including in correspondence with his brother Baro, and
523:(1714–1804), two years his junior. His eldest sister, Mare Bošković, nineteen years his senior, was the only member of the family to marry. His second sister, Marija Bošković, became a nun in the Ragusa Convent of St Catherine. His eldest brother, Božo Bošković (Boško, called
1094:, he went to Brera in 1786 and resumed his work. At that time his health was failing, his reputation was on the wane, his works did not sell, and he gradually fell prey to illness and disappointment. He died in Milan and was buried in the church of St. Maria Podone.
518:
Paola
Bettera Bošković left nothing in writing but her sister wrote poetry in Italian. Ruđer's cousins and playmates, Antun Bošković and Franjo Bošković, grew up into good Latinists. His brothers and sisters were all older than himself, except his sister
2514:
Neki srpski autori priznaju da je Bošković Hrvat. Tako je povodom 200-te obljetnice Boškovićeve smrti (1987) „Jugomarka" iz
Beograda izdala poštansku markicu i razglednicu na poleđini koje izričito piše da je Bošković „najveći hrvatski naučnik svoga
586:
Notwithstanding the arduous duties of his professorship, he found time for investigation in various fields of physical science, and he published a very large number of dissertations, some of them of considerable length. Among the subjects were the
1444:
called him "an
Italian mathematician", he shot back that he was "a Dalmatian from Dubrovnik, and not an Italian". However, he added that he had been living in Italy for a long time since his first youth, so "he can in some way be called Italian".
661:
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Bošković, Ruđer (1743) Riflessioni de' Padri
Tommaso Le Seur, Francesco Jacquier de el' Ordine de' Minimi, e Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich della Compagnia di Gesù Sopra alcune difficoltà spettanti i danni, e Risarcimenti della Cupola Di S.
913:
in 1760, to convince the
British that nothing of the sort had occurred and provide proof of Ragusa's neutrality. This mission proved to be a complete success – a credit to him and a delight to his countrymen. During his stay in
1144:
is a necessary assumption for determinism, and he presented it in strict mathematical form. In short, Boskovich's determinism is more physical, while Laplace's determinism is more metaphysical, placing it in harmony with
845:
1562:
Riflessioni de' Padri Tommaso Le Seur, Francesco Jacquier de el' Ordine de' Minimi, e Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich della Compagnia di Gesù Sopra alcune difficoltà spettanti i danni, e Risarcimenti della Cupola Di S.
3253:
Williams, L. Pearce. "Boscovich, Mako, Davy and Faraday." In R.J. Boscovich; Vita E Attivita Scientifica; His Life and Scientific Work, ed. Piers Bursill-Hall, 587–600. Roma: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana,
2891:
1565:(1743) (Reflections of Fathers Tommaso Le Seur, Francis Jacquier of the Order of Minimi, and Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich of the Society of Jesus on problems due to damage, and repair of, the dome of St. Peter's)
1102:
3308:
Edizione Nazionale delle Opere di Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich (Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze – Hrvatska Akademija Znanosti i Umjetnosti – INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera – Pontificia Università
2968:
Nous observerons ici en premier lieu que norre Auteur est Dalmate et de Raguse, non-Italien... vu le long séjour qu'il a fait en Italie depuis sa premiere jeunesse, on peut in quelque sorte le dire Italien
1453:
Boscovich published eight scientific dissertations prior to his 1744 ordination as a priest and appointment as a professor and another 14 afterwards. The following is a partial list of his publications:
547:. During his early studies, Boscovich showed a distinct propensity for further intellectual development. He gained a reputation at school for having an easy memory and a quick, deep mind.
3550:
1183:
Bošković was also consulted on civil works concerning ports and rivers: Ivica Martinovic has shown the extent to which Bošković applied himself to such works, and lists 13 major works:
804:. The ordinate is force, with positive values being repulsive, and the abscissa is radial distance. Newton's gravitational attractive force is clearly seen at the far right of figure 1.
2650:
Bošković's published letters and correspondence can be found in the Work of Yugoslav Academy of Arts and Sciences, number 185, year 1911 (of special interest are pages 345 and 377).
1566:
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2014:"Tko je zapravo Ruđer Bošković?" {Bošković i njegova obitelj Obitelj mu s očeve strane potječe iz Hercegovine, ţupe Ravno u Popovu polju, iz katoličkog sela Orahova Dola.} (2011)
1027:. Bošković had many enemies and he was driven to frequent changes of residence. About 1777, he returned to Milan, where he continued to teach and direct the Brera observatory.
968:), at least in 1757, 1758, and 1763, and made contact with the Jesuits and the Franciscan friars in the town. The Jesuits incorporated his teachings into their lectures at the
2803:
538:
At the age of 8 or 9, after acquiring the rudiments of reading and writing from Father Nicola Nicchei of the Church of St Nicholas, Ruđer was sent for schooling to the local
527:
by Roger in private correspondence), thirteen years older, joined the service of the Ragusa Republic. Another brother, Bartolomej Bošković, born in 1700 and educated at the
1168:
In addition to the works already mentioned Bošković published course material he had prepared for his pupils in mathematics. He also published accounts of his travels from
3585:
2566:
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1065:
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Bošković, Ruđer (1784) Giornale di un viaggio da Constantinopoli in Polonia dell'abate Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich, con una sua relazione delle rovine di Troia
2281:
Bošković, Ruđer (1762) Giornale di un viaggio da Constantinopoli in Polonia dell'abate Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich, con una sua relazione delle rovine di Troia
1217:
expert opinion on the mouth of the River Adige as compared with the proposals by Antonio Lorgna and Simun Stratik for the improvement of the river bed (1773);
3555:
290:
1324:
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Kargon, Robert. "William Rowan Hamilton, Michael Faraday, and the Revival of Boscovichean Atomism." American Journal of Physics 32, no. 10 (1964): 792–795.
3038:
3570:
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1129:) knew the precise location and momentum of every particle in the universe, he could in principle calculate the history and future of every particle.
3092:(Serbian, with English summary, Bošković works in original, and translations into English and Serbian). Pittsburgh: Helios Publishing Company, 2006,
1338:
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1620:(1749) (On determining the orbits of a planet by the aid of catoptrics/reflections from given force speed and direction of motion in a given point)
31:
2458:
Ruđer Bošković (Boscovich) und sein Modell der Materie: zur 250. Wiederkehr des Jahres der Erstveröffentlichung der Philosophiae Naturalis Theoria
1558:(1743) (On the motion of attracted body at an immobile centre by forces decreasing by the duplicate reciprocal proportion in non-resisting spaces)
1380:
A number of sources state that he referred to his Croatian identity. In writings to his sister Anica (Anna), he told her he had not forgotten the
62:
2705:
1902:
875:
3370:
3135:
Katritsky, Linde. "Coleridge's Links with Leading Men of Science." Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 49, no. 2 (1995): 261–276.
860:
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and a third again in Vienna in 1764. In 1922, it was published in London, and in 1966, in the United States. Another edition was published in
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1956:
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De motu corporis attracti in centrum immobile viribus decrescentibus in ratione distantiarum reciproca duplicata in spatiis non-resistentibus
1274:
2870:
2063:
3525:
2788:…огранака братства Бошковића у Орахов До и околицу Стоца, што је утврђено, као што смо видјели, на основу тамошњег предања и других извора.
2087:
1418:
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Boscovich's Distinction between the Potential and the Actual Space from the Standpoint of Modern Search for the Union of Mind and Nature.
718:
Bošković visited his hometown only once, in 1747, never to return. He agreed to take part in the Portuguese expedition for the survey of
3565:
1759:(Journal of a voyage from Constantinople to Poland of Abbot Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich, together with his report of the ruins of Troy)
934:
2074:
1808:
1788:
1307:– was named after him for his contributions to astronomy. The largest Croatian institute of natural sciences and technology, based in
109:
3500:
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2439:
2159:
1932:
128:
1312:
81:
1650:(1754) (A dissertation on the law of continuity and its consequences pertaining to the first elements of matter and of its powers)
746:. The operation began at the end of 1750, and was completed in about two years. An account was published in 1755, under the name
1674:(1756) (On the inequalities which Saturn and Jupiter seem to induce between themselves particularly around times of conjunction)
2585:
2359:
Ivica Martinović (2000) "Ruđer Bošković's Expert Analyses in Hydraulic Engineering:An Unexamined Dimension of Bošković's Work"
1847:
707:. Stripping atoms of their matter, impenetrability is disassociated from hardness and then put in an arbitrary relationship to
1626:(1749; Latin translation 1766) (Upon the whirlwind that on the night between 11 and 12 June 1749 damaged a large part of Rome)
1193:
plan for the drainage of the Pontine Marshes, including the evaluation of an earlier project by Manfredi and Bertaglia (1764);
699:-points. He developed a concept of "impenetrability" as a property of hard bodies which explained their behaviour in terms of
88:
3515:
3485:
3132:
Kargon, Robert. "William Rowan Hamilton and Boscovichean Atomism." Journal of the History of Ideas 26, no. 1 (1965): 137–140.
1748:(1782) (comments on the report of Signor Abbot Ximenes concerning the project for the Nuovo Ozzeri drainage channel in Lucca)
1005:
66:
2660:
2336:
Bošković, Ruđer (1763) Scrittura sulli danni osservati nell' edificio della Biblioteca Cesarea di Vienna, e loro riparazione
511:
Italian merchant family established in Dubrovnik in the early 17th century, when her ancestor, Pietro Bettera, settled from
2734:
550:
On 16 September 1725, Ruđer Bošković left Dubrovnik for Rome. He was in the care of two Jesuit priests who took him to the
3191:
Scott, Wilson L. "The Significance Of "Hard Bodies" In the History of Scientific Thought." Isis 50, no. 3 (1959): 199–210.
2345:
Bošković, Ruđer (1749) Sopra il Turbine che la notte tra gli XI e XII giugno del MDCCXLIX danneggio una gran parte di Roma
1860:
762:
1752:
1729:
1574:(1744) (A new method for using observations of phases in lunar eclipses for cultivating geometry and advancing astronomy)
1572:
Nova methodus adhibendi phasium observationes in eclipsibus lunaribus ad exercendam geometriam et promovendam astronomiam
1363:
1334:
made a postage stamp and postcard on which is written that Boskovich was "the greatest Croatian scientist of his time".
1235:
Bošković was a Roman Catholic priest, and in expressing his religious views was straightforward. In his most famous book
570:; and so quick was his progress in these sciences that in 1740 he was appointed professor of mathematics in the college.
3520:
3510:
1422:
95:
3575:
1577:
1190:
the Ozzeri project, spurred by a bitter controversy on the floods in the border area between Lucca and Tuscany (1756);
919:
3126:
Justin, Rodriguez. "Scientific Revolution Atomic Projects." Stevens Journal of Oral Traditions, no. 1 (200?): xlv–xc.
559:
3241:
Roger Joseph Boscovich, S.J., F.R.S., 1711–1787: Studies of His Life and Work on the 250th Anniversary of His Birth.
2845:
2363:
Pozaić, Valentin (ed). – Zagreb : Institute of philosophy and theology SJ and Croatian historical, 2000. 65–87.
442:
of a planet from three observations of its position. In 1753 he also discovered the absence of an atmosphere on the
3595:
3590:
3337:
1976:
1746:
Riflessioni sulla relazione del Sig. Abate Ximenes appartenente al Progetto di un nuovo Ozzeri nello Stato Lucchese
1126:
950:
77:
2921:
2911:
1429:. A number of sources claim that Boscovich is a Serbian scientist or state that he is of Serbian paternal origin.
1208:
official report on the damage to the port of Savona, the underlying causes and the possibilities of repair (1771);
1132:
While Laplace's version of determinism is based on general terms, Boscovich's uses physical terms, like position,
748:
De Litteraria expeditione per pontificiam ditionem ad dimetiendos duos meridiani gradus a PP. Maire et Boscovicli.
3505:
1813:
1076:): this learned society gathered forty members representing the most important Italian scientists of the period.
755:
2826:
Scottish Philosophy and British Physics, 1740-1870: A Study in the Foundations of the Victorian Scientific Style
1023:
in 1769 again, but this was prevented by the recent decree of the Spanish government expelling Jesuits from its
792:
from 1763. Figure 1 is the force curve which received so much attention from later natural philosophers such as
657:, Rome, in which a crack had been discovered. His suggestion of placing five concentric iron bands was adopted.
3490:
3196:
1672:
De inaequalitatibus quas Saturnus et Jupiter sibi mutuo videntur inducere praesertim circa tempus conjunctionis
696:
3154:
R. J. Boscovich's Achievement in Natural Philosophy in Relation to the Development of Modern Particle Physics.
1648:
De continuitatis lege et eius consectariis pertinentibus ad prima materiae elementa eorumque vires dissertatio
515:
in northern Italy. She was described as a robust and active woman with a happy temperament who lived to 103.
3102:
Feingold, Mordechai. "A Jesuit among Protestants: Boscovich in England c. 1745 – 1820." In R.J. Boscovich;
1618:
De determinanda orbita planetae ope catoptricae ex datis vi celeritate & directione motus in dato puncto
1292:. In general, Boscovich's ideas were a large influence on Nietzsche's ideas of force and the will to power.
1254:
1187:
assessment of damage to the timber jetties in the Fiumicino, the navigable branch of the River Tiber (1751);
969:
654:
372:
55:
2308:
Bošković, Ruđer (1742) Parere di tre Matematici sopra i danni che si sono trovati nella Cupola di S. Pietro
1695:(1763) (Writing on the damage observed in the building of the Library of Caesarea Vienna, and their repair)
1403:
643:
500:
3293:
Latin as a literary language among the Croats by Branko Franolić – contains information on Ruđer Bošković
3273:
2027:
1269:
1220:
instructions for the establishment of a team responsible for the drainage of the Pontine Marshes (1774);
1153:
766:
3382:
1330:
In 1987, on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of Boscovich death, the Yugoslav state Post based in
1012:
met him; since Burney's Italian was not very good at that time, Boscovich obliged him speaking French.
472:
2069:, Edizione Nazionale delle Opere e della Corrispondenza di Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich, Milan (2009);
1024:
3480:
3475:
3287:
2230:
1693:
Scrittura sulli danni osservati nell' edificio della Biblioteca Cesarea di Vienna, e loro riparazione
1354:
1258:
751:
708:
520:
3324:
2708:
Edizione Nazionale delle opere e della corrispondenza di Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich. Corrispondenza
1898:
1425:, According to one source, branches of the brotherhood are said to have settled the surroundings of
1288:
In 1873, Nietzsche wrote a fragment called 'Time Atom Theory', which was a reworking of Boscovich's
102:
3447:
3113:, Journal of Croatian Studies Vol. 43, 2002 Croatian Academy of America, New York US ISSN 0075-4218
1818:
1624:
Sopra il Turbine che la notte tra gli XI e XII giugno del MDCCXLIX danneggio una gran parte di Roma
1054:
997:
965:
639:
632:
596:
543:
528:
339:
2963:
1196:
analysis of the causes of damage to the port of Rimini, accompanied by reparation measures (1764);
578:'s equator and determining the period of its rotation by observation of the spots on its surface.
3435:
3387:
3330:
2000:
1793:
1304:
1118:
1080:
985:
890:
758:
procedure and serves as a robust alternative to the familiar L2-norm or Least Squares procedure.
588:
468:
464:
412:
324:
254:
205:
3069:
Statistical Physics and the Atomic Theory of Matter: From Boyle and Newton to Landau and Onsager
2851:
2381:
Pavle Knezović -Ruđer Bošković's songs on Virgin Mary, Obnovljeni život, Vol.50 No.5 Rujan 1995.
1114:
988:
educated their students in Vienna about the ideas of Bošković and in the spirit of his thought.
2847:
Science Deified & Science Defied: The Historical Significance of Science in Western Culture
1552:(1742) (On the opinion of three mathematicians concerning the damage to the dome of St Peter's)
3318:
3313:
3205:
3117:
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2435:
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2184:
2155:
2130:
2070:
2039:
1952:
1928:
1803:
1798:
1381:
1296:
1157:
973:
770:
735:
688:
650:
636:
615:, the limits of certainty in astronomical observations, the solid of greatest attraction, the
555:
360:
335:
280:
3307:
3062:
The Kind of Motion We Call Heat: A History of the Kinetic Theory of Gases in the 19th Century
2993:
2483:
2013:
1384:. In a letter to his brother from 1757, he describes the encounter with Croatian soldiers in
773:
with respect to the drainage of a lake. As an agent of Lucca, Bošković was sent, in 1757, to
734:), but was persuaded by the Pope to stay in Italy and to undertake a similar task there with
3411:
3351:
2780:Шћепановић, Слободан (1995). "О поријеклу породице и коријенима породице Руђера Бошковића".
2238:
1020:
946:
926:
793:
551:
377:
355:
175:
156:
3204:. Zagreb: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration of the Republic of Croatia.
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3283:
1906:
1367:
1243:
1058:
902:
801:
723:
592:
404:
264:
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Opuscules mathématiques ou Mémoires sur différens sujets de géométrie, de méchanique, etc
2395:
1681:
1395:
1152:
Knowing with complete accuracy both the location and velocity of a particle violates the
2957:
2234:
2127:
Anali Zavoda Za Povijesne Znanosti Hrvatske Akademije Znanosti i Umjetnosti U Dubrovniku
929:
across the Sun. Under the influence of the Royal Society, Bošković decided to travel to
3459:
3375:
3363:
2761:
2327:
Bošković, Ruđer (1765) Sentimento sulla solidità della nuova Guglia del Duomo di Milano
1169:
1137:
1009:
977:
972:. His physics became the foundation of physical lectures as well in other parts of the
930:
778:
620:
496:
385:
235:
853:"Theoria philosophiae naturalis, redacta ad unicam legem virium in natura existentium"
818:
Theory of Natural philosophy derived to the single Law of forces which exist in Nature
777:
and succeeded in bringing about a satisfactory arrangement in the matter. Here he met
415:. He studied and lived in Italy and France where he also published many of his works.
17:
3469:
3029:
3024:
2218:
1823:
1437:
1242:
Bošković also composed poetry with many religious and astronomical allusions. In his
1016:
821:
419:
275:
159:
3140:
Roger Boscovich and the Quantum Mechanical Combination of Dynamic and Statical Laws.
3106:, ed. Piers Bursill-Hall, 511–526. Roma: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, 1993.
1550:
Parere di tre Matematici sopra i danni che si sono trovati nella Cupola di S. Pietro
1223:
comments on Ximenes's project for the Nuovo Ozzeri drainage channel in Lucca (1781).
1202:
scientific letter on the principles of hydrodynamics in Lecchi's Idrostatica (1765);
3454:
3423:
3297:
3268:
2590:
1971:
1707:(1765) (Sentiments concerning the soundness of the new Spire of the Duomo of Milan)
1290:
Theoria Philosophiae Naturalis redacta ad unicam legem virium in natura existentium
1037:
797:
731:
684:
147:
3302:
3064:. Vol. 6 Studies in Statistical Mechanics. New York: North-Holland Pub. Co., 1976.
2893:
The Infinite Tortoise: The Curious Thought Experiments of History's Great Thinkers
2205:, from the site of the Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL (in italian)
2201:
814:
Philosophiæ naturalis theoria redacta ad unicam legem virium in natura existentium
2983:(Parallel text in Croatian and English). Zagreb: Školska Knjiga, 1987, pp. 51–52.
2940:
2781:
2606:
2456:
2431:
Nietzsche, Epistemology, and Philosophy of Science: Nietzsche and the Sciences II
2429:
2149:
1922:
3292:
3188:. Almagest. International Journal for the History of Science 6, 1 (2015): 32–47.
2738:
2242:
1247:
1122:
1091:
1001:
984:, prominent physicists of the period. Both Vega and the Rationalist philosopher
898:
608:
604:
600:
563:
435:
320:
44:
3394:
3156:
Almagest. International Journal for the History of Science 6, 1 (2015): 80–103.
3071:
Princeton Series in Physics. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1983.
2123:"The Contribution of Karl Scherffer in Spreading Bošković's Scientific Results"
1993:
1227:
Martinovic's paper includes an extensive annotated bibliography on such works.
784:
3236:
Almagest. International Journal for the History of Science 6, 1 (2015): 48–63.
3229:
Almagest. International Journal for the History of Science 6, 1 (2015): 22–31.
3142:
Almagest. International Journal for the History of Science 6, 1 (2015): 64–79.
1540:(1742) (On astronomical observations and the certitude which pertains to them)
1374:
1370:
1257:, whose cupola he saved from ruin, he worked as a confessor administering the
981:
906:
692:
673:
397:
169:
3278:
3264:
3167:
Almagest. International Journal for the History of Science 6, 1 (2015): 8–21.
2544:
2502:
2188:
2134:
2043:
1771:(1771) (On the damage to the port of Savona, it causes and possible repairs)
957:
712:
660:
612:
488:
460:
423:
393:
316:
201:
3174:; Selected Scientific Correspondence. Cambridge, : M.I.T. Press, 1966.
2567:"Dubrovnik Airport Renamed in Honour of Renowned Scientist Ruđer Bošković!"
2250:
1362:
celebrated in Croatia, Italy and Serbia. His ethnicity is also part of the
3076:
R.J. Boscovich; Vita E Attivita Scientifica; His Life and Scientific Work.
2994:"Catalogo delle opere a stampa di Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich (1711–1787)"
1585:
1492:(1739) (On the new use of the telescope for determining celestial objects)
2122:
1498:(1739) (On the arguments of the ancients for the sphericity of the earth)
1433:
1411:
1342:
1331:
1320:
1211:
expert opinion referring to the River Tidone in the Piacenza area (1771);
1133:
961:
942:
938:
905:
of the republic had been violated. Bošković was selected to undertake an
727:
408:
308:
2299:
Bošković, Ruđer (1772) Journal d'un voyage de Constantinopole en Pologne
2263:
Bošković, Ruđer (1752)Elementorum matheseos ad usum studiosae juventutis
781:
who became an influential promoter of the ideas of Bošković in Austria.
750:
The value of this work was increased by a carefully prepared map of the
715:
sense that more than one point cannot occupy the same location at once.
2913:
Bulletin of Fukuoka University of Education. Part III, Natural sciences
1282:
1146:
915:
894:
616:
567:
512:
427:
312:
211:
1315:" since 1950. The oldest astronomical society in the Balkans based in
3085:(Parallel text in Croatian and English). Zagreb: Školska Knjiga, 1987
2643:
1426:
1385:
1358:
1316:
1308:
1278:
1173:
1032:
910:
836:
832:
809:
774:
743:
739:
719:
704:
539:
476:
431:
401:
889:
Another occasion to exercise his diplomatic ability soon arose. The
3418:
2661:"Matica hrvatska – Vijenac 386 – Rugjer Bošković je naš suvremenik"
2176:
1538:
De observationibus astronomicis et quo pertingat earundem certitudo
1000:, and for six years he held this post with the directorship of the
996:
In 1764, he was called to serve as the chair of mathematics at the
3198:
Ruđer Bošković in the Diplomatic Service of the Dubrovnik Republic
3023:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1996:
Studies of his life and work on the 250th anniversary of his birth
1638:(1752) (The elements of mathematics for the use of young students)
1399:
1341:
was renamed in Boscovich's honour, while the government of nearby
1268:
1141:
1101:
1050:
1046:
1019:
of London to undertake an expedition to California to observe the
825:
783:
700:
659:
624:
507:
492:
480:
439:
241:
231:
3284:
Online guide to the Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich Papers, 1711–1787
2382:
2088:"300th birthday of Ruđer Josip Bošković (Roger Joseph Boscovich)"
1373:
enlighteners, that was one of the major problems in 20th century
1705:
Sentimento sulla solidità della nuova Guglia del Duomo di Milano
1522:(1741) (On the inequality of gravity in diverse places on earth)
653:, as to the best means of securing the stability of the dome of
628:
467:, to Paola Bettera (1674–1777), daughter of a local nobleman of
443:
3116:
Hrvatski biografski leksikon . Zagreb 1989. Vol 2, pp 194–199.
1528:(1741) (On the nature and use of infinites and infinitessimals)
1516:(1741) (On the motion of unresisting projected bodies in space)
1214:
proposal for the renovation of the fountains in Perugia (1772);
2763:
Three Centuries from the Birth of Rudjer Boskovic (1711– 1787)
2528:
2109:
The Conflict between Atomism and Conservation Theory 1644–1860
1662:(1755) (On the law of powers in the nature of existing things)
575:
426:, including the first geometric procedure for determining the
38:
3181:. Roma: Accademia Nazionale Delle Scienze Detta Dei XL. 2007.
2219:"Who let the demon out? Laplace and Boscovich on determinism"
2032:
Rasprave: Časopis Instituta za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje
1474:(1737) (On the most recent transit of Mercury across the Sun)
1140:. Boscovich also (correctly) suggests that the continuity of
3179:
Catalogo delle opere a stampa di Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich
2959:
Voyage astronomique et geographique, dans l'État de l'Eglise
812:
in 1758, he published the first edition of his famous work,
1176:, in several expanded editions and translated into French.
2586:"Turbulence in Balkans over renaming of Dubrovnik airport"
1406:
from Ragusa, his words were: "there are my brave Croats".
400:, mathematician, philosopher, diplomat, poet, theologian,
3274:
Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich, by University of St. Andrews
3172:
A Scientific Autobiography of Joseph Priestley, 1733–1804
3104:
Vita E Attivita Scientifica; His Life and Scientific Work
3055:
A Theory of Natural Philosophy. Translated by J. M. Child
2962:(in French). Google books Italy: N.M. Tilliard. pp.
1861:"La firma autografa (The original Boscovich's autograph)"
649:
In 1742, he was consulted, with other men of science, by
3279:
Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich in the Catholic Encyclopedia
2179:[Well-visible Traces of Bošković in Ljubljana].
1846:
The successor institution to the Collegio Romano is the
1490:
De novo telescopii usu ad objecta coelestia determinanda
3298:
Ruggiero Boscovich on various Croatian Dinar banknotes.
2956:
Boscovich, Ruggero Giuseppe; Christopher Maire (1770).
2735:"People « National Tourism Organisation of Serbia"
2372:
A Theory of Natural Philosophy, Zagreb, 1974., page 539
2151:
Cohesion: A Scientific History of Intermolecular Forces
475:, a Ragusan merchant. Boscovich's father was an ethnic
3057:. English ed. Cambridge, Mass.,: M. I. T. Press, 1966.
1414:
wrote to Boscovich in Italian "as a sign of respect".
483:). He was baptised on 26 May 1711 by Marinus Carolis,
3335:
1514:
De motu corporum projectorum in spatio non-resistente
1345:
wanted to do the same for their prospective airport.
1079:
In 1783, he returned to Italy and spent two years at
30:"Ruđer Bošković" redirects here. For other uses, see
2529:"Monografija Žarka Dadića o Ruđeru Josipu Boškoviću"
1769:
Sui danni del Porto di Savona, loro cagioni e rimedi
1520:
De inaequalitate gravitatis in diversis terrae locis
953:. Ill health compelled him soon to return to Italy.
897:
had been fitted out in Dubrovnik for the service of
742:
who measured an arc of two degrees between Rome and
2533:
Prilozi za istraživanje hrvatske filozofske baštine
2272:
Bošković, Ruđer (1754) Elementa universae matheseos
2223:
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A
1754:
Giornale di un viaggio da Costantinopoli in Polonia
1736:(Journal of a voyage from Constantinople to Poland)
1713:(1767) (Five dissertations pertaining to dioptrics)
1510:(1740) (A dissertation on intersections of circles)
1199:
assessment of the levees along the River Po (1764);
1160:, so it is unclear if this is physically possible.
925:In 1761, astronomers were preparing to observe the
331:
304:
286:
270:
260:
250:
220:
183:
145:
69:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2648:(in Croatian and English). Zagreb: Školska Knjiga.
1636:Elementorum matheseos ad usum studiosae juventutis
1480:(1737) (The construction of trigonometric spheres)
1402:and attending to a military parade where he saw a
3078:Roma: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, 1993.
2461:. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. p. 1.
1765:(1785) (Works pertaining to optics and astronomy)
1608:(1747) (A dissertation on the tides of the ocean)
1526:De natura et usu infinitorum et infinite parvorum
1504:(1739) (A dissertation on the shape of the earth)
1085:Opera pertinentia ad opticam et astronomiam, etc.
1064:In 1782, Bošković was one of the founders of the
2802:David, H. A.; Edwards, A. W. F. (29 June 2013).
1763:Opera pertinentia ad opticam et astronomiam, 1–5
1731:Journal d'un voyage de Constantinople en Pologne
1711:dissertationes quinque ad dioptricam pertinentes
1666:De lentibus et telescopiis dioptricis disertatio
1496:De veterum argumentis pro telluris sphaericitate
1205:report on the floods in the Perugia area (1766);
1083:, occupying himself with the publication of his
3551:18th-century Italian Roman Catholic theologians
2805:Annotated Readings in the History of Statistics
1090:After a visit of some months to the convent of
976:, and influenced the thought of, among others,
683:in which he tried to find a middle way between
672:In 1744, he was ordained to the Roman Catholic
3147:Alchimia seu Archimagisterium Solis in V Libri
2028:"Toponymy of the village Orahovi Do in Popovo"
1582:(1745) (On the cycloid and the logistic curve)
1546:(1742) (A disquisition on universal astronomy)
1066:Accademia nazionale delle scienze detta dei XL
2355:
2353:
2351:
2111:by Wilson L. Scott, London and New York, 1970
1994:'"Roger Joseph Boscovich'" SJ FRS, 1711–1787
1924:Remarkable Physicists: From Galileo to Yukawa
1534:(1742) (On the annual aberration fixed stars)
1468:(1736) (An astronomical exercise on sunspots)
1389:
506:His uncle, Don Ilija Bošković, was killed by
8:
3170:Priestley, Joseph, and Robert E. Schofield.
3042:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1989:
1987:
1985:
1719:(1770) (An astronomic and geographic voyage)
1466:De maculis solaribus exercitatio astronomica
1087:, published in 1785 in five volumes quarto.
2177:"Dobro vidne Boškovićeve sledi v Ljubljani"
438:of a surface feature and for computing the
3243:London, : G. Allen & Unwin, 1961.
2850:. University of California Press. p.
2723:– via edizionenazionaleboscovich.it.
2608:Identity and Security in Former Yugoslavia
1927:. Cambridge University Press. p. 47.
1668:(1755) (Of dioptric lenses and telescopes)
1472:De Mercurii novissimo infra Solem transitu
831:A second edition was published in 1763 in
168:
142:
3586:Academic staff of the University of Pavia
3149:. Rio de Janeiro: Quartica Premium, 2013.
2808:. Springer Science & Business Media.
2679:
2677:
1916:
1914:
1887:Dalmata erat Boscovicius, Ragusâ oriundus
129:Learn how and when to remove this message
2637:
2635:
1742:(1779) (On the mouth of the River Adige)
1725:(1771) (A memoir on dioptric telescopes)
1701:(1765) (A memoir on the Ports of Rimini)
1680:(1758) (A Theory of Natural Philosophy)
1656:(1757) (Elements of general mathematics)
1072:), with the name of "Società Italiana" (
933:. He arrived late and then travelled to
392:; 18 May 1711 – 13 February 1787) was a
3342:
2003:, George Allen and Unwin, London, 1961.
1899:Biography: Roger Joseph Boscovich, S.J.
1839:
1777:(1780) (Letter to Giovan Stefano Conti)
1388:and remarks at the end of the letter: "
841:
574:solution of the problem of finding the
3227:Boscovich on the Romanian Territories.
2403:Pli: The Warwick Journal of Philosophy
2396:"Nietzsche's Brave New World of Force"
2016:, bib.irb.hr. Accessed 17 August 2022.
1689:(1760) (On the sun, moon and eclipses)
1644:(1753) (On the atmosphere of the moon)
1508:De Circulis osculatoribus, Dissertatio
1398:and to our Croats!"). While living in
1259:Sacrament of Penance or Reconciliation
1053:from three observations, and works on
1035:for the navy, with a pension of 8,000
851:Outside of a 1763 copy of Boscovich's
3303:All Croatian banknotes with Boscovich
1654:Elementorium universae matheseos, 1–3
1614:(1748/1749) (A dissertation on light)
1478:Trigonometriae sphaericae constructio
1275:Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts
459:Boscovich was born on 18 May 1711 in
371:
7:
3186:Occasional Poetry by Roger Boscovich
3165:and the Absence of its Translations.
1723:Memorie sulli cannocchiali diottrici
1660:De lege virium in natura existentium
1544:Disquisitio in universam astronomiam
1419:Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
1273:Ruđer Bošković bust in front of the
1125:. It suggests that if someone (the
1070:National Association of the Sciences
1041:and a position was created for him.
949:where he was elected as a member of
67:adding citations to reliable sources
3556:18th-century Italian mathematicians
2584:Borger, Julian (16 November 2023).
2175:Južnič, Stanislav (24 April 2012).
1949:Энциклопедия для детей (астрономия)
1717:Voyage astronomique et geographique
1432:Boscovich himself was proud of his
1325:Astronomical Society Ruđer Bošković
1246:, he wrote hexameter verses on the
535:, was published in Venice in 1729.
3531:Italian people of Croatian descent
3496:Croatian people of Italian descent
2823:Olson, Richard S. (8 March 2015).
2786:. Vol. 68. с.н. p. 154.
2712:Carteggio con Bartolomeo Boscovich
1789:List of Catholic clergy scientists
603:, the inequalities in terrestrial
418:Boscovich produced a precursor of
25:
3571:18th-century Italian male writers
3541:18th-century Italian philosophers
2923:The Publishers' Trade List Annual
2527:Zenko, Franjo (7 December 1987).
1632:(1751) (On the centre of gravity)
664:French translation of Bošković's
3536:18th-century Italian astronomers
3453:
3441:
3429:
3417:
3405:
3393:
3381:
3369:
3357:
3345:
3016:
2890:Levy, Joel (29 September 2016).
2605:Isakovic, Zlatko (24 May 2019).
2484:"Tko je zapravo Ruđer Bošković?"
2428:Babich, B.; Cohen, R.S. (1999).
1699:Memorie sopra il Porti di Rimini
1532:De annusi fixarum aberrationibus
1391:Eviva Haddick e i nostri Croati!
1339:Dubrovnik Ruđer Bošković Airport
1303:. In 1935, a lunar crater – the
883:"Theoria philosophiae naturalis"
874:
868:"Theoria philosophiae naturalis"
859:
844:
373:[rûd͡ʑerjǒsipbôʃkoʋit͡ɕ]
43:
3561:18th-century Italian physicists
3265:Works by Roger Joseph Boscovich
3163:Theoria Philosophiae Naturalis
2916:. Fukuoka Kyoiku Daigaku. 1981.
2737:. serbia.travel. Archived from
2217:Kožnjak, Boris (30 June 2015).
1901:, Fairchild University website.
1863:. edizionenazionaleboscovich.it
1848:Pontifical Gregorian University
1809:Le Sage's theory of gravitation
1740:Sullo sbocco dell'Adige in Mare
1596:(1745) (Spherical trigonometry)
1486:(1738) (On the Aurora Borealis)
788:The first page of figures from
422:and made many contributions to
390:Rogerius (Iosephus) Boscovicius
54:needs additional citations for
32:Ruđer Bošković (disambiguation)
2829:. Princeton University Press.
2394:Pearson, Keith Ansell (2000).
2383:http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/3574
2154:. Cambridge University Press.
2065:Carteggio con Natale Boscovich
1775:Lettere a Giovan Stefano Conti
1678:Theoria philosophiae naturalis
1502:Dissertatio de telluris figura
1366:in self-identification of the
1237:A Theory of Natural Philosophy
1107:Philosophiae naturalis theoria
1:
3329:– digital facsimile from the
3248:Michael Faraday, a Biography.
3053:Boscovich, Ruggero Giuseppe.
2869:Ball, Philip (31 July 2014).
2565:Thomas, Mark (27 June 2023).
2129:(in Croatian) (27): 113–121.
1355:modern concept of nationality
790:Theoria Philosophiæ Naturalis
3581:Fellows of the Royal Society
3546:18th-century Italian Jesuits
3250:New York, Basic Books, 1965.
2926:. R.R. Bowker Company. 1959.
1687:De Solis ac Lunae defectibus
1423:the 100 most prominent Serbs
687:'s gravitational theory and
679:In 1745, Bošković published
666:De solis ac lunae defectibus
3526:18th-century Croatian poets
3195:Špoljarić, Stjepan (2011).
3161:The Presence of Boscovich's
3145:Morais Jr, Luis Carlos de.
2687:. London:Saqi Books, 2003.
2243:10.1016/j.shpsa.2015.03.002
1885:, Groningae, 1765, p. 61: "
1113:In philosophy and physics,
951:Russian Academy of Sciences
920:fellow of the Royal Society
382:Ruggiero Giuseppe Boscovich
3612:
3566:18th-century Italian poets
2769:. pp. 449 (footnote).
2760:Jandric, Miroslav (2011).
1972:Ruggero Giuseppe Boscovich
1612:Dissertatio de lumine, 1–2
1606:Dissertatio de maris aestu
1121:supporting the concept of
642:, and various problems of
529:Jesuit school in Dubrovnik
495:, at the time part of the
29:
3314:Stamp of Joseph Boscovich
3239:Whyte, Lancelot Law, ed.
3074:Bursill-Hall, Piers, ed.
2939:Alembert, J.L.R. (1761).
2611:. Routledge. p. 59.
2434:. Springer. p. 187.
2086:Franka Miriam Brueckler.
2026:Vidović, Domagoj (2011).
1951:. Москва: Аванта+. 1998.
1814:Least absolute deviations
1590:(1745) (On living forces)
1255:dome of St. Peter in Rome
1180:1749 due to a whirlwind.
901:, and that therefore the
756:Least absolute deviations
599:, the observation of the
345:
297:
167:
3501:Croatian Roman Catholics
3326:Dissertationis de lumine
2896:. Michael O'Mara Books.
2539:(1-2 (25-26)): 217–222.
2361:Jesuits among the Croats
2148:Rowlinson, J.S. (2002).
1905:27 November 2010 at the
1313:Ruđer Bošković Institute
1008:in Milan, That is where
761:A dispute arose between
711:. Impenetrability has a
560:Sant'Andrea delle Fratte
78:"Roger Joseph Boscovich"
3039:Encyclopædia Britannica
3034:Boscovich, Roger Joseph
2844:Olson, Richard (1982).
2482:Kutleša, Stipe (2011).
2090:. Mathematics in Europe
1977:Encyclopædia Britannica
1594:Trigonometria sphaerica
1579:De cyloide et logistica
1442:Opuscule mathématiques…
1364:Serb-Croat distinctions
27:Croat-Italian physicist
3159:Petrović, Aleksandar.
2670:– via matica.hr.
1390:
1285:
1110:
1015:He was invited by the
970:Laibach Jesuit College
918:, he was elected as a
805:
669:
644:spherical trigonometry
501:Bosnia and Herzegovina
389:
381:
364:
352:Roger Joseph Boscovich
152:Roger Joseph Boscovich
18:Rudjer Josip Boscovich
3516:Croatian philosophers
3486:People from Dubrovnik
3246:Williams, L. Pearce.
3152:Petković, Tomisclav.
2642:Dadić, Žarko (1987).
2455:Grössing, H. (2009).
2121:Dadić, Žarko (1989).
1272:
1154:uncertainty principle
1105:
1097:
787:
767:Grand Duke of Tuscany
663:
611:to the theory of the
607:, the application of
3319:About Ruđer Bošković
3288:The Bancroft Library
3177:Proverbio, Edoardo.
3088:Dimitric, Radoslav.
2685:Dubrovnik, A History
1642:De lunae atmosphaera
1462:(1736) (On Sunspots)
1460:De maculis solaribus
1301:the Croatian Leibniz
1299:nicknamed Boscovich
752:States of the Church
562:. There, he studied
485:curatus et sacristia
365:Ruđer Josip Bošković
188:Ruđer Josip Bošković
63:improve this article
3521:Croatian male poets
3511:Croatian physicists
3323:Boscovich's (1748)
3111:Bošković in Britain
2741:on 23 December 2014
2571:The Dubrovnik Times
2235:2015SHPSA..51...42K
1883:Notabilium libri II
1881:Gerardus Heerkens,
1819:Quantile regression
1804:Boscovich's cardoid
1630:De centrogravitatis
1074:Italian Association
998:University of Pavia
966:Ljubljana, Slovenia
945:then proceeding to
693:metaphysical theory
597:figure of the Earth
544:Collegium Ragusinum
340:University of Pavia
327:, diplomacy, poetry
3576:Italian male poets
3331:Linda Hall Library
3225:Stavinschi, Magda.
3109:Franolić, Branko.
3067:Brush, Stephen G.
3060:Brush, Stephen G.
2491:Klasje naših ravni
1921:James, I. (2004).
1794:Lancelot Law Whyte
1602:(1746) (On comets)
1286:
1119:thought experiment
1111:
986:Franz Samuel Karpe
891:British government
824:and his theory of
820:), containing his
806:
670:
589:transit of Mercury
479:(some sources say
465:Republic of Ragusa
413:Republic of Ragusa
325:natural philosophy
255:Republic of Ragusa
206:Republic of Ragusa
3596:Ragusan diplomats
3591:Jesuit scientists
3211:978-953-7010-99-7
3122:978-86-7053-015-7
3098:978-0-9788256-2-1
2998:www.brera.inaf.it
2903:978-1-78243-638-6
2882:978-1-4481-8541-2
2861:978-0-520-20167-5
2836:978-1-4008-7249-7
2815:978-1-4757-3500-0
2783:Историјски записи
2693:978-0-86356-332-4
2618:978-1-351-73349-6
1958:978-5-89501-016-7
1799:Pietro De Martino
1682:link to full text
1567:Link to full text
1484:De aurora boreali
1394:" ("Long life to
1382:Croatian language
1297:Werner Heisenberg
1295:In the 1930s, by
1158:quantum mechanics
1098:Boscovich's demon
974:Habsburg monarchy
960:, the capital of
956:Bošković visited
771:Republic of Lucca
736:Christopher Maire
689:Gottfried Leibniz
651:Pope Benedict XIV
637:double refraction
556:Collegium Romanum
349:
348:
336:Brera Observatory
299:Scientific career
281:Brera Observatory
274:Precursor of the
139:
138:
131:
113:
16:(Redirected from
3603:
3506:Croatian Jesuits
3458:
3457:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3434:
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3349:
3348:
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3218:
3203:
3184:Savkovic, Nada.
3043:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3009:
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2990:
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2946:
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2875:. Random House.
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2840:
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2681:
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2671:
2669:
2667:
2657:
2651:
2649:
2639:
2630:
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2596:
2595:
2581:
2575:
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2524:
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2511:
2509:
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2400:
2391:
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2346:
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2337:
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2328:
2325:
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2300:
2297:
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2288:
2282:
2279:
2273:
2270:
2264:
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2255:
2254:
2214:
2208:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2183:(in Slovenian).
2172:
2166:
2165:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2083:
2077:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2023:
2017:
2012:Stipe Kutleša,
2010:
2004:
1991:
1980:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1918:
1909:
1896:
1890:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1857:
1851:
1844:
1758:
1735:
1587:De viribus vivis
1421:ranks him among
1393:
1305:Boscovich crater
1149:'s metaphysics.
1136:, direction and
1021:transit of Venus
947:Saint Petersburg
927:transit of Venus
878:
863:
848:
794:Joseph Priestley
681:De Viribus Vivis
623:, the theory of
552:Society of Jesus
375:
370:
358:
245:
227:
224:13 February 1787
215:
197:
195:
176:Robert Edge Pine
172:
162:
143:
134:
127:
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112:
71:
47:
39:
21:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3605:
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3601:
3600:
3491:Ragusan Jesuits
3466:
3465:
3464:
3452:
3442:
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3416:
3406:
3404:
3392:
3380:
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3344:
3336:
3261:
3216:
3214:
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3201:
3194:
3050:
3048:Further reading
3032:, ed. (1911). "
3028:
3017:
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2987:
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2716:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2683:Harris, Robin.
2682:
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2659:
2658:
2654:
2641:
2640:
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2578:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2549:
2547:
2535:(in Croatian).
2526:
2525:
2521:
2507:
2505:
2497:(11–12): 3–26.
2493:(in Croatian).
2486:
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2476:
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2442:
2427:
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2147:
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2120:
2119:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2093:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2062:
2058:
2048:
2046:
2034:(in Croatian).
2025:
2024:
2020:
2011:
2007:
1992:
1983:
1970:
1966:
1959:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1935:
1920:
1919:
1912:
1907:Wayback Machine
1897:
1893:
1880:
1876:
1866:
1864:
1859:
1858:
1854:
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1837:
1832:
1785:
1780:
1751:
1728:
1451:
1436:identity. When
1351:
1267:
1244:Marian devotion
1233:
1231:Religious views
1166:
1115:Laplace's demon
1100:
994:
893:suspected that
885:
879:
870:
864:
855:
849:
802:Michael Faraday
726:of a degree of
724:arc measurement
593:Aurora Borealis
584:
473:Nikola Bošković
457:
452:
368:
354:
338:
278:
265:Collegio Romano
261:Alma mater
246:
239:
238:
229:
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191:
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178:, London, 1760.
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3259:External links
3257:
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3237:
3232:Uršič, Marko.
3230:
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3192:
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3138:Lukan, Peter.
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3090:Ruđer Bošković
3086:
3083:Ruđer Bošković
3081:Dadić, Žarko.
3079:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3030:Chisholm, Hugh
3011:
3010:
2985:
2981:Ruđer Bošković
2979:Dadić, Žarko.
2972:
2948:
2945:. Vol. 1.
2931:
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2887:
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2772:
2752:
2726:
2714:, Milano 2009"
2697:
2673:
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2645:Ruder Bošković
2631:
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2194:
2167:
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2101:
2078:
2075:978-8896700204
2056:
2038:(2): 540–544.
2018:
2005:
1981:
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1940:
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1170:Constantinople
1165:
1162:
1138:centre of mass
1099:
1096:
1010:Charles Burney
993:
990:
978:Gabriel Gruber
931:Constantinople
907:ambassadorship
887:
886:
881:First page of
880:
873:
871:
865:
858:
856:
850:
843:
779:Karl Scherffer
621:logistic curve
583:
580:
521:Anica Bošković
497:Ottoman Empire
456:
453:
451:
448:
430:of a rotating
347:
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271:Known for
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248:
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236:Duchy of Milan
230:
228:(aged 75)
222:
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3047:
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3031:
3026:
3025:public domain
3014:
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2999:
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2872:Critical Mass
2867:
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2468:9783700167976
2464:
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2441:9780792357438
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2240:
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2210:
2206:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2171:
2168:
2163:
2161:9781139435888
2157:
2153:
2152:
2144:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2089:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2067:(two volumes)
2066:
2060:
2057:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1997:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1936:
1934:9780521017060
1930:
1926:
1925:
1917:
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1911:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1862:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1840:
1834:
1829:
1825:
1824:Will to power
1822:
1820:
1817:
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1810:
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1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
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1446:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1413:
1407:
1405:
1404:Croatian unit
1401:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1356:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1311:, is called "
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
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1213:
1210:
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1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1164:Further works
1163:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1128:
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1120:
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1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1042:
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1039:
1034:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:Royal Society
1013:
1011:
1007:
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999:
991:
989:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
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963:
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948:
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932:
928:
923:
921:
917:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
884:
877:
872:
869:
866:Opening page
862:
857:
854:
847:
842:
840:
838:
834:
829:
827:
823:
822:atomic theory
819:
815:
811:
803:
799:
795:
791:
786:
782:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
738:, an English
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
714:
710:
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702:
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690:
686:
682:
677:
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656:
652:
647:
645:
641:
638:
634:
631:, the law of
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541:
536:
534:
533:Hvale Duhovne
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509:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
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478:
474:
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3470:Categories
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1867:12 January
1835:References
1600:De cometis
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1156:of modern
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